1
|
Fathi J, Ebrahimi F, Nazarian S, Hajizade A, Malekzadegan Y, Abdi A. Production of egg yolk antibody (IgY) against shiga-like toxin (stx) and evaluation of its prophylaxis potency in mice. Microb Pathog 2020; 145:104199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
2
|
Hosseini SA, Nazarian S, Ebrahimi F, Hajizade A. Immunogenicity Evaluation of Recombinant Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxin B (rSEB) and rSEB-loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Following Nasal Administration. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2020; 19:159-171. [PMID: 32372629 DOI: 10.18502/ijaai.v19i2.2767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), apotent superantigen, is responsible for many disorders caused by Staphylococcus aureus. With regard to the appearance of multidrug-resistant strains of the bacteria, there is a great need to develop an efficient vaccine against this pathogen. In the present study, the immunogenicity of recombinant SEB was evaluated following nasal administration to BABLB/c mice. Indeed, the rSEB protein was entrapped into chitosan nanoparticles and the immunogenicity of nano-formulation was investigated. SEB protein was expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) and purified by using a nickel column. Chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized in the presence of rSEB; using the ionic gelation technique. Synthesized NPs containing rSEB and bare rSEB were administered to mice nasally. Serum and stool IgG and IgA antibody showed that both formulations were able to evoke the mice's immune responses and there was no significant difference between them. Results of the toxin neutralization test on Vero cells indicated that the sera of the immunized mice had an inhibitory effect on the growth of these cells (p<0.001). Nasal administration of bare rSEB could efficiently simulate the mice's immune system and nano-delivery of this protein via nasal route had not a significant impact on its immunogenicity improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Amir Hosseini
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shahram Nazarian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Firouz Ebrahimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abbas Hajizade
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hajizade A, Salmanian AH, Amani J, Ebrahimi F, Arpanaei A. EspA-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles can efficiently protect animal model against enterohaemorrhagic E. coli O157: H7. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 2019; 46:S1067-S1075. [PMID: 30638077 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1529676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the application of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) loaded with recombinant EspA protein, an immunogen of enterohaemorrhagic E. coli, was investigated in the case of BALB/c mice immunization against the bacterium. MSNPs of 96.9 ± 15.9 nm in diameter were synthesized using template removing method. The immunization of mice was carried out orally and subcutaneously. Significant immune responses to the antigen were observed for the immunized mice when rEspA-loaded MSNPs were administered in both routes in comparison to that of the antigen formulated using a well-known adjuvant, i.e. Freund's. According to the titretitre of serum IL-4, the most potent humoral responses were observed when the mice were immunized subcutaneously with antigen-loaded MSNPs (244, 36 and 14 ng/dL of IL-4 in the serum of mice immunized subcutaneously or orally by antigen-loaded MSNPs, and subcutaneously by Freund's adjuvant formulated-antigen, respectively). However, the difference in serum IgG and serum IgA was not significant in mice subcutaneously immunized with antigen-loaded MSNPs and mice immunized with Freund's adjuvant formulated-antigen. Finally, the immunized mice were challenged orally by enterohaemorrhagic E. coli cells. The amount of bacterial shedding was significantly reduced in faecesfaeces of the animals immunized by antigen-loaded MSNPs in both subcutaneous and oral routes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Hajizade
- a Applied Biotechnology Research Centre , Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Ali Hatef Salmanian
- b Agriculture Biotechnology Department , National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Tehran , Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- c Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute , Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Firouz Ebrahimi
- d Biology Research Centre , Imam Hossein University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Ayyoob Arpanaei
- e Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology , National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Tehran , Iran
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hashemzadeh MS, Mousavy SJ, Dorostkar R, Fotouhi F, Ebrahimi F. Designing Two Individual AcMNPV Polyhedrin-Plus Bac-to-Bac Expression System in order to Express GFP and CPV-VP2 in Insect Cells. Iran J Biotechnol 2018; 15:172-178. [PMID: 29845066 DOI: 10.15171/ijb.1558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background: The importance of viral protein-2 (VP2) of canine parvovirus (CPV) in binding to human cancer cells, production of veterinary vaccines and diagnostic kits has motivated several researches on producing this protein. Objectives: Our purpose was to construct recombinant bacmid shuttle vectors expressing VP2 of CPV using Bac-to-Bac baculoviral expression system. Materials and Methods: Mini-Tn7 transposones engineered in pFastBac1 donor vectors were used to construct expression cassettes of GFP and CPV-VP2. The plasmids were transferred into E. coli DH10Bac competent cells. Site-specific transposition of the genes into bacmid was accomplished using helper plasmid. Occurrence of Transposition was confirmed via PCR using specific primers and PUC/M13 universal primers. The recombinant bacmid DNAs were transfected into Sf9 cells using cationic lipids to generate new recombinant baculoviruses expressing GFP and CPV-VP2. GFP and VP2 expressions were evaluated by fluorescence microscopy and western analysis, respectively. Results: Cloning, subcloning and recombination processes of both GFP and VP2 were accomplished and verified. Accuracy of transfection process was confirmed by GFP fluorescence microscopy.VP2 expression was verified by SDS-PAGE and western analysis. Conclusions: Two Bac-to-Bac expression systems were designed to produce recombinant VP2 and GFP in insect cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sadegh Hashemzadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran.,Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Jafar Mousavy
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ruhollah Dorostkar
- Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fotouhi
- Department of Influenza and other Respiratory viruses, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firouz Ebrahimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Barati B, Ebrahimi F, Nazarian S. Production of Chicken Egg Yolk Antibody (IgY) Against Recombinant Cholera Toxin B Subunit and Evaluation of Its Prophylaxis Potency in Mice. Iran J Immunol 2018; 15:47-58. [PMID: 29549232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholera toxin (CT), responsible for the harmful effects of cholera infection, is made up of one A subunit (enzymatic), and five B subunits (cell binding). The release of cholera toxin is the main reason for the debilitating loss of intestinal fluid. Inhibition of the B subunit (CTB) may block CT activity. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of anti CTB-IgY against oral challenge with V. cholera in suckling infant mice. METHODS The binding domain of cholera toxin was amplified and ligated into pET28a vector. The pET28a (+)/ctb expression vector was confirmed by endonuclease digestion and sequence analysis. The expression of recombinant CTB in E. coli was performed by induction with IPTG. After immunizing the chickens with recombinant CTB, IgY was purified by water dilution method and NaCl precipitation and analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Moreover, the activity and specificity of the IgY antibody were assessed by ELISA. RESULTS The SDS-PAGE and western blot techniques showed that CTB protein was successfully expressed and specifically recognized by polyclonal antibodies against the cholera toxin. The oral administration of anti- (V. cholera+CTB) in infant mice in challenge with active V. cholera bacterium demonstrated high rate of survival. CONCLUSION The increase in the number of antibiotic resistant bacteria implies the necessity of finding novel antibiotics. Our results suggest the possibility of passive protection from purified IgY, hence implying that anti CTB-IgY may be useful in the treatment of cholera infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Babak Barati
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bakhshi M, Ebrahimi F, Nazarian S, Zargan J, Behzadi F, Gariz DS. Nano-encapsulation of chicken immunoglobulin (IgY) in sodium alginate nanoparticles: In vitro characterization. Biologicals 2017; 49:69-75. [PMID: 28693954 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlled delivery of therapeutic agents by alginate nanoparticles became an attractive issue in the gastric organ. Some therapeutic agents such as proteins could not tolerate in severe condition in the gastrointestinal tract. In the present study, four concentrations of a specific IgY as a prophylactic agent against E. coli O157: H7 was entrapped in 0.2% w/v sodium alginate nanoparticles by ionic gelation method. Depending on the IgY concentration entrapment efficacy was 28.31-99.84%. The physicochemical and structural characteristics of free and IgY-loaded Alg NPs revealed that the individual particles exhibited a spherical shape with a diameter of 45-85 nm, and a negatively charged surface with a zeta potential value of 26-36 mV. In vitro release study showed a high significant difference of released amounts of IgY at 10% and 99.84% in simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2) and simulated intestine fluid (pH 6.8), respectively. Also, the quality and activity of released IgY from Alg NPs not changed. The cytotoxicity of different concentrations of Alg NPs on the Vero cells was measured. Our results indicated that Alg NPs prepared from 0.2%w/v stock solution could be appropriate candidates for efficient and safe delivery of IgY through the gastrointestinal tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Bakhshi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firouz Ebrahimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shahram Nazarian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamil Zargan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faeze Behzadi
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dawood Sadeghi Gariz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ebrahimi F. Determining the influence of game treatment on decreasing divorce children's’ stress. Eur Psychiatry 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionOne of the main challenges facing the fact that every society has always called divorce. Phenomenon in modern societies is growing at a rapid rate and adverse effects of economic, social and especially psychological, parents and children.AimThis study pays to determining the influence of game treatment on decreasing divorce children's’ stress.MethodsThe method of study is of testing in which statistical society of study includes all children (girl and boy) of divorced parents. From all statistical society, we have selected a sample about 26 persons by randomly sampling. The instrument for gathering information in this study includes children stress test (SCARED) in which has been studied sample after measuring its narration and stability.ResultThe result of dependent t-test and covariance analysis showed game treatment has meaningful and positive influence on children stress.ConclusionsThe amount of its interference on decreasing divorce children stress is about 83%. It means 83% of the whole remained scores variance is related to game treatment interference.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Collapse
|
8
|
Ebrahimi F, Farazi R, Karimi E, Beygi H. Dichlorodimethylsilane mediated one-step synthesis of hydrophilic and hydrophobic silica nanoparticles. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2016.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
9
|
Pouranvari S, Ebrahimi F, Javadi G, Maddah B. Cloning, Expression, and Cost Effective Purification of Authentic Human Epidermal Growth Factor With High Activity. Iran Red Crescent Med J 2016; 18:e24966. [PMID: 27247796 PMCID: PMC4884627 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.24966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays a fundamental role in the healing of wounds relating to skin damage, the cornea, and the gastrointestinal tract. Objectives: The aim of this study is the cloning, expression, and purification of recombinant human EGF (rhEGF), and an assessment of its activity. Materials and Methods: In the present experimental study, a synthetic pET28a (+) -hEGF construct was prepared. In order to ligate hEGF into pET24a (+), the PCR technique was performed, using special primers that possess restriction enzyme sites, which are also located in appropriate sites in pET24a (+). After transferring this construct into E. coli cells, protein expression was performed under standard conditions. Protein solubilization was done by urea. hEGF purification and refolding were carried out using gradient dialysis against the urea. We used RP-HPLC to compare between rhEGF and commercial rhEGF as a control. Finally, an MTT assay was performed to assess the viability of the NIH 3T3 cells treated with various concentrations of rhEGF. Results: Dialysis after urea solubilization caused precipitation of unwanted proteins, resulting in achievement of purified EGF with > 90% purity, without the need for expensive and time-consuming process. The MTT assay results showed that our rhEGF activate significantly higher proliferation of NIH 3T3 cells in comparison to the control (P-values were < 0.0001), in total concentrations and times evaluated Conclusions: Via our purification protocol, a sufficient amount of bioactive recombinant human epidermal growth factor was obtained in just a few affordable steps, with superlative purity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pouranvari
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Firouz Ebrahimi
- Biology Research Center, Basic Sciences Faculty, Imam Hossein University (IHU), Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Firouz Ebrahimi, Biology Research Center, Basic Sciences Faculty, Imam Hossein University (IHU), Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9123068466, Fax: +98-02177104934, E-mail:
| | - Gholamreza Javadi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Bozorgmehr Maddah
- Department of Chemistry, Basic Sciences Faculty, Imam Hossein University (IHU), Tehran, IR Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Moustakis C, Ernst I, Kittel C, Eich H, Krieger T, Duma M, Oechsner M, Ganswindt U, Heinz C, Alheit H, Blank H, Nestle U, Wiehle R, Kornhuber C, Ostheimer C, Petersen C, Albers D, Pollul G, Baus W, Altenstein G, Blanck O, Beckers E, Sterzing F, Kretschmer M, Seegenschmiedt H, Maass T, Droege S, Wolf U, Schoeffler J, Thiele M, Ciernik I, Ebrahimi F, Guckenberger M. Results of the Planning Comparison Study SBRT of NSCLC. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
11
|
Grajewski L, Kneifel C, Ciernik I, Ebrahimi F, Krause L. Clinical Experience with the Ruthenium- plaque Brachytherapy in Case of Choroidal Melanoma. Acta Ophthalmol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2015.0615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Grajewski
- Department of Ophthalmology; Städtisches Klinikum Dessau; Dessau Germany
| | - C. Kneifel
- Department of Ophthalmology; Städtisches Klinikum Dessau; Dessau Germany
| | - I. Ciernik
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology; Städtisches Klinikum Dessau; Dessau Germany
| | - F. Ebrahimi
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology; Städtisches Klinikum Dessau; Dessau Germany
| | - L. Krause
- Department of Ophthalmology; Städtisches Klinikum Dessau; Dessau Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ebrahimi F, Gopalan V, Wahab R, Smith R, Lam A. 148 MIR-126 expression and redugaltion in colorectal cancer biology and its impact on clinicopathological features. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)30046-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
13
|
Ebrahimi F, Raman R. Plasmoids Formation During Simulations of Coaxial Helicity Injection in the National Spherical Torus Experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:205003. [PMID: 26047235 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.205003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The formation of an elongated Sweet-Parker current sheet and a transition to plasmoid instability has for the first time been predicted by simulations in a large-scale toroidal fusion plasma in the absence of any preexisting instability. Plasmoid instability is demonstrated through resistive MHD simulations of transient coaxial helicity injection experiments in the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX). Consistent with the theory, fundamental characteristics of the plasmoid instability, including fast reconnection rate, have been observed in these realistic simulations. Motivated by the simulations, experimental camera images have been revisited and suggest the existence of reconnecting plasmoids in NSTX. Global, system-size plasmoid formation observed here should also have strong implications for astrophysical reconnection, such as rapid eruptive solar events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Ebrahimi
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - R Raman
- University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
|
15
|
Kamalinasab Z, Mahdavi A, Ebrahimi M, Vahidi Nekoo M, Aghaei M, Ebrahimi F. Effect of teaching stress management skills on self-esteem and behavioral adjustment in people with somatomotor disabilities. J Med Life 2015; 8:163-168. [PMID: 28316725 PMCID: PMC5319265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Psychological interventions for enhancing mental health in those with somatomotor-physical disabilities are vital. The existing research aimed to examine the effect of teaching stress management skills on self-esteem and behavioral adjustment in individuals with somatomotor-physical disabilities. Methodology: The method of the survey was semi-experimental with a pre-test post-test design and a control group. Hence, in Tehran, 40 girls with somatomotor-physical disabilities were selected by using convenience sampling, and they were divided into two groups: control and experiment. Both groups were tested by using a demography questionnaire, Rozenberg's self-esteem scale, and a behavioral adjustment questionnaire. Afterwards, the test group received lessons on stress management within ten sessions, but the control group received no interventions. Then both groups were post-tested, and the collected data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics methods through SPSS software. Findings: Findings showed that teaching stress management skills significantly increased self-esteem and behavioral adjustment in girls with somatomotor-physical disabilities (p < 0.001). Conclusion: According to the study, it could be concluded that teaching stress management skills is an effective way to help endangered individuals such as girls who have somatomotor-physical disabilities because it is highly efficient especially when it is performed in groups, it is cheap, and acceptable by different people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Kamalinasab
- General Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Mahdavi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Payam Noor, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Ebrahimi
- Clinical Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Vahidi Nekoo
- Clinical Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Aghaei
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Ebrahimi
- General Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
The constraint imposed by magnetic helicity conservation on the α effect is considered for both magnetically and flow dominated self-organizing plasmas. Direct numerical simulations are presented for a dominant contribution to the α effect, which can be cast in the functional form of a total divergence of an averaged helicity flux, called the helicity-flux-driven α (Hα) effect. Direct numerical simulations of the Hα effect are presented for two examples-the magnetically dominated toroidal plasma unstable to tearing modes, and the flow-dominated accretion disk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Ebrahimi
- Center for Magnetic Self-Organization, Princeton Center for Heliospheric Physics, and Max-Planck/Princeton Center for Plasma Physics, Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - A Bhattacharjee
- Center for Magnetic Self-Organization, Princeton Center for Heliospheric Physics, and Max-Planck/Princeton Center for Plasma Physics, Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA and Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sayadmanesh A, Ebrahimi F, Hajizade A, Rostamian M, Keshavarz H. Expression and purification of neurotoxin-associated protein HA-33/A from Clostridium botulinum and evaluation of its antigenicity. Iran Biomed J 2013; 17:165-70. [PMID: 23999711 DOI: 10.6091/ibj.1216.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) complexes consist of neurotoxin and neurotoxin-associated proteins. Hemagglutinin-33 (HA-33) is a member of BoNT type A (BoNT/A) complex. Considering the protective role of HA-33 in preservation of BoNT/A in gastrointestinal harsh conditions and also its adjuvant role, recombinant production of this protein is favorable. Thus in this study, HA-33 was expressed and purified, and subsequently its antigenicity in mice was studied. METHODS Initially, ha-33 gene sequence of Clostridium botulinum serotype A was adopted from GenBank. The gene sequence was optimized and synthesized in pET28a (+) vector. E. coli BL21 (DE3) strain was transformed by the recombinant vector and the expression of HA-33 was optimized at 37°C and 5 h induction time. RESULTS The recombinant protein was purified by nickel nitrilotriacetic acid agarose affinity chromatography and confirmed by immunoblotting. Enzyme Linked Immunoassay showed a high titer antibody production in mice. CONCLUSION The results indicated a highly expressed and purified recombinant protein, which is able to evoke high antibody titers in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sayadmanesh
- Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Imam Hussein University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firouz Ebrahimi
- Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Imam Hussein University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Hajizade
- Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Imam Hussein University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mosayeb Rostamian
- Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Imam Hussein University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hani Keshavarz
- Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Imam Hussein University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rostamian M, Mousavy SJ, Ebrahimi F, Ghadami SA, Sheibani N, Minaei ME, Arefpour Torabi MA. Comparative study of immunological and structural properties of two recombinant vaccine candidates against botulinum neurotoxin type E. Iran Biomed J 2012. [PMID: 23183617 DOI: 10.6091/ibj.1076.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT)-derived recombinant proteins have been suggested as potential botulism vaccines. Here, with concentrating on BoNT type E (BoNT/E), we studied two of these binding domain-based recombinant proteins: a multivalent chimer protein, which is composed of BoNT serotypes A, B and E binding subdomains, and a monovalent recombinant protein, which contains 93 amino acid residues from recombinant C-terminal heavy chain of BoNT/E (rBoNT/E-HCC). Both proteins have an identical region (48 aa) that contains one of the most important BoNT/E epitopes (YLTHMRD sequence). METHODS The recombinant protein efficiency in antibody production, their structural differences, and their BoNT/E-epitope location were compared by using ELISA, circular dichroism, computational modeling, and hydrophobicity predictions. RESULTS Immunological studies indicated that the antibody yield against rBoNT/E-HCC was higher than chimer protein. Cross ELISA confirmed that the antibodies against the chimer protein recognized rBoNT/E-HCC more efficiently. However, both antibody groups (anti-chimer and anti-rBoNT/E-HCC antibodies) were able to recognize other proteins. Structural studies with circular dichroism showed that chimer proteins have slightly more secondary structures than rBoNT/E-HCC. CONCLUSION The immunological results suggested that the above-mentioned identical region in rBoNT/E-HCC is more exposed. Circular dichroism, computational protein modeling and hydrophobicity predictions indicated a more exposed location for the identical region in rBoNT/E-HCC than the chimer protein, which is strongly in agreement with immunological results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mosayeb Rostamian
- Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hussein University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Jafar Mousavy
- Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hussein University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Firouz Ebrahimi
- Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hussein University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Abolghasem Ghadami
- Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.,Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nader Sheibani
- Dept. of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Pharmacology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ebrahimi F, Kolehmainen E, Laari A, Haario H, Semenov D, Turunen I. Determination of kinetics of percarboxylic acids synthesis in a microreactor by mathematical modeling. Chem Eng Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2011.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
20
|
Reusch JA, Anderson JK, Den Hartog DJ, Ebrahimi F, Schnack DD, Stephens HD, Forest CB. Experimental evidence for a reduction in electron thermal diffusion due to trapped particles. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:155002. [PMID: 22107297 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.155002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
New high time resolution measurements of the electron thermal diffusion χ(e) throughout the sawtooth cycle of the Madison Symmetric Torus reversed-field pinch have been made by utilizing the enhanced capabilities of the upgraded multipoint, multipulse Thomson scattering system. These measurements are compared to the χ(e) due to magnetic diffusion predicted by using information from a new high spectral resolution zero-β nonlinear resistive magnetohydrodynamic simulation performed, for the first time, at the Lundquist number of high current Madison Symmetric Torus plasmas (S≈4×10(6)). Agreement between the measured and predicted values is found only if the reduction in thermal diffusion due to trapped particles is taken into account.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Reusch
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
AbstractIron alloys containing copper and nickel were irradiated at 288°C to a fluence of 4.63 × 1019 neutrons/cm2. Neutron irradiation produced defects which were observable by TEM in all of the iron alloys studied. The TEM analysis of the defects showed them to be interstitial dislocation loops with a < 100 > and a/2 < 111 > Burgers vectors. The size, the number density, and the Burgers vector of dislocations were affected by the alloy composition. The addition ofcopper and nickel decreased the dislocation loop size and increased the fraction of a/2 < 111 > loops. No voids or vacancy loops were observed in the irradiated iron alloys. The results are discussed in terms of dislocation loop nucleation and growth.
Collapse
|
22
|
Malo MS, Alam SN, Mostafa G, Zeller SJ, Johnson PV, Mohammad N, Chen KT, Moss AK, Ramasamy S, Faruqui A, Hodin S, Malo PS, Ebrahimi F, Biswas B, Narisawa S, Millán JL, Warren HS, Kaplan JB, Kitts CL, Hohmann EL, Hodin RA. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase preserves the normal homeostasis of gut microbiota. Gut 2010; 59:1476-84. [PMID: 20947883 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2010.211706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The intestinal microbiota plays a critical role in maintaining human health; however, the mechanisms governing the normal homeostatic number and composition of these microbes are largely unknown. Previously it was shown that intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), a small intestinal brush border enzyme, functions as a gut mucosal defence factor limiting the translocation of gut bacteria to mesenteric lymph nodes. In this study the role of IAP in the preservation of the normal homeostasis of the gut microbiota was investigated. METHODS Bacterial culture was performed in aerobic and anaerobic conditions to quantify the number of bacteria in the stools of wild-type (WT) and IAP knockout (IAP-KO) C57BL/6 mice. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism, phylogenetic analyses and quantitative real-time PCR of subphylum-specific bacterial 16S rRNA genes were used to determine the compositional profiles of microbiotas. Oral supplementation of calf IAP (cIAP) was used to determine its effects on the recovery of commensal gut microbiota after antibiotic treatment and also on the colonisation of pathogenic bacteria. RESULTS IAP-KO mice had dramatically fewer and also different types of aerobic and anaerobic microbes in their stools compared with WT mice. Oral supplementation of IAP favoured the growth of commensal bacteria, enhanced restoration of gut microbiota lost due to antibiotic treatment and inhibited the growth of a pathogenic bacterium (Salmonella typhimurium). CONCLUSIONS IAP is involved in the maintenance of normal gut microbial homeostasis and may have therapeutic potential against dysbiosis and pathogenic infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M S Malo
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ebrahimi F, Jungclas H, Happel S, Ensinger W, Béhé M, Bombard A, Zadmard R. Application of Extraction Chromatography for the Preparation of High Purity111In for Medical Use. Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/07366290903409142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
24
|
Ebrahimi F, Rasaee MJ, Mousavi SL, Babaeipour V. Production and characterization of a recombinant chimeric antigen consisting botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A, B and E binding subdomains. J Toxicol Sci 2010; 35:9-19. [PMID: 20118620 DOI: 10.2131/jts.35.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Firouz Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University
| | - Mohammad Javad Rasaee
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical Sciences Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhu P, Schnack DD, Ebrahimi F, Zweibel EG, Suzuki M, Hegna CC, Sovinec CR. Absence of complete finite-Larmor-radius stabilization in extended MHD. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:085005. [PMID: 18764628 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.085005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The dominant finite-Larmour-radius (FLR) stabilization effects on interchange instability can be retained by taking into account the ion gyroviscosity or the generalized Ohm's law in an extended MHD model. However, recent simulations and theoretical calculations indicate that complete FLR stabilization of the interchange mode may not be attainable by ion gyroviscosity or the two-fluid effect alone in the framework of extended MHD. For a class of plasma equilibria in certain finite-beta or nonisentropic regimes, the critical wave number for complete FLR stabilization tends toward infinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Zhu
- Center for Plasma Theory and Computation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ebrahimi F, Mikaili M, Estrada E, Nazeran H. Assessment of Itakura Distance as a valuable feature for computer-aided classification of sleep stages. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 2007:3300-3. [PMID: 18002701 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2007.4353035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Staging and detection of various states of sleep derived from EEG and other biomedical signals have proven to be very helpful in diagnosis, prognosis and remedy of various sleep related disorders. The time consuming and costly process of visual scoring of sleep stages by a specialist has always motivated researchers to develop an automatic sleep scoring system and the first step toward achieving this task is finding discriminating characteristics (or features) for each stage. A vast variety of these features and methods have been investigated in the sleep literature with different degrees of success. In this study, we investigated the performance of a newly introduced measure: the Itakura Distance (ID), as a similarity measure between EEG and EOG signals. This work demonstrated and further confirmed the outcomes of our previous research that the Itakura Distance serves as a valuable similarity measure to differentiate between different sleep stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Ebrahimi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ebrahimi F, Mirnov VV, Prager SC, Sovinec CR. Momentum transport from current-driven reconnection in the reversed field pinch. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:075003. [PMID: 17930902 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.075003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2006] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We calculate momentum transport from tearing fluctuations in a reversed field pinch with sheared flow, considering both the effect of a single tearing mode (through quasilinear theory and MHD computation) and multiple tearing modes (through nonlinear MHD computation). A single tearing mode transports momentum, via Maxwell and Reynolds stresses, more rapidly than classical viscous forces. Moreover, the transport is enhanced by nonlinear coupling of multiple modes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Ebrahimi
- Center for Magnetic Self-Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, and University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
The cause for sudden reconnection in reversed field pinch plasmas is determined experimentally for two cases: large reconnection events (the sawtooth crash) and small reconnection events during improved confinement. We measure the term in the MHD equations which represents the driving (or damping) of edge tearing modes due to the axisymmetric magnetic field. The term is negative for large reconnection events (the modes are stable, implying that reconnection may be driven by nonlinear coupling to other modes) and positive for small reconnection events (modes are unstable, reconnection is spontaneous).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Choi
- University of Wisconsin-Madison and the Center for Magnetic Self-Organization in Laboratory and Astrophysical Plasmas, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
|
30
|
Ghaffarnejad M, Hejazi M, Ebrahimi F. The effect of abortion on outcome of subsequent pregnancy. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(00)80565-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
31
|
|
32
|
Ebrahimi F. The relationship between Alzheimer's disease and education as assayed by positron emission tomography and neuropsychological measures. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0887-6177(95)92919-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
33
|
Ebrahimi F, Castillo-Gomez J. The effect of plastic deformation on fracture morphology of the sigma phase in the NbTiAl system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0956-7151(92)90442-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
34
|
|
35
|
Abstract
The fracture behavior of two types of urinary stones, namely struvite and calcium oxalate, during compression testing was studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the fracture surfaces. Both types of stone showed pseudo-plastic behavior as indicated by their load-displacement curve. The onset of nonlinear behavior was found to correspond to development of microcracks in the specimens. The compressive strength was defined as the stress calculated at the maximum load. In struvite samples, the maximum load corresponded with the development of large cracks parallel to the compressive axis. For oxalate stones a separation of the outer layer (crust) from the inner layer (core) marked the point of maximum load. The compressive strength of the struvite samples was found to depend on the orientation of lamellae relative to the loading axis. Struvite stones, when loaded parallel to the lamination direction showed a higher compressive strength than oxalate stones did. The fracture behavior and compressive strength of a model material (z-brick) were also characterized and compared to those of the urinary stones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Ebrahimi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
|