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Oliveira D, Morales-Vicente DA, Amaral MS, Luz L, Sertié AL, Leite FS, Navarro C, Kaid C, Esposito J, Goulart E, Caires L, Alves LM, Melo US, Figueiredo T, Mitne-Neto M, Okamoto OK, Verjovski-Almeida S, Zatz M. Different gene expression profiles in iPSC-derived motor neurons from ALS8 patients with variable clinical courses suggest mitigating pathways for neurodegeneration. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 29:1465-1475. [PMID: 32280986 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 8 (ALS8) is an autosomal dominant form of ALS, which is caused by pathogenic variants in the VAPB gene. Here we investigated five ALS8 patients, classified as 'severe' and 'mild' from a gigantic Brazilian kindred, carrying the same VAPB mutation but displaying different clinical courses. Copy number variation and whole exome sequencing analyses in such individuals ruled out previously described genetic modifiers of pathogenicity. After deriving induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for each patient (N = 5) and controls (N = 3), motor neurons were differentiated, and high-throughput RNA-Seq gene expression measurements were performed. Functional cell death and oxidative metabolism assays were also carried out in patients' iPSC-derived motor neurons. The degree of cell death and mitochondrial oxidative metabolism were similar in iPSC-derived motor neurons from mild patients and controls and were distinct from those of severe patients. Similar findings were obtained when RNA-Seq from such cells was performed. Overall, 43 genes were upregulated and 66 downregulated in the two mild ALS8 patients when compared with severe ALS8 individuals and controls. Interestingly, significantly enriched pathways found among differentially expressed genes, such as protein translation and protein targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), are known to be associated with neurodegenerative processes. Taken together, the mitigating mechanisms here presented appear to maintain motor neuron survival by keeping translational activity and protein targeting to the ER in such cells. As ALS8 physiopathology has been associated with proteostasis mechanisms in ER-mitochondria contact sites, such differentially expressed genes appear to relate to the bypass of VAPB deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyllo Oliveira
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - David A Morales-Vicente
- Laboratory of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Murilo S Amaral
- Laboratory of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil
| | - Livia Luz
- Laboratory of DNA Repair, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | | | - Felipe S Leite
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Claudia Navarro
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Carolini Kaid
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Joyce Esposito
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Ernesto Goulart
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Luiz Caires
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Luciana M Alves
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Uirá S Melo
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Thalita Figueiredo
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil.,Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió 57972-900, Brazil
| | - Miguel Mitne-Neto
- Fleury Group, Research and Development. São Paulo, São Paulo 04344-070, Brazil
| | - Oswaldo K Okamoto
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Sergio Verjovski-Almeida
- Laboratory of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Mayana Zatz
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Human Genome and Stem Cell Research Center, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
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Leite FS, Minozzo FC, Kalganov A, Cornachione AS, Cheng YS, Leu NA, Han X, Saripalli C, Yates JR, Granzier H, Kashina AS, Rassier DE. Reduced passive force in skeletal muscles lacking protein arginylation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2015; 310:C127-35. [PMID: 26511365 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00269.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Arginylation is a posttranslational modification that plays a global role in mammals. Mice lacking the enzyme arginyltransferase in skeletal muscles exhibit reduced contractile forces that have been linked to a reduction in myosin cross-bridge formation. The role of arginylation in passive skeletal myofibril forces has never been investigated. In this study, we used single sarcomere and myofibril measurements and observed that lack of arginylation leads to a pronounced reduction in passive forces in skeletal muscles. Mass spectrometry indicated that skeletal muscle titin, the protein primarily linked to passive force generation, is arginylated on five sites located within the A band, an important area for protein-protein interactions. We propose a mechanism for passive force regulation by arginylation through modulation of protein-protein binding between the titin molecule and the thick filament. Key points are as follows: 1) active and passive forces were decreased in myofibrils and single sarcomeres isolated from muscles lacking arginyl-tRNA-protein transferase (ATE1). 2) Mass spectrometry revealed five sites for arginylation within titin molecules. All sites are located within the A-band portion of titin, an important region for protein-protein interactions. 3) Our data suggest that arginylation of titin is required for proper passive force development in skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe S Leite
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Fábio C Minozzo
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Albert Kalganov
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anabelle S Cornachione
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yu-Shu Cheng
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicolae A Leu
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xuemei Han
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Chemical Physiology, La Jolla, California
| | - Chandra Saripalli
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; and
| | - John R Yates
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Chemical Physiology, La Jolla, California
| | - Henk Granzier
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; and
| | - Anna S Kashina
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Dilson E Rassier
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Departments of Physics and Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Rassier DE, Leite FS, Nocella M, Cornachione AS, Colombini B, Bagni MA. Non-crossbridge forces in activated striated muscles: a titin dependent mechanism of regulation? J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2014; 36:37-45. [PMID: 25421125 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-014-9397-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
When skeletal muscles are stretched during activation in the absence of myosin-actin interactions, the force increases significantly. The force remains elevated throughout the activation period. The mechanism behind this non-crossbridge force, referred to as static tension, is unknown and generates debate in the literature. It has been suggested that the static tension is caused by Ca(2+)-induced changes in the properties of titin molecules that happens during activation and stretch, but a comprehensive evaluation of such possibility is still lacking. This paper reviews the general characteristics of the static tension, and evaluates the proposed mechanism by which titin may change the force upon stretch. Evidence is presented suggesting that an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration leads to Ca(2+) binding to the PEVK region of titin. Such binding increases titin stiffness, which increases the overall sarcomere stiffness and causes the static tension. If this form of Ca(2+)-induced increase in titin stiffness is confirmed in future studies, it may have large implications for understating of the basic mechanisms of muscle contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilson E Rassier
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Canada,
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Cornachione AS, Leite FS, Wang J, Leu NA, Kalganov A, Volgin D, Han X, Xu T, Cheng YS, Yates JRR, Rassier DE, Kashina A. Arginylation of myosin heavy chain regulates skeletal muscle strength. Cell Rep 2014; 8:470-6. [PMID: 25017061 PMCID: PMC4126752 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginylation is a posttranslational modification with an emerging global role in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton. To test the role of arginylation in the skeletal muscle, we generated a mouse model with Ate1 deletion driven by the skeletal muscle-specific creatine kinase (Ckmm) promoter. Ckmm-Ate1 mice were viable and outwardly normal; however, their skeletal muscle strength was significantly reduced in comparison to controls. Mass spectrometry of isolated skeletal myofibrils showed a limited set of proteins, including myosin heavy chain, arginylated on specific sites. Atomic force microscopy measurements of contractile strength in individual myofibrils and isolated myosin filaments from these mice showed a significant reduction of contractile forces, which, in the case of myosin filaments, could be fully rescued by rearginylation with purified Ate1. Our results demonstrate that arginylation regulates force production in muscle and exerts a direct effect on muscle strength through arginylation of myosin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabelle S Cornachione
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Physics and Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H2W 1S4, Canada
| | - Felipe S Leite
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Physics and Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H2W 1S4, Canada
| | - Junling Wang
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nicolae A Leu
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Albert Kalganov
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Physics and Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H2W 1S4, Canada
| | - Denys Volgin
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xuemei Han
- The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Tao Xu
- The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yu-Shu Cheng
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Physics and Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H2W 1S4, Canada
| | | | - Dilson E Rassier
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Physics and Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H2W 1S4, Canada
| | - Anna Kashina
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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