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Ahad A, Leng F, Ichise H, Gray J, Aprelikova O, O’Neill M, Holewinski R, Kopardé4 VN, Moriwaki Y, Hollander C, Germain R, Andresson T, Li Y. Abstract 70: Mechanisms of tumor dormancy induction mediated by abrogation of myeloid tgfβ signaling. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Persistence in a dormant state of residual tumor cells can occur following extended periods of clinical remission which may last decades. The disseminated tumor cells in distant organ sites eventually gain context dependent metastasis advantage during tumor progression. The mechanisms for dormancy induction or reactivation remain unclear. We found that the abrogation of myeloid TGF-β signaling induced tumor dormancy in breast cancer metastasis models. When given extended time, the TGFβRIImyeKO mice eventually developed similar number of metastatic nodules to that of control mice. We further validated our finding using an inducible system where reintroduction of TβRII diminished the tumor dormancy induction. RNAseq of dormant vs proliferative tumor cells identify 504 differential expressed genes, including those involving cell cycle arrest, IFNg response, MTOR signaling as well as MYC targeted genes. Immune cell profiling showed differential immune composition in micro and macro-tumor microenvironment between WT and TβRIImyeKO lung tissues. Of great interest, abrogation of myeloid specific TGF-β signaling increased the number of CD103+DCs that displayed elevated TNFa production, which in turn increased IFNg+ production in T cells leading to improved innate
and adaptive immunity. Importantly, depletion of CD103 DCs in tumor-bearing TβRIImyeKO mice diminished the dormancy phenotype, which was not observed for the pDC depletion in the WT control mice. These data demonstrate that abrogation of myeloid specific TGF-β signaling improved the immune microenvironment, which induced tumor dormancy. Our data provide mechanistic insight and resources to understand the tumor dormancy.
Citation Format: Abdul Ahad, Feng Leng, Hiroshi Ichise, Justin Gray, Olga Aprelikova, Maura O’Neill, Ronald Holewinski, Vishal N. Kopardé4, Yasuhiro Moriwaki, Christine Hollander, Ronald Germain, Thorkell Andresson, Yang Li. Mechanisms of tumor dormancy induction mediated by abrogation of myeloid tgfβ signaling [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Ahad
- 1National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, MD
| | - Feng Leng
- 1National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, MD
| | - Hiroshi Ichise
- 2National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD
| | - Justin Gray
- 1National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, MD
| | - Olga Aprelikova
- 1National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, MD
| | - Maura O’Neill
- 1National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | | | | | - Ronald Germain
- 2National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Yang Li
- 1National Cancer Institute Center for Cancer Research, Bethesda, MD
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Leng F, Zhang X, Yu JH. Photocatalytic properties of iodometallates with in situ-generated organic bases as countercations. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:5127-5140. [PMID: 36961227 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03589h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the in situ N-alkylation between tripyridine molecules and C2H5OH was employed to obtain four iodometallates (Mn+ = Pb2+, Cu+ and Ag+). Among them, the alkylation degree of the tripyridine molecules is different, and the in situ-generated tripyridine derivatives showed different configurations. This is not only related to the structure of the inorganic anions but also related to the tripyridine molecule itself. The two moieties were actually templates for each other. The Pb2+ compound 1 was found to effectively catalyze the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB), with its degradation efficiency reaching 94% in 70 min. In contrast, the degradation efficiency for the Cu+ and Ag+ compounds 2-4 did not exceed 50%. The free radical trapping test indicated that with the Pb2+ compound as the photocatalyst, both superoxide ion radicals (˙O2-) and holes (h+) played a key role. Alternatively, with compound 3 or 4 as the photocatalyst, only ˙O2- played a role. The differences should be related to the band gap of the materials, where the Pb2+ compound has a slightly wider band gap, leading to a higher exciton separation efficiency. Due to the involvement of more free radicals, the usual intermediates did not appear in the catalytic process of 1, while the colored species appeared in the catalytic process of 3 and 4. The cyclic test verified that compound 1 still had high catalytic activity after recycling five times. Also, we investigated the catalytic capacity of 1 for the degradation of 5-times the quantity of RhB. The degradation rate reached 99% in 5.5 hours, indicating that 1 has a good photocatalytic performance for degrading a high concentration of RhB. However, given that the amount of catalyst and dye used in each study was different, it was difficult to compare the results. Thus, herein, we introduced for the first time the method of calculating the TOF value to better evaluate the photodegradation performance of each hybrid material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Leng
- College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China.
| | - Xiao Zhang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.
| | - Jie-Hui Yu
- College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China.
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Zhang X, Su M, Zhou H, Leng F, Du J, Li X, Zhang M, Hu Y, Gao Y, Ye Z. Effect of 1-methylcyclopropene on flat peach fruit quality based on electronic senses, LC-MS, and HS-SPME-GC-MS during shelf storage. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Yang J, Zeng W, Fu X, Chen L, Yu X, Xu P, Huang W, Leng F, Yu C, Yang Z. Targeted intelligent mesoporous polydopamine nanosystems for multimodal synergistic tumor treatment. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:5644-5654. [PMID: 35819133 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00973k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Developing intelligent responsive platforms to carry out high-performance therapy is of great interest for the treatment of tumors and their metastases. However, effective drug loading, activity maintenance, off-target leakage, and response to collaborative therapy remain great challenges. Herein, a targeted intelligent responsive mesoporous polydopamine (MPDA) nanosystem was reported for use in gene-mediated photochemotherapy for synergistic tumor treatment. First, the MPDA was surface modified to maintain a positive charge near the surface and to impart active targeting. Then, gambogic acid (GA) was encapsulated in the MPDA, solidified by phase change materials (PCMs), and finally loaded with siRNA by electrostatic interactions to obtain the smart nanodelivery system (PPMD@GA/si). In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that it not only effectively avoids siRNA inactivation and accidental release of GA, but also possesses potential for targeted accumulation to tumor tissue and mild-temperature photothermal therapy and chemotherapy via near infrared (NIR) radiation. Additionally, the release of siRNA could also effectively inhibit tumor invasion and metastasis to realize multimodal synergistic therapy. Overall, our studies provide a promising idea for synergistic tumor and metastasis treatment based on vector construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing pharmacodynamic evaluation engineering technology research center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Weinan Zeng
- Orthopedic Research institution, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxue Fu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing pharmacodynamic evaluation engineering technology research center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Lu Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing pharmacodynamic evaluation engineering technology research center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaojuan Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing pharmacodynamic evaluation engineering technology research center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Ping Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing pharmacodynamic evaluation engineering technology research center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Wenyan Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing pharmacodynamic evaluation engineering technology research center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Feng Leng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing pharmacodynamic evaluation engineering technology research center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Chao Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing pharmacodynamic evaluation engineering technology research center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Zhangyou Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing pharmacodynamic evaluation engineering technology research center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P. R. China.
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Jing W, Jiang M, Fu X, Yang J, Chen L, Leng F, Xu P, Huang W, Yu C, Yang Z. Self-assembly drug-albumin nanocomposites for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 214:697-707. [PMID: 35777511 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic metabolic liver disease closely related to obesity, which has become a global health problem. However, current pharmacological therapies for NAFLD are limited by potential side effects, low effectiveness and poor aqueous solubility. Herein, we designed functionalized drug-albumin nanocomposites (BAM15@BSA NPs), which were prepared by self-assembly of the anti-obesity small-molecule drug (BAM15) and bovine serum albumin (BSA), for treatment of NAFLD. The proposed BAM15@BSA NPs not only improve aqueous solubility and half-life of BAM15 but also exhibit hepatic-targeted capacity and an increased therapeutic efficacy. In vitro experiments revealed that BAM15@BSA NPs possessed excellent biocompatibility, and improved resistance to adipogenesis and reduced lipid accumulation in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. In vivo, BAM15@BSA NPs showed liver targeting ability and powerful anti-obesity effects without altering body temperature or affecting food intake, and could effectively alleviate hepatic steatosis and improve therapeutic efficacy for NAFLD treatment. The above findings demonstrated that BAM15@BSA NPs potentially served as a safe and effective drug for NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Jing
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Mingyue Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Xiaoxue Fu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Lu Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Feng Leng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Ping Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Wenyan Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Chao Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
| | - Zhangyou Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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Yu X, Fu X, Yang J, Chen L, Leng F, Yang Z, Yu C. Glucose/ROS cascade-responsive ceria nanozymes for diabetic wound healing. Mater Today Bio 2022; 15:100308. [PMID: 35711291 PMCID: PMC9194460 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic wounds have an extremely complex microenvironment of hyperglycemia, hypoxia and high reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, the regulation and management of this microenvironment may provide a new and improved treatment method for chronic diabetic wound healing. Herein, a glucose/ROS cascade-responsive nanozyme (CHA@GOx) was developed for diabetic wound treatment based on Ce-driven coassembly by a special dual ligand (alendronic acid and 2-methylimidazole) and glucose oxidase (GOx). It possesses superoxide dismutase and catalase mimic activities, which effectively remove excess ROS. In particular, it can catalyze excessive hydrogen peroxide generated by the glucose oxidation reaction to produce oxygen, regulate the oxygen balance of the wound, and reduce the toxic side effects of GOx, thus achieving the purpose of synergistically repairing diabetic wounds. In vitro experiments show that CHA@GOx assists mouse fibroblast migration and promotes human umbilical vein endothelial cell tube formation. In vivo, it can induce angiogenesis, collagen deposition, and re-epithelialization during wound healing in diabetic mice. Taken together, this study indicates that the coassembly of multifunctional nanozymes has implications in diabetic wound healing.
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Ding RD, Li DD, Leng F, Yu JH, Jia MJ, Xu JQ. A metal-organic framework with rich accessible nitrogen sites for rapid dye adsorption and highly efficient dehydrogenation of formic acid. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:8695-8704. [PMID: 35611578 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00389a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
MOFs with adequate free nitrogen sites have potential applications in dye adsorption and formic acid dehydrogenation. Here, we successfully synthesized a novel 3-D MOF 1 ([(CH3)2NH2][Cd(L)DMA]·0.5DMA·1.5H2O) with a special two-fold interpenetrating framework through a simple solvothermal reaction between CdCl2·1.5H2O and a nitrogen-rich triangular tricarboxylate-based linker (H3L, 4,4',4''-s-triazine-2,4,6-tribenzoic acid). After removing the guest molecules of dimethylacetamide (DMA) and H2O, including the coordinated DMA from 1 by vacuum activation at 423 K, a compound named 1' with a formula of [(CH3)2NH2][Cd(L)] and a similar interpenetrating framework structure was obtained. In comparison with compound 1, the total void volume of 1' is nearly doubled, and thus may provide higher potential for the adsorption of other guest molecules. Notably, the pyridine N atoms located in the middle of the triangular tricarboxylate-based linker are not involved in the coordination with Cd2+, and are all uniformly dispersed throughout the whole framework of the 3-D MOFs. Due to its unique structural features, the 3-D MOF 1' could effectively adsorb the cationic dye MB+ for recycling purposes. The rapid adsorption rate (0.7 × 10-2 g mg-1 min-1) and the relatively high capacity (900 mg g-1) for MB+ demonstrate the potential of 1' in dye adsorption. In addition, 1' may also be used as an effective support to immobilize PdAu NPs via the double-solvent method. The resultant catalyst Pd0.8Au0.2/1' exhibits decent catalytic activity for the dehydrogenation of formic acid with a TOF value of 1854 h-1 at 333 K. The existence of a large void volume and accessible pyridine N atoms provide a suitable environment for achieving a high dispersion of PdAu NPs, thereby leading to the formation of a catalytically active and stable supported noble-metal NP catalyst for H2 generation from formic acid decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Dong Ding
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Dan-Dan Li
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Feng Leng
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Jie-Hui Yu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Ming-Jun Jia
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China.
| | - Ji-Qing Xu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
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Leng F, Zhou J, Wang C, Sun L, Zhang Y, Li Y, Wang L, Wang S, Zhang X, Xie Z. Post-veraison different frequencies of water deficit strategies enhance Reliance grapes quality under root restriction. Food Chem 2022; 390:133181. [PMID: 35567977 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In this study, two water deficit treatments in the same amount of water but with different frequencies (T1: 2.5 L per 4 d and T2: 5 L per 8 d) were performed on Reliance grapevines from veraison until harvest to explore their effects on grape berries quality under root restriction. Results showed that glucose, fructose and sucrose contents were increased, while malic acid, tartaric acid and citric acid contents were decreased under two treatments. Meanwhile, water deficits also promoted the accumulation of phenylalanine and proline. For phenols, anthocyanins, resveratrol and flavonols contents in the water deficit groups were significantly higher than those in the control group. In addition, two water deficit treatments increased the characteristic aromas contents, especially the esters contents. Overall, T2 treatment had a better effect than T1 treatment. This study provided an idea for improving water use efficiency and grape quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Leng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Jialing Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Chengyang Wang
- Zhoushan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang 316000, PR China
| | - Liping Sun
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Youmei Li
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Shiping Wang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xianan Zhang
- Forestry and Fruit Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, PR China.
| | - Zhaosen Xie
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
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Chen L, Yang J, Fu X, Huang W, Yu X, Leng F, Yu C, Yang Z. A targeting mesoporous dopamine nanodrug platform with NIR responsiveness for atherosclerosis improvement. Biomater Adv 2022; 136:212775. [PMID: 35929293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), the formation of plaque lesions in the walls of arteries, causes many mortalities and morbidities worldwide. Currently, achieving site-specific delivery and controlled release at plaques is difficult. Herein, we implemented the strategy of constructing a bionic multifunctional nanoplatform (BM-NP) for targeting and improving plaques. BM-NPs were prepared based on probucol-loaded mesoporous polydopamine (MPDA) carriers and were coated with platelet membranes to impart bionic properties. In vitro experiments confirmed that BM-NPs, which respond to near-infrared (NIR) for drug release, remove reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby reducing the level of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and ultimately helping to inhibit macrophage foaming. In vivo experiments proved that BM-NPs actively accumulated in plaques in the mouse right carotid artery (RCA) ligation model. During treatment, BM-NPs with NIR laser irradiation more effectively reduced the area of plaque deposition and slowed the thickening of the arterial wall intima. More importantly, BM-NPs showed the advantage of inhibiting the increase in triglyceride (TG) content in the body, and good biocompatibility. Hence, our research results indicate that intelligent BM-NPs can be used as a potential nanotherapy to precisely and synergistically improve AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing pharmacodynamic evaluation engineering technology research center, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing pharmacodynamic evaluation engineering technology research center, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaoxue Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing pharmacodynamic evaluation engineering technology research center, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Wenyan Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing pharmacodynamic evaluation engineering technology research center, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaojuan Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing pharmacodynamic evaluation engineering technology research center, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Feng Leng
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing pharmacodynamic evaluation engineering technology research center, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Chao Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing pharmacodynamic evaluation engineering technology research center, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Zhangyou Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing pharmacodynamic evaluation engineering technology research center, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Yang J, Zeng W, Xu P, Fu X, Yu X, Chen L, Leng F, Yu C, Yang Z. Glucose-responsive multifunctional metal-organic drug-loaded hydrogel for diabetic wound healing. Acta Biomater 2022; 140:206-218. [PMID: 34879294 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
As the incidence of diabetes increases, its complication, diabetic foot ulcers, has become the main type of clinically chronic refractory wounds. Due to the hyperglycemic microenvironment of the diabetic wound, which leads to vascular defects and bacterial growth, the therapeutic effect of wound dressings lacking strategic design is relatively limited. In this study, we designed an injectable, "self-healing", and glucose-responsive multifunctional metal-organic drug-loaded hydrogel (DG@Gel) for diabetic wound healing. The functionalized hydrogel was prepared by phase-transfer-mediated metallo-nanodrugs, which were made by co-assembling zinc ions, organic ligands, and a small-molecule drug, deferoxamine mesylate (DFO), and the programmed loading of glucose oxidase (GOX). When injected into a diabetic wound, the GOX in DG@Gel changed the hyperglycemic wound microenvironment by decomposing excess glucose into hydrogen peroxide and glucuronic acid, which decreased the pH of the wound site. The low pH promoted the release of zinc ions and DFO, which exhibited synergistic antibacterial and angiogenesis activity for diabetic wound repair. In vitro experiments revealed the antibacterial activity and the cell proliferation, migration, and tube formation ability of DG@Gel. Moreover, in vivo experiments showed that DG@Gel can induce re-epithelialization, collagen deposition, and angiogenesis during wound healing in diabetic mice with good biocompatibility and biodegradability. The results suggest that this hydrogel is a promising innovative dressing for the treatment of diabetic wounds. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Diabetic ulcers, as one of the main types of chronic refractory wounds, are not treated effectively in the clinic due to a lack of strategic approach. In this study, we designed a glucose-responsive multifunctional metal-organic drug-loaded hydrogel (DG@Gel), which can change the hyperglycemic wound microenvironment by decomposing excess glucose into hydrogen peroxide and glucuronic acid. This in turn promoted the release of zinc ions and deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) in the hydrogel, which exhibited synergistic antibacterial and angiogenic activity for diabetic wound repair. Furthermore, the DG@Gel exhibited good biocompatibility and biodegradability in vivo. In general, this innovative strategy design may have great application potential in the treatment of various chronic wounds.
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Shen N, Zeng W, Leng F, Lu J, Lu Z, Cui J, Wang L, Jin B. Ginkgo seed extract promotes longevity and stress resistance of Caenorhabditis elegans. Food Funct 2021; 12:12395-12406. [PMID: 34812833 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02823e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ginkgo seeds are a traditional food in China valued for their nutritional and health benefits. However, little is known about the anti-aging and health-promoting effects of ginkgo seed products. Here, we showed that ginkgo seed powder extract (GSP-E) is abundant in alkaloids and flavonoids, and can extend the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. GSP-E improved most physiological indicators related to aging of C. elegans, including locomotor activity, reproductive capacity, and resistance to oxidation and heat. Moreover, GSP-E reduced the accumulation of lipofuscin and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in C. elegans. Further studies demonstrated that GSP-E improved longevity and stress resistance by mediating lipid metabolism and autophagy, as well as by regulating gene expression (e.g., FASN-1, POD-2, GPX-7, FAT-5). GSP-E has an anti-amyloid effect and delayed amyloid-induced paralysis of C. elegans. These findings could support the utilization of ginkgo seed as a potential dietary supplement for the health food industry, and provide a novel health-promoting resource against aging and aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Shen
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Wen Zeng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Feng Leng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Jinkai Lu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Zhaogeng Lu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Jiawen Cui
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Li Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Biao Jin
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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12
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Zhu H, Su Z, Ning J, Zhou L, Tan L, Sayed S, Song J, Wang Z, Li H, Sun Q, Liu S, Sha O, Leng F, Chen X, Lu D. Transmembrane protein 97 exhibits oncogenic properties via enhancing LRP6-mediated Wnt signaling in breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:912. [PMID: 34615853 PMCID: PMC8494741 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04211-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Upregulation of transmembrane protein 97 (TMEM97) has been associated with progression and poor outcome in multiple human cancers, including breast cancer. Recent studies suggest that TMEM97 may be involved in the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. However, the molecular mechanism of TMEM97 action on Wnt/β-catenin signaling is completely unclear. In the current study, TMEM97 was identified as an LRP6-interacting protein. TMEM97 could interact with LRP6 intracellular domain and enhance LRP6-mediated Wnt signaling in a CK1δ/ε-dependent manner. The binding of TMEM97 to LRP6 facilitated the recruitment of CK1δ/ε to LRP6 complex, resulting in LRP6 phosphorylation at Ser 1490 and the stabilization of β-catenin. In breast cancer cells, knockout of TMEM97 attenuated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade via regulating LRP6 phosphorylation, leading to a decrease in the expression of Wnt target genes AXIN2, LEF1, and survivin. TMEM97 deficiency also suppressed cell viability, proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, and stemness properties in breast cancer cells. Importantly, TMEM97 knockout suppressed tumor growth through downregulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in a breast cancer xenograft model. Taken together, our results revealed that TMEM97 is a positive modulator of canonical Wnt signaling. TMEM97-mediated Wnt signaling is implicated in the tumorigenesis of breast cancer, and its targeted inhibition may be a promising therapeutic strategy for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zijie Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Research, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 530021, Nanning, China
| | - Jiong Ning
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lifeng Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sapna Sayed
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaxing Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhongyuan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ou Sha
- School of Dentistry, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen University, 518060, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feng Leng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 518055, Shenzhen, China
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4255, USA
| | - Xianxiong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Desheng Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 518055, Shenzhen, China.
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13
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Zhou L, Li W, Wen Y, Fu X, Leng F, Yang J, Chen L, Yu X, Yu C, Yang Z. Chem-inspired hollow ceria nanozymes with lysosome-targeting for tumor synergistic phototherapy. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:2515-2523. [PMID: 33659973 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02837a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The precise operation of the hypoxic tumor microenvironment presents a promising way to improve treatment efficacy, in particular in tumor synergistic phototherapy. This work reports an innovative approach to build adenosine triphosphate-modified hollow ceria nanozymes (ATP-HCNPs@Ce6) that manipulate tumor hypoxia to effectively achieve drug delivery. Hollow ceria nanoparticles (HCNPs) exhibit a controllable hollow structure through varying nitric acid concentrations in the nanocomposites. Specifically, ATP modification makes HCNPs exceptionally biocompatible and stable and acts as a regulator of HCNP enzymatic activity. In the stage of drug loading, newly prepared ATP-HCNPs@Ce6 serves as an in situ oxygen-generating agent because of its ability to simulate catalase. Therefore, ATP-HCNPs@Ce6 has adjustable enzymatic properties that act like a "switch" to selectively supply oxygen in response to high levels of hydrogen peroxide expression and the slightly acidic lysosomal environment of the tumor to enhance lysosome-targeted photodynamic therapy. Moreover, the obvious anticancer effects of ATP-HCNPs@Ce6 are demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Overall, a simple and rapid self-assembly strategy to form and modify multifunctional HCNPs is reported, which may further propel their application in the field of precision tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yilin Wen
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Xiaoxue Fu
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Feng Leng
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Lu Chen
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Yu
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Chao Yu
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Zhangyou Yang
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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14
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Leng F, Ye Y, Zhou J, Jia H, Zhu X, Shi J, Zhang Z, Shen N, Wang L. Transcriptomic and Weighted Gene Co-expression Correlation Network Analysis Reveal Resveratrol Biosynthesis Mechanisms Caused by Bud Sport in Grape Berry. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:690095. [PMID: 34220913 PMCID: PMC8253253 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.690095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol compound produced in response to biotic and abiotic stresses in grape berries. However, changes in resveratrol caused by bud sport in grapes are scarcely reported. In this study, trans-resveratrol and cis-resveratrol were identified and quantified in the grape berries of 'Summer Black' and its bud sport 'Nantaihutezao' from the veraison to ripening stages using ultra performance liquid chromatography-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS). We found that bud sport accumulates the trans-resveratrol earlier and increases the contents of cis-resveratrol in the earlier stages but decreases its contents in the later stages. Simultaneously, we used RNA-Seq to identify 51 transcripts involved in the stilbene pathways. In particular, we further identified 124 and 19 transcripts that negatively correlated with the contents of trans-resveratrol and cis-resveratrol, respectively, and four transcripts encoding F3'5'H that positively correlated with the contents of trans-resveratrol by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). These transcripts may play important roles in relation to the synergistic regulation of metabolisms of resveratrol. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the genetic improvement of grapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Leng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yunling Ye
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jialing Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Huijuan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Shi
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ziyue Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Nan Shen
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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15
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Leng F, Duan S, Song S, Zhao L, Xu W, Zhang C, Ma C, Wang L, Wang S. Comparative Metabolic Profiling of Grape Pulp during the Growth Process Reveals Systematic Influences under Root Restriction. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11060377. [PMID: 34208022 PMCID: PMC8230651 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11060377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The compositions and contents of metabolites in the pulp tissue play critical roles in the fruit quality for table grape. In this study, the effects of root restriction (RR) on the primary and secondary metabolites of pulp tissue at five developmental stages were studied at the metabolomics level, using “Red Alexandria” grape berry (Vitis vinifera L.) as materials. The main results were as follows: 283 metabolites were annotated by using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS); 28 and 16 primary metabolites contents were increased and decreased, and 11 and 19 secondary metabolites contents were increased and decreased, respectively, along the berry development; RR significantly decreased 12 metabolites (four amino acids and derivatives, three organic acids, four flavonoids and one other compound) contents, and improved 40 metabolites (22 amino acids and derivatives, six nucleotides, four carbohydrates, four cofactors, three cinnamic acids and one other compound) accumulation at the different developmental stages. Altogether, our study would be helpful to increase our understanding of grape berry’s responses to RR stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Leng
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (F.L.); (S.D.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (W.X.); (C.Z.); (C.M.); (S.W.)
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shuyan Duan
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (F.L.); (S.D.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (W.X.); (C.Z.); (C.M.); (S.W.)
| | - Shiren Song
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (F.L.); (S.D.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (W.X.); (C.Z.); (C.M.); (S.W.)
| | - Liping Zhao
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (F.L.); (S.D.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (W.X.); (C.Z.); (C.M.); (S.W.)
| | - Wenping Xu
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (F.L.); (S.D.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (W.X.); (C.Z.); (C.M.); (S.W.)
| | - Caixi Zhang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (F.L.); (S.D.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (W.X.); (C.Z.); (C.M.); (S.W.)
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (F.L.); (S.D.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (W.X.); (C.Z.); (C.M.); (S.W.)
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (F.L.); (S.D.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (W.X.); (C.Z.); (C.M.); (S.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-021-5474-0271
| | - Shiping Wang
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (F.L.); (S.D.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (W.X.); (C.Z.); (C.M.); (S.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
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16
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Wu X, Yu M, Zhang Z, Leng F, Ma Y, Xie N, Lu F. DDB2 regulates DNA replication through PCNA-independent degradation of CDT2. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:34. [PMID: 33557942 PMCID: PMC7869461 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00540-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Targeting ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis is one of the strategies in cancer therapy. CRLCDT2 and CRLDDB2 are two key E3 ubiquitin ligases involved in DNA replication and DNA damage repair. But CDT2 and DDB2 are opposite prognostic factors in kinds of cancers, and the underlining mechanism needs to be elucidated. Methods Small interfering RNAs were used to determine the function of target genes. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) was performed to detect the interaction between DDB2 and CDT2. Immunofluorescence assays and fluorescence activating cell sorting (FACS) were used to measure the change of DNA content. In vivo ubiquitination assay was carried out to clarify the ubiquitination of CDT2 mediated by DDB2. Cell synchronization was performed to arrest cells at G1/S and S phase. The mechanism involved in DDB2-mediated CDT2 degradation was investigated by constructing plasmids with mutant variants and measured by Western blot. Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the relationship between DDB2 and CDT2. Paired two-side Student’s t-test was used to measure the significance of the difference between control group and experimental group. Results Knockdown of DDB2 stabilized CDT2, while over-expression of DDB2 enhanced ubiquitination of CDT2, and subsequentially degradation of CDT2. Although both DDB2 and CDT2 contain PIP (PCNA-interacting protein) box, PIP box is dispensable for DDB2-mediated CDT2 degradation. Knockdown of PCNA had negligible effects on the stability of CDT2, but promoted accumulation of CDT1, p21 and SET8. Silencing of DDB2 arrested cell cycle in G1 phase, destabilized CDT1 and reduced the chromatin loading of MCMs, thereby blocked the formation of polyploidy induced by ablation of CDT2. In breast cancer and ovarian teratoma tissues, high level of DDB2 was along with lower level of CDT2. Conclusions We found that CRL4DDB2 is the novel E3 ubiquitin ligases of CDT2, and DDB2 regulates DNA replication through indirectly regulates CDT1 protein stability by degrading CDT2 and promotes the assembly of pre-replication complex. Our results broaden the horizon for understanding the opposite function of CDT2 and DDB2 in tumorigenesis, and may provide clues for drug discovery in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Min Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055, Shenzhen, China.,Research Center for Protein and Cell-based Drugs, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhuxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feng Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ni Xie
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, 518035, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Fei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055, Shenzhen, China.
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Leng F, Ye Y, Zhu X, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Shi J, Shen N, Jia H, Wang L. Comparative transcriptomic analysis between 'Summer Black' and its bud sport 'Nantaihutezao' during developmental stages. Planta 2021; 253:23. [PMID: 33403440 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03543-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
4-coumarate-CoA ligase (VIT_02s0109g00250) and copper amine oxidase (VIT_17s0000g09100) played essential roles in contributing to the total soluble solid and total anthocyanin variations induced by bud sport in grape berries. Taste and color, which are important organoleptic qualities of grape berry, undergo rapid and substantial changes during development and ripening. In this study, we used two cultivars 'Summer Black' and its bud sport 'Nantaihutezao' to explore and identify differentially expressed genes associated with total soluble solid and anthocyanin during developmental stages using RNA-Seq. Overall, substantial differences in expression were observed across berry development between the two cultivars. 5388 genes were detected by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) associated with the total soluble solid (TSS) and anthocyanin contents variations. Several of these genes were significantly enriched in the phenylalanine metabolism pathway; two hub genes 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (VIT_02s0109g00250) and copper amine oxidase (VIT_17s0000g09100) played the most essential roles in relating to the total soluble solid and total anthocyanin variations induced by bud sport through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment and co-expression network analysis. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanism responsible for the bud sport phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Leng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yunling Ye
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xiaoheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Ziyue Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jiayu Shi
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Nan Shen
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Huijuan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Li Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Leng F, Cao J, Ge Z, Wang Y, Zhao C, Wang S, Li X, Zhang Y, Sun C. Transcriptomic Analysis of Root Restriction Effects on Phenolic Metabolites during Grape Berry Development and Ripening. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:9090-9099. [PMID: 32806110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the effects of root restriction (RR) on the main phenolic metabolites and the related gene expression at different developmental stages were studied at the transcriptomic and metabolomic levels in "Summer Black" grape berries (Vitis vinifera × Vitis labrusca). The results were as follows: seven phenolic acid compounds, three stilbene compounds, nine flavonol compounds, 10 anthocyanin compounds, and 24 proanthocyanidin compounds were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. RR treatment significantly promoted the biosynthesis of phenolic acid, trans-resveratrol, flavonol, and anthocyanin and also affected the proanthocyanidin content, which was elevated in the early developmental stages and then reduced in the late developmental stages. The functional genes for phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase, 4-coumarate-CoA ligase, shikimate O-hydroxycinnamoyl transferase, chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, stilbene synthase, flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase, anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase, and the transcription factors MYBA1, MYBA2, MYBA3, and MYBA22 were inferred to play critical roles in the changes regulated by RR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Leng
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Jinping Cao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Ge
- Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Chenning Zhao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Shiping Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xian Li
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Yangzhou Ruiyang Ecological Horticulture Co., Ltd, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Chongde Sun
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
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19
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Li YM, Forney C, Bondada B, Leng F, Xie ZS. The Molecular Regulation of Carbon Sink Strength in Grapevine ( Vitis vinifera L.). Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:606918. [PMID: 33505415 PMCID: PMC7829256 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.606918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Sink organs, the net receivers of resources from source tissues, provide food and energy for humans. Crops yield and quality are improved by increased sink strength and source activity, which are affected by many factors, including sugars and hormones. With the growing global population, it is necessary to increase photosynthesis into crop biomass and yield on a per plant basis by enhancing sink strength. Sugar translocation and accumulation are the major determinants of sink strength, so understanding molecular mechanisms and sugar allocation regulation are conducive to develop biotechnology to enhance sink strength. Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is an excellent model to study the sink strength mechanism and regulation for perennial fruit crops, which export sucrose from leaves and accumulates high concentrations of hexoses in the vacuoles of fruit mesocarp cells. Here recent advances of this topic in grape are updated and discussed, including the molecular biology of sink strength, including sugar transportation and accumulation, the genes involved in sugar mobilization and their regulation of sugar and other regulators, and the effects of hormones on sink size and sink activity. Finally, a molecular basis model of the regulation of sugar accumulation in the grape is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Mei Li
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Charles Forney
- Kentville Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville, NS, Canada
| | - Bhaskar Bondada
- Wine Science Center, Washington State University, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Feng Leng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhao-Sen Xie
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhao-Sen Xie,
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Rivera-Cárcamo C, Leng F, Gerber IC, del Rosal I, Poteau R, Collière V, Lecante P, Nechiyil D, Bacsa W, Corrias A, Axet MR, Serp P. Catalysis to discriminate single atoms from subnanometric ruthenium particles in ultra-high loading catalysts. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00540a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report a procedure for preparing ultra-high metal loading (10–50% w/w Ru) Ru@C60 nanostructured catalysts comprising exclusively Ru single atoms or mixtures of single atoms and clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F. Leng
- LCC-CNRS
- Université de Toulouse
- Toulouse
- France
| | | | | | - R. Poteau
- Université de Toulouse
- INSA
- UPS
- CNRS
- LPCNO (IRSAMC)
| | - V. Collière
- LCC-CNRS
- Université de Toulouse
- Toulouse
- France
| | - P. Lecante
- Centre d'élaboration des matériaux et d'études structurales
- UPR, CNRS, 8011
- 31055 Toulouse
- France
| | - D. Nechiyil
- Centre d'élaboration des matériaux et d'études structurales
- UPR, CNRS, 8011
- 31055 Toulouse
- France
| | - W. Bacsa
- Centre d'élaboration des matériaux et d'études structurales
- UPR, CNRS, 8011
- 31055 Toulouse
- France
| | - A. Corrias
- School of Physical Sciences
- University of Kent Canterbury
- UK
| | - M. R. Axet
- LCC-CNRS
- Université de Toulouse
- Toulouse
- France
| | - P. Serp
- LCC-CNRS
- Université de Toulouse
- Toulouse
- France
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21
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Abstract
Accumulated studies have reported the prognostic significance of prealbumin in liver cancer, but the results were not conclusive. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between pretreatment serum prealbumin and clinical outcome of liver cancer patients through a meta-analysis. We comprehensively searched EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane library to identify eligible studies. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were utilized to evaluate the prognostic value of pretreatment serum prealbumin in overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) of liver cancer patients. A total of 3470 patients from 10 eligible studies were finally included for analysis. The combined effects of prealbumin on liver cancer patients' OS and RFS were HR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.46-2.30, P < 0.001 and HR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.01-2.14, P = 0.045, respectively. Sensitivity and subgroup analysis showed that the pooled HR of prealbumin on liver cancer patients' OS was stable. Since potential publication bias was identified in the OS studies, the trim-and-fill method therefore was performed to explore publication bias, and the results showed reliability. This meta-analysis shows that low pretreatment serum prealbumin is significantly associated with poor prognosis of liver cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhou Qiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Feng Leng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yueying Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Dongjie Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jinlong Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
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22
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Zhang C, Leng F, Saxena L, Hoang N, Yu J, Alejo S, Lee L, Qi D, Lu F, Sun H, Zhang H. Proteolysis of methylated SOX2 protein is regulated by L3MBTL3 and CRL4 DCAF5 ubiquitin ligase. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:476-489. [PMID: 30442713 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
SOX2 is a dose-dependent master stem cell protein that controls the self-renewal and pluripotency or multipotency of embryonic stem (ES) cells and many adult stem cells. We have previously found that SOX2 protein is monomethylated at lysine residues 42 and 117 by SET7 methyltransferase to promote SOX2 proteolysis, whereas LSD1 and PHF20L1 act on both methylated Lys-42 and Lys-117 to prevent SOX2 proteolysis. However, the mechanism by which the methylated SOX2 protein is degraded remains unclear. Here, we report that L3MBTL3, a protein with the malignant-brain-tumor (MBT) methylation-binding domain, is required for SOX2 proteolysis. Our studies showed that L3MBTL3 preferentially binds to the methylated Lys-42 in SOX2, although mutation of Lys-117 also partially reduces the interaction between SOX2 and L3MBTL3. The direct binding of L3MBTL3 to the methylated SOX2 protein leads to the recruitment of the CRL4DCAF5 ubiquitin E3 ligase to target SOX2 protein for ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis. Whereas loss of either LSD1 or PHF20L1 destabilizes SOX2 protein and impairs the self-renewal and pluripotency of mouse ES cells, knockdown of L3MBTL3 or DCAF5 is sufficient to restore the protein levels of SOX2 and rescue the defects of mouse ES cells caused by LSD1 or PHF20L1 deficiency. We also found that retinoic acid-induced differentiation of mouse ES cells is accompanied by the enhanced degradation of the methylated SOX2 protein at both Lys-42 and Lys-117. Our studies provide novel insights into the mechanism by which the methylation-dependent degradation of SOX2 protein is controlled by the L3MBTL3-CRL4DCAF5 ubiquitin ligase complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Zhang
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and.,the School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Leng
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and
| | - Lovely Saxena
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and
| | - Nam Hoang
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and
| | - Jiekai Yu
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and
| | - Salvador Alejo
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and
| | - Logan Lee
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and
| | - Dandan Qi
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and
| | - Fei Lu
- the School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Sun
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and
| | - Hui Zhang
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and
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23
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Leng F, Saxena L, Hoang N, Zhang C, Lee L, Li W, Gong X, Lu F, Sun H, Zhang H. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen interacts with the CRL4 ubiquitin ligase subunit CDT2 in DNA synthesis-induced degradation of CDT1. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:18879-18889. [PMID: 30301766 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
During DNA replication or repair, the DNA polymerase cofactor, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), homotrimerizes and encircles the replicating DNA, thereby acting as a DNA clamp that promotes DNA polymerase processivity. The formation of the PCNA trimer is also essential for targeting the replication-licensing protein, chromatin-licensing, and DNA replication factor 1 (CDT1), for ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis to prevent chromosomal DNA re-replication. CDT1 uses its PCNA-interacting peptide box (PIP box) to interact with PCNA, and the CRL4 E3 ubiquitin ligase subunit CDT2 is recruited through the formation of PCNA-CDT1 complexes. However, it remains unclear how CDT1 and many other PIP box-containing proteins are marked for degradation by the CRL4CDT2 ubiquitin ligase during DNA replication or damage. Here, using recombinant protein expression coupled with site-directed mutagenesis, we report that CDT2 and PCNA directly interact and this interaction depends on the presence of a highly conserved, C-terminal PIP box-like region in CDT2. Deletion or mutation of this region abolished the CDT2-PCNA interaction between CDT2 and PCNA both in vitro and in vivo Moreover, PCNA-dependent CDT1 degradation in response to DNA damage and replication during the cell cycle requires an intact PIP box in CDT2. The requirement of the PIP boxes in both CDT2 and its substrate CDT1 suggests that the formation of the PCNA trimeric clamp around DNA during DNA replication and repair may bring together CDT1 and CRL4CDT2 ubiquitin E3 ligase to target CDT1 for proteolysis in a DNA synthesis-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Leng
- From the School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China and.,the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154
| | - Lovely Saxena
- the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154
| | - Nam Hoang
- the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154
| | - Chunxiao Zhang
- From the School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China and.,the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154
| | - Logan Lee
- the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154
| | - Wenjing Li
- From the School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China and.,the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154
| | - Xiaoshan Gong
- the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154
| | - Fei Lu
- From the School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China and
| | - Hong Sun
- the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154
| | - Hui Zhang
- the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154
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24
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Leng F, Cao J, Wang S, Jiang L, Li X, Sun C. Transcriptomic Analyses of Root Restriction Effects on Phytohormone Content and Signal Transduction during Grape Berry Development and Ripening. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082300. [PMID: 30082597 PMCID: PMC6121528 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytohormones strongly influence growth, development and nutritional quality of agricultural products by modulating molecular and biochemical changes. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of root restriction (RR) treatment on the dynamic changes of main phytohormones during the berry development and ripening of “Summer Black” early ripening seedless grape (Vitis vinifera × V. labrusca), and to analyze the changes in the biosynthesis and signal transduction pathways of phytohormones by transcriptomics. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS) were used to quantify the phytohormone levels, and RNA-Seq was used to analyze the transcript abundance. The results showed that 23 transcripts involved in the phytohormone biosynthesis and 34 transcripts involved in the signal transduction pathways were significantly changed by RR treatment. RR also increased abscisic acid, brassinosteroid, ethylene, jasmonic acid and salicylic acid levels, while decreasing auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin contents. The results of the present study suggest that RR treatment can accelerate the grape ripening process, and specific candidate genes were identified for further functional analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Leng
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Jinping Cao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Shiping Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Ling Jiang
- Wujiang Research Institute of Grape, Jinhua 321017, China.
| | - Xian Li
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Chongde Sun
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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25
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Hoang N, Zhang X, Zhang C, Vo V, Leng F, Saxena L, Yin F, Lu F, Zheng G, Bhowmik P, Zhang H. New histone demethylase LSD1 inhibitor selectively targets teratocarcinoma and embryonic carcinoma cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:1523-1537. [PMID: 29439916 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
LSD1/KDM1 is a histone demethylase that preferentially removes methyl groups from the mono- and di-methylated lysine 4 in histone H3 (H3K4), key marks for active chromatin for transcriptional activation. LSD1 is essential for pluripotent embryonic stem cells and embryonic teratocarcinoma/carcinoma cells and its expression is often elevated in various cancers. We developed a new LSD1 inhibitor, CBB3001, which potently inhibited LSD1 activity both in vitro and in vivo. CBB3001 also selectively inhibited the growth of human ovarian teratocarcinoma PA-1 and mouse embryonic carcinoma F9 cells, caused the downregulation of pluripotent stem cell proteins SOX2 and OCT4. However, CBB3001 does not have significant inhibition on the growth of human colorectal carcinoma HCT116 cells or mouse fibroblast NIH3T3 cells that do not express these stem cell proteins. Our studies strongly indicate that CBB3001 is a specific LSD1 inhibitor that selectively inhibits teratocarcinoma and embryonic carcinoma cells that express SOX2 and OCT4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Hoang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Chunxiao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA; School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Van Vo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Feng Leng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA; School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lovely Saxena
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Feng Yin
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Fei Lu
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guangrong Zheng
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Pradip Bhowmik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
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26
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Zhang C, Hoang N, Leng F, Saxena L, Lee L, Alejo S, Qi D, Khal A, Sun H, Lu F, Zhang H. LSD1 demethylase and the methyl-binding protein PHF20L1 prevent SET7 methyltransferase-dependent proteolysis of the stem-cell protein SOX2. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:3663-3674. [PMID: 29358331 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The pluripotency-controlling stem-cell protein SRY-box 2 (SOX2) plays a pivotal role in maintaining the self-renewal and pluripotency of embryonic stem cells and also of teratocarcinoma or embryonic carcinoma cells. SOX2 is monomethylated at lysine 119 (Lys-119) in mouse embryonic stem cells by the SET7 methyltransferase, and this methylation triggers ubiquitin-dependent SOX2 proteolysis. However, the molecular regulators and mechanisms controlling SET7-induced SOX2 proteolysis are unknown. Here, we report that in human ovarian teratocarcinoma PA-1 cells, methylation-dependent SOX2 proteolysis is dynamically regulated by the LSD1 lysine demethylase and a methyl-binding protein, PHD finger protein 20-like 1 (PHF20L1). We found that LSD1 not only removes the methyl group from monomethylated Lys-117 (equivalent to Lys-119 in mouse SOX2), but it also demethylates monomethylated Lys-42 in SOX2, a reaction that SET7 also regulated and that also triggered SOX2 proteolysis. Our studies further revealed that PHF20L1 binds both monomethylated Lys-42 and Lys-117 in SOX2 and thereby prevents SOX2 proteolysis. Down-regulation of either LSD1 or PHF20L1 promoted SOX2 proteolysis, which was prevented by SET7 inactivation in both PA-1 and mouse embryonic stem cells. Our studies also disclosed that LSD1 and PHF20L1 normally regulate the growth of pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells and PA-1 cells by preventing methylation-dependent SOX2 proteolysis. In conclusion, our findings reveal an important mechanism by which the stability of the pluripotency-controlling stem-cell protein SOX2 is dynamically regulated by the activities of SET7, LSD1, and PHF20L1 in pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Zhang
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and.,the Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Nam Hoang
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and
| | - Feng Leng
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and.,the Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lovely Saxena
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and
| | - Logan Lee
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and
| | - Salvador Alejo
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and
| | - Dandan Qi
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and.,the Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Anthony Khal
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and
| | - Hong Sun
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and
| | - Fei Lu
- the Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154 and
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28
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Leng F, Tang D, Lin Q, Cao J, Wu D, Wang S, Sun C. Transcriptomic Analyses of Ascorbic Acid and Carotenoid Metabolites Influenced by Root Restriction during Grape Berry Development and Ripening. J Agric Food Chem 2017; 65:2008-2016. [PMID: 28177240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) and carotenoids are recognized as crucial metabolites for various biological processes in plants. The contents of AsA and carotenoids in fruits are influenced by external environmental stimuli, such as water, temperature, light, and hormones. However, it is still not clear whether it can be affected by root restriction (RR) treatment. In this study, "Summer Black" grape berries (Vitis vinifera × V. labrusca) under RR and control treatments during development and ripening were used as materials. The results showed that RR significantly increased the contents of AsA, and the transcript VIT_08s0040g03150 related to AsA recycling pathways may be the main regulator for AsA. Similarly, the contents of most of the carotenoids at the earlier stages significantly increased by RR; the enzyme crtB encoded by VIT_12s0028g00960 and the enzyme crtZ encoded by VIT_02s0025g00240 and VIT_16s0050g01090 were inferred to play major roles in the carotenoid metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Leng
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University , Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Tang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University , Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Lin
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University , Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Opening Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinping Cao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University , Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Linhai 317000, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wu
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University , Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiping Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongde Sun
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Zhejiang University , Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
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29
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Liu H, Leng F, Chen P, Kueppers S. Pollutant removal characteristics of a two-influent-line BNR process performing denitrifying phosphorus removal: role of sludge recycling ratios. Water Sci Technol 2016; 74:2474-2482. [PMID: 27858804 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2016.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper studied denitrifying phosphorus removal of a novel two-line biological nutrient removal process treating low strength domestic wastewater under different sludge recycling ratios. Mass balance of intracellular compounds including polyhydroxyvalerate, polyhydroxybutyrate and glycogen was investigated together with total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP). Results showed that sludge recycling ratios had a significant influence on the use of organics along bioreactors and 73.6% of the average removal efficiency was obtained when the influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) ranged from 175.9 mgL-1 to 189.9 mgL-1. The process performed better under a sludge recycling ratio of 100% compared to 25% and 50% in terms of ammonia and COD removal rates. Overall, TN removal efficiency for 50% and 100% sludge recycling ratios were 56.4% and 61.9%, respectively, unlike the big gap for carbon utilization and the TP removal rates, indicating that the effect of sludge recycling ratio on the anaerobic compartments had been counteracted by change in the efficiency of other compartments. The higher ratio of sludge recycling was conducive to the removal of TN, not in favor of TP, and less influence on COD. Thus, 25% was considered to be the optimal sludge recycling ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Liu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093 Shanghai, China E-mail:
| | - Feng Leng
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093 Shanghai, China E-mail:
| | - Piao Chen
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 200093 Shanghai, China E-mail:
| | - Stephan Kueppers
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, ZEA-3, Wilhelm-Johnen-Str., 52428 Jülich, Germany
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30
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Leng F, Gerber IC, Lecante P, Bacsa W, Miller J, Gallagher JR, Moldovan S, Girleanu M, Axet MR, Serp P. Synthesis and structure of ruthenium-fullerides. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12023g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a simple and original procedure for preparing Ru–C60 polymeric chains, which spontaneously self-assemble as polymeric spherical particles, and can be surface decorated with Ru nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Leng
- CNRS
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination)
- Composante ENSIACET
- F-31030 Toulouse Cedex 4
- France
| | | | - P. Lecante
- Centre d'élaboration des Matériaux et d'études Structurales UPR CNRS 8011
- 31055 Toulouse
- France
| | - W. Bacsa
- Centre d'élaboration des Matériaux et d'études Structurales UPR CNRS 8011
- 31055 Toulouse
- France
| | - J. Miller
- Argonne National Laboratory
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division
- Argonne
- USA
| | - J. R. Gallagher
- Argonne National Laboratory
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division
- Argonne
- USA
| | - S. Moldovan
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg
- UMR 7504 CNRS-UdS
- 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2
- France
| | - M. Girleanu
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg
- UMR 7504 CNRS-UdS
- 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2
- France
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicales des Armées
| | - M. R. Axet
- CNRS
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination)
- Composante ENSIACET
- F-31030 Toulouse Cedex 4
- France
| | - P. Serp
- CNRS
- LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination)
- Composante ENSIACET
- F-31030 Toulouse Cedex 4
- France
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Cao J, Li X, Liu Y, Leng F, Li X, Sun C, Chen K. Bioassay-Based Isolation and Identification of Phenolics from Sweet Cherry That Promote Active Glucose Consumption by HepG2 Cells. J Food Sci 2015; 80:C234-40. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Cao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth; Development and Quality Improvement; Zhejiang University; Zijingang Campus; Hangzhou 310058 PR China
| | - Xin Li
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth; Development and Quality Improvement; Zhejiang University; Zijingang Campus; Hangzhou 310058 PR China
| | - Yunxi Liu
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology and Biochemical Pharmaceutics; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Zhejiang University; Zijingang Campus; Hangzhou 310058 PR China
| | - Feng Leng
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth; Development and Quality Improvement; Zhejiang University; Zijingang Campus; Hangzhou 310058 PR China
| | - Xian Li
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth; Development and Quality Improvement; Zhejiang University; Zijingang Campus; Hangzhou 310058 PR China
| | - Chongde Sun
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth; Development and Quality Improvement; Zhejiang University; Zijingang Campus; Hangzhou 310058 PR China
| | - Kunsong Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth; Development and Quality Improvement; Zhejiang University; Zijingang Campus; Hangzhou 310058 PR China
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Abstract
Ethidium was found to be efficiently cross-linked to DNA by glyoxal. Kinetic studies showed that the rate of the cross-linking reaction is strongly dependent on the glyoxal concentration. Comparative studies using a series of phenanthridines and acridines showed that NH2 groups at both the 2 and 7 positions on the phenanthridine ring are necessary for efficient cross-linking. Studies using synthetic polydeoxynucleotides showed that the 2-amino group of guanine is absolutely required for cross-linking. Fluorescence contact energy transfer and relative viscosity experiments showed that the cross-linked drug remains intercalated into DNA. DNA gel electrophoresis and melting studies demonstrated that cross-linked ethidium does not dissociate the DNA double helix to single strands.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Leng
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216-4505, USA
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Abstract
Differential scanning calorimetry and absorption spectroscopy were used to characterize the interaction of the new bisintercalating anthracycline antibiotic, WP631, with DNA. The method of continuous variations revealed five distinct binding modes for WP631, corresponding to 6, 3, 1.3, 0.5, and 0.25 mol of base pairs (bp) per mole of ligand. The binding of one drug to 6 bp corresponds to the bisintercalative binding mode determined previously, and was the mode studied in detail. UV melting experiments and differential scanning calorimetry were used to measure the ultratight binding of WP631 to DNA. The binding constant for the interaction of WP631 with herring sperm DNA was determined to be 3.1 (+/- 0.2) x 10(11) M-1 at 20 degrees C. The large, favorable binding free energy of -15.3 kcal mol-1 was found to result from a large, negative enthalpic contribution of -30.2 kcal mol-1. DNA melting curves at different concentrations of WP631 were fitted to McGhee's model of DNA melting in the presence of ligands, yielding an independent estimate of DNA binding parameters. The salt dependence of the WP631 binding constant was examined, yielding a slope SK = delta (log K)/delta (log[Na+]) = 1.63. The observed salt dependence of the equilibrium constant, interpreted according to polyelectrolyte theory, indicates that there is a significant nonpolyelectrolyte contribution to the binding free energy. DNA melting studies using a homogeneous 214 bp DNA fragment showed that WP631 binds preferentially to the GC-rich region of the DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Leng
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216-4505, USA
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Abstract
The application of detailed structural data bases has now culminated in the successful design of a new generation of bisanthracyclines that form ultratight DNA complexes [Chaires, J. B., Leng, F., Przewloka, T., Fokt, I., Ling, Y. H., Perez-Soler, R., & Priebe, W. (1997) J. Med. Chem. 40, 261-266]. Daunomycin dimers were designed to bind to DNA in complexes resembling those of monomers intercalated at adjacent sites. The goal of the work described here was to determine, with X-ray crystallography, if a potent member of this newly designed and synthesized class of bisanthracyclines (WP631) binds as intended. WP631 is composed of two daunomycin molecules, linked N3' to N3' by a xylyl group. We have solved the 2.2 A X-ray crystal structure of a complex of WP631 bound to [d(CGATCG)]2. We demonstrate, on a detailed molecular level, that the WP631 design strategy is a success. The structures of WP631 and two daunomycin molecules bound to [d(CGATCG)]2 provide the unprecedented opportunity for detailed comparison of mono- and bis-intercalated complexes of the same chromophore, allowing us to distinguish effects of mono-intercalation from those of bis-intercalation. Differences are focused primarily in the centers of the complexes. DNA unwinding and other helical distortions propagate more efficiently to the center of the WP631 complex than to the center of the daunomycin complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- G G Hu
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332-0400, USA
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Abstract
We have used Xenopus egg extracts to investigate the effects of the antitumor drug daunomycin on DNA replication in vitro. Xenopus sperm nuclei replicated nearly synchronously in our egg extracts, thereby allowing us to determine the effects of the drug on both replication initiation and elongation. Titration experiments demonstrated that daunomycin effectively inhibited replication in the extract, with 50% inhibition at a total drug concentration of 2.7 microM. However, a high concentration of daunomycin (50 microM) also inhibited nuclear envelope assembly, a prerequisite for the initiation of replication in this system. Therefore, to bypass the effects of daunomycin on nuclear envelope assembly, sperm nuclei were preassembled in extract prior to drug addition. Initiation of replication in preassembled nuclei was also inhibited by daunomycin, with 50% inhibition at a drug concentration of 3.6 microM. At low drug concentrations, where replication did occur, the synchrony of initiations within individual nuclei was lost. This drug-induced disruption of initiation events may provide important clues regarding the mechanism(s) by which these events are coordinated in eukaryotic cells. Daunomycin also inhibited replication elongation in preassembled, preinitiated nuclei. However, the concentration of drug required for 50% inhibition of elongation was nearly fourfold higher than the required for inhibition of initiation. Taken together, these data demonstrate that Xenopus egg extract can be used to investigate the effects of DNA-binding antitumor drugs on a number of interrelated cellular processes, many of which are less tractable in whole cell systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Leng
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216-4505, USA
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Chaires JB, Leng F, Przewloka T, Fokt I, Ling YH, Perez-Soler R, Priebe W. Structure-based design of a new bisintercalating anthracycline antibiotic. J Med Chem 1997; 40:261-6. [PMID: 9022792 DOI: 10.1021/jm9607414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A new bisintercalating anthracycline antibiotic, WP631, has been designed and synthesized. The rational design of the new compound was based upon the geometry of monomeric anthracyclines bound to DNA oligonucleotides observed in high-resolution crystal structures. Monomeric units of daunorubicin have been linked through their reactive 3' NH2 substituents on the daunosamine moieties to form the new bisanthracycline WP631. Viscosity studies confirmed that WP631 binds to DNA by bisintercalation. Differential scanning calorimetry and UV melting experiments were used to measure the ultratight binding of WP631 to DNA. The binding constant for the interaction of WP631 with herring sperm DNA was determined to be 2.7 x 10(11) M-1 at 20 degrees C. The large, favorable binding free energy of -15.3 kcal mol-1 was found to result from a large, negative enthalpic contribution of -30.2 kcal mol-1. A molecular model was generated that shows the favorable stereochemical fit of the linker in the DNA minor groove. The cytotoxicity of WP631 was compared to that of doxorubicin using MCF-7-sensitive and MCF-7/VP-16 MRP-mediated multidrug-resistant cell lines. These initial studies showed that while WP631 is slightly less cytotoxic than doxorubicin in the sensitive cell line, it appears to overcome MRP-mediated multidrug resistance and was much more cytotoxic against the MCF-7/VP-16 cell line than was doxorubicin. The design of new potential anticancer agents based on known structural principles was found to produce a compound with significantly increased DNA binding affinity and with interesting biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Chaires
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216-4505, USA
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