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Ganci F, Allegretti M, Frascolla C, Spinella F, Rollo F, Sacconi A, De Pascale V, Palcau AC, Manciocco V, Vescovo M, Cotroneo E, Blandino F, Benevolo M, Covello R, Muti P, Strano S, Vidiri A, Fontemaggi G, Pellini R, Blandino G. Correction: Combined TP53 status in tumor-free resection margins and circulating microRNA profiling predicts the risk of locoregional recurrence in head and neck cancer. Biomark Res 2024; 12:37. [PMID: 38532476 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00582-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ganci
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlotta Frascolla
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Spinella
- Department of Research and Development, Eurofins Genoma Group, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Rollo
- Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- SAFU Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina De Pascale
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Alina Catalina Palcau
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Manciocco
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariavittoria Vescovo
- Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Ettore Cotroneo
- Clinical and Technical Department Management, Eurofins Genoma Group, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Blandino
- Department of Research and Development, Eurofins Genoma Group, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Benevolo
- Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Covello
- Clinical and Technical Department Management, Eurofins Genoma Group, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Muti
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- SAFU Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Vidiri
- Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Fontemaggi
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Raul Pellini
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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Ganci F, Allegretti M, Frascolla C, Spinella F, Rollo F, Sacconi A, Valentina PD, Palcau AC, Manciocco V, Vescovo M, Cotroneo E, Blandino F, Benevolo M, Covello R, Muti P, Strano S, Vidiri A, Fontemaggi G, Pellini R, Blandino G. Combined TP53 status in tumor-free resection margins and circulating microRNA profiling predicts the risk of locoregional recurrence in head and neck cancer. Biomark Res 2024; 12:32. [PMID: 38444004 PMCID: PMC10916059 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00576-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Locoregional recurrences represent a frequently unexpected problem in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Relapse often (10-30%) occurs in patients with histologically negative resection margins (RMs), probably due to residual tumor cells or hidden pre-cancerous lesions in normal mucosa, both missed by histopathological examination. Therefore, definition of a 'clean' or tumor-negative RM is controversial, demanding for novel approaches to be accurately explored. Here, we evaluated next generation sequencing (NGS) and digital PCR (dPCR) as tools to profile TP53 mutational status and circulating microRNA expression aiming at scoring the locoregional risk of recurrence by means of molecular analyses. Serial monitoring of these biomarkers allowed identifying patients at high risk, laying the ground for accurate tracking of disease evolution and potential intensification of post-operative treatments. Additionally, our pipeline demonstrated its applicability into the clinical routine, being cost-effective and feasible in terms of patient sampling, holding promise to accurately (re)-stage RMs in the era of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ganci
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlotta Frascolla
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Spinella
- Department of Research and Development, Eurofins Genoma Group, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Rollo
- Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- SAFU Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Pascale De Valentina
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Alina Catalina Palcau
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Manciocco
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariavittoria Vescovo
- Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Ettore Cotroneo
- Clinical and Technical Department Management, Eurofins Genoma Group, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Blandino
- Department of Research and Development, Eurofins Genoma Group, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Benevolo
- Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Covello
- Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Muti
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- SAFU Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Vidiri
- Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Fontemaggi
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Raul Pellini
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncologic Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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3
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Di Agostino S, Canu V, Donzelli S, Pulito C, Sacconi A, Ganci F, Valenti F, Goeman F, Scalera S, Rollo F, Bagnato A, Diodoro MG, Vizza E, Carosi M, Rufini B, Federici O, Giofrè M, Carboni F, Muti P, Ciliberto G, Strano S, Valle M, Blandino G. HSF-1/miR-145-5p transcriptional axis enhances hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy efficacy on peritoneal ovarian carcinosis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:535. [PMID: 37598177 PMCID: PMC10439938 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06064-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Hyperthermic intraperitoneal administration of chemotherapy (HIPEC) increases local drug concentrations and reduces systemic side effects associated with prolonged adjuvant intraperitoneal exposure in patients affected by either peritoneal malignancies or metastatic diseases originating from gastric, colon, kidney, and ovarian primary tumors. Mechanistically, the anticancer effects of HIPEC have been poorly explored. Herein we documented that HIPEC treatment promoted miR-145-5p expression paired with a significant downregulation of its oncogenic target genes c-MYC, EGFR, OCT4, and MUC1 in a pilot cohort of patients with ovarian peritoneal metastatic lesions. RNA sequencing analyses of ovarian peritoneal metastatic nodules from HIPEC treated patients unveils HSF-1 as a transcriptional regulator factor of miR-145-5p expression. Notably, either depletion of HSF-1 expression or chemical inhibition of its transcriptional activity impaired miR-145-5p tumor suppressor activity and the response to cisplatin in ovarian cancer cell lines incubated at 42 °C. In aggregate, our findings highlight a novel transcriptional network involving HSF-1, miR145-5p, MYC, EGFR, MUC1, and OCT4 whose proper activity contributes to HIPEC anticancer efficacy in the treatment of ovarian metastatic peritoneal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Di Agostino
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valeria Canu
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Donzelli
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Pulito
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Ganci
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Valenti
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Frauke Goeman
- SAFU Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Scalera
- SAFU Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Rollo
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Bagnato
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Diodoro
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Vizza
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariantonia Carosi
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Rufini
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Orietta Federici
- Department of Digestive Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuel Giofrè
- Department of Digestive Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Carboni
- Department of Digestive Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Muti
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- SAFU Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Valle
- Department of Digestive Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncology Research Unit, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
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Michael D, Feldmesser E, Gonen C, Furth N, Maman A, Heyman O, Argoetti A, Tofield A, Baichman-Kass A, Ben-Dov A, Benbenisti D, Hen N, Rotkopf R, Ganci F, Blandino G, Ulitsky I, Oren M. miR-4734 conditionally suppresses ER stress-associated proinflammatory responses. FEBS Lett 2022; 597:1233-1245. [PMID: 36445168 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged metabolic stress can lead to severe pathologies. In metabolically challenged primary fibroblasts, we assigned a novel role for the poorly characterized miR-4734 in restricting ATF4 and IRE1-mediated upregulation of a set of proinflammatory cytokines and endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated genes. Conversely, inhibition of this miRNA augmented the expression of those genes. Mechanistically, miR-4734 was found to restrict the expression of the transcriptional activator NF-kappa-B inhibitor zeta (NFKBIZ), which is required for optimal expression of the proinflammatory genes and whose mRNA is targeted directly by miR-4734. Concordantly, overexpression of NFKBIZ compromised the effects of miR-4734, underscoring the importance of this direct targeting. As the effects of miR-4734 were evident under stress but not under basal conditions, it may possess therapeutic utility towards alleviating stress-induced pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Michael
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.,Feinberg Graduate School, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ester Feldmesser
- Life Science Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Chagay Gonen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Furth
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alexander Maman
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ori Heyman
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Amir Argoetti
- Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Adin Tofield
- School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Amichai Baichman-Kass
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Aviyah Ben-Dov
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dan Benbenisti
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nadav Hen
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ron Rotkopf
- Life Science Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Federica Ganci
- IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Igor Ulitsky
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Moshe Oren
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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5
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Campo F, Matteo A, Paolini F, De Pascale V, Ganci F, Blandino G, Pellini R, Venuti A. P05 Study of viral Biomarkers and MicroRNAs in HPV-associated Oropharyngeal cancer and cancer of unknown primary. Oral Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.106144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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6
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Iaiza A, Tito C, Ganci F, Sacconi A, Gallo E, Masciarelli S, Fontemaggi G, Fatica A, Melis E, Petrozza V, Venuta F, Marino M, Blandino G, Fazi F. Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Cell Fate Determination of Neoplastic Thymic Epithelial Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:867181. [PMID: 35529877 PMCID: PMC9073009 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.867181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymic Epithelial Tumors (TETs) arise from epithelial cells of the thymus and are very rare neoplasms comprising Thymoma, Thymic carcinoma, and Thymic Neuroendocrine tumors that still require in-depth molecular characterization. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as relevant gene expression modulators involved in the deregulation of several networks in almost all types of human cancer, including TETs. LncRNAs act at different control levels in the regulation of gene expression, from transcription to translation, and modulate several pathways relevant to cell fate determination under normal and pathological conditions. The activity of lncRNAs is strongly dependent on their expression, localization, and post-transcriptional modifications. Starting from our recently published studies, this review focuses on the involvement of lncRNAs in the acquisition of malignant traits by neoplastic thymic epithelial cells, and describes the possible use of these molecules as targets for the design of novel therapeutic approaches specific for TET. Furthermore, the involvement of lncRNAs in myasthenia gravis (MG)-related thymoma, which is still under investigation, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Iaiza
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Tito
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Ganci
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Enzo Gallo
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Masciarelli
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Histology and Embryology Unit, Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Fontemaggi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fatica
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘Charles Darwin’, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Melis
- Thoracic Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Petrozza
- Pathology Unit, ICOT, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Federico Venuta
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirella Marino
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Francesco Fazi, ; Giovanni Blandino, ; Mirella Marino,
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Francesco Fazi, ; Giovanni Blandino, ; Mirella Marino,
| | - Francesco Fazi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Francesco Fazi, ; Giovanni Blandino, ; Mirella Marino,
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Dinami R, Petti E, Porru M, Rizzo A, Ganci F, Sacconi A, Ostano P, Chiorino G, Trusolino L, Blandino G, Ciliberto G, Zizza P, Biroccio A. TRF2 cooperates with CTCF for controlling the oncomiR-193b-3p in colorectal cancer. Cancer Lett 2022; 533:215607. [PMID: 35240232 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Telomeric Repeat binding Factor 2 (TRF2), a key protein involved in telomere integrity, is over-expressed in several human cancers and promotes tumor formation and progression. Recently, TRF2 has been also found outside telomeres where it can affect gene expression. Here we provide evidence that TRF2 is able to modulate the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs altered in human tumors. Among the miRNAs regulated by TRF2, we focused on miR-193b-3p, an oncomiRNA that positively correlates with TRF2 expression in human colorectal cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. At the mechanistic level, the control of miR-193b-3p expression requires the cooperative activity between TRF2 and the chromatin organization factor CTCF. We found that CTCF physically interacts with TRF2, thus driving the proper positioning of TRF2 on a binding site located upstream the miR-193b-3p host-gene. The binding of TRF2 on the identified region is necessary for promoting the expression of miR-193b3p which, in turn, inhibits the translation of the onco-suppressive methyltransferase SUV39H1 and promotes tumor cell proliferation. The translational relevance of the oncogenic properties of miR-193b-3p was confirmed in patients, in whom the association between TRF2 and miR-193b-3p has a prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Dinami
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Eleonora Petti
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Manuela Porru
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Angela Rizzo
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Federica Ganci
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Paola Ostano
- Cancer Genomics Lab, Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia, via Malta 3, Biella, 13900, Italy
| | - Giovanna Chiorino
- Cancer Genomics Lab, Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia, via Malta 3, Biella, 13900, Italy
| | - Livio Trusolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Strada Provinciale 142, Candiolo, TO, 10060, Italy; Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Strada Provinciale 142, Candiolo, TO, 10060, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Pasquale Zizza
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Biroccio
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, 00144, Italy.
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8
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Iaiza A, Tito C, Ianniello Z, Ganci F, Laquintana V, Gallo E, Sacconi A, Masciarelli S, De Angelis L, Aversa S, Diso D, Anile M, Petrozza V, Facciolo F, Melis E, Pescarmona E, Venuta F, Marino M, Blandino G, Fontemaggi G, Fatica A, Fazi F. METTL3-dependent MALAT1 delocalization drives c-Myc induction in thymic epithelial tumors. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:173. [PMID: 34530916 PMCID: PMC8447796 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01159-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are rare neoplasms, originating from epithelial thymic cells. The oncogenic potential of these rare neoplasms is still largely undefined, and a deeper molecular characterization could result in a relevant advance in their management, greatly improving diagnosis, prognosis and treatment choice. Deregulation of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification, catalyzed by the METTL3/METTL14 methyltransferase complex, is emerging as a relevant event in cell differentiation and carcinogenesis. Various studies have reported that altered expression of METTL3 is associated with an aggressive malignant phenotype and favors migration and invasiveness, but its role in Thymic Tumors remains unknown. RESULTS In this study, we characterized that METTL3 contributes to Thymic Epithelial Tumor phenotype. We evidenced that METTL3 is overexpressed in tumor tissue compared to normal counterpart. Silencing of METTL3 expression in thymic carcinoma cells results in reduced cell proliferation and overall translation rate. Of note, METTL3 is responsible for the induction of c-MYC expression in TET cells. Specifically, high expression of c-MYC protein is enabled by lncRNA MALAT1, which is methylated and delocalized by METTL3. Interestingly, blocking of c-MYC by using JQ1 inhibitor cooperates with METTL3 depletion in the inhibition of proliferation and induction of cell death. CONCLUSION This study highlighted METTL3 as a tumor promoter in Thymic tumors and c-MYC as a promising target to be exploited for the treatment of TET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Iaiza
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Via A. Scarpa, 14-16, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Tito
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Via A. Scarpa, 14-16, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Zaira Ianniello
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Ganci
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IFO, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Laquintana
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Enzo Gallo
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IFO, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Masciarelli
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Via A. Scarpa, 14-16, 00161, Rome, Italy.,Histology and Embryology Section, Department of Life Science and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciana De Angelis
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Via A. Scarpa, 14-16, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Aversa
- Pathology Unit, ICOT, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Daniele Diso
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Anile
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Petrozza
- Pathology Unit, ICOT, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Francesco Facciolo
- Thoracic Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IFO, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Melis
- Thoracic Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IFO, Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Pescarmona
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Venuta
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirella Marino
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IFO, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Fontemaggi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute - IFO, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fatica
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro, 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesco Fazi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Via A. Scarpa, 14-16, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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9
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Ganci F, Allegretti M, Manciocco V, Fiorentino F, Sanguineti G, Giacomini P, Pellini R, Spinella F, Blandino G. Two distinct TP53 mutations in HNSCC primary tumor: Only one circulates in the blood. Oral Oncol 2020; 115:105096. [PMID: 33234482 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.105096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ganci
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Matteo Allegretti
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Valentina Manciocco
- Otolaryngology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Sanguineti
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Patrizio Giacomini
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Raul Pellini
- Otolaryngology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Francesca Spinella
- Eurofins Genoma Group Srl, Via di Castel Giubileo, 11, 00138 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi, 53, Rome 00144, Italy.
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10
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Tito C, Ganci F, Sacconi A, Masciarelli S, Fontemaggi G, Pulito C, Gallo E, Laquintana V, Iaiza A, De Angelis L, Benedetti A, Cacciotti J, Miglietta S, Bellenghi M, Carè A, Fatica A, Diso D, Anile M, Petrozza V, Facciolo F, Alessandrini G, Pescarmona E, Venuta F, Marino M, Blandino G, Fazi F. LINC00174 is a novel prognostic factor in thymic epithelial tumors involved in cell migration and lipid metabolism. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:959. [PMID: 33161413 PMCID: PMC7648846 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03171-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs are emerging as new molecular players involved in many biological processes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, and differentiation. Their aberrant expression has been reported in variety of diseases. The aim of this study is the identification and functional characterization of clinically relevant lncRNAs responsible for the inhibition of miR-145-5p, a key tumor suppressor in thymic epithelial tumors (TETs). Starting from gene expression analysis by microarray in a cohort of fresh frozen thymic tumors and normal tissues, we identified LINC00174 as upregulated in TET. Interestingly, LINC00174 expression is positively correlated with a 5-genes signature in TETs. Survival analyses, performed on the TCGA dataset, showed that LINC00174 and its associated 5-genes signature are prognostic in TETs. Specifically, we show that LINC00174 favors the expression of SYBU, FEM1B, and SCD5 genes by sponging miR-145-5p, a well-known tumor suppressor microRNA downregulated in a variety of tumors, included TETs. Functionally, LINC00174 impacts on cell migration and lipid metabolism. Specifically, SCD5, one of the LINC00174-associated genes, is implicated in the control of lipid metabolism and promotes thymic cancer cells migration. Our study highlights that LINC00174 and its associated gene signature are relevant prognostic indicators in TETs. Of note, we here show that a key controller of lipid metabolism, SCD5, augments the migration ability of TET cells, creating a link between lipids and motility, and highlighting these pathways as relevant targets for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for TET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Tito
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology & Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Ganci
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Masciarelli
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology & Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy.,Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Fontemaggi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Pulito
- Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute - IFO, Rome, Italy
| | - Enzo Gallo
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Laquintana
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Iaiza
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology & Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciana De Angelis
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology & Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Benedetti
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology & Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Cacciotti
- Pathology Unit, ICOT, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Selenia Miglietta
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Human Anatomy, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Bellenghi
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Oncology Unit-Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Carè
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Oncology Unit-Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fatica
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Diso
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Anile
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Petrozza
- Pathology Unit, ICOT, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Francesco Facciolo
- Thoracic Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Edoardo Pescarmona
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Venuta
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirella Marino
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesco Fazi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology & Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy.
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11
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Melis E, Gallo E, di Martino S, Gallina FT, Laquintana V, Casini B, Visca P, Ganci F, Alessandrini G, Caterino M, Cecere FL, Mandoj C, Papadantonakis A, De Bello N, Lattanzio R, Palmieri G, Garassino MC, Girard N, Conti L, Blandino G, Fazi F, Facciolo F, Pescarmona E, Ciliberto G, Marino M. Thymic Epithelial Tumors as a Model of Networking: Development of a Synergistic Strategy for Clinical and Translational Research Purposes. Front Oncol 2020; 10:922. [PMID: 32760665 PMCID: PMC7372300 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the group of thymic epithelial tumors (TET), thymomas often show either uncertain or explicit malignant biological behavior, local invasiveness, and intrathoracic relapse and are often difficult to manage. From the initial stages, thymic carcinomas tend to show aggressive behavior and extrathoracic spread. Moreover, the interplay of epithelial cells and thymocytes in thymomas causes complex immune derangement and related systemic autoimmune diseases. Due to their rare occurrence and to the limited funding opportunities available for rare tumors, it is challenging to make advances in clinical and translational research in TET. The authors of this paper are all members of a multidisciplinary clinical and research thoracic tumor team. Strong input was given to the team by long-standing expertise in TET in the Pathology Department. In addition, thanks to the collaboration between research units at our Institute as well as to national collaborations, over the last 10 years we were able to perform several tissue-based research studies. The most recent studies focused on microRNA and on functional studies on the thymic carcinoma cell line 1889c. The recent implementation of our biobank now provides us with a new tool for networking collaborative research activities. Moreover, the participation in a worldwide community such as ITMIG (International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group) has allowed us to significantly contribute toward fundamental projects/research both in tissue-based studies (The Cancer Genome Atlas) and in clinical studies (TNM staging of TET). Our achievements derive from constant commitment and long-standing experience in diagnosis and research in TET. New perspectives opened up due to the establishment of national [the Italian Collaborative Group for ThYmic MalignanciEs (TYME)] and European reference networks such as EURACAN, for an empowered joint clinical action in adult solid rare tumors. The challenge we face still lies in the advancement of clinical and basic science in thymic epithelial malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Melis
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Enzo Gallo
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona di Martino
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Laquintana
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Casini
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Visca
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Ganci
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Caterino
- Radiology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Mandoj
- Clinical Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Nicoletta De Bello
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossano Lattanzio
- University “G. d'Annunzio,” Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), Chieti, Italy
| | - Giovannella Palmieri
- Scientific Direction, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Rare Tumors Reference Center, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Chiara Garassino
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Division of Medical Oncology, Foundation IRCCS–Italian National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicolas Girard
- Institut du Thorax Curie-Montsouris, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Laura Conti
- Clinical Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fazi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology & Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Instituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Facciolo
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Pescarmona
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirella Marino
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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12
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Donzelli S, Farneti A, Marucci L, Ganci F, Sacconi A, Strano S, Sanguineti G, Blandino G. Non-coding RNAs as Putative Biomarkers of Cancer-Associated Cachexia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:257. [PMID: 32373612 PMCID: PMC7187787 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cachexia is a complex metabolic syndrome that determines a severe body weight loss characterized by a marked reduction in muscle mass. About 80% of patients with advanced cancer develop cachexia due to both the tumor itself and cancer treatment (radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy), which is associated to a worse prognosis. Despite its clinical relevance, this syndrome is still under-diagnosed and it lacks effective treatments. Radio-chemotherapy treatment is essential in patients with advanced head and neck cancers (HNSCC). Although this treatment has improved patients' life expectancy, it has also dramatically increased their need for assistance and support. The management of adverse symptoms, including cachexia, is of great importance in order to avoid delays in therapy, reduction of dosages and hospitalizations. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules, which have emerged as powerful biomarkers in stratifying human cancers. Due to their high stability in body fluids, miRNAs might be excellent non-invasive biomarkers for the early detection and follow-up of cancer patients. Here, we will summarize the current knowledge and debate the strong need to identify circulating biomarkers for the early diagnosis of cachexia. We will propose circulating non-coding RNAs as biomarkers for detecting early cachexia and implementing specific treatment. We will also discuss the potential use of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of cachexia in HNSCC patients' blood samples collected before and after radio-chemotherapy treatment. Our intent is to pave the way to the identification of specific circulating miRNAs associated to cachexia occurrence and to the design of specific interventions aimed at improving the quality of life of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Donzelli
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Farneti
- Radiotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Marucci
- Radiotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Ganci
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- UOSD Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- SAFU Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sanguineti
- Radiotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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13
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Ganci F, Pulito C, Valsoni S, Sacconi A, Turco C, Vahabi M, Manciocco V, Mazza EMC, Meens J, Karamboulas C, Nichols AC, Covello R, Pellini R, Spriano G, Sanguineti G, Muti P, Bicciato S, Ailles L, Strano S, Fontemaggi G, Blandino G. PI3K Inhibitors Curtail MYC-Dependent Mutant p53 Gain-of-Function in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:2956-2971. [PMID: 31969334 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-2485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mutation of TP53 gene is a hallmark of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) not yet exploited therapeutically. TP53 mutation frequently leads to the synthesis of mutant p53 proteins with gain-of-function activity, associated with radioresistance and high incidence of local recurrences in HNSCC. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Mutant p53-associated functions were investigated through gene set enrichment analysis in the Cancer Genome Atlas cohort of HNSCC and in a panel of 22 HNSCC cell lines. Mutant p53-dependent transcripts were analyzed in HNSCC cell line Cal27, carrying mutant p53H193L; FaDu, carrying p53R248L; and Detroit 562, carrying p53R175H. Drugs impinging on mutant p53-MYC-dependent signature were identified interrogating Connectivity Map (https://clue.io) derived from the Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures (LINCS) database (http://lincs.hms.harvard.edu/) and analyzed in HNSCC cell lines and patient-derived xenografts (PDX) models. RESULTS We identified a signature of transcripts directly controlled by gain-of-function mutant p53 protein and prognostic in HNSCC, which is highly enriched of MYC targets. Specifically, both in PDX and cell lines of HNSCC treated with the PI3Kα-selective inhibitor BYL719 (alpelisib) the downregulation of mutant p53/MYC-dependent signature correlates with response to this compound. Mechanistically, mutant p53 favors the binding of MYC to its target promoters and enhances MYC protein stability. Treatment with BYL719 disrupts the interaction of MYC, mutant p53, and YAP proteins with MYC target promoters. Of note, depletion of MYC, mutant p53, or YAP potentiates the effectiveness of BYL719 treatment. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the blocking of this transcriptional network is an important determinant for the response to BYL719 in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ganci
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Pulito
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Valsoni
- Department of Life Sciences, Center for Genome Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Turco
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Mahrou Vahabi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Manciocco
- Otolaryngology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilia Maria Cristina Mazza
- Department of Life Sciences, Center for Genome Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Jalna Meens
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christina Karamboulas
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony C Nichols
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Renato Covello
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Raul Pellini
- Otolaryngology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Spriano
- Otolaryngology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sanguineti
- Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Muti
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center-McMaster University Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan La Statale, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvio Bicciato
- Department of Life Sciences, Center for Genome Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Laurie Ailles
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Fontemaggi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
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14
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Valenti F, Sacconi A, Ganci F, Grasso G, Strano S, Blandino G, Di Agostino S. The miR-205-5p/BRCA1/RAD17 Axis Promotes Genomic Instability in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091347. [PMID: 31514456 PMCID: PMC6771082 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Defective DNA damage response (DDR) is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. Abrogation of DDR leads to genomic instability, which is one of the most common characteristics of human cancers. TP53 mutations with gain-of-function activity are associated with tumors under high replicative stress, high genomic instability, and reduced patient survival. The BRCA1 and RAD17 genes encode two pivotal DNA repair proteins required for proper cell-cycle regulation and maintenance of genomic stability. We initially evaluated whether miR-205-5p, a microRNA (miRNA) highly expressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), targeted BRCA1 and RAD17 expression. We found that, in vitro and in vivo, BRCA1 and RAD17 are targets of miR-205-5p in HNSCC, leading to inefficient DNA repair and increased chromosomal instability. Conversely, miR-205-5p downregulation increased BRCA1 and RAD17 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels, leading to a reduction in in vivo tumor growth. Interestingly, miR-205-5p expression was significantly anti-correlated with BRCA1 and RAD17 targets. Furthermore, we documented that miR-205-5p expression was higher in tumoral and peritumoral HNSCC tissues than non-tumoral tissues in patients exhibiting reduced local recurrence-free survival. Collectively, these findings unveil miR-205-5p’s notable role in determining genomic instability in HNSCC through its selective targeting of BRCA1 and RAD17 gene expression. High miR-205-5p levels in the peritumoral tissues might be relevant for the early detection of minimal residual disease and pre-cancer molecular alterations involved in tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Valenti
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Ganci
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grasso
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Molecular Chemoprevention Group, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy.
| | - Silvia Di Agostino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Department of Diagnostic Research and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy.
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15
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Vahabi M, Pulito C, Sacconi A, Donzelli S, D'Andrea M, Manciocco V, Pellini R, Paci P, Sanguineti G, Strigari L, Spriano G, Muti P, Pandolfi PP, Strano S, Safarian S, Ganci F, Blandino G. miR-96-5p targets PTEN expression affecting radio-chemosensitivity of HNSCC cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:141. [PMID: 30925916 PMCID: PMC6440033 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1119-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth leading cancer worldwide. They are typically characterized by a high incidence of local recurrence, which is the most common cause of death in HNSCC patients. TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in HNSCC and patients carrying TP53 mutations are associated with a higher probability to develop local recurrence. MiRNAs, which are among the mediators of the oncogenic activity of mt-p53 protein, emerge as an appealing tool for screening, diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. We previously identified a signature of 12 miRNAs whose aberrant expression associated with TP53 mutations and was prognostic for HNSCC. Among them miR-96-5p emerges as an oncogenic miRNAs with prognostic significance in HNSCC. METHODS To evaluate the oncogenic role of miR-96-5p in a tumoral context, we performed colony formation, cell migration and cell viability assays in two HNSCC cell lines transfected for miR-96-5p mimic or inhibitor and treated with or without radio/chemo-therapy. In addition, to identify genes positively and negatively correlated to miR-96-5p expression in HNSCC, we analyzed the correlation between gene expression and miR-96-5p level in the subset of TCGA HNSCC tumors carrying missense TP53 mutations by Spearman and Pearson correlation. To finally identify targets of miR-96-5p, we used in silico analysis and the luciferase reporter assay to confirm PTEN as direct target. RESULTS Our data showed that overexpression of miR-96-5p led to increased cell migration and radio-resistance, chemotherapy resistance in HNSCC cells. In agreement with these results, among the most statistically significant pathways in which miR-96-5p is involved, are focal Adhesion, extracellular matrix organization and PI3K-Akt-mTOR-signaling pathway. As a direct target of miR-96-5p, we identified PTEN, the main negative regulator of PI3K-Akt signalling pathway activation. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight a new mechanism of chemo/radio-resistance insurgence in HNSCC cells and support the possibility that miR-96-5p expression could be used as a novel promising biomarker to predict radiotherapy response and local recurrence development in HNSCC patients. In addition, the identification of pathways in which miR-96-5p is involved could contribute to develop new therapeutic strategies to overcome radio-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrou Vahabi
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.,Cell and Molecular Biology Department, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
| | - Claudio Pulito
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Donzelli
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco D'Andrea
- Unit of Radiotherapy, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Manciocco
- Unit of Otolaryngology, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Raul Pellini
- Unit of Otolaryngology, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Paci
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science "A. Ruberti", National Research Council, Rome, Italy.,SysBio Centre for Systems Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sanguineti
- Unit of Radiotherapy, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Lidia Strigari
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Expert Systems, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paola Muti
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Pier Paolo Pandolfi
- Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Department of Medicine and Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Shahrokh Safarian
- Cell and Molecular Biology Department, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran.
| | - Federica Ganci
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomics and Epigenetics Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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16
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Di Agostino S, Valenti F, Sacconi A, Fontemaggi G, Pallocca M, Pulito C, Ganci F, Muti P, Strano S, Blandino G. Long Non-coding MIR205HG Depletes Hsa-miR-590-3p Leading to Unrestrained Proliferation in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Theranostics 2018; 8:1850-1868. [PMID: 29556360 PMCID: PMC5858504 DOI: 10.7150/thno.22167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 70% of head & neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients carry TP53 oncogenic mutations. Here we studied the role of specific tumor-derived mutant p53 proteins in the aberrant transcription of long non-coding (lnc) MIR205HG gene in head and neck cancer cells. Methods: To understand the role of lncMIR205HG, that we showed to be transcriptionally regulated by mutant p53 in HNSCC, we have employed siRNA and shRNA in CAL27 and FaDu HNSCC cell lines to suppress p53 gene expression in ChIP assays and RT-qPCR. We validated our findings in a cohort of 522 HNSCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas Data Portal (TCGA). We further evaluated our results in 63 HNSCC tumor samples collected at our institute, 32 of which were characterized by mutated TP53 (missense mutations) while 31 were characterized by wild-type TP53. Results: Maturation of pre-MIR205HG transcript produces two non-coding RNAs, lncMIR205HG and hsa-miR-205-5p. Down-regulation of lncMIR205HG expression significantly reduced cell proliferation, cell migration and clonogenic activity of head and neck cancer cells. Expression of MIR205HG was significantly increased in HNSCC with mutated TP53 when compared with matched non-tumoral tissues. Furthermore, MIR205HG expression levels were significantly higher in tumoral samples with mutant p53 than in tumoral tissues expressing wild-type p53. Mechanistically, MIR205HG depletes endogenous miR-590-3p leading to increased cyclin B, cdk1, and YAP protein expression. Conclusions: Taken together, these findings identify a transcriptional and post-transcriptional molecular network that includes mutant p53 protein, lncMIR205HG, YAP, and other proliferation-related genes, which are enriched in HNSCC patients with poor prognosis.
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17
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Muti P, Donzelli S, Sacconi A, Hossain A, Ganci F, Frixa T, Sieri S, Krogh V, Berrino F, Biagioni F, Strano S, Beyene J, Yarden Y, Blandino G. MiRNA-513a-5p inhibits progesterone receptor expression and constitutes a risk factor for breast cancer: the hOrmone and Diet in the ETiology of breast cancer prospective study. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:98-108. [PMID: 29126102 PMCID: PMC6454510 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) might be considered both predictors and players of cancer development. The aim of the present report was to investigate whether many years before the diagnosis of breast cancer miRNA expression is already disregulated. In order to test this hypothesis, we compared miRNAs extracted from leukocytes in healthy women who later developed breast cancer and in women who remain healthy during the whole 15-year follow-up time. Accordantly, we used a case-control study design nested in the hOrmone and Diet in the ETiology of breast cancer (ORDET) prospective cohort study addressing the possibility that miRNAs can serve as both early biomarkers and components of the hormonal etiological pathways leading to breast cancer development in premenopausal women. We compared leukocyte miRNA profiles of 191 incident premenopausal breast cancer cases and profiles of 191 women who remained healthy over a follow-up period of 20 years. The analysis identified 20 differentially expressed miRNAs in women candidate to develop breast cancer versus control women. The upregulated miRNAs, miR-513-a-5p, miR-513b-5p and miR-513c-5p were among the most significantly deregulated miRNAs. In multivariate analysis, miR-513a-5p upregulation was directly and statistically significant associated with breast cancer risk (OR = 1.69; 95% CI 1.08-2.64; P = 0.0293). In addition, the upregulation of miR-513-a-5p displayed the strongest direct association with serum progesterone and testosterone levels. The experimental data corroborated the inhibitory function of miR-513a-5p on progesterone receptor expression confirming that progesterone receptor is a target of miR-513a-5p. The identification of upregulated miR-513a-5p with its oncogenic potential further validates the use of miRNAs as long-term biomarker of breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Muti
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sara Donzelli
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Ahmed Hossain
- The Statistics for Integrative Genomics and Methods Advancement Laboratory, Population Genomics Program, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Federica Ganci
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Tania Frixa
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabina Sieri
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Franco Berrino
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Biagioni
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Molecular Chemoprevention Group, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Joseph Beyene
- The Statistics for Integrative Genomics and Methods Advancement Laboratory, Population Genomics Program, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Yosef Yarden
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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18
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Verduci L, Ferraiuolo M, Sacconi A, Ganci F, Vitale J, Colombo T, Paci P, Strano S, Macino G, Rajewsky N, Blandino G. The oncogenic role of circPVT1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is mediated through the mutant p53/YAP/TEAD transcription-competent complex. Genome Biol 2017; 18:237. [PMID: 29262850 PMCID: PMC5738800 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-017-1368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs are a class of endogenous RNAs with various functions in eukaryotic cells. Worthy of note, circular RNAs play a critical role in cancer. Currently, nothing is known about their role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The identification of circular RNAs in HNSCC might become useful for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in HNSCC. RESULTS Using samples from 115 HNSCC patients, we find that circPVT1 is over-expressed in tumors compared to matched non-tumoral tissues, with particular enrichment in patients with TP53 mutations. circPVT1 up- and down-regulation determine, respectively, an increase and a reduction of the malignant phenotype in HNSCC cell lines. We show that circPVT1 expression is transcriptionally enhanced by the mut-p53/YAP/TEAD complex. circPVT1 acts as an oncogene modulating the expression of miR-497-5p and genes involved in the control of cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS This study shows the oncogenic role of circPVT1 in HNSCC, extending current knowledge about the role of circular RNAs in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Verduci
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute, "Regina Elena", 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Ferraiuolo
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute, "Regina Elena", 00144, Rome, Italy.,Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute, "Regina Elena", 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute, "Regina Elena", 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Ganci
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute, "Regina Elena", 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Jlenia Vitale
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute, "Regina Elena", 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Colombo
- Institute for Computing Applications "Mauro Picone", National Research Council, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Paci
- Institute for System Analysis and Computer Science "Antonio Ruberti", National Research Council, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute, "Regina Elena", 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Macino
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, La Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Nikolaus Rajewsky
- Systems Biology of Gene Regulatory Elements, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, D-13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute, "Regina Elena", 00144, Rome, Italy.
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19
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Pruszko M, Milano E, Forcato M, Donzelli S, Ganci F, Di Agostino S, De Panfilis S, Fazi F, Bates DO, Bicciato S, Zylicz M, Zylicz A, Blandino G, Fontemaggi G. The mutant p53-ID4 complex controls VEGFA isoforms by recruiting lncRNA MALAT1. EMBO Rep 2017; 18:1331-1351. [PMID: 28652379 PMCID: PMC5538427 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201643370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The abundant, nuclear-retained, metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) has been associated with a poorly differentiated and aggressive phenotype of mammary carcinomas. This long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) localizes to nuclear speckles, where it interacts with a subset of splicing factors and modulates their activity. In this study, we demonstrate that oncogenic splicing factor SRSF1 bridges MALAT1 to mutant p53 and ID4 proteins in breast cancer cells. Mutant p53 and ID4 delocalize MALAT1 from nuclear speckles and favor its association with chromatin. This enables aberrant recruitment of MALAT1 on VEGFA pre-mRNA and modulation of VEGFA isoforms expression. Interestingly, VEGFA-dependent expression signatures associate with ID4 expression specifically in basal-like breast cancers carrying TP53 mutations. Our results highlight a key role for MALAT1 in control of VEGFA isoforms expression in breast cancer cells expressing gain-of-function mutant p53 and ID4 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Pruszko
- Department of Molecular Biology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elisa Milano
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute "Regina Elena", Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Forcato
- Department of Life Sciences, Center for Genome Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Sara Donzelli
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute "Regina Elena", Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Ganci
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute "Regina Elena", Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Agostino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute "Regina Elena", Rome, Italy
| | - Simone De Panfilis
- Centre for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fazi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology & Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - David O Bates
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Silvio Bicciato
- Department of Life Sciences, Center for Genome Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maciej Zylicz
- Department of Molecular Biology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Zylicz
- Department of Molecular Biology, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute "Regina Elena", Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Fontemaggi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute "Regina Elena", Rome, Italy
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20
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Bellissimo T, Ganci F, Gallo E, Sacconi A, Tito C, De Angelis L, Pulito C, Masciarelli S, Diso D, Anile M, Petrozza V, Giangaspero F, Pescarmona E, Facciolo F, Venuta F, Marino M, Blandino G, Fazi F. Thymic Epithelial Tumors phenotype relies on miR-145-5p epigenetic regulation. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:88. [PMID: 28486946 PMCID: PMC5424390 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0655-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thymoma and thymic carcinoma are the most frequent subtypes of thymic epithelial tumors (TETs). A relevant advance in TET management could derive from a deeper molecular characterization of these neoplasms. We previously identified a set of microRNA (miRNAs) differentially expressed in TETs and normal thymic tissues and among the most significantly deregulated we described the down-regulation of miR-145-5p in TET. Here we describe the mRNAs diversely regulated in TETs and analyze the correlation between these and the miRNAs previously identified, focusing in particular on miR-145-5p. Then, we examine the functional role of miR-145-5p in TETs and its epigenetic transcriptional regulation. METHODS mRNAs expression profiling of a cohort of fresh frozen TETs and normal tissues was performed by microarray analysis. MiR-145-5p role in TETs was evaluated in vitro, modulating its expression in a Thymic Carcinoma (TC1889) cell line. Epigenetic transcriptional regulation of miR-145-5p was examined by treating the TC1889 cell line with the HDAC inhibitor Valproic Acid (VPA). RESULTS Starting from the identification of a 69-gene signature of miR-145-5p putative target mRNAs, whose expression was inversely correlated to that of miR-145-5p, we followed the expression of some of them in vitro upon overexpression of miR-145-5p; we observed that this resulted in the down-regulation of the target genes, impacting on TETs cancerous phenotype. We also found that VPA treatment of TC1889 cells led to miR-145-5p up-regulation and concomitant down-regulation of miR-145-5p target genes and exhibited antitumor effects, as indicated by the induction of cell cycle arrest and by the reduction of cell viability, colony forming ability and migration capability. The importance of miR-145-5p up-regulation mediated by VPA is evidenced by the fact that hampering miR-145-5p activity by a LNA inhibitor reduced the impact of VPA treatment on cell viability and colony forming ability of TET cells. Finally, we observed that VPA was also able to enhance the response of TET cells to cisplatin and erlotinib. CONCLUSIONS Altogether our results suggest that the epigenetic regulation of miR-145-5p expression, as well as the modulation of its functional targets, could be relevant players in tumor progression and treatment response in TETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Bellissimo
- Deptartment of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Histology & Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Ganci
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Enzo Gallo
- Department of Pathology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Tito
- Deptartment of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Histology & Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciana De Angelis
- Deptartment of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Histology & Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Pulito
- Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Masciarelli
- Deptartment of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Histology & Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Diso
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Azienda Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Eleonora Lorillard Spencer Cenci, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Anile
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Azienda Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Eleonora Lorillard Spencer Cenci, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Petrozza
- Pathology Unit, ICOT, Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Felice Giangaspero
- Department of Radiological, Oncological, and Anatomo-pathological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy and IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Edoardo Pescarmona
- Department of Pathology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Facciolo
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Venuta
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Azienda Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Eleonora Lorillard Spencer Cenci, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirella Marino
- Department of Pathology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesco Fazi
- Deptartment of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Histology & Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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21
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Bellissimo T, Russo E, Ganci F, Vico C, Sacconi A, Longo F, Vitolo D, Anile M, Disio D, Marino M, Blandino G, Venuta F, Fazi F. Circulating miR-21-5p and miR-148a-3p as emerging non-invasive biomarkers in thymic epithelial tumors. Cancer Biol Ther 2016; 17:79-82. [PMID: 26575977 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2015.1108493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymic epithelial cells give rise to both thymoma and thymic carcinoma. A crucial advance in thymic epithelial tumors (TET) management may derive from the identification of novel molecular biomarkers able to improve diagnosis, prognosis and treatment planning.In a previous study, we identified microRNAs that were differentially expressed in tumor vs normal thymic tissues. Among the microRNAs resulted up-regulated in TET tissues, we evaluated miR-21-5p, miR-148a-3p, miR-141-3p, miR-34b-5p, miR-34c-5p, miR-455-5p as blood plasma circulating non-invasive biomarkers for TET management.We firstly report that the expression levels of specific onco-miRNAs, that we found upregulated in the blood plasma collected from TET patients at surgery, resulted significantly reduced in follow-up samples.This pilot study suggests that circulating miR-21-5p and miR-148a-3p could represent novel non-invasive biomarkers to evaluate the efficacy of therapy and the prognosis of TET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Bellissimo
- a Department of Anatomical, Histological , Forensic and orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology & Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Emanuele Russo
- b Department of Thoracic Surgery , Azienda Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy and Fondazione Eleonora Lorillard Spencer Cenci
| | - Federica Ganci
- c Translational Oncogenomics Unit, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute , Rome , Italy
| | - Carmen Vico
- a Department of Anatomical, Histological , Forensic and orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology & Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- c Translational Oncogenomics Unit, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute , Rome , Italy
| | - Flavia Longo
- d Department of Radiological , Oncological and Anatomopathological Sciences - Oncology, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Domenico Vitolo
- e Department of Radiological , Oncological and Anatomopathological Sciences - Pathology, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Marco Anile
- b Department of Thoracic Surgery , Azienda Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy and Fondazione Eleonora Lorillard Spencer Cenci
| | - Daniele Disio
- b Department of Thoracic Surgery , Azienda Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy and Fondazione Eleonora Lorillard Spencer Cenci
| | - Mirella Marino
- f Department of Pathology , "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute , Rome , Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- c Translational Oncogenomics Unit, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute , Rome , Italy
| | - Federico Venuta
- b Department of Thoracic Surgery , Azienda Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy and Fondazione Eleonora Lorillard Spencer Cenci
| | - Francesco Fazi
- a Department of Anatomical, Histological , Forensic and orthopedic Sciences, Section of Histology & Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
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22
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Mori F, Sacconi A, Canu V, Ganci F, Novello M, Anelli V, Covello R, Ferraresi V, Muti P, Biagini R, Blandino G, Strano S. miR-181c associates with tumor relapse of high grade osteosarcoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:13946-61. [PMID: 26062442 PMCID: PMC4546443 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade osteosarcoma (OS) is characterized by low incidence, high aggressiveness and moderate 5-years survival rate after aggressive poly-chemotherapy and surgery. Here we used miRNA profiling as a tool to possibly predict and monitor OS's development and therapeutic outcome. First, we evaluated the altered expression of selected miRNAs from a case of Giant Cell Tumor (GCT) apparently evolved into an OS. We found that most of modulated miRs were associated with pathways of bone resorption and osteogenesis. miRNA expression also revealed that GCT and OS were distinct tumors. Second, we validated the observed miRNA profile in two independent casuistries of ten GCT (not evolved into malignant tumors) and sixteen OS patients. Interestingly, we found that miR-181c and other three miRNAs identified in the first step of the study were also consistently de-regulated in all OS patients. Ectopic expression of miR-181c reduced cell viability and enhanced chemotherapeutic-induced cell death of U2OS and SAOS2 cells. These findings indicate that: i) miRNAs aberrantly modulated in GCT could be predictive of its development into OS and ii) miRNAs expression could be useful to monitor the OS therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Mori
- Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Translational Oncogenomics, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Canu
- Translational Oncogenomics, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Ganci
- Translational Oncogenomics, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Anelli
- UOC Radiology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Covello
- UOC Department of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paola Muti
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Roberto Biagini
- UOC Orthopedic Surgery, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncogenomics, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Molecular Chemoprevention Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Valenti F, Ganci F, Fontemaggi G, Sacconi A, Strano S, Blandino G, Di Agostino S. Gain of function mutant p53 proteins cooperate with E2F4 to transcriptionally downregulate RAD17 and BRCA1 gene expression. Oncotarget 2016; 6:5547-66. [PMID: 25650659 PMCID: PMC4467386 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability (IN) is a common feature of many human cancers. The TP53 tumour suppressor gene is mutated in approximately half of human cancers. Here, we show that BRCA1 and RAD17 genes, whose derived proteins play a pivotal role in DNA damage repair, are transcriptional targets of gain-of-function mutant p53 proteins. Indeed, high levels of mutp53 protein facilitate DNA damage accumulation and severely impair BRCA1 and RAD17 expression in proliferating cancer cells. The recruitment of mutp53/E2F4 complex onto specific regions of BRCA1 and RAD17 promoters leads to the inhibition of their expression. BRCA1 and RAD17 mRNA expression is reduced in HNSCC patients carrying TP53 mutations when compared to those bearing wt-p53 gene. Furthermore, the analysis of gene expression databases for breast cancer patients reveals that low expression of DNA repair genes correlates significantly with reduced relapse free survival of patients carrying TP53 gene mutations. Collectively, these findings highlight the direct involvement of transcriptionally active gain of function mutant p53 proteins in genomic instability through the impairment of DNA repair mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Valenti
- Translational Oncogenomic Unit, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Federica Ganci
- Translational Oncogenomic Unit, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Giulia Fontemaggi
- Translational Oncogenomic Unit, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Translational Oncogenomic Unit, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Molecular Chemoprevention Group, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncogenomic Unit, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Silvia Di Agostino
- Translational Oncogenomic Unit, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00144, Italy
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24
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Ganci F, Blandino G. microRNAs in Cancer Chemoprevention: Method to Isolate Them from Fresh Tissues. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1379:21-29. [PMID: 26608287 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3191-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs are 22-nucleotide-long double-strand small RNAs, able to modulate gene expression at posttranscriptional level, degrading mRNA and/or impairing translation. They have been shown to regulate mRNA and protein abundance and to participate in many regulatory circuits controlling developmental timing, cell proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis and stress response. Notably, microRNA activity has been correlated to the pathogenesis of cancer; they are aberrantly expressed in solid and hematological tumors, suggesting that they could function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. The emerging role of miRNAs in the carcinogenesis and tumor progression has provided opportunities for their clinical application in the capacity of cancer detection, diagnosis, and prognosis prediction. Here, we describe the experimental protocol used to isolate microRNAs from human tissues coming from head and neck, mesothelioma, and thymoma tumors in order to perform microarray and RT-qPCR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ganci
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute "Regina Elena", 53 Via Elio Chianesi, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Laboratory of Translational Oncogenomics, Molecular Medicine Department, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
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25
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Ganci F, Sacconi A, Manciocco V, Sperduti I, Battaglia P, Covello R, Muti P, Strano S, Spriano G, Fontemaggi G, Blandino G. MicroRNA expression as predictor of local recurrence risk in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2015; 38 Suppl 1:E189-97. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.23969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ganci
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit; Italian National Cancer Institute “Regina Elena”; Rome Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit; Italian National Cancer Institute “Regina Elena”; Rome Italy
| | - Valentina Manciocco
- Otolaryngology Department; Italian National Cancer Institute “Regina Elena”; Rome Italy
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Biostatistical Unit; Italian National Cancer Institute “Regina Elena”; Rome Italy
| | - Paolo Battaglia
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences; University of Insubria; Varese Italy
| | - Renato Covello
- Pathology Department; Italian National Cancer Institute “Regina Elena”; Rome Italy
| | - Paola Muti
- Department of Oncology; Juravinski Cancer Center-McMaster University Hamilton; Ontario Canada
- School of Public Health-Harvard University; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Molecular Chemoprevention Unit; Italian National Cancer Institute “Regina Elena”; Rome Italy
| | - Giuseppe Spriano
- Otolaryngology Department; Italian National Cancer Institute “Regina Elena”; Rome Italy
| | - Giulia Fontemaggi
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit; Italian National Cancer Institute “Regina Elena”; Rome Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit; Italian National Cancer Institute “Regina Elena”; Rome Italy
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26
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Ganci F, Vico C, Korita E, Sacconi A, Gallo E, Mori F, Cambria A, Russo E, Anile M, Vitolo D, Pescarmona E, Blandino R, Facciolo F, Venuta F, Blandino G, Marino M, Fazi F. MicroRNA expression profiling of thymic epithelial tumors. Lung Cancer 2014; 85:197-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2014.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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27
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Muti P, Sacconi A, Hossain A, Donzelli S, Ben Moshe NB, Ganci F, Sieri S, Krogh V, Berrino F, Biagioni F, Strano S, Beyene J, Yarden Y, Blandino G. Downregulation of microRNAs 145-3p and 145-5p is a long-term predictor of postmenopausal breast cancer risk: The ORDET prospective study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014; 23:2471-81. [PMID: 25073626 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND miRNAs have been implicated in the regulation of key metabolic, inflammatory, and malignant pathways; hence, they might be considered both predictors and players of cancer development. METHODS Using a case-control study design nested in the ORDET prospective cohort study, we addressed the possibility that specific mRNAs can serve as early predictors of breast cancer incidence in postmenopausal women. We compared leukocyte miRNA profiles of 133 incident postmenopausal breast cancer cases and profiles of 133 women who remained healthy over a follow-up period of 20 years. RESULTS The analysis identified 20 differentially expressed miRNAs, 15 of which were downregulated. Of the 20 miRNAs, miR145-5p and miR145-3p, each derived from another arm of the respective pre-miRNA, were consistently and significantly downregulated in all the databases that we surveyed. For example, analysis of more than 1,500 patients (the UK Metabric cohort) indicated that high abundance of miR145-3p and miR145-5p was associated with longer, and for miR145-3p also statistically significant, survival. The experimental data attributed different roles to the identified miRNAs: Although the 5p isoform was associated with invasion and metastasis, the other isoform seems related to cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS These observations and the prospective design of our study lend support to the hypothesis that downregulation of specific miRNAs constitutes an early event in cancer development. This finding might be used for breast cancer prevention. IMPACT The identification of the miRNAs as long-term biomarkers of breast cancer may have an impact on breast cancer prevention and early detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Muti
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Ahmed Hossain
- The Statistics for Integrative Genomics and Methods Advancement Laboratory, Population Genomics Program, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara Donzelli
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Noa Bossel Ben Moshe
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Federica Ganci
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabina Sieri
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Franco Berrino
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Biagioni
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Molecular Chemoprevention Group, Molecular Medicine Area, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Joseph Beyene
- The Statistics for Integrative Genomics and Methods Advancement Laboratory, Population Genomics Program, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yosef Yarden
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Regina Elena Italian National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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28
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Ganci F, Sacconi A, Bossel Ben-Moshe N, Manciocco V, Sperduti I, Strigari L, Covello R, Benevolo M, Pescarmona E, Domany E, Muti P, Strano S, Spriano G, Fontemaggi G, Blandino G. Expression of TP53 mutation-associated microRNAs predicts clinical outcome in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:3082-8. [PMID: 24107801 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TP53 mutation is associated with decreased survival rate in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. We set out to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) whose expression associates with TP53 mutation and survival in HNSCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed TP53 status by direct sequencing of exons 2 through 11 of a prospective series of 121 HNSCC samples and assessed its association with outcome in 109 followed-up patients. We carried out miRNA expression profiling on 121 HNSCC samples and 66 normal counterparts. miRNA associations with TP53 mutations and outcome were evaluated. RESULTS A TP53 mutation was present in 58% of the tumors and TP53 mutations were significantly associated with a shorter recurrence-free survival. This association was stronger in the clinical subgroup of patients subjected to adjuvant therapy after surgery. The expression of 49 miRNAs was significantly associated with TP53 status. Among these 49, we identified a group of 12 miRNAs whose expression correlates with recurrence-free survival and a group of 4 miRNAs that correlates with cancer-specific survival. The two groups share three miRNAs. Importantly, miRNAs that correlate with survival are independent prognostic factors either when considered individually or as signatures. CONCLUSIONS miRNAs expression associates with TP53 status and with reduced survival after surgical treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ganci
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute 'Regina Elena', Rome, Italy
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29
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Ganci F, Bossel N, Sacconi A, Fontemaggi G, Manciocco V, Sperduti I, Falvo E, Strigari L, Covello R, Muti P, Strano S, Spriano G, Domany E, Blandino G. P1.26 Micrornas' Expression Profile and their Correlation with Clinical Outcome in head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)31317-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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30
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Einert TR, Schmidt G, Binnig G, Balacescu O, Balacescu L, Rus M, Buiga R, Tudoran O, Todor N, Nagy V, Irimie A, Neagoe I, Yacobi R, Ustaev E, Berger RR, Barshack I, Kaur K, Henderson S, Cutts A, Domingo E, Woods J, Motley C, Dougherty B, Middleton M, Hassan B, Wang Y, Beasley E, Naley M, Schuh A, Tomlinson I, Taylor J, Planchard D, Lueza B, Rahal A, Lacroix L, Ngocamus M, Auger N, Saulnier P, Dorfmuller P, Le Chevalier T, Celebic A, Pignon JP, Soria JC, Besse B, Sun YH, Wang R, Li CG, Pan YJ, Chen HQ, Chouchane L, Shan J, Kizhakayil D, Aigha I, Dsouza S, Noureddine B, Gabbouj S, Mathew R, Hassen E, Chouchane L, Shan S, al-Rumaihi K, al-Bozom I, al-Said S, Rabah D, Farhat K, Kizhakayil D, Aigha I, Jakobsen Falk IA, Green KHZ, Lotfi K, Fyrberg A, Pejovic T, Li H, Mhawech-Fauceglia P, Hoatlin M, Guo MG, Huang M, Ge Y, Hess K, Wei C, Zhang W, Bogush TA, Dudko EA, Nureev MV, Kamensky AA, Polotsky BE, Tjulandin SA, Davydov MI, Caballero M, Hasmats J, Green H, Quanz M, Buhler C, Sun JS, Dutreix M, Cebotaru CL, Buiga R, Placintar AN, Ghilezan N, Balogh ZB, Reiniger L, Rajnai H, Csomor J, Szepesi A, Balogh A, Deak L, Gagyi E, Bodor C, Matolcsy A, Bozhenko VK, Rozhkova NI, Kudinova EA, Bliznyukov OP, Vaskevich EN, Trotsenko ID, Bozhenko VK, Rozhkova NI, Kharchenko NV, Kudinova EA, Bliznyukov OP, Kiandarian IV, Trotsenko ID, Pulito C, Terrenato I, Sacconi A, Biagioni F, Mottolese M, Blandino G, Muti P, Falvo E, Strano S, Mori F, Sacconi A, Ganci F, Covello R, Zoccali C, Biagini R, Blandino G, Strano S, Palmer GA, Wegdam W, Meijer D, Kramer G, Langridge J, Moerland PD, de Jong SM, Vissers JP, Kenter GG, Buist MR, Aerts JMFG, Milione M, de Braud F, Buzzoni R, Pusceddu S, Mazzaferro V, Damato A, Pelosi G, Garassino M, de Braud F, Broggini M, Marabese M, Veronese S, Ganzinelli M, Martelli O, Ganci F, Bossel N, Sacconi A, Fontemaggi G, Manciocco V, Sperduti I, Falvo E, Strigari L, Covello R, Muti P, Strano S, Spriano G, Domany E, Blandino G, Donzelli S, Sacconi A, Bellissimo T, Alessandrini G, Strano S, Carosi MA, Pescarmona E, Facciolo F, Telera S, Pompili A, Blandino G, de Vriendt V, de Roock W, di Narzo AF, Tian S, Biesmans B, Jacobs B, de Schutter J, Budzinska E, Sagaert X, Delorenzi M, Simon I, Tejpar S, Zhu Y, Wang HK, Ye DW, Denisov E, Tsyganov M, Tashireva L, Zavyalova M, Perelmuter V, Cherdyntseva N, Kim YC, Jang T, Oh IJ, Kim KS, Ban H, Na KJ, Ahn SJ, Kang H, Kim WJ, Park C, Abousamra NK, El-Din MS, Azmy EA. Diagnostics. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mds161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Abstract
Id proteins (Id-1 to 4) are dominant negative regulators of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors. They play a key role during development, preventing cell differentiation while inducing cell proliferation. They are poorly expressed in adult life but can be reactivated in tumorigenesis. Several evidences indicate that Id proteins are associated with loss of differentiation, unrestricted proliferation and neoangiogenesis in diverse human cancers. Recently, we identified Id4 as a transcriptional target of the protein complex mutant p53/E2F1/p300 in breast cancer. Id4 protein binds, stabilizes and enhances the translation of mRNAs encoding proangiogenic cytokines, such as IL8 and GRO-alpha, increasing the angiogenic potential of cancer cells. We present here an overview of the current experimental data that links Id4 to cancer. We provide evidence also of the induction of Id4 following anticancer treatments in mutant p53- carrying cells. Indeed, mutant p53 is recruited to a specific region of the Id4 promoter upon DNA damage. Our findings indicate that Id4, besides its proangiogenic role, might also participate in the chemoresistance associated to mutant p53 proteins exerting gain of function activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Dell'Orso
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, 00144-Rome, Italy
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32
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Ganci F, Conti S, Fontemaggi G, Manciocco V, Donzelli S, Covello R, Muti P, Strano S, Blandino G, Spriano G. Allelic expression imbalance of TP53 mutated and polymorphic alleles in head and neck tumors. OMICS 2011; 15:375-81. [PMID: 21348641 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2010.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
TP53 is the most widely mutated gene across all cancer types. In head and neck cancer, approximately half of the tumors are found to contain TP53 mutations, which are correlated to an increased risk for locoregional recurrence and poor outcomes. In this study a mutational profiling of TP53 exons 5-8 was performed on tumor, peritumor and normal tissues from 57 HNSCC patients by direct sequencing of genomic DNA and cDNA. Cloning/sequencing in tumors carrying multiple TP53 mutations and semiquantitative SNaPShot mutation assay was performed in order to assess eventual allelic expression imbalances (AEI). We identified 24 out of 57 HNSCC patients (42%) carrying TP53 mutations and 5 patients carrying the R213R polymorphism. Cloning of the genomic DNA encompassing TP53 exons 5-8 from tumors with multiple TP53 mutations revealed that alleles carrying different types of TP53 mutations are present in these tumors. TP53 missense and nonsense mutations exhibit higher and lower TP53 transcript abundance compared to wild-type TP53 allele, respectively. Interestingly, three out of four patients with the R213R polymorphism analyzed were found positive for TP53 loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and also presented higher transcript abundance than the wild-type counterpart, specifically, in the tumor tissue and not in peritumor or normal tissues. HNSCC tumors present heterogenic cell populations carrying different TP53 mutations. All HNSCC samples analyzed show an alteration in the expression of mutated TP53 mRNA compared to the wild-type allele, most likely independently from the TP53 hemizygous status. The higher expression of R213R TP53 polymorphic allele in cancer tissue compared to normal tissue demonstrates a noninherited variation in allelic expression, independently from its mutation status for exons 5-8, suggesting a potential contribution to TP53 expression in HNSCC disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ganci
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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33
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Manciocco V, Ganci F, Spriano G. STUDY OF MICRORNAS' EXPRESSION PROFILE IN HEAD AND NECK CANCER. Radiother Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(11)70059-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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34
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Manciocco V, Ganci F, Fontemaggi G, Blandino G, Spriano G. MicroRNAs Expression Profile in Head and Neck Cancer. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.otohns.2010.06.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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35
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Abstract
Id proteins (Id-1 to 4) are dominant negative regulators of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors. They play a key role during development, preventing cell differentiation while inducing cell proliferation. They are poorly expressed in adult life but can be reactivated in tumorigenesis. Several evidences indicate that Id proteins are associated with loss of differentiation, unrestricted proliferation and neoangiogenesis in diverse human cancers. Recently, we identified Id4 as a transcriptional target of the protein complex mutant p53/E2F1/p300 in breast cancer. Id4 protein binds, stabilizes and enhances the translation of mRNAs encoding proangiogenic cytokines, such as IL8 and GRO-alpha, increasing the angiogenic potential of cancer cells. We present here an overview of the current experimental data that links Id4 to cancer. We provide evidence also of the induction of Id4 following anticancer treatments in mutant p53- carrying cells. Indeed, mutant p53 is recruited to a specific region of the Id4 promoter upon DNA damage. Our findings indicate that Id4, besides its proangiogenic role, might also participate in the chemoresistance associated to mutant p53 proteins exerting gain of function activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Dell'Orso
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, 00144-Rome, Italy.
- Rome Oncogenomic Center (ROC), Regina Elena Cancer Institute, 00144-Rome, Italy.
| | - Federica Ganci
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, 00144-Rome, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Strano
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, 00144-Rome, Italy.
- Molecular Chemoprevention Group, Scientific Direction, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, 00144-Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, 00144-Rome, Italy.
- Rome Oncogenomic Center (ROC), Regina Elena Cancer Institute, 00144-Rome, Italy.
| | - Giulia Fontemaggi
- Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, 00144-Rome, Italy.
- Rome Oncogenomic Center (ROC), Regina Elena Cancer Institute, 00144-Rome, Italy.
- General Pathology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Perugia University, Perugia, Italy.
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