[Rhabdomyolysis due to drug-drug interaction of atorvastatin and cobicistat]

A 53-year-old man presented with rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury. The symptoms were presumably caused by a drug-drug interaction between an antiretroviral drug combination and atorvastatin. As a booster, cobicistat can also increase the toxicity of statins via inhibition of the enzyme cytochrome p450 3A4 (CYP3A4). After stopping atorvastatin and after intravenous fluid therapy, the symptoms regressed completely.

Carbodiphosphorane mediated synthesis of a triflyloxyphosphonium dication and its reactivity towards nucleophiles

A carbodiphosphorane ((Ph₃P)₂C) mediated synthesis of the first triflyloxyphosphonium dication (12+) bearing two electrophilic sites is presented. Depending on the nucleophile, 12+ reacts selectively either at the sulfur atom of the triflyloxy moiety or at the directly attached phosphorus atom. In substitution reactions at the phosphorus atom the triflyloxy moiety serves as a leaving group and enables the synthesis of rare examples of pseudo-halophosphonium dications.

Donor–acceptor interactions in tri(phosphonio)methanide dications [(Ph3P)2CP(X)Ph2]2+(X = H, Me, CN, NCS, OH, Cl, OTf, F)

The impact of the strongly electron donating carbodiphosphorane moiety in the series of tri(phosphonio)methanide dications as triflate salts [(Ph₃P)₂CP(X)Ph₂][OTf]₂(X = H, Me, CN, NCS, OH, Cl, OTf, F) deriving from [(Ph₃P)₂CPPh₂][OTf] (19[OTf]) is presented.

Detection of novel leukocyte differentiation antigens on basophils and mast cells by HLDA8 antibodies

BACKGROUND

Basophils (BA) and mast cells (MC) are important effector cells in allergic reactions. Development, growth and effector cell functions are regulated by a network of cytokines, other ligands, and respective cell surface antigens.

METHODS

We examined the expression of novel CD antigens on human BA, lung MC, the BA cell line KU-812, and the MC line HMC-1. Expression of surface antigens was analyzed by monoclonal antibodies (mAb) of the HLDA8 workshop and flow cytometry.

RESULTS

Basophils were found to stain positive for CXCR1 (CD181), CCR1 (CD191), CCR2 (CD192), CCR7 (CD197), IL-18Ralpha (CDw218a), IL-18Rbeta (CDw218b), TRAIL-R1 (CD261), TRAIL-R2 (CD262), TACI (CD267), TLR-4 (CD284), LAIR1 (CD305), EMR-2 (CD312), JAM1 (CD321), and JAM2 (CD322). Lung MC were found to react with mAb against EMR-2 (CD312) and JAM1 (CD321). KU-812 cells were found to stain positive for CXCR1 (CD181), TRAIL-R2 (CD262), B7H2 (CD275), TLR-4 (CD284), JAM1 (CD321), and E-Cadherin (CD324). HMC-1 cells were recognized by mAb against TRAIL-R2 (CD262), B7H2 (CD275), LAIR1 (CD305), EMR-2 (CD312), JAM1 (CD321), and Siglec-6 (CDw327).

CONCLUSIONS

Extensive phenotyping with antibodies against novel CD antigens provides further evidence that BA and MC represent two separate hematopoietic cell lineages with unique phenotypic properties observed in mature cells as well as malignant immature cells. Further studies are required to define the functional role of these CD antigens expressed in BA and MC.