1
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Schmid A, Baiutti F, Tarancon A, Fleig J. A High Temperature Harvestorer Based on a Photovoltaic Cell and an Oxygen Ion Battery. ACS Appl Energy Mater 2024; 7:205-213. [PMID: 38213554 PMCID: PMC10777342 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.3c02494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Hybrid devices for combined energy harvesting and storage, i.e., harvestorers, are attractive solutions for powering small autonomous devices (e.g., "smart appliances", Internet of things nodes), which are ever more prominent as the digitalization and technologization of our society progresses. A concept for a high temperature (HT) harvestorer is presented, and the operational characteristics of a prototype device are discussed. It is based on photovoltaic (PV) energy harvesting and HT electrochemical energy storage. The HT-PV cells employ SrTiO3/La0.9Sr0.1CrO3-δ heterojunctions for energy harvesting and produce photovoltages up to 1 V and photocurrents of several mA cm-2 upon UV illumination at 350 °C. Electrochemical energy storage is realized by oxygen ion battery (OIB), a device based on mixed ionic and electronic conducting oxide thin film electrodes and an yttria stabilized zirconia electrolyte. The OIB exhibits capacities of up to 11 mC cm-2 (3 μA h cm-2) at 0.6 V (350 °C). A prototype harvestorer device was fabricated by integrating an HT-PV and an OIB cell into one device. This harvestorer was operated over several cycles consisting of harvesting and storing energy under illumination, followed by retrieval of the stored energy without illumination. Up to 3.5 mJ cm-2 (1 μW h cm-2) was stored with energy efficiencies up to 67%. Approaches for further optimization are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Schmid
- Institute
of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, Vienna 1060, Austria
| | - Federico Baiutti
- Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 2a pl, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Tarancon
- Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 2a pl, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan
Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jürgen Fleig
- Institute
of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, Vienna 1060, Austria
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2
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Stangl A, Pla D, Pirovano C, Chaix-Pluchery O, Baiutti F, Chiabrera F, Tarancón A, Jiménez C, Mermoux M, Burriel M. Isotope Exchange Raman Spectroscopy (IERS): A Novel Technique to Probe Physicochemical Processes In Situ. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2303259. [PMID: 37269138 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel in situ methodology for the direct study of mass-transport properties in oxides with spatial and unprecedented time resolution, based on Raman spectroscopy coupled to isothermal isotope exchanges, is developed. Changes in the isotope concentration, resulting in a Raman frequency shift, can be followed in real time, which is not accessible by conventional methods, enabling complementary insights for the study of ion-transport properties of electrode and electrolyte materials for advanced solid-state electrochemical devices. The proof of concept and strengths of isotope exchange Raman spectroscopy (IERS) is demonstrated by studying the oxygen isotope back-exchange in gadolinium-doped ceria (CGO) thin films. Resulting oxygen self-diffusion and surface exchange coefficients are compared to conventional time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) characterization and literature values, showing good agreement, while at the same time providing additional insight, challenging established assumptions. IERS captivates through its rapidity, simple setup, non-destructive nature, cost effectiveness, and versatile fields of application and thus can readily be integrated as new standard tool for in situ and operando characterization in many laboratories worldwide. The applicability of this method is expected to consolidate the understanding of elementary physicochemical processes and impact various emerging fields including solid oxide cells, battery research, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Stangl
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, LMGP, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Dolors Pla
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, LMGP, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Caroline Pirovano
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, F-59000, France
| | | | - Federico Baiutti
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Barcelona, 08930, Spain
- Departement of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia
| | | | - Albert Tarancón
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Barcelona, 08930, Spain
- ICREA, 23 Passeig Lluis Companys, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
| | - Carmen Jiménez
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, LMGP, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Michel Mermoux
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LEPMI, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Mónica Burriel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, LMGP, Grenoble, 38000, France
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3
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Sirvent JD, Carmona A, Rapenne L, Chiabrera F, Morata A, Burriel M, Baiutti F, Tarancón A. Nanostructured La 0.75Sr 0.25Cr 0.5Mn 0.5O 3-Ce 0.8Sm 0.2O 2 Heterointerfaces as All-Ceramic Functional Layers for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:42178-42187. [PMID: 36070857 PMCID: PMC9501924 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanostructured interfaces and advanced functional materials opens up a new playground in the field of solid oxide fuel cells. In this work, we present two all-ceramic thin-film heterostructures based on samarium-doped ceria and lanthanum strontium chromite manganite as promising functional layers for electrode application. The films were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition as bilayers or self-assembled intermixed nanocomposites. The microstructural characterization confirmed the formation of dense, well-differentiated, phases and highlighted the presence of strong cation intermixing in the case of the nanocomposite. The electrochemical properties─solid/gas reactivity and in-plane conductivity─are strongly improved for both heterostructures with respect to the single-phase constituents under anodic conditions (up to fivefold decrease of area-specific resistance and 3 orders of magnitude increase of in-plane conductivity with respect to reference single-phase materials). A remarkable electrochemical activity was also observed for the nanocomposite under an oxidizing atmosphere, with no significant decrease in performance after 400 h of thermal aging. This work shows how the implementation of nanostructuring strategies not only can be used to tune the properties of functional films but also results in a synergistic enhancement of the electrochemical performance, surpassing the parent materials and opening the field for the fabrication of high-performance nanostructured functional layers for application in solid oxide fuel cells and symmetric systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan de
Dios Sirvent
- Department
of Advanced Materials for Energy, Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona 08930, Spain
| | - Albert Carmona
- Department
of Advanced Materials for Energy, Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona 08930, Spain
| | - Laetitia Rapenne
- Univ.
Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LMGP, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Francesco Chiabrera
- Department
of Advanced Materials for Energy, Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona 08930, Spain
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Functional Oxides group, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej, 310, 233, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alex Morata
- Department
of Advanced Materials for Energy, Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona 08930, Spain
| | - Mónica Burriel
- Univ.
Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LMGP, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Federico Baiutti
- Department
of Advanced Materials for Energy, Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona 08930, Spain
- Department
of Materials Chemistry, National Institute
of Chemistry, Hajdrihova
19, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Albert Tarancón
- Department
of Advanced Materials for Energy, Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona 08930, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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4
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Siller V, Gonzalez-Rosillo JC, Eroles MN, Baiutti F, Liedke MO, Butterling M, Attallah AG, Hirschmann E, Wagner A, Morata A, Tarancón A. Nanoscaled LiMn 2O 4 for Extended Cycling Stability in the 3 V Plateau. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:33438-33446. [PMID: 35830969 PMCID: PMC9335525 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Extending the potential window toward the 3 V plateau below the typically used range could boost the effective capacity of LiMn2O4 spinel cathodes. This usually leads to an "overdischarge" of the cathode, which can cause severe material damage due to manganese dissolution into the electrolyte and a critical volume expansion (induced by Jahn-Teller distortions). As those factors determine the stability and cycling lifetime for all-solid-state batteries, the operational window of LiMn2O4 is usually limited to 3.5-4.5 V versus Li/Li+ in common battery cells. However, it has been reported that nano-shaped particles and thin films can potentially mitigate these detrimental effects. We demonstrate here that porous LiMn2O4 thin-film cathodes with a certain level of off-stoichiometry show improved cycling stability for the extended cycling range of 2.0-4.5 V versus Li/Li+. We argue through operando spectroscopic ellipsometry that the origin of this stability lies in the surprisingly small volume change in the layer during lithiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Siller
- Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Planta 2, Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona 08930, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Gonzalez-Rosillo
- Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Planta 2, Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona 08930, Spain
| | - Marc Nuñez Eroles
- Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Planta 2, Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona 08930, Spain
| | - Federico Baiutti
- Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Planta 2, Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona 08930, Spain
| | - Maciej Oskar Liedke
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden—Rossendorf, Institute of
Radiation Physics, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - Maik Butterling
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden—Rossendorf, Institute of
Radiation Physics, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - Ahmed G. Attallah
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden—Rossendorf, Institute of
Radiation Physics, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - Eric Hirschmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden—Rossendorf, Institute of
Radiation Physics, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - Andreas Wagner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum
Dresden—Rossendorf, Institute of
Radiation Physics, Bautzner
Landstraße 400, Dresden 01328, Germany
| | - Alex Morata
- Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Planta 2, Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona 08930, Spain
| | - Albert Tarancón
- Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Planta 2, Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona 08930, Spain
- Catalan
Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
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5
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Tang Y, Chiabrera F, Morata A, Cavallaro A, Liedke MO, Avireddy H, Maller M, Butterling M, Wagner A, Stchakovsky M, Baiutti F, Aguadero A, Tarancón A. Ion Intercalation in Lanthanum Strontium Ferrite for Aqueous Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:18486-18497. [PMID: 35412787 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ion intercalation of perovskite oxides in liquid electrolytes is a very promising method for controlling their functional properties while storing charge, which opens up its potential application in different energy and information technologies. Although the role of defect chemistry in oxygen intercalation in a gaseous environment is well established, the mechanism of ion intercalation in liquid electrolytes at room temperature is poorly understood. In this study, the defect chemistry during ion intercalation of La0.5Sr0.5FeO3-δ thin films in alkaline electrolytes is studied. Oxygen and proton intercalation into the La1-xSrxFeO3-δ perovskite structure is observed at moderate electrochemical potentials (0.5 to -0.4 V), giving rise to a change in the oxidation state of Fe (as a charge compensation mechanism). The variation of the concentration of holes as a function of the intercalation potential is characterized by in situ ellipsometry, and the concentration of electron holes is indirectly quantified for different electrochemical potentials. Finally, a dilute defect chemistry model that describes the variation of defect species during ionic intercalation is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqing Tang
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesco Chiabrera
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Functional Oxides Group, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej 310, 233, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alex Morata
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Cavallaro
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Maciej O Liedke
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hemesh Avireddy
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Maller
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maik Butterling
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Wagner
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michel Stchakovsky
- HORIBA Scientific, 14 Boulevard Thomas Gobert, Passage Jobin Yvon, CS 45002-91120 Palaiseau, France
| | - Federico Baiutti
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ainara Aguadero
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, ICMM-CSIC, Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Tarancón
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy Applications, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Baiutti F, Chiabrera F, Diercks D, Cavallaro A, Yedra L, López-Conesa L, Estradé S, Peiró F, Morata A, Aguadero A, Tarancón A. Direct Measurement of Oxygen Mass Transport at the Nanoscale. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2105622. [PMID: 34611954 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202105622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tuning oxygen mass transport properties at the nanoscale offers a promising approach for developing high performing energy materials. A number of strategies for engineering interfaces with enhanced oxygen diffusivity and surface exchange have been proposed. However, the origin and the magnitude of such local effects remain largely undisclosed to date due to the lack of direct measurement tools with sufficient resolution. In this work, atom probe tomography with sub-nanometer resolution is used to study oxygen mass transport on oxygen-isotope exchanged thin films of lanthanum chromite. A direct 3D visualization of nanoscaled highly conducting oxygen incorporation pathways along grain boundaries, with reliable quantification of the oxygen kinetic parameters and correlative link to local chemistries, is presented. Combined with finite element simulations of the exact nanostructure, isotope exchange-atom probe tomography allowed quantifying an enhancement in the grain boundary oxygen diffusivity and in the surface exchange coefficient of lanthanum chromite of about 4 and 3 orders of magnitude, respectively, compared to the bulk. This remarkable increase of the oxygen kinetics in an interface-dominated material is unambiguously attributed to grain boundary conduction highways thanks to the use of a powerful technique that can be straightforwardly extended to the study of currently inaccessible multiple nanoscale mass transport phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Baiutti
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardin de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià de Besòs (Barcelona), 08930, Spain
- Department of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Francesco Chiabrera
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardin de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià de Besòs (Barcelona), 08930, Spain
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Functional Oxides group, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej, 310, Kongens Lyngby, 233 2800, Denmark
| | - David Diercks
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Andrea Cavallaro
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2BP, UK
| | - Lluís Yedra
- Laboratory of Electron Nanoscopies (LENS), Micro-Nanotechnology and Nanoscopies for electrophotonic Devices (MIND), Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès 1, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Lluís López-Conesa
- Laboratory of Electron Nanoscopies (LENS), Micro-Nanotechnology and Nanoscopies for electrophotonic Devices (MIND), Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès 1, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- TEM-MAT Unit, Scientific and Technological Centers of the University of Barcelona (CCiTUB), C/Lluís Solé i Sabaris 1, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Sonia Estradé
- Laboratory of Electron Nanoscopies (LENS), Micro-Nanotechnology and Nanoscopies for electrophotonic Devices (MIND), Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès 1, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Francesca Peiró
- Laboratory of Electron Nanoscopies (LENS), Micro-Nanotechnology and Nanoscopies for electrophotonic Devices (MIND), Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, C/Martí i Franquès 1, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Alex Morata
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardin de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià de Besòs (Barcelona), 08930, Spain
| | - Ainara Aguadero
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2BP, UK
| | - Albert Tarancón
- Department of Advanced Materials for Energy, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardin de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià de Besòs (Barcelona), 08930, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
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7
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Morgenbesser M, Taibl S, Kubicek M, Schmid A, Viernstein A, Bodenmüller N, Herzig C, Baiutti F, de Dios Sirvent J, Liedke MO, Butterling M, Wagner A, Artner W, Limbeck A, Tarancon A, Fleig J. Cation non-stoichiometry in Fe:SrTiO 3 thin films and its effect on the electrical conductivity. Nanoscale Adv 2021; 3:6114-6127. [PMID: 34765869 PMCID: PMC8548878 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00358e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The interplay of structure, composition and electrical conductivity was investigated for Fe-doped SrTiO3 thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition. Structural information was obtained by reciprocal space mapping while solution-based inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy were employed to reveal the cation composition and the predominant point defects of the thin films, respectively. A severe cation non-stoichiometry with Sr vacancies was found in films deposited from stoichiometric targets. The across plane electrical conductivity of such epitaxial films was studied in the temperature range of 250-720 °C by impedance spectroscopy. This revealed a pseudo-intrinsic electronic conductivity despite the substantial Fe acceptor doping, i.e. conductivities being several orders of magnitude lower than expected. Variation of PLD deposition parameters causes some changes of the cation stoichiometry, but the films still have conductivities much lower than expected. Targets with significant Sr excess (in the range of several percent) were employed to improve the cation stoichiometry in the films. The use of 7% Sr-excess targets resulted in near-stoichiometric films with conductivities close to the stoichiometric bulk counterpart. The measurements show that a fine-tuning of the film stoichiometry is required in order to obtain acceptor doped SrTiO3 thin films with bulk-like properties. One can conclude that, although reciprocal space maps give a first hint whether or not cation non-stoichiometry is present, conductivity measurements are more appropriate for assessing SrTiO3 film quality in terms of cation stoichiometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Morgenbesser
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien Getreidemarkt 9-164/EC 1060 Vienna Austria
| | - Stefanie Taibl
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien Getreidemarkt 9-164/EC 1060 Vienna Austria
| | - Markus Kubicek
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien Getreidemarkt 9-164/EC 1060 Vienna Austria
| | - Alexander Schmid
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien Getreidemarkt 9-164/EC 1060 Vienna Austria
| | - Alexander Viernstein
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien Getreidemarkt 9-164/EC 1060 Vienna Austria
| | - Niklas Bodenmüller
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien Getreidemarkt 9-164/EC 1060 Vienna Austria
| | - Christopher Herzig
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien Getreidemarkt 9-164/EC 1060 Vienna Austria
| | - Federico Baiutti
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC) Jardins de Les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adria del Besos Barcelona Spain
| | - Juan de Dios Sirvent
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC) Jardins de Les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adria del Besos Barcelona Spain
| | - Maciej Oskar Liedke
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) Bautzner Landstraße 400 01328 Dresden Germany
| | - Maik Butterling
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) Bautzner Landstraße 400 01328 Dresden Germany
| | - Andreas Wagner
- Institute of Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) Bautzner Landstraße 400 01328 Dresden Germany
| | - Werner Artner
- Fachbereich Röntgenzentrum, TU Wien Getreidemarkt 9 1060 Vienna Austria
| | - Andreas Limbeck
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien Getreidemarkt 9-164/EC 1060 Vienna Austria
| | - Albert Tarancon
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC) Jardins de Les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adria del Besos Barcelona Spain
- ICREA 23 Passeig Lluis Companys Barcelona 08010 Spain
| | - Jürgen Fleig
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien Getreidemarkt 9-164/EC 1060 Vienna Austria
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8
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Blanco-Portals J, Torruella P, Baiutti F, Anelli S, Torrell M, Tarancón A, Peiró F, Estradé S. WhatEELS. A python-based interactive software solution for ELNES analysis combining clustering and NLLS. Ultramicroscopy 2021; 232:113403. [PMID: 34638092 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2021.113403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of energy loss near edge structures in EELS is a powerful method for a precise characterization of elemental oxidation states and local atomic coordination with an outstanding lateral resolution, down to the atomic scale. Given the complexity and sizes of the EELS spectrum images datasets acquired by the state-of-the-art instrumentation, methods with low convergence times are usually preferred for spectral unmixing in quantitative analysis, such as multiple linear least squares fittings. Nevertheless, non-linear least squares fitting may be a superior choice for analysis in some cases, as it eliminates the need of calibrated reference spectra and provides information for each of the individual components included in the fitted model. To avoid some of the problems that the non-linear least squares algorithms may suffer dealing with mixed-composition samples and, thus, a model comprised by a large number of individual curves we proposed the combination of clustering analysis for segmentation and non-linear least squares fitting for spectral analysis. Clustering analysis is capable of a fast classification of pixels in smaller subsets divided by their spectral characteristics, and thus increases the control over the model parameters in separated regions of the samples, classified by their specific compositions. Furthermore, along with this manuscript we provide access to a self-contained and expandable modular software solution called WhatEELS. It was specifically designed to facilitate the combined use of clustering and NLLS, and includes a set of tools for white-lines analysis and elemental quantification. We successfully demonstrated its capabilities with a control sample of mesoporous cerium oxide doped with praseodymium and gadolinium, which posed challenging case-study given its spectral characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Blanco-Portals
- LENS-MIND, Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - P Torruella
- LENS-MIND, Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Baiutti
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de Les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Anelli
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de Les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Torrell
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de Les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Tarancón
- Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de Les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, 23 Passeig Lluís Companys, Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - F Peiró
- LENS-MIND, Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Estradé
- LENS-MIND, Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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9
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Wells MP, Lovett AJ, Chalklen T, Baiutti F, Tarancón A, Wang X, Ding J, Wang H, Kar-Narayan S, Acosta M, MacManus-Driscoll JL. Route to High-Performance Micro-solid Oxide Fuel Cells on Metallic Substrates. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:4117-4125. [PMID: 33428400 PMCID: PMC7844816 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Micro-solid oxide fuel cells based on thin films have strong potential for use in portable power devices. However, devices based on silicon substrates typically involve thin-film metallic electrodes which are unstable at high temperatures. Devices based on bulk metal substrates overcome these limitations, though performance is hindered by the challenge of growing state-of-the-art epitaxial materials on metals. Here, we demonstrate for the first time the growth of epitaxial cathode materials on metal substrates (stainless steel) commercially supplied with epitaxial electrolyte layers (1.5 μm (Y2O3)0.15(ZrO2)0.85 (YSZ) + 50 nm CeO2). We create epitaxial mesoporous cathodes of (La0.60Sr0.40)0.95Co0.20Fe0.80O3 (LSCF) on the substrate by growing LSCF/MgO vertically aligned nanocomposite films by pulsed laser deposition, followed by selectively etching out the MgO. To enable valid comparison with the literature, the cathodes are also grown on single-crystal substrates, confirming state-of-the-art performance with an area specific resistance of 100 Ω cm2 at 500 °C and activation energy down to 0.97 eV. The work marks an important step toward the commercialization of high-performance micro-solid oxide fuel cells for portable power applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P. Wells
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, U.K.
| | - Adam J. Lovett
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, U.K.
| | - Thomas Chalklen
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, U.K.
| | - Federico Baiutti
- Department
of Advanced Materials for Energy, Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), 1 Jardins de les Dones de Negre, Barcelona 08930, Spain
| | - Albert Tarancón
- Department
of Advanced Materials for Energy, Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), 1 Jardins de les Dones de Negre, Barcelona 08930, Spain
- ICREA, 23 Passeig Lluís Companys, Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - Xuejing Wang
- School
of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, 701 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2045, United States
| | - Jie Ding
- School
of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, 701 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2045, United States
| | - Haiyan Wang
- School
of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, 701 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2045, United States
| | - Sohini Kar-Narayan
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, U.K.
| | - Matias Acosta
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, U.K.
| | - Judith L. MacManus-Driscoll
- Department
of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University
of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, U.K.
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10
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Kaya P, Gregori G, Baiutti F, Yordanov P, Suyolcu YE, Cristiani G, Wrobel F, Benckiser E, Keimer B, van Aken PA, Habermeier HU, Logvenov G, Maier J. High-Temperature Thermoelectricity in LaNiO 3-La 2CuO 4 Heterostructures. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:22786-22792. [PMID: 29927575 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b02153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal oxides exhibit a high potential for application in the field of electronic devices, energy storage, and energy conversion. The ability of building these types of materials by atomic layer-by-layer techniques provides a possibility to design novel systems with favored functionalities. In this study, by means of the atomic layer-by-layer oxide molecular beam epitaxy technique, we designed oxide heterostructures consisting of tetragonal K2NiF4-type insulating La2CuO4 (LCO) and perovskite-type conductive metallic LaNiO3 (LNO) layers with different thicknesses to assess the heterostructure-thermoelectric property-relationship at high temperatures. We observed that the transport properties depend on the constituent layer thickness, interface intermixing, and oxygen-exchange dynamics in the LCO layers, which occurs at high temperatures. As the thickness of the individual layers was reduced, the electrical conductivity decreased and the sign of the Seebeck coefficient changed, revealing the contribution of the individual layers where possible interfacial contributions cannot be ruled out. High-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy investigations showed that a substitutional solid solution of La2(CuNi)O4 was formed when the thickness of the constituent layers was decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Kaya
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Giuliano Gregori
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Federico Baiutti
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Petar Yordanov
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Y Eren Suyolcu
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Georg Cristiani
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Friederike Wrobel
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Eva Benckiser
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Bernhard Keimer
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Peter A van Aken
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Hanns-Ulrich Habermeier
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Gennady Logvenov
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Joachim Maier
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research , Heisenbergstr. 1 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
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11
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Baiutti F, Gregori G, Suyolcu YE, Wang Y, Cristiani G, Sigle W, van Aken PA, Logvenov G, Maier J. High-temperature superconductivity at the lanthanum cuprate/lanthanum-strontium nickelate interface. Nanoscale 2018; 10:8712-8720. [PMID: 29701210 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr00885j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of interface effects in epitaxial systems at the nanoscale has emerged as a very powerful approach for engineering functional properties of oxides. Here we present a novel structure fabricated by a state-of-the-art oxide molecular beam epitaxy method and consisting of lanthanum cuprate and strontium (Sr)-doped lanthanum nickelate, in which interfacial high-temperature superconductivity (Tc up to 40 K) occurs at the contact between the two phases. In such a system, we are able to tune the superconducting properties simply by changing the structural parameters. By employing electron spectroscopy and microscopy combined with dedicated conductivity measurements, we show that decoupling occurs between the electronic charge carrier and the cation (Sr) concentration profiles at the interface and that a hole accumulation layer forms, which dictates the resulting superconducting properties. Such effects are rationalized in the light of a generalized space-charge theory for oxide systems that takes account of both ionic and electronic redistribution effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Baiutti
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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12
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Suyolcu YE, Wang Y, Baiutti F, Al-Temimy A, Gregori G, Cristiani G, Sigle W, Maier J, van Aken PA, Logvenov G. Dopant size effects on novel functionalities: High-temperature interfacial superconductivity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:453. [PMID: 28352070 PMCID: PMC5428683 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00539-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the range of complex interactions, especially at the interfaces of epitaxial oxide systems, contributing to the occurrence of intriguing effects, a predominant role is played by the local structural parameters. In this study, oxide molecular beam epitaxy grown lanthanum cuprate-based bilayers (consisting of a metallic (M) and an insulating phase (I)), in which high-temperature superconductivity arises as a consequence of interface effects, are considered. With the aim of assessing the role of the dopant size on local crystal structure and chemistry, and on the interface functionalities, different dopants (Ca2+, Sr2+ and, Ba2+) are employed in the M-phase, and the M–I bilayers are investigated by complementary techniques, including spherical-aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. A series of exciting outcomes are found: (i) the average out-of-plane lattice parameter of the bilayers is linearly dependent on the dopant ion size, (ii) each dopant redistributes at the interface with a characteristic diffusion length, and (iii) the superconductivity properties are highly dependent on the dopant of choice. Hence, this study highlights the profound impact of the dopant size and related interface chemistry on the functionalities of superconducting oxide systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Eren Suyolcu
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Yi Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Federico Baiutti
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ameer Al-Temimy
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.,Al-Nahrain Nanorenewable Energy Research Center, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Giuliano Gregori
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Georg Cristiani
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wilfried Sigle
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joachim Maier
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Peter A van Aken
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Gennady Logvenov
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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13
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Baiutti F, Gregori G, Wang Y, Suyolcu YE, Cristiani G, van Aken PA, Maier J, Logvenov G. Cationic Redistribution at Epitaxial Interfaces in Superconducting Two-Dimensionally Doped Lanthanum Cuprate Films. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:27368-27375. [PMID: 27648928 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b09739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The exploration of interface effects in complex oxide heterostructures has led to the discovery of novel intriguing phenomena in recent years and has opened the path toward the precise tuning of material properties at the nanoscale. One recent example is space-charge superconductivity. Among the complex range of effects which may arise from phase interaction, a crucial role is played by cationic intermixing, which defines the final chemical composition of the interface. In this work, we performed a systematic study on the local cationic redistribution of two-dimensionally doped lanthanum cuprate films grown by oxide molecular beam epitaxy, in which single LaO layers in the epitaxial crystal structure were substituted by layers of differently sized and charged dopants (Ca, Sr, Ba, and Dy). In such a model system, in which the dopant undergoes an asymmetric redistribution across the interface, the evolution of the cationic concentration profile can be effectively tracked by means of atomically resolved imaging and spectroscopic methods. This allowed for the investigation of the impact of the dopant chemistry (ionic size and charge) and of the growth conditions (temperature) on the final superconducting and structural properties. A qualitative model for interface cationic intermixing, based on thermodynamic considerations, is proposed. This work highlights the key role which cationic redistribution may have in the definition of the final interface properties and represents a further step forward the realization of heterostructures with improved quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Baiutti
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Giuliano Gregori
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Yi Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Y Eren Suyolcu
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Georg Cristiani
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Peter A van Aken
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Joachim Maier
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Gennady Logvenov
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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14
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Wang Y, Baiutti F, Gregori G, Cristiani G, Salzberger U, Logvenov G, Maier J, van Aken PA. Atomic-Scale Quantitative Analysis of Lattice Distortions at Interfaces of Two-Dimensionally Sr-Doped La2CuO4 Superlattices. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:6763-6769. [PMID: 26909681 PMCID: PMC4796864 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b12813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Using spherical aberration corrected high-resolution and analytical scanning transmission electron microscopy, we have quantitatively studied the lattice distortion and the redistribution of charges in two-dimensionally strontium (Sr)-doped La2CuO4 superlattices, in which single LaO planes are periodically replaced by SrO planes. As shown previously, such structures show Tc up to 35 K as a consequence of local charge accumulation on both sides of the nominal SrO planes position. This is caused by two distinct mechanisms of doping: heterogeneous doping at the downward side of the interface (space-charge effect) and "classical" homogeneous doping at the upward side. The comparative chemical and atomic-structural analyses reveal an interrelation between local CuO6 octahedron distortions, hole spatial distribution, and chemical composition. In particular we observe an anomalous expansion of the apical oxygen-oxygen distance in the heterogeneously doped (space-charge) region, and a substantial shrinkage of the apical oxygen-oxygen distance in the homogeneously doped region. Such findings are interpreted in terms of different Jahn-Teller effects occurring at the two interface sides (downward and upward).
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15
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Baiutti F, Logvenov G, Gregori G, Cristiani G, Wang Y, Sigle W, van Aken PA, Maier J. High-temperature superconductivity in space-charge regions of lanthanum cuprate induced by two-dimensional doping. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8586. [PMID: 26481902 PMCID: PMC4634214 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The exploitation of interface effects turned out to be a powerful tool for generating exciting material properties. Such properties include magnetism, electronic and ionic transport and even superconductivity. Here, instead of using conventional homogeneous doping to enhance the hole concentration in lanthanum cuprate and achieve superconductivity, we replace single LaO planes with SrO dopant planes using atomic-layer-by-layer molecular beam epitaxy (two-dimensional doping). Electron spectroscopy and microscopy, conductivity measurements and zinc tomography reveal such negatively charged interfaces to induce layer-dependent superconductivity (Tc up to 35 K) in the space-charge zone at the side of the planes facing the substrate, where the strontium (Sr) profile is abrupt. Owing to the growth conditions, the other side exhibits instead a Sr redistribution resulting in superconductivity due to conventional doping. The present study represents a successful example of two-dimensional doping of superconducting oxide systems and demonstrates its power in this field. Introduction of higher-dimensional structure elements into solids is used to generate unusual materials properties. Here, the authors report how replacing LaO planes with SrO dopants yields space-charge induced superconductivity, showing the potential of two-dimensional doping in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Baiutti
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - G Logvenov
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - G Gregori
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - G Cristiani
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Y Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - W Sigle
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - P A van Aken
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - J Maier
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
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16
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Baiutti F, Christiani G, Logvenov G. Towards precise defect control in layered oxide structures by using oxide molecular beam epitaxy. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2014; 5:596-602. [PMID: 24995148 PMCID: PMC4079053 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we present the atomic-layer-by-layer oxide molecular beam epitaxy (ALL-oxide MBE) which has been recently installed in the Max-Planck Institute for Solid State Research and we report on its present status, providing some examples that demonstrate its successful application in the synthesis of different layered oxides, with particular reference to superconducting La2CuO4 and insulator-to-metal La2- x Sr x NiO4. We briefly review the ALL-oxide MBE technique and its unique capabilities in the deposition of atomically smooth single-crystal thin films of various complex oxides, artificial compounds and heterostructures, introducing our goal of pursuing a deep investigation of such systems with particular emphasis on structural defects, with the aim of tailoring their functional properties by precise defects control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Baiutti
- Max-Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Georg Christiani
- Max-Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Gennady Logvenov
- Max-Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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