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Cordes M, Canté-Barrett K, van den Akker EB, Moretti FA, Kiełbasa SM, Vloemans SA, Garcia-Perez L, Teodosio C, van Dongen JJM, Pike-Overzet K, Reinders MJT, Staal FJT. Single-cell immune profiling reveals thymus-seeding populations, T cell commitment, and multilineage development in the human thymus. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eade0182. [DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.ade0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
T cell development in the mouse thymus has been studied extensively, but less is known regarding T cell development in the human thymus. We used a combination of single-cell techniques and functional assays to perform deep immune profiling of human T cell development, focusing on the initial stages of prelineage commitment. We identified three thymus-seeding progenitor populations that also have counterparts in the bone marrow. In addition, we found that the human thymus physiologically supports the development of monocytes, dendritic cells, and NK cells, as well as limited development of B cells. These results are an important step toward monitoring and guiding regenerative therapies in patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn Cordes
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden Computational Biology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Kirsten Canté-Barrett
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine (reNEW), Leiden University Medical Center, Netherlands
| | - Erik B. van den Akker
- Leiden Computational Biology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Delft Bioinformatics Lab, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
- Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Federico A. Moretti
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Szymon M. Kiełbasa
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sandra A. Vloemans
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Laura Garcia-Perez
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Cristina Teodosio
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CIC-IBMCC, USAL-CSIC-FICUS), Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jacques J. M. van Dongen
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer (CIC-IBMCC, USAL-CSIC-FICUS), Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Karin Pike-Overzet
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Marcel J. T. Reinders
- Leiden Computational Biology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Delft Bioinformatics Lab, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Frank J. T. Staal
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine (reNEW), Leiden University Medical Center, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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2
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Moretti FA, Giardino G, Attenborough TCH, Gkazi AS, Margetts BK, la Marca G, Fairbanks L, Crompton T, Gaspar HB. Author Correction: Metabolite and thymocyte development defects in ADA-SCID mice receiving enzyme replacement therapy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24342. [PMID: 34912004 PMCID: PMC8674291 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03903-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ben K Margetts
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Giancarlo la Marca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence and Newborn Screening, Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology Lab, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Tessa Crompton
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - H Bobby Gaspar
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
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3
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Moretti FA, Giardino G, Attenborough TCH, Gkazi AS, Margetts BK, la Marca G, Fairbanks L, Crompton T, Gaspar HB. Metabolite and thymocyte development defects in ADA-SCID mice receiving enzyme replacement therapy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23221. [PMID: 34853379 PMCID: PMC8636570 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02572-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficiency of adenosine deaminase (ADA, EC3.5.4.4), a housekeeping enzyme intrinsic to the purine salvage pathway, leads to severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) both in humans and mice. Lack of ADA results in the intracellular accumulation of toxic metabolites which have effects on T cell development and function. While untreated ADA-SCID is a fatal disorder, there are different therapeutic options available to restore ADA activity and reconstitute a functioning immune system, including enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Administration of ERT in the form of pegylated bovine ADA (PEG-ADA) has proved a life-saving though non-curative treatment for ADA-SCID patients. However, in many patients treated with PEG-ADA, there is suboptimal immune recovery with low T and B cell numbers. Here, we show reduced thymus cellularity in ADA-SCID mice despite weekly PEG-ADA treatment. This was associated with lack of effective adenosine (Ado) detoxification in the thymus. We also show that thymocyte development in ADA-deficient thymi is arrested at the DN3-to-DN4 stage transition with thymocytes undergoing dATP-induced apoptosis rather than defective TCRβ rearrangement or β-selection. Our studies demonstrate at a detailed level that exogenous once-a-week enzyme replacement does not fully correct intra-thymic metabolic or immunological abnormalities associated with ADA deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ben K Margetts
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Giancarlo la Marca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence and Newborn Screening, Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology Lab, Meyer Children's Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Tessa Crompton
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - H Bobby Gaspar
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
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4
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Bradford KL, Moretti FA, Carbonaro-Sarracino DA, Gaspar HB, Kohn DB. Adenosine Deaminase (ADA)-Deficient Severe Combined Immune Deficiency (SCID): Molecular Pathogenesis and Clinical Manifestations. J Clin Immunol 2017; 37:626-637. [PMID: 28842866 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-017-0433-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Deficiency of adenosine deaminase (ADA, EC3.5.4.4), a housekeeping enzyme of purine metabolism encoded by the Ada gene, is a cause of human severe combined immune deficiency (SCID). Numerous deleterious mutations occurring in the ADA gene have been found in patients with profound lymphopenia (T- B- NK-), thus underscoring the importance of functional purine metabolism for the development of the immune defense. While untreated ADA SCID is a fatal disorder, there are multiple life-saving therapeutic modalities to restore ADA activity and reconstitute protective immunity, including enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and gene therapy (GT) with autologous gene-corrected hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). We review the pathogenic mechanisms and clinical manifestations of ADA SCID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L Bradford
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 3163 Terasaki Life Science Bldg., 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Federico A Moretti
- Centre for Immunodeficiency, Molecular Immunology Unit, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | | | - Hubert B Gaspar
- Centre for Immunodeficiency, Molecular Immunology Unit, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Donald B Kohn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 3163 Terasaki Life Science Bldg., 610 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, UCLA University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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5
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Bacchelli C, Moretti FA, Carmo M, Adams S, Stanescu HC, Pearce K, Madkaikar M, Gilmour KC, Nicholas AK, Woods CG, Kleta R, Beales PL, Qasim W, Gaspar HB. Mutations in linker for activation of T cells (LAT) lead to a novel form of severe combined immunodeficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 139:634-642.e5. [PMID: 27522155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Signaling through the T-cell receptor (TCR) is critical for T-cell development and function. Linker for activation of T cells (LAT) is a transmembrane adaptor signaling molecule that is part of the TCR complex and essential for T-cell development, as demonstrated by LAT-deficient mice, which show a complete lack of peripheral T cells. OBJECTIVE We describe a pedigree affected by a severe combined immunodeficiency phenotype with absent T cells and normal B-cell and natural killer cell numbers. A novel homozygous frameshift mutation in the gene encoding for LAT was identified in this kindred. METHODS Genetic, molecular, and functional analyses were used to identify and characterize the LAT defect. Clinical and immunologic analysis of patients was also performed and reported. RESULTS Homozygosity mapping was used to identify potential defective genes. Sanger sequencing of the LAT gene showed a mutation that resulted in a premature stop codon and protein truncation leading to complete loss of function and loss of expression of LAT in the affected family members. We also demonstrate loss of LAT expression and lack of TCR signaling restoration in LAT-deficient cell lines reconstituted with a synthetic LAT gene bearing this severe combined immunodeficiency mutation. CONCLUSION For the first time, the results of this study show that inherited LAT deficiency should be considered in patients with combined immunodeficiency with T-cell abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bacchelli
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Federico A Moretti
- Infection, Immunity, Inflammation and Physiological Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marlene Carmo
- Infection, Immunity, Inflammation and Physiological Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Adams
- Bone Marrow Transplantation, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Horia C Stanescu
- Centre for Nephrology, University College London Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kerra Pearce
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Manisha Madkaikar
- Infection, Immunity, Inflammation and Physiological Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatric Immunology and Leukocyte Biology, National Institute of Immunohematology, ICMR, Mumbai, India
| | - Kimberly C Gilmour
- Infection, Immunity, Inflammation and Physiological Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom; Department of Clinical Immunology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adeline K Nicholas
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - C Geoffrey Woods
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Kleta
- Centre for Nephrology, University College London Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Phil L Beales
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Waseem Qasim
- Infection, Immunity, Inflammation and Physiological Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom; Department of Clinical Immunology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - H Bobby Gaspar
- Infection, Immunity, Inflammation and Physiological Medicine, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom; Department of Clinical Immunology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.
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6
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Klapproth S, Moretti FA, Zeiler M, Ruppert R, Breithaupt U, Mueller S, Haas R, Mann M, Sperandio M, Fässler R, Moser M. Minimal amounts of kindlin-3 suffice for basal platelet and leukocyte functions in mice. Blood 2015; 126:2592-600. [PMID: 26438512 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-04-639310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic cells depend on integrin-mediated adhesion and signaling, which is induced by kindlin-3 and talin-1. To determine whether platelet and polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) functions require specific thresholds of kindlin-3, we generated mouse strains expressing 50%, 10%, or 5% of normal kindlin-3 levels. We report that in contrast to kindlin-3-null mice, which die perinatally of severe bleeding and leukocyte adhesion deficiency, mice expressing as little as 5% of kindlin-3 were viable and protected from spontaneous bleeding and infections. However, platelet adhesion and aggregation were reduced in vitro and bleeding times extended. Similarly, leukocyte adhesion, extravasation, and bacterial clearance were diminished. Quantification of protein copy numbers revealed stoichiometric quantities of kindlin-3 and talin-1 in platelets and neutrophils, indicating that reduction of kindlin-3 in our mouse strains progressively impairs the cooperation with talin-1. Our findings show that very low levels of kindlin-3 enable basal platelet and neutrophil functions, whereas in stress situations such as injury and infection, platelets and neutrophils require a maximum of functional integrins that is achieved with high and stoichiometric quantities of kindlin-3 and talin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Klapproth
- Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular Medicine, Martinsried, Germany; Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Federico A Moretti
- Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular Medicine, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Marlis Zeiler
- Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Martinsried, Germany; and
| | - Raphael Ruppert
- Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular Medicine, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ute Breithaupt
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute for Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, and
| | - Susanna Mueller
- Institute for Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Rainer Haas
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institute for Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, and
| | - Matthias Mann
- Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Martinsried, Germany; and
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Reinhard Fässler
- Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular Medicine, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Markus Moser
- Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular Medicine, Martinsried, Germany
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7
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Chauhan AK, Kisucka J, Cozzi MR, Walsh MT, Moretti FA, Battiston M, Mazzucato M, De Marco L, Baralle FE, Wagner DD, Muro AF. Prothrombotic Effects of Fibronectin Isoforms Containing the EDA Domain. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008; 28:296-301. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.107.149146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
Fibronectin (FN) plays an important role in the formation of stable arterial thrombi at the site of vascular injury. FN containing Extra Domain A (EDA
+
FN) is absent from normal plasma, but elevated plasma levels of EDA
+
FN are found in several pathological conditions. We hypothesized that EDA
+
FN plays a special role in thrombosis.
Methods and Results—
We used mouse strains constitutively including (EDA
+/+
) or excluding (EDA
−/−
) the EDA domain in all tissues and plasma. Using a flow chamber and the ferric-chloride injury model we found that EDA
+
FN accelerates thrombosis both in vitro and in vivo at arterial shear rates. In EDA
+/+
mice thrombi (>30 μm) grew faster when compared with EDA
WT/WT
(6.6±0.2 minutes versus 8.3±0.6 minutes,
P
<0.05) and the mean vessel occlusion time was shorter (9.9±0.4 minutes versus 14.6±1.7 minutes,
P
<0.05). However, the presence of EDA
+
FN affected neither single platelet adhesion to subendothelium nor thrombosis in veins. In addition, the mortality rate of EDA
+/+
mice after collagen/epinephrine infusion was twice that of EDA
WT/WT
or EDA
−/−
mice.
Conclusions—
Our findings reveal that EDA
+
FN has prothrombotic activity, and its presence in plasma may worsen pathological conditions in which this form is elevated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil K. Chauhan
- From the CBR Institute for Biomedical Research (A.K.C., J.K., M.T.W., D.D.W.) and the Department of Pathology (A.K.C., J.K., D.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; the Centro di Riferimento Oncologico-Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (M.R.C., M.B., M.M., L.D.M.), National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy; and the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (F.A.M., F.E.B., A.F.M.), Trieste, Italy
| | - Janka Kisucka
- From the CBR Institute for Biomedical Research (A.K.C., J.K., M.T.W., D.D.W.) and the Department of Pathology (A.K.C., J.K., D.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; the Centro di Riferimento Oncologico-Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (M.R.C., M.B., M.M., L.D.M.), National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy; and the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (F.A.M., F.E.B., A.F.M.), Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria R. Cozzi
- From the CBR Institute for Biomedical Research (A.K.C., J.K., M.T.W., D.D.W.) and the Department of Pathology (A.K.C., J.K., D.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; the Centro di Riferimento Oncologico-Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (M.R.C., M.B., M.M., L.D.M.), National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy; and the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (F.A.M., F.E.B., A.F.M.), Trieste, Italy
| | - Meghan T. Walsh
- From the CBR Institute for Biomedical Research (A.K.C., J.K., M.T.W., D.D.W.) and the Department of Pathology (A.K.C., J.K., D.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; the Centro di Riferimento Oncologico-Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (M.R.C., M.B., M.M., L.D.M.), National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy; and the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (F.A.M., F.E.B., A.F.M.), Trieste, Italy
| | - Federico A. Moretti
- From the CBR Institute for Biomedical Research (A.K.C., J.K., M.T.W., D.D.W.) and the Department of Pathology (A.K.C., J.K., D.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; the Centro di Riferimento Oncologico-Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (M.R.C., M.B., M.M., L.D.M.), National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy; and the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (F.A.M., F.E.B., A.F.M.), Trieste, Italy
| | - Monica Battiston
- From the CBR Institute for Biomedical Research (A.K.C., J.K., M.T.W., D.D.W.) and the Department of Pathology (A.K.C., J.K., D.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; the Centro di Riferimento Oncologico-Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (M.R.C., M.B., M.M., L.D.M.), National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy; and the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (F.A.M., F.E.B., A.F.M.), Trieste, Italy
| | - Mario Mazzucato
- From the CBR Institute for Biomedical Research (A.K.C., J.K., M.T.W., D.D.W.) and the Department of Pathology (A.K.C., J.K., D.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; the Centro di Riferimento Oncologico-Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (M.R.C., M.B., M.M., L.D.M.), National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy; and the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (F.A.M., F.E.B., A.F.M.), Trieste, Italy
| | - Luigi De Marco
- From the CBR Institute for Biomedical Research (A.K.C., J.K., M.T.W., D.D.W.) and the Department of Pathology (A.K.C., J.K., D.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; the Centro di Riferimento Oncologico-Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (M.R.C., M.B., M.M., L.D.M.), National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy; and the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (F.A.M., F.E.B., A.F.M.), Trieste, Italy
| | - Francisco E. Baralle
- From the CBR Institute for Biomedical Research (A.K.C., J.K., M.T.W., D.D.W.) and the Department of Pathology (A.K.C., J.K., D.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; the Centro di Riferimento Oncologico-Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (M.R.C., M.B., M.M., L.D.M.), National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy; and the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (F.A.M., F.E.B., A.F.M.), Trieste, Italy
| | - Denisa D. Wagner
- From the CBR Institute for Biomedical Research (A.K.C., J.K., M.T.W., D.D.W.) and the Department of Pathology (A.K.C., J.K., D.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; the Centro di Riferimento Oncologico-Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (M.R.C., M.B., M.M., L.D.M.), National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy; and the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (F.A.M., F.E.B., A.F.M.), Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrés F. Muro
- From the CBR Institute for Biomedical Research (A.K.C., J.K., M.T.W., D.D.W.) and the Department of Pathology (A.K.C., J.K., D.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; the Centro di Riferimento Oncologico-Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (M.R.C., M.B., M.M., L.D.M.), National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy; and the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (F.A.M., F.E.B., A.F.M.), Trieste, Italy
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8
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Muro AF, Moretti FA, Moore BB, Yan M, Atrasz RG, Wilke CA, Flaherty KR, Martinez FJ, Tsui JL, Sheppard D, Baralle FE, Toews GB, White ES. An essential role for fibronectin extra type III domain A in pulmonary fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 177:638-45. [PMID: 18096707 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200708-1291oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Tissue fibrosis is considered a dysregulated wound-healing response. Fibronectin containing extra type III domain A (EDA) is implicated in the regulation of wound healing. EDA-containing fibronectin is deposited during wound repair, and its presence precedes that of collagen. OBJECTIVES To investigate the role of EDA-containing fibronectin in lung fibrogenesis. METHODS Primary lung fibroblasts from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis or from patients undergoing resection for lung cancer were assessed for EDA-containing fibronectin and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) expression. Mice lacking the EDA domain of fibronectin and their wild-type littermates were challenged with the bleomycin model of lung fibrosis. Primary lung fibroblasts from these mice were assayed in vitro to determine the contribution of EDA-containing fibronectin to fibroblast phenotypes. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis lung fibroblasts produced markedly more EDA-containing fibronectin and alpha-SMA than control fibroblasts. EDA-null mice failed to develop significant fibrosis 21 days after bleomycin challenge, whereas wild-type controls developed the expected increase in total lung collagen. Histologic analysis of EDA-null lungs after bleomycin showed less collagen and fewer alpha-SMA-expressing myofibroblasts compared with that observed in wild-type mice. Failure to develop lung fibrosis in EDA-null mice correlated with diminished activation of latent transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and decreased lung fibroblast responsiveness to active TGF-beta in vitro. CONCLUSIONS The data show that EDA-containing fibronectin is essential for the fibrotic resolution of lung injury through TGF-beta activation and responsiveness, and suggest that EDA-containing fibronectin plays a critical role in tissue fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés F Muro
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 6301 MSRB III/0642, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0642, USA
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9
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Moretti FA, Chauhan AK, Iaconcig A, Porro F, Baralle FE, Muro AF. A Major Fraction of Fibronectin Present in the Extracellular Matrix of Tissues Is Plasma-derived. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:28057-62. [PMID: 17644525 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m611315200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The origin of the fibronectin (FN) found in the extracellular matrix of tissues has not been defined experimentally. Previous studies suggest that there is contribution from both local tissue production and transfer from plasma, but the extent of this phenomenon has not been addressed. We have shown before that engineered mice constitutively expressing extra domain A-containing FN (EDA(+)FN) have a significant decrease of FN levels in plasma and most tissues. We showed that hepatocytes modified to produce EDA(+)FN have normal extracellular matrix-FN levels but secrete less soluble FN. When we performed a liver-specific EDA-exon deletion in these animals, FN levels were restored both in plasma and tissues. Therefore, an important fraction of tissue FN, approximately an equal amount of that produced by the tissue itself, is actually plasma-derived, suggesting that plasma is an important source of tissue FN. The present results have potential significance for understanding the contributions of plasma FN, and perhaps other plasma proteins, in the modulation of cellular activities and in the formation of the extracellular matrix of tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico A Moretti
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 34012 Trieste, Italy
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