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Skhirtladze L, Keruckiene R, Bezvikonnyi O, Mahmoudi M, Volyniuk D, Leitonas K, Ghasemi M, Simokaitiene J, Nasir FHA, Ariffin A, Grazulevicius JV. Switching thermally activated delayed fluorescence to room temperature phosphorescence for oxygen sensing: Effect of donor substituents of trifluoromethylphenyl. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2024; 306:123531. [PMID: 37890326 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Two compounds consisting of electron-accepting trifluoromethylphenyl moiety and electron-donating phenoxazine and phenothiazine moieties were designed and synthesized via Buchwald-Hartwig coupling reaction. Thermal, photophysical, and electrochemical properties of the compounds are discussed. Only compound with phenothiazine form molecular glass, with glass transition temperatures of 90 °C. The geometry and electronic characteristics of the compounds were substantiated within density functional theory (DFT). 10,10'-(2-(Trifluoromethyl)-1,4-phenylene)bis(10H-phenoxazine) shows efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence with high spin-orbit coupling values. 10,10'-(2-(Trifluoromethyl)-1,4-phenylene)bis(10H-phenothiazine) as efficient room-temperature phosphor shows high oxygen sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levani Skhirtladze
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Rasa Keruckiene
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Oleksandr Bezvikonnyi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania; Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu˛ st. 50, LT-51369 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Malek Mahmoudi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dmytro Volyniuk
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Karolis Leitonas
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Melika Ghasemi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurate Simokaitiene
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Farah Hannan Abd Nasir
- Low Dimensional Materials Research Centre (LDMRC), Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azhar Ariffin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Juozas V Grazulevicius
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko st. 59, LT-51423 Kaunas, Lithuania
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