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Wassell EJ, Adams JS, Bandler SR, Betancourt-Martinez GL, Chiao MP, Chang MP, Chervenak JA, Datesman AM, Eckart ME, Ewin AJ, Finkbeiner FM, Ha JY, Kelley R, Kilbourne CA, Miniussi AR, Sakai K, Porter F, Sadleir JE, Smith SJ, Wakeham NA, Yoon W. Fabrication of X-ray Microcalorimeter Focal Planes Composed of Two Distinct Pixel Types. IEEE Trans Appl Supercond 2017; 27:2300205. [PMID: 28804229 PMCID: PMC5548520 DOI: 10.1109/tasc.2016.2633783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We are developing superconducting transition-edge sensor (TES) microcalorimeter focal planes for versatility in meeting specifications of X-ray imaging spectrometers including high count-rate, high energy resolution, and large field-of-view. In particular, a focal plane composed of two sub-arrays: one of fine-pitch, high count-rate devices and the other of slower, larger pixels with similar energy resolution, offers promise for the next generation of astrophysics instruments, such as the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) instrument on the European Space Agency's Athena mission. We have based the sub-arrays of our current design on successful pixel designs that have been demonstrated separately. Pixels with an all gold X-ray absorber on 50 and 75 micron scales where the Mo/Au TES sits atop a thick metal heatsinking layer have shown high resolution and can accommodate high count-rates. The demonstrated larger pixels use a silicon nitride membrane for thermal isolation, thinner Au and an added bismuth layer in a 250 micron square absorber. To tune the parameters of each sub-array requires merging the fabrication processes of the two detector types. We present the fabrication process for dual production of different X-ray absorbers on the same substrate, thick Au on the small pixels and thinner Au with a Bi capping layer on the larger pixels to tune their heat capacities. The process requires multiple electroplating and etching steps, but the absorbers are defined in a single ion milling step. We demonstrate methods for integrating heatsinking of the two types of pixel into the same focal plane consistent with the requirements for each sub-array, including the limiting of thermal crosstalk. We also discuss fabrication process modifications for tuning the intrinsic transition temperature (Tc) of the bilayers for the different device types through variation of the bilayer thicknesses. The latest results on these "hybrid" arrays will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Wassell
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA. Stinger-Ghaffarian Technologies, Inc., Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - J S Adams
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA. CRESST, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - S R Bandler
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA
| | - G L Betancourt-Martinez
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA. University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - M P Chiao
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA
| | - M P Chang
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA
| | - J A Chervenak
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA
| | - A M Datesman
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA. Stinger-Ghaffarian Technologies, Inc., Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - M E Eckart
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA
| | - A J Ewin
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA
| | - F M Finkbeiner
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA. Wyle Information Systems, McLean, VA 22102 USA
| | - J Y Ha
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA. SB Microsystems Inc., Glen Burnie, MD 20161 USA
| | - R Kelley
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA
| | - C A Kilbourne
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA
| | - A R Miniussi
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA
| | - K Sakai
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA. Universities Space Research Association, MD, USA
| | - F Porter
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA
| | - J E Sadleir
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA
| | - S J Smith
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA. CRESST, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - N A Wakeham
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA. Universities Space Research Association, MD, USA
| | - W Yoon
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA. Universities Space Research Association, MD, USA
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Gottardi L, Adams J, Bailey C, Bandler S, Bruijn M, Chervenak J, Eckart M, Finkbeiner F, den Hartog R, Hoevers H, Kelley R, Kilbourne C, de Korte P, van der Kuur J, Lindeman M, Porter F, Sadlier J, Smith S. Study of the Dependency on Magnetic Field and Bias Voltage of an AC-Biased TES Microcalorimeter. J Low Temp Phys 2012; 167:214-219. [PMID: 26069348 PMCID: PMC4459122 DOI: 10.1007/s10909-012-0494-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
At SRON we are studying the performance of a Goddard Space Flight Center single pixel TES microcalorimeter operated in an AC bias configuration. For x-ray photons at 6 keV the pixel shows an x-ray energy resolution ΔEFWHM =3.7 eV, which is about a factor 2 worse than the energy resolution observed in an identical DC-biased pixel. In order to better understand the reasons for this discrepancy we characterised the detector as a function of temperature, bias working point and applied perpendicular magnetic field. A strong periodic dependency of the detector noise on the TES AC bias voltage is measured. We discuss the results in the framework of the recently observed weak-link behaviour of a TES microcalorimeter.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Gottardi
- SRON National Institute for Space Research, Sorbonnelaan 2, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J. Adams
- NASA GSFC, Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - C. Bailey
- NASA GSFC, Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - S. Bandler
- NASA GSFC, Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - M. Bruijn
- SRON National Institute for Space Research, Sorbonnelaan 2, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J. Chervenak
- NASA GSFC, Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - M. Eckart
- NASA GSFC, Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | | | - R. den Hartog
- SRON National Institute for Space Research, Sorbonnelaan 2, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - H. Hoevers
- SRON National Institute for Space Research, Sorbonnelaan 2, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R. Kelley
- NASA GSFC, Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - C. Kilbourne
- NASA GSFC, Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - P. de Korte
- SRON National Institute for Space Research, Sorbonnelaan 2, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J. van der Kuur
- SRON National Institute for Space Research, Sorbonnelaan 2, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M. Lindeman
- SRON National Institute for Space Research, Sorbonnelaan 2, 3584 CA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - F. Porter
- NASA GSFC, Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - J. Sadlier
- NASA GSFC, Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
| | - S. Smith
- NASA GSFC, Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
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Ulatowski L, Parker R, Davidson C, Yanjanin N, Kelley TJ, Corey D, Atkinson J, Porter F, Arai H, Walkley SU, Manor D. Altered vitamin E status in Niemann-Pick type C disease. J Lipid Res 2011; 52:1400-10. [PMID: 21550990 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m015560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) is the major lipid-soluble antioxidant in many species. Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the NPC1 or NPC2 gene, which regulates lipid transport through the endocytic pathway. NPC disease is characterized by massive intracellular accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and other lipids in lysosomal vesicles. We examined the roles that NPC1/2 proteins play in the intracellular trafficking of tocopherol. Reduction of NPC1 or NPC2 expression or function in cultured cells caused a marked lysosomal accumulation of vitamin E in cultured cells. In vivo, tocopherol significantly accumulated in murine Npc1-null and Npc2-null livers, Npc2-null cerebella, and Npc1-null cerebral cortices. Plasma tocopherol levels were within the normal range in Npc1-null and Npc2-null mice, and in plasma samples from human NPC patients. The binding affinity of tocopherol to the purified sterol-binding domain of NPC1 and to purified NPC2 was significantly weaker than that of cholesterol (measurements kindly performed by R. Infante, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX). Taken together, our observations indicate that functionality of NPC1/2 proteins is necessary for proper bioavailability of vitamin E and that the NPC pathology might involve tissue-specific perturbations of vitamin E status.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ulatowski
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Hoch A, Honda A, Ishikawa H, Porter F, Sharland S, Taniguchi N. A Modelling and Experimental Study for Long-Term Prediction of Localised Corrosion in Carbon Steel Overpacks for High-Level Radioactive Waste. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-353-703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis paper describes a joint modelling and experimental study for investigation of pit growth in carbon steel High-Level Radioactive Waste overpacks under consideration in Japan. A mathematical model of the growth of corrosion pits in metals has been developed. This model is implemented in the computer program CAMLE, and includes representation of the chemical, electrochemical and migration processes that control pit-growth rates. Experiments to provide key input data for the model are described, in addition to experiments to measure ‘short-term’ pit growth. Predictions from the model are compared with these data. Overall, the comparisons are encouraging and the model shows good potential as a tool for assessment of the long-term corrosion behaviour of overpacks under repository conditions. Future developments of the model to improve agreement are discussed.
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Nouraei SAR, Obholzer R, Ind PW, Salama AD, Pusey CD, Porter F, Howard DJ, Sandhu GS. Results of endoscopic surgery and intralesional steroid therapy for airway compromise due to tracheobronchial Wegener's granulomatosis. Eur Respir Rev 2008. [DOI: 10.1183/09059180.00010704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Nouraei SAR, Obholzer R, Ind PW, Salama AD, Pusey CD, Porter F, Howard DJ, Sandhu GS. Results of endoscopic surgery and intralesional steroid therapy for airway compromise due to tracheobronchial Wegener's granulomatosis. Thorax 2007; 63:49-52. [PMID: 17573443 DOI: 10.1136/thx.2007.078915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upper airway compromise due to tracheobronchial stenosis commonly occurs in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). There is at present no consensus on the optimal management of this life threatening condition. OBJECTIVE To assess the results of laryngo-tracheo-bronchoscopy, intralesional steroid therapy, laser surgery and dilatation in managing obstructive tracheobronchial WG. METHODS Records of 18 previously untreated stridulous patients with obstructive tracheobronchial WG, treated between 2004 and 2006, were prospectively recorded on an airway database and retrospectively reviewed. Information about patient and lesion characteristics and treatment details were recorded. Treatment progress was illustrated using a timeline plot, and intervention-free intervals were calculated with actuarial analysis. RESULTS There were nine males and the average age at presentation was 40 (16) years (range 13-74). There were 13 patients with tracheal and five with tracheal and bronchial lesions. The average tracheal lesion height was 8 (3) mm, located 23 (9) mm below the glottis. There were 1, 10 and 7 Myer-Cotton grade I, II and III lesions, respectively. Mean intervention-free interval following minimally invasive treatment was 26 (2.8) months. Following endobronchial therapy, the median intervention-free interval was 22 months (p>0.8 vs tracheal lesions). No patient required a tracheostomy or endoluminal stenting. CONCLUSIONS Intralesional steroid therapy and conservative endoluminal surgery is an effective strategy for treating airway compromise due to active tracheal and bronchial WG, obviating the need for airway bypass or stenting. We recommend the combination of endotracheal dilatation, conservative laser surgery and steroid therapy as the standard of care for treating airway compromise due to obstructive tracheobronchial WG.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A R Nouraei
- National Centre for Airway Reconstruction, Department of Ear Nose and Throat Surgery, Charing Cross Hospital, London W6 8RF, UK.
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Abstract
We present a case of marked intra-operative blood pressure instability in a euthyroid, fit 33-year-old female undergoing elective hemithyroidectomy. This led to significant haemodynamic compromise, cardiac failure and end-organ damage. There was no evidence of a vasoactive endocrine cause, and the nature and timing of the event strongly pointed towards baroreflex-mediated neurogenic sympathetic dysfunction. This can occur during carotid surgery and neck dissection. Although haemodynamic fluctuations may happen during thyroid surgery, their severity in this case was unusual. We believe this could have been a rebound phenomenon in response to acute decompression of the carotid artery which had been compressed by an enlarging cyst. We suggest that in similar cases blockade of the carotid sinus could attenuate such responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A R Nouraei
- Department of Otolaryngology, Charing Cross Hospital, London W6 8RF, UK
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Bukowski R, Saade G, Malone F, Porter F, Nyberg D, Comstock C, Eddleman K, Gross S, Dugoff L, Craigo S, Timor I, Carr SR, Wolfe H, Traister K, D'alton M. Determinants of fetal growth impairment. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2004.09.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Bai JZ, Ban Y, Bian JG, Blum I, Chen AD, Chen HF, Chen HS, Chen J, Chen JC, Chen XD, Chen Y, Chen YB, Cheng BS, Chi SP, Chu YP, Choi JB, Cui XZ, Dai YS, Dong LY, Du ZZ, Dunwoodie W, Fu HY, Fu LP, Gao CS, Gratton P, Gu SD, Gu YF, Guo YN, Guo ZJ, Han SW, Han Y, Harris FA, He J, He JT, He KL, He M, He X, Hong T, Heng YK, Hitlin DG, Hu GY, Hu HM, Hu QH, Hu T, Huang GS, Huang XP, Huang YZ, Izen JM, Ji XB, Jiang CH, Jin Y, Jones BD, Kang JS, Ke ZJ, Kelsey MH, Kim BK, Kim HJ, Kim SK, Kim TY, Kong D, Lai YF, Lankford A, Li D, Li HB, Li HH, Li J, Li JC, Li PQ, Li QJ, Li RY, Li W, Li WG, Li XN, Li XQ, Liu B, Liu F, Liu F, Liu HM, Liu J, Liu JP, Liu TR, Liu RG, Liu Y, Liu ZX, Lou XC, Lowery B, Lu GR, Lu F, Lu JG, Lu ZJ, Luo XL, Ma EC, Ma JM, Malchow R, Mao HS, Mao ZP, Meng XC, Mo XH, Nie J, Nie ZD, Olsen SL, Oyang J, Paluselli D, Pan LJ, Panetta J, Park H, Porter F, Qi ND, Qi XR, Qian CD, Qiu JF, Que YK, Rong G, Schernau M, Shao YY, Shen BW, Shen DL, Shen H, Shen XY, Sheng HY, Shi F, Shi HZ, Song XF, Standifird J, Suh JY, Sun HS, Sun LF, Sun YZ, Tang SQ, Toki W, Tong GL, Varner GS, Wang J, Wang JZ, Wang L, Wang LS, Wang M, Wang P, Wang PL, Wang SM, Wang YY, Wang ZY, Weaver M, Wei CL, Wu JM, Wu N, Xi DM, Xia XM, Xie XX, Xu GF, Xu Y, Xue ST, Yan WB, Yan WG, Yang CM, Yang CY, Yang GA, Yang HX, Yang XF, Ye MH, Ye SW, Ye YX, Yu CS, Yu CX, Yu GW, Yuan Y, Zhang BY, Zhang C, Zhang CC, Zhang DH, Zhang HL, Zhang HY, Zhang J, Zhang JW, Zhang L, Zhang LS, Zhang P, Zhang QJ, Zhang SQ, Zhang XY, Zhang YY, Zhang ZP, Zhao DX, Zhao HW, Zhao J, Zhao JW, Zhao M, Zhao PP, Zhao WR, Zhao YB, Zhao ZG, Zheng JP, Zheng LS, Zheng ZP, Zhou BQ, Zhou GM, Zhou L, Zhu KJ, Zhu QM, Zhu YC, Zhu YS, Zhu ZA, Zhuang BA, Zou BS. First measurement of the branching fraction of the decayψ(2S)→τ+τ−. Int J Clin Exp Med 2002. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.65.052004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Bai JZ, Ban Y, Bian JG, Blum I, Chen AD, Chen GP, Chen HF, Chen HS, Chen J, Chen JC, Chen XD, Chen Y, Chen YB, Cheng BS, Choi JB, Cui XZ, Ding HL, Dong LY, Du ZZ, Dunwoodie W, Gao CS, Gao ML, Gao SQ, Gratton P, Gu JH, Gu SD, Gu WX, Guo YN, Guo ZJ, Han SW, Han Y, Harris FA, He J, He JT, He KL, He M, Heng YK, Hitlin DG, Hu GY, Hu HM, Hu JL, Hu QH, Hu T, Huang GS, Huang XP, Huang YZ, Izen JM, Jiang CH, Jin Y, Jones BD, Ju X, Kang JS, Ke ZJ, Kelsey MH, Kim BK, Kim HJ, Kim SK, Kim TY, Kong D, Lai YF, Lang PF, Lankford A, Li CG, Li D, Li HB, Li J, Li JC, Li PQ, Li W, Li WG, Li XH, Li XN, Li XQ, Li ZC, Liu B, Liu F, Liu F, Liu HM, Liu J, Liu JP, Liu RG, Liu Y, Liu ZX, Lou XC, Lowery B, Lu GR, Lu F, Lu JG, Luo XL, Ma EC, Ma JM, Malchow R, Mao HS, Mao ZP, Meng XC, Mo XH, Nie J, Olsen SL, Oyang J, Paluselli D, Pan LJ, Panetta J, Park H, Porter F, Qi ND, Qi XR, Qian CD, Qiu JF, Qu YH, Que YK, Rong G, Schernau M, Shao YY, Shen BW, Shen DL, Shen H, Shen HY, Shen XY, Shi F, Shi HZ, Song XF, Standifird J, Suh JY, Sun HS, Sun LF, Sun YZ, Tang SQ, Toki W, Tong GL, Varner GS, Wang F, Wang L, Wang LS, Wang LZ, Wang P, Wang PL, Wang SM, Wang YY, Wang ZY, Weaver M, Wei CL, Wu N, Wu YG, Xi DM, Xia XM, Xie Y, Xie YH, Xu GF, Xue ST, Yan J, Yan WG, Yang CM, Yang CY, Yang HX, Yang W, Yang XF, Ye MH, Ye SW, Ye YX, Yu CS, Yu CX, Yu GW, Yu YH, Yu ZQ, Yuan CZ, Yuan Y, Zhang BY, Zhang C, Zhang CC, Zhang DH, Zhang D, Zhang HL, Zhang J, Zhang JW, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang LS, Zhang P, Zhang QJ, Zhang SQ, Zhang XY, Zhang YY, Zhao DX, Zhao HW, Zhao J, Zhao JW, Zhao M, Zhao WR, Zhao ZG, Zheng JP, Zheng LS, Zheng ZP, Zhou BQ, Zhou L, Zhu KJ, Zhu QM, Zhu YC, Zhu YS, Zhu ZA, Zhuang BA. Measurement ofψ(2S)decays to baryon pairs. Int J Clin Exp Med 2001. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.63.032002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Mirza UA, Liu YH, Tang JT, Porter F, Bondoc L, Chen G, Pramanik BN, Nagabhushan TL. Extraction and characterization of adenovirus proteins from sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2000; 11:356-361. [PMID: 10757173 DOI: 10.1016/s1044-0305(00)00101-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A new methodology for the extraction and characterization of proteins from Coomassie-stained sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) has been described. The utility of this methodology was demonstrated in the characterization of adenovirus proteins. The key steps in the extraction and destaining process involve washing the excised band with a combination of solvents that include 10% acetic acid, acetonitrile, methanol, and formic acid:water:isopropanol mixture. By using this procedure, we determined adenovirus proteins with molecular weights ranging from 10,000 to 110,000 Da by MALDI-MS, obtaining a detection limit of approximately 6 pmol. Parallel experiments were successfully carried out to analyze adenovirus proteins from Cu-stained gels. It was observed that increase in laser intensity resulted in significant improvements in the quality of MALDI mass spectra for the analysis of inefficiently destained proteins from Cu-stained gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- U A Mirza
- Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, USA.
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Abstract
Critical analysis of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for recurrent miscarriage An alloimmune abnormality is believed to be the cause of recurrent miscarriage in couples in whom no other cause can be identified. Because of its immunosuppressive properties, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is used as a treatment for this disorder. The purpose of this study was to determine whether IVIG improves the chance of successful pregnancy in women with recurrent miscarriage by using individual patient data from efficacy trials. Detailed information on each patient enrolled in these trials was obtained to evaluate the efficacy of IVIG and investigate the effect of clinical variability on pregnancy outcome. Data from 125 patients in the IVIG group and 115 patients in the placebo group were available for analysis. Although the number of previous miscarriages and female age were both negative prognostic factors for successful outcome, there was no significant improvement in successful pregnancy or live birth rate with IVIG. Subgroup analyses indicated that timing of IVIG administration may be important. The results of the present study highlight the importance of stratification for known confounders, so that the role of IVIG can be evaluated in more detail. The collective evidence thus far indicates that IVIG does not have a therapeutic effect that is clinically meaningful.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Daya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Porter F, Smyth I. Gender training for development practitioners: Only a partial solution. Gender & Development 1998; 6:59-64. [PMID: 12294048 DOI: 10.1080/741922724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Liese JG, Meschievitz CK, Harzer E, Froeschle J, Hosbach P, Hoppe JE, Porter F, Stojanov S, Niinivaara K, Walker AM, Belohradsky BH. Efficacy of a two-component acellular pertussis vaccine in infants. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1997; 16:1038-44. [PMID: 9384336 DOI: 10.1097/00006454-199711000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This case-control study investigated the protective efficacy against pertussis of three doses of a two-component acellular pertussis vaccine (manufactured by Biken in Japan) combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (manufactured by Connaught Laboratories in the US) in infants. METHODS A case-control study was performed in 63 pediatric practices in Germany. Prospective recruitment of 16,780 infants ages 6 to 17 weeks took place between February, 1993, and July, 1994. According to parental choice infants received either Biken acellular pertussis vaccine combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids (DTacP) (74.6%) at approximately 2, 4 and 6 months of age, or a licensed German diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-whole cell pertussis vaccine (10.9%), diphtheria-tetanus toxoids vaccine (12.5%) or no vaccine (2.0%). Prospective surveillance of pertussis cases between February, 1993, and May, 1995, was accomplished by culturing all infants < or =2 years of age presenting with cough > or = 7 days. A pertussis case was defined as any cough of 21 days or longer plus a positive Bordetella pertussis culture or household contact exposure. RESULTS We identified 241 pertussis cases prospectively by 11,017 B. pertussis cultures and 949 controls matched for age were selected from the same pediatric practices. Medical history and demographic and vaccine status data were collected from each case and for four controls. Data were analyzed through conditional logistic regression taking into account individual matching and adjusting for potential confounding variables. DTacP combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids vaccine was 82% protective (95% confidence interval, 68 to 90), diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-whole cell pertussis vaccine was 96% protective (95% confidence interval, 78 to 99). Protection against typical B. pertussis infection characterized by paroxysmal cough lasting > or =21 days was 96% (95% confidence interval, 87 to 99) for DTacP and was 97% (95% confidence interval, 79 to 100) for diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-whole cell pertussis vaccine. Adjustment for potentially confounding variables did not change the results significantly. CONCLUSIONS Three doses of the two-component acellular pertussis vaccine protected infants against pertussis disease during the period before the recommended booster vaccination. For typical pertussis disease as defined by the WHO efficacy was high and similar to that of a licensed German diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-whole cell pertussis vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Liese
- Universitäts-Kinderklinik im Dr. v. Haunerschen Kinderspital, Munich, Germany
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Bai JZ, Bardon O, Blum I, Breakstone A, Burnett T, Chen GP, Chen HF, Chen J, Chen SM, Chen Y, Chen YB, Chen YQ, Cheng BS, Cowan RF, Cui XZ, Ding HL, Du ZZ, Dunwoodie W, Fan XL, Fang J, Fero M, Gao CS, Gao ML, Gao SQ, Gratton P, Gu JH, Gu SD, Gu WX, Gu YF, Guo YN, Han SW, Han Y, Harris FA, Hatanaka M, He J, He M, Hitlin DG, Hu GY, Hu T, Hu XQ, Huang DQ, Huang YZ, Izen JM, Jia QP, Jiang CH, Jin S, Jin Y, Jones L, Kang SH, Ke ZJ, Kelsey MH, Kim BK, Kong D, Lai YF, Lan HB, Lang PF, Lankford A, Li F, Li J, Li PQ, Li Q, Li RB, Li W, Li WD, Li WG, Li XH, Li XN, Lin SZ, Liu HM, Liu J, Liu JH, Liu Q, Liu RG, Liu Y, Liu ZA, Lou XC, Lowery B, Lu JG, Luo SQ, Luo Y, Ma AM, Ma EC, Ma JM, Mao HS, Mao ZP, Malchow R, Mandelkern M, Meng XC, Ni HL, Nie J, Olsen SL, Oyang J, Paluselli D, Pan LJ, Panetta J, Porter F, Prabhakar E, Qi ND, Que YK, Quigley J, Rong G, Schernau M, Schmid B, Schultz J, Shao YY, Shen BW, Shen DL, Shen H, Shen XY, Sheng HY, Shi HZ, Shi XR, Smith A, Soderstrom E, Song XF, Standifird J, Stoker D, Sun F, Sun HS, Sun SJ, Synodinos J, Tan YP, Tang SQ, Toki W, Tong GL, Torrence E, Wang F, Wang LS, Wang LZ, Wang M, Wang P, Wang PL, Wang SM, Wang TJ, Wang YY, Wei CL, Whittaker S, Wilson R, Wisniewski WJ, Xi DM, Xia XM, Xie PP, Xiong WJ, Xu DZ, Xu RS, Xu ZQ, Xue ST, Yamamoto R, Yan J, Yan WG, Yang CM, Yang CY, Yang J, Yang W, Ye MH, Ye SW, Ye SZ, Young K, Yu CS, Yu CX, Yu ZQ, Yuan CZ, Zhang BY, Zhang CC, Zhang DH, Zhang HL, Zhang J, Zhang JW, Zhang LS, Zhang SQ, Zhang Y, Zhang YY, Zhao DX, Zhao HW, Zhao JW, Zhao M, Zhao PD, Zhao WR, Zheng JP, Zheng LS, Zheng ZP, Zhou GP, Zhou HS, Zhou L, Zhou XF, Zhou YH, Zhu QM, Zhu YC, Zhu YS, Zhuang BA, Zioulas G. Search for a vector glueball by a scan of the J/ psi resonance. Phys Rev D Part Fields 1996; 54:1221-1224. [PMID: 10020592 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.54.1221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Porter F. Pain in the newborn. Clin Perinatol 1989; 16:549-64. [PMID: 2663315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews historic assumptions about newborns that have influenced the clinical management of pain in the newborn. These are discussed in light of more recent evidence that newborns not only experience pain but that their responses to pain may compromise their medical status and development. Currently available techniques for assessing newborn pain are considered with special emphasis on an objective clinical index of newborn pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Porter
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Porter F. What is "Sterile Blood"? West J Med 1942. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.4271.587-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Porter F. NATIONAL INSURANCE AND UNALLOCATED PERSONS. West J Med 1919. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.3061.290-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Porter F. SCOTTISH NON-PANEL DOCTORS AND A MINISTRY OF HEALTH. West J Med 1917. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.2967.634-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Porter F. SIR JAMES BARR AND THE INSURANCE ACT. West J Med 1912. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.2666.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Porter F. SIR JAMES BARR AND THE INSURANCE ACT. West J Med 1912. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.2664.160-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Porter F. Induced Division of Human Lymphocytes. West J Med 1911. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.2614.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Porter F. ON THE INFLUENCE OF SANATORIUM TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS. West J Med 1910. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.2583.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Porter F. PNEUMOCOCCUS INVASION OF THE THROAT. West J Med 1909. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.2531.48-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Porter F. OBSERVATIONS ON BLOOD FILMS, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE PRESENCE OF HAEMOCONIA. West J Med 1907; 2:1773-4. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.2451.1773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Porter F. Professor Koch's Address. West J Med 1901. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.2120.437-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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