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Johnson JO, Chia R, Miller DE, Li R, Kumaran R, Abramzon Y, Alahmady N, Renton AE, Topp SD, Gibbs JR, Cookson MR, Sabir MS, Dalgard CL, Troakes C, Jones AR, Shatunov A, Iacoangeli A, Al Khleifat A, Ticozzi N, Silani V, Gellera C, Blair IP, Dobson-Stone C, Kwok JB, Bonkowski ES, Palvadeau R, Tienari PJ, Morrison KE, Shaw PJ, Al-Chalabi A, Brown RH, Calvo A, Mora G, Al-Saif H, Gotkine M, Leigh F, Chang IJ, Perlman SJ, Glass I, Scott AI, Shaw CE, Basak AN, Landers JE, Chiò A, Crawford TO, Smith BN, Traynor BJ. Association of Variants in the SPTLC1 Gene With Juvenile Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. JAMA Neurol 2021; 78:1236-1248. [PMID: 34459874 PMCID: PMC8406220 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.2598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Importance Juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare form of ALS characterized by age of symptom onset less than 25 years and a variable presentation. Objective To identify the genetic variants associated with juvenile ALS. Design, Setting, and Participants In this multicenter family-based genetic study, trio whole-exome sequencing was performed to identify the disease-associated gene in a case series of unrelated patients diagnosed with juvenile ALS and severe growth retardation. The patients and their family members were enrolled at academic hospitals and a government research facility between March 1, 2016, and March 13, 2020, and were observed until October 1, 2020. Whole-exome sequencing was also performed in a series of patients with juvenile ALS. A total of 66 patients with juvenile ALS and 6258 adult patients with ALS participated in the study. Patients were selected for the study based on their diagnosis, and all eligible participants were enrolled in the study. None of the participants had a family history of neurological disorders, suggesting de novo variants as the underlying genetic mechanism. Main Outcomes and Measures De novo variants present only in the index case and not in unaffected family members. Results Trio whole-exome sequencing was performed in 3 patients diagnosed with juvenile ALS and their parents. An additional 63 patients with juvenile ALS and 6258 adult patients with ALS were subsequently screened for variants in the SPTLC1 gene. De novo variants in SPTLC1 (p.Ala20Ser in 2 patients and p.Ser331Tyr in 1 patient) were identified in 3 unrelated patients diagnosed with juvenile ALS and failure to thrive. A fourth variant (p.Leu39del) was identified in a patient with juvenile ALS where parental DNA was unavailable. Variants in this gene have been previously shown to be associated with autosomal-dominant hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy, type 1A, by disrupting an essential enzyme complex in the sphingolipid synthesis pathway. Conclusions and Relevance These data broaden the phenotype associated with SPTLC1 and suggest that patients presenting with juvenile ALS should be screened for variants in this gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janel O. Johnson
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ruth Chia
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Danny E. Miller
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Rachel Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Richmond at VCU, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Ravindran Kumaran
- Cell Biology and Gene Expression Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yevgeniya Abramzon
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Reta Lila Weston Institute, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nada Alahmady
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Biology, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alan E. Renton
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Simon D. Topp
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J. Raphael Gibbs
- Computational Biology Group, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mark R. Cookson
- Reta Lila Weston Institute, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marya S. Sabir
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Clifton L. Dalgard
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology & Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
- The American Genome Center, Collaborative Health Initiative Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Claire Troakes
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley R. Jones
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksey Shatunov
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alfredo Iacoangeli
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmad Al Khleifat
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Ticozzi
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Department of Neurology–Stroke Unit and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, “Dino Ferrari” Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Department of Neurology–Stroke Unit and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, “Dino Ferrari” Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Gellera
- Unit of Genetics of Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico ‘Carlo Besta,’ Milan, Italy
| | - Ian P. Blair
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Carol Dobson-Stone
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre and School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Camperdown, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - John B. Kwok
- The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre and School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Camperdown, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Emily S. Bonkowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Robin Palvadeau
- Suna and Inan Kırac Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, KUTTAM, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pentti J. Tienari
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and Translational Immunology Programme, Biomedicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Karen E. Morrison
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela J. Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurology, King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert H. Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester
| | - Andrea Calvo
- ALS Center, ‘Rita Levi Montalcini’ Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Hind Al-Saif
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Richmond at VCU, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Marc Gotkine
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah Medical Organization and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Fawn Leigh
- Department of Neurology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Irene J. Chang
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Seth J. Perlman
- Department of Neurology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Ian Glass
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Anna I. Scott
- Department of Laboratories, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Christopher E. Shaw
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A. Nazli Basak
- Suna and Inan Kırac Foundation, Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, KUTTAM, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - John E. Landers
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester
| | - Adriano Chiò
- ALS Center, ‘Rita Levi Montalcini’ Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Neurology 1, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Thomas O. Crawford
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bradley N. Smith
- Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bryan J. Traynor
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Reta Lila Weston Institute, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland
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Leigh F, Ferlini A, Biggar D, Bushby K, Finkel R, Morgenroth LP, Wagner KR. Neurology Care, Diagnostics, and Emerging Therapies of the Patient With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Pediatrics 2018; 142:S5-S16. [PMID: 30275245 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-0333c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most common form of childhood muscular dystrophy. A mutation in the DMD gene disrupts dystrophin (protein) production, causing damage to muscle integrity, weakness, loss of ambulation, and cardiopulmonary compromise by the second decade of life. Life expectancy has improved from mid-teenage years to mid-20s with the use of glucocorticoids and beyond the third decade with ventilator support and multidisciplinary care. However, Duchenne muscular dystrophy is associated with comorbidities and is a fatal disease. Glucocorticoids prolong ambulation, but their side effects are significant. Emerging investigational therapies have surfaced over the past decade and have rapidly been tested in clinical trials. Gene-specific strategies include nonsense readthrough, exon skipping, gene editing, utrophin modulation, and gene replacement. Other mechanisms include muscle regeneration, antioxidants, and antifibrosis and anti-inflammatory pathways. With potential therapies emerging, early diagnosis is needed to initiate treatment early enough to minimize morbidity and mortality. Newborn screening can be used to significantly improve early diagnosis, especially for gene-specific therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawn Leigh
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; .,Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Doug Biggar
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katharine Bushby
- John Walton Centre for Muscular Dystrophy Research, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Kathryn R Wagner
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland; and.,School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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Paganoni S, Nicholson K, Leigh F, Swoboda K, Chad D, Drake K, Haley K, Cudkowicz M, Berry JD. Developing multidisciplinary clinics for neuromuscular care and research. Muscle Nerve 2017. [PMID: 28632945 PMCID: PMC5656914 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multidisciplinary care is considered the standard of care for both adult and pediatric neuromuscular disorders and has been associated with improved quality of life, resource utilization, and health outcomes. Multidisciplinary care is delivered in multidisciplinary clinics that coordinate care across multiple specialties by reducing travel burden and streamlining care. In addition, the multidisciplinary care setting facilitates the integration of clinical research, patient advocacy, and care innovation (e.g., telehealth). Yet, multidisciplinary care requires substantial commitment of staff time and resources. We calculated personnel costs in our ALS clinic in 2015 and found an average cost per patient visit of $580, of which only 45% was covered by insurance reimbursement. In this review, we will describe classic and emerging concepts in multidisciplinary care models for adult and pediatric neuromuscular disease. We will then explore the financial impact of multidisciplinary care with emphasis on sustainability and metrics to demonstrate quality and value. Muscle Nerve 56: 848-858, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Paganoni
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katie Nicholson
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Fawn Leigh
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathryn Swoboda
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Chad
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kristin Drake
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kellen Haley
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Merit Cudkowicz
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James D Berry
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Neurological Clinical Research Institute (NCRI), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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