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Aydin F, Abay M, Şahin O, Abay S, Karakaya E, Müştak İB, Müştak HK, Gümüşsoy KS, Kayman T. Species distribution, genetic diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility of Campylobacter isolates recovered from the preputial cavity of healthy rams in Turkey. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 129:1173-1184. [PMID: 32416023 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Campylobacter sp. are important causes of reproductive disease in ruminants worldwide. Although healthy bulls are well-known carriers for infection of cows, the role of rams as a potential source for infecting ewes is unclear. This study aimed to determine prevalence, species distribution, genetic diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Campylobacter sp. isolated from the preputial cavity of healthy rams. METHODS AND RESULTS The material of this prospective study comprised 191 swab samples taken from the preputial cavity of healthy rams. Enrichment and membrane filtration were employed for the isolation of Campylobacter. Presumptive isolates were confirmed as Campylobacter by phenotypic and molecular tests. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis was used for the definitive identification of the isolates at species level, and genotyping was performed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The susceptibility of the Campylobacter sp. isolates to various antibiotics was determined by the disk diffusion test. In all, 27 of the 191 (14·13%) swab samples were found to be positive for Campylobacter sp. (28 isolates were recovered in total). Per phenotypic and genotypic analyses, one isolate was identified as Campylobacter mucosalis and the remaining 27 isolates were identified as Campylobacter sputorum bv. faecalis. The PFGE analysis of the C. sputorum biovar faecalis isolates produced 17 clusters and 24 different pulsotypes, indicating high genetic heterogeneity. All 28 isolates were found to be susceptible to all of the antibiotics tested. CONCLUSIONS Healthy rams may be an important reservoir of different Campylobacter species in the preputium. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study demonstrated for the first time that healthy rams can carry different Campylobacter sp. including genetically diverse C. sputorum bv. faecalis and C. mucosalis in the preputial cavity. Further investigation on the potential implication of this finding on sheep reproductive health (e.g. infectious infertility, and abortion) and overall epidemiology of Campylobacter may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Aydin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - M Abay
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - O Şahin
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - S Abay
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - E Karakaya
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - İ B Müştak
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - H K Müştak
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - K S Gümüşsoy
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - T Kayman
- Medical Microbiology Clinic, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
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