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Vernon AR, Ricketts CM, Billowes J, Cocolios TE, Cooper BS, Flanagan KT, Garcia Ruiz RF, Gustafsson FP, Neyens G, Perrett HA, Sahoo BK, Wang Q, Waso FJ, Yang XF. Laser spectroscopy of indium Rydberg atom bunches by electric field ionization. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12306. [PMID: 32704132 PMCID: PMC7378087 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68218-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This work reports on the application of a novel electric field-ionization setup for high-resolution laser spectroscopy measurements on bunched fast atomic beams in a collinear geometry. In combination with multi-step resonant excitation to Rydberg states using pulsed lasers, the field ionization technique demonstrates increased sensitivity for isotope separation and measurement of atomic parameters over previous non-resonant laser ionization methods. The setup was tested at the Collinear Resonance Ionization Spectroscopy experiment at ISOLDE-CERN to perform high-resolution measurements of transitions in the indium atom from the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\text {5s}^2\text {5d}\,^2\text {D}_{5/2}$$\end{document}5s25d2D5/2 and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\text {5s}^2\text {5d}\,^2\text {D}_{3/2}$$\end{document}5s25d2D3/2 states to \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\text {5s}^2n$$\end{document}5s2np \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$^2$$\end{document}2P and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\text {5s}^2n\text {f}\,^2$$\end{document}5s2nf2F Rydberg states, up to a principal quantum number of \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$n=72$$\end{document}n=72. The extracted Rydberg level energies were used to re-evaluate the ionization potential of the indium atom to be \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$46,670.107(4)\,\hbox {cm}^{-1}$$\end{document}46,670.107(4)cm-1. The nuclear magnetic dipole and nuclear electric quadrupole hyperfine structure constants and level isotope shifts of the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\text {5s}^2\text {5d}\,^2\text {D}_{5/2}$$\end{document}5s25d2D5/2 and \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\text {5s}^2\text {5d}\,^2\text {D}_{3/2}$$\end{document}5s25d2D3/2 states were determined for \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$^{113,115}$$\end{document}113,115In. The results are compared to calculations using relativistic coupled-cluster theory. A good agreement is found with the ionization potential and isotope shifts, while disagreement of hyperfine structure constants indicates an increased importance of electron correlations in these excited atomic states. With the aim of further increasing the detection sensitivity for measurements on exotic isotopes, a systematic study of the field-ionization arrangement implemented in the work was performed at the same time and an improved design was simulated and is presented. The improved design offers increased background suppression independent of the distance from field ionization to ion detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Vernon
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - C M Ricketts
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - J Billowes
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - T E Cocolios
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - B S Cooper
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.,Photon Science Institute, Alan Turing Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PY, UK
| | - K T Flanagan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.,Photon Science Institute, Alan Turing Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PY, UK
| | - R F Garcia Ruiz
- EP Department, CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland.,Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - F P Gustafsson
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - G Neyens
- Instituut voor Kern- en Stralingsfysica, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.,EP Department, CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland
| | - H A Perrett
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - B K Sahoo
- Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics Division, Physical Research Laboratory, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Q Wang
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - F J Waso
- Stellenbosch University, Merensky Building, Merriman Street, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - X F Yang
- School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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