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Baramaki I, Altıntop MD, Arslan R, Alyu Altınok F, Özdemir A, Dallali I, Hasan A, Bektaş Türkmen N. Design, Synthesis, and In Vivo Evaluation of a New Series of Indole-Chalcone Hybrids as Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Agents. ACS Omega 2024; 9:12175-12183. [PMID: 38497028 PMCID: PMC10938421 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Indole-chalcone hybrids have burst into prominence as potent weapons in the battle against pain and inflammation due to their unique features, allowing these ligands to form pivotal interactions with biological targets. In this context, the base-catalyzed Claisen-Schmidt condensation of 3',4'-(methylenedioxy)acetophenone with heteroaromatic aldehydes carrying an indole scaffold yielded new chalcones (1-7). The central and peripheral antinociceptive activities of all chalcones (compounds 1-7) at the dose of 10 mg/kg (i.p.) were evaluated by hot plate (supraspinal response), tail immersion (spinal response), and acetic acid-induced writhing tests in mice. The anti-inflammatory activities of compounds 1-7 were also investigated by means of a carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema model. The results revealed that compounds 1-7 extended the latency of response to thermal stimulus significantly in a hot-plate test similar to dipyrone (300 mg/kg; i.p.), the positive control drug. However, only compounds 2-7 were found to be significantly effective in the tail-immersion test. Compounds 1-7 also significantly showed analgesic effect by reducing the number of writhes and anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting edema formation at different time intervals and levels. 1-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (4) drew attention by providing the highest efficacy results in both acute analgesia and inflammation models. Based on the in silico data acquired from the QikProp module, compound 4 was predicted to possess favorable oral bioavailability and drug-like properties. Taken together, it can be concluded that chalcones (1-7), especially compound 4, are outstanding candidates for further research to investigate their potential use in the management of pain and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Baramaki
- Laboratory
of Neurotherapeutics, Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology
and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mehlika Dilek Altıntop
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Rana Arslan
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu
University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Feyza Alyu Altınok
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu
University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Özdemir
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Ilhem Dallali
- Department
of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Ahmed Hasan
- Department
of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Bektaş Türkmen
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu
University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
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