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Gonçalves ADBB, de Pinho TCR, Toledo FAO, Balabram D, Ferreira E, Campos MRA, Cassali GD. Extracapsular extension and tumor implants in lymph nodes with canine mammary carcinoma metastasis: Study of the impact on survival. Res Vet Sci 2021; 139:87-93. [PMID: 34265511 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Regional lymph node status impacts survival in dogs with malignant mammary tumors. However, few studies have evaluated extracapsular extension and tumor implants in regional lymph node metastases in dogs with mammary carcinoma. Therefore, 84 cases of mammary carcinomas with metastases in inguinal and/or axillary lymph nodes from female dogs of different breeds and a total of 139 metastatic lymph nodes were evaluated by routine histological staining. Clinical and pathological characteristics of primary tumors as well as the presence of extracapsular extension and tumor implants in the lymph nodes were analyzed, in addition to survival. One to 5 lymph nodes were evaluated in each case. Extracapsular extension and tumor implants were present in 17.9% and 39.3% of cases, respectively. The simultaneous presence of extracapsular extension and tumor implants were associated with an increased risk of death (hazard ratio 10.46). In addition, "special type carcinomas", high histological grade (grade III), and presence of extracapsular extension associated with tumor implants were related to a worse prognosis and shorter survival times (p < 0.05). Based on these results, we highlight the importance of identifying extracapsular extension and tumor implants in dogs with metastatic mammary carcinomas, as they are associated with a higher risk of death and shorter survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D B B Gonçalves
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - T C Reis de Pinho
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - F A O Toledo
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - D Balabram
- Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Prof. Alfredo Balena,190, Belo Horizonte 30130-100, Brazil
| | - E Ferreira
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - M R A Campos
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - G D Cassali
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil.
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