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Costa IR, Mascarenhas RS, Corrêa JF, Oliveira FRB, Fernandes SG, Souza FO, Dos Reis GM, de P R Júnior A, Rodrigues DA, Martins JVM, E Silva KSF, Moura KKVO. Analysis of the prevalence of polymorphisms in the glutathione S transferase gene (GST) in cataract patients from Goiânia. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr8050. [PMID: 27706600 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15038050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of polymorphisms in the glutathione S-transferase genes GSTM1 and GSTT1 in patients with lens opacity (cataract). Peripheral blood samples were obtained from male and female patients (N = 23) with cataract. The GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphic regions were amplified by polymerase chain reaction, and the amplification products were electrophoresed on a 2% agarose gel. The obtained bands were by staining with ethidium bromide. The results were compared by a chi-square test using the BioEstat software (v.5.0). The frequencies of the GSTM1- and GSTT1-null genotypes were higher than those of the GSTM1- and GSTT1-present genotypes. The frequency of GSTT1-null genotypes was approximately 1.7 times higher than that of GSTM1, which was a statistically significant difference (P = 0.0019). Although a consensus remains to be reached on the correlation between genetic polymorphisms in GSTs and cataract susceptibility, the observations from most scientific studies are similar to those reported in this study. Thus, we conclude that the absence of these genes, particularly GSTT1, is correlated with the development of lens opacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- I R Costa
- Departamento de Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade da Rede Pró Centro-Oeste, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil.,Departamento de Biomedicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - R S Mascarenhas
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - J F Corrêa
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - F R B Oliveira
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - S G Fernandes
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - F O Souza
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - G M Dos Reis
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - A de P R Júnior
- Departamento de Biomedicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - D A Rodrigues
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - J V M Martins
- Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - K S F E Silva
- Laboratório de Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - K K V O Moura
- Departamento de Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade da Rede Pró Centro-Oeste, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil.,Núcleo de Pesquisas Replicon, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil.,Departamento de Biomedicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
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Sá Antunes TF, Amaral RJV, Ventura JA, Godinho MT, Amaral JG, Souza FO, Zerbini PA, Zerbini FM, Fernandes PMB. The dsRNA Virus Papaya Meleira Virus and an ssRNA Virus Are Associated with Papaya Sticky Disease. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155240. [PMID: 27166626 PMCID: PMC4863961 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Papaya sticky disease, or "meleira", is one of the major diseases of papaya in Brazil and Mexico, capable of causing complete crop loss. The causal agent of sticky disease was identified as an isometric virus with a double stranded RNA (dsRNA) genome, named papaya meleira virus (PMeV). In the present study, PMeV dsRNA and a second RNA band of approximately 4.5 kb, both isolated from latex of papaya plants with severe symptoms of sticky disease, were deep-sequenced. The nearly complete sequence obtained for PMeV dsRNA is 8,814 nucleotides long and contains two putative ORFs; the predicted ORF1 and ORF2 display similarity to capsid proteins and RdRp's, respectively, from mycoviruses tentatively classified in the family Totiviridae. The sequence obtained for the second RNA is 4,515 nucleotides long and contains two putative ORFs. The predicted ORFs 1 and 2 display 48% and 73% sequence identity, respectively, with the corresponding proteins of papaya virus Q, an umbravirus recently described infecting papaya in Ecuador. Viral purification in a sucrose gradient allowed separation of particles containing each RNA. Mass spectrometry analysis indicated that both PMeV and the second RNA virus (named papaya meleira virus 2, PMeV2) were encapsidated in particles formed by the protein encoded by PMeV ORF1. The presence of both PMeV and PMeV2 was confirmed in field plants showing typical symptoms of sticky disease. Interestingly, PMeV was detected alone in asymptomatic plants. Together, our results indicate that sticky disease is associated with double infection by PMeV and PMeV2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - José Aires Ventura
- Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
- Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisa, Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Marcio Tadeu Godinho
- Dep. de Fitopatologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570–900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Josiane G. Amaral
- Dep. de Fitopatologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570–900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flávia O. Souza
- Dep. de Microbiologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570–900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Poliane Alfenas Zerbini
- Dep. de Microbiologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570–900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Francisco Murilo Zerbini
- Dep. de Fitopatologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570–900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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