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Labonte-LeMoyne E, Cameron AF, Sénécal S, Fredette M, Faubert J, Lepore F, Léger PM. What's that on Your Phone? Effects of Mobile Device Task Type on Pedestrian Performance. Hum Factors 2024; 66:1068-1080. [PMID: 36426775 PMCID: PMC10900866 DOI: 10.1177/00187208221141175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of accidents due to distracted pedestrian is on the rise and many governments and institutions are enacting public policies which restrict texting while walking. However, pedestrians do more than just texting when they use their mobile devices on the go. OBJECTIVE Exploring pedestrian multitasking, this paper aims to examine the effects of mobile device task type on pedestrian performance outcomes. METHOD We performed two studies in lab simulations where 78 participants were asked to perform different tasks on a mobile device (playing a game, reading, writing an email, texting one person, group texting) while performing a pedestrian visual discrimination task while either standing or walking on a treadmill. Behavioral performance as well as neurophysiological data are collected. RESULTS Results show that compared to a no-phone control, multitasking with any of the tasks on a mobile device leads to poor performance on a pedestrian visual discrimination task. Playing a game is the most cognitively demanding task and leads to the greatest performance degradation. CONCLUSION Our studies show that multitasking with a mobile device has the potential to negatively impact pedestrian safety, regardless of task type. However, the impacts of different mobile device tasks are not all equivalent. More research is needed to tease out the different effects of these various tasks and to design mobile applications which effectively and safely capture pedestrians' attention. APPLICATION Public policy, infrastructure, and smart technologies can be used to mitigate the negative effects of mobile multitasking. A more thorough understanding of mobile device task-specific factors at play can help tailor these counter-measures to better aid distracted pedestrians.
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Landry C, Nazar R, Simon M, Genest F, Giguère FL, Lepore F, Frasnelli J. Behavioural evidence for enhanced olfactory and trigeminal perception in congenital hearing loss. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:434-445. [PMID: 38185810 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Sensory deprivation, especially hearing loss (HL), offers a valuable model for studying neuroplasticity in the human brain and adaptive behaviours that support the daily lives of those with limited or absent sensory input. The study of olfactory function is particularly important as it is an understudied aspect of sensory deprivation. This study aimed to compare the effects of congenital HL on olfactory capacity by using psychophysical tasks. Methodological concerns from previous studies regarding the onset of HL and cognitive assessments were addressed. We recruited 11 individuals with severe-to-profound sensorineural HL (SNHL) since birth and 11 age- and sex-matched typical hearing non-signers. We used standardized neuropsychological tests to assess typical cognition among participants with SNHL. We evaluated olfactory functions by assessing olfactory detection threshold, odour discrimination and odour identification. Hearing-impaired participants outperformed their typical hearing counterparts in olfactory tasks. We further evaluated the accuracy and response time in identifying and localizing odours to disentangle olfactory sensitivity from trigeminal system sensitivity. Participants with SNHL demonstrated higher sensitivity to both the identification and localization tasks. These findings suggest that congenital SNHL is associated with enhanced higher-level olfactory processing and increased trigeminal sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Landry
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Rim Nazar
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Research Institute of the MUHC, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie Simon
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - François Genest
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Fanny Lécuyer Giguère
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l'hôpital Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Johannes Frasnelli
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l'hôpital Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département d'anatomie, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
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MacLean MW, Hadid V, Spreng RN, Lepore F. Revealing robust neural correlates of conscious and unconscious visual processing: activation likelihood estimation meta-analyses. Neuroimage 2023; 273:120088. [PMID: 37030413 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Our ability to consciously perceive information from the visual scene relies on a myriad of intrinsic neural mechanisms. Functional neuroimaging studies have sought to identify the neural correlates of conscious visual processing and to further dissociate from those pertaining to preconscious and unconscious visual processing. However, delineating what core brain regions are involved in eliciting a conscious percept remains a challenge, particularly regarding the role of prefrontal-parietal regions. We performed a systematic search of the literature that yielded a total of 54 functional neuroimaging studies. We conducted two quantitative meta-analyses using activation likelihood estimation to identify reliable patterns of activation engaged by i. conscious (n = 45 studies, comprising 704 participants) and ii. unconscious (n = 16 studies, comprising 262 participants) visual processing during various task performances. Results of the meta-analysis specific to conscious percepts quantitatively revealed reliable activations across a constellation of regions comprising the bilateral inferior frontal junction, intraparietal sulcus, dorsal anterior cingulate, angular gyrus, temporo-occipital cortex and anterior insula. Neurosynth reverse inference revealed conscious visual processing to be intertwined with cognitive terms related to attention, cognitive control and working memory. Results of the meta-analysis on unconscious percepts revealed consistent activations in the lateral occipital complex, intraparietal sulcus and precuneus. These findings highlight the notion that conscious visual processing readily engages higher-level regions including the inferior frontal junction and unconscious processing reliably recruits posterior regions, mainly the lateral occipital complex.
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Landry C, Lévesque J, Doucet MÈ, Dupuis-Roy N, Gosselin F, Théoret H, Champoux F, Lepore F. The Impact of Deafness on the Use of Information During Facial Emotion Discrimination. J Vis 2022. [DOI: 10.1167/jov.22.14.4144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Landry
- cerebrum, Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Frédéric Gosselin
- cerebrum, Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Hugo Théoret
- cerebrum, Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Franco Lepore
- cerebrum, Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Canada
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MacLean MW, Hadid V, Lepore F. Revealing robust neural correlates of conscious and unconscious visual processing: an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. J Vis 2022. [DOI: 10.1167/jov.22.14.4268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa Hadid
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Université de Montréal
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Chouinard‐Leclaire C, Manescu S, Collignon O, Lepore F, Frasnelli J. Altered morphological traits along central olfactory centers in congenitally blind subjects. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:4486-4500. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Simona Manescu
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC) Université de Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Olivier Collignon
- Institutes for research in Psychology (IPSY) and Neurosciences (IoNS) University of Louvain Belgium
| | - Franco Lepore
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC) Université de Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Johannes Frasnelli
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC) Université de Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
- Department of Anatomy Université du Québec à Trois‐Rivières Canada
- Centre d’études avancées en médecine du sommeil (CÉAMS), Centre de Recherche de l’Hôpital du Sacré‐Cœur de Montréal, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord‐de‐l’Île‐de‐Montréal (CIUSSS du Nord‐de‐l’Île‐de‐Montréal) Canada
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Innocenti GM, Schmidt K, Milleret C, Fabri M, Knyazeva MG, Battaglia-Mayer A, Aboitiz F, Ptito M, Caleo M, Marzi CA, Barakovic M, Lepore F, Caminiti R. The functional characterization of callosal connections. Prog Neurobiol 2021; 208:102186. [PMID: 34780864 PMCID: PMC8752969 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2021.102186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The functional characterization of callosal connections is informed by anatomical data. Callosal connections play a conditional driving role depending on the brain state and behavioral demands. Callosal connections play a modulatory function, in addition to a driving role. The corpus callosum participates in learning and interhemispheric transfer of sensorimotor habits. The corpus callosum contributes to language processing and cognitive functions.
The brain operates through the synaptic interaction of distant neurons within flexible, often heterogeneous, distributed systems. Histological studies have detailed the connections between distant neurons, but their functional characterization deserves further exploration. Studies performed on the corpus callosum in animals and humans are unique in that they capitalize on results obtained from several neuroscience disciplines. Such data inspire a new interpretation of the function of callosal connections and delineate a novel road map, thus paving the way toward a general theory of cortico-cortical connectivity. Here we suggest that callosal axons can drive their post-synaptic targets preferentially when coupled to other inputs endowing the cortical network with a high degree of conditionality. This might depend on several factors, such as their pattern of convergence-divergence, the excitatory and inhibitory operation mode, the range of conduction velocities, the variety of homotopic and heterotopic projections and, finally, the state-dependency of their firing. We propose that, in addition to direct stimulation of post-synaptic targets, callosal axons often play a conditional driving or modulatory role, which depends on task contingencies, as documented by several recent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio M Innocenti
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS5), École Polytechnique Fédérale (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Schmidt
- Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | - Chantal Milleret
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology, Collège de France, CNRS UMR 7241, INSERM U 1050, Label Memolife, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Mara Fabri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria G Knyazeva
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Leenaards Memory Centre and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Francisco Aboitiz
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias and Departamento de Psiquiatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maurice Ptito
- Harland Sanders Chair in Visual Science, École d'Optométrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Qc, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Qc, Canada; Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matteo Caleo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy; CNR Neuroscience Institute, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlo A Marzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Muhamed Barakovic
- Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS5), École Polytechnique Fédérale (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Franco Lepore
- Department of Psychology, Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Roberto Caminiti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome SAPIENZA, Rome, Italy; Neuroscience and Behavior Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy.
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Brideau-Duquette M, Boucher O, Tremblay J, Robert M, Bouthillier A, Lepore F, Nguyen DK. Insular Cortex Response to Static Visual Sexual Stimuli. J PSYCHOPHYSIOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. According to previous research, the insula is important for processing salient and emotional stimuli, but its precise role remains elusive. By combining high spatial and temporal resolution, intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) might contribute to filling this gap. Four drug-resistant epileptic patients with intracranial electrodes in the insula were instructed to watch and rate pictures with sexual content and neutral pictures. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were computed separately for both types of stimuli. Ninety-three percent of the anterior insula (AI) and 85% of the posterior insula (PI) contacts showed differences between ERPs. AI-positive deflections tended to have an earlier onset than PI-positive deflections. The results suggest that the AI generates a P300-like response and contributes to the early phase of the late positive potential, both components found enhanced while viewing emotional stimuli in the ERP literature. The present findings are interpreted as congruent with the role of the AI in maintaining attention to salient stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Brideau-Duquette
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Canada
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Montréal, Canada
| | - Olivier Boucher
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Canada
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Canada
- CHUM, Service de Psychologie, Montréal, Canada
| | - Julie Tremblay
- Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Canada
| | - Manon Robert
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Franco Lepore
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Montréal, Canada
| | - Dang Khoa Nguyen
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Canada
- CHUM, Service de Neurologie, Montréal, Canada
- Département de Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Canada
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9
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Lamoureux-Tremblay V, Chauret M, Muckle G, Maheu F, Suffren S, Jacobson SW, Jacobson JL, Ayotte P, Lepore F, Saint-Amour D. Altered functional activations of prefrontal brain areas during emotional processing of fear in Inuit adolescents exposed to environmental contaminants. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2021; 85:106973. [PMID: 33741477 PMCID: PMC8137647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2021.106973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to mercury, lead and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been associated with emotional dysregulation, but their neuronal correlates have yet to be examined. Inuit from Nunavik (Northern Quebec, Canada) face internalizing problems and are among the most exposed individuals to these environmental contaminants in the world. The aim of this study was to examine the link between pre- and postnatal exposure to these contaminants and brain fear-circuitry in Inuit adolescents. Facial expression stimuli were presented to participants (mean age = 18.3 years) in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. Fear conditioning and extinction tasks included neutral faces as the conditioned threat and safety cues and a fearful face paired with a shrieking scream as the unconditioned stimulus. Functional MRI data were gathered at the conditioning phase (n = 71) and at the extinction phase (n = 62). Mercury, lead and PCB 153 concentrations were measured in blood samples at birth (cord blood) and at the time of the adolescent testing to estimate pre- and postnatal exposure, respectively. For each time point, exposures were categorized in tertiles (low, moderate and high exposed groups). Mixed analyses of variance were conducted for each contaminant of interest controlling for sex, age, socioeconomic status, drug/alcohol use, food insecurity and contaminant co-exposure. Results revealed greater differential activation during the conditioning phase in the right orbitofrontal cortex in participants with moderate and high concentrations of cord blood PCB 153 compared to those in the low exposure group. During the extinction phase, the high prenatal mercury exposed group showed a lower differential activation in the right and left anterior cingulate cortex compared to those in the low-exposed group; whereas there was a higher differential activation in right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in the high postnatal lead exposed group compared to the moderate- and low-exposed groups. Our study is the first to show alterations in the prefrontal brain areas in fear conditioning and extinction tasks in relation to environmental contaminant exposures. The observed brain correlates may advance our understanding of the emotional problems associated with environmental chemical toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mélissa Chauret
- Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Gina Muckle
- Centre de Recherche du CHUQ de Québec-Université Laval, École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Françoise Maheu
- Research Centre of CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sabrina Suffren
- Research Centre of CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sandra W Jacobson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, United States
| | - Joseph L Jacobson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, United States
| | - Pierre Ayotte
- Département de Médecine Sociale et Préventive, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Dave Saint-Amour
- Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Research Centre of CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Manescu S, Chouinard-Leclaire C, Collignon O, Lepore F, Frasnelli J. Enhanced Odorant Localization Abilities in Congenitally Blind but not in Late-Blind Individuals. Chem Senses 2021; 46:bjaa073. [PMID: 33140091 PMCID: PMC7909301 DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjaa073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although often considered a nondominant sense for spatial perception, chemosensory perception can be used to localize the source of an event and potentially help us navigate through our environment. Would blind people who lack the dominant spatial sense-vision-develop enhanced spatial chemosensation or suffer from the lack of visual calibration on spatial chemosensory perception? To investigate this question, we tested odorant localization abilities across nostrils in blind people compared to sighted controls and if the time of vision loss onset modulates those abilities. We observed that congenitally blind individuals (10 subjects) outperformed sighted (20 subjects) and late-blind subjects (10 subjects) in a birhinal localization task using mixed olfactory-trigeminal stimuli. This advantage in congenitally blind people was selective to olfactory localization but not observed for odorant detection or identification. We, therefore, showed that congenital blindness but not blindness acquired late in life is linked to enhanced localization of chemosensory stimuli across nostrils, most probably of the trigeminal component. In addition to previous studies highlighting enhanced localization abilities in auditory and tactile modalities, our current results extend such enhanced abilities to chemosensory localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Manescu
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, CP, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Christine Chouinard-Leclaire
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, CP, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Olivier Collignon
- Center of Mind/Brain Sciences of University of Trento, Via Delle Regole, Mattarello, Trentino, Italy
- Institutes for Research in Psychology and Neurosciences, University of Louvain, IPSY - Place du Cardinal Mercier, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Franco Lepore
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, CP, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Johannes Frasnelli
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, CP, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre d’études avancées en médecine du sommeil, Centre de Recherche de l’Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
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Turgeon C, Trudeau-Fisette P, Lepore F, Lippé S, Ménard L. Impact of visual and auditory deprivation on speech perception and production in adults. Clin Linguist Phon 2020; 34:1061-1087. [PMID: 32013589 DOI: 10.1080/02699206.2020.1719207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Speech perception relies on auditory and visual cues and there are strong links between speech perception and production. We aimed to evaluate the role of auditory and visual modalities on speech perception and production in adults with impaired hearing or sight versus those with normal hearing and sight. We examined speech perception and production of three isolated vowels (/i/, /y/, /u/), which were selected based on their different auditory and visual perceptual saliencies, in 12 deaf adults who used one or two cochlear implants (CIs), 14 congenitally blind adults, and 16 adults with normal sight and hearing. The results showed that the deaf adults who used a CI had worse vowel identification and discrimination perception and they also produced vowels that were less typical or precise than other participants. They had different tongue positions in speech production, which possibly partly explains the poorer quality of their spoken vowels. Blind individuals had larger lip openings and smaller lip protrusions for the rounded vowel and unrounded vowels, compared to the other participants, but they still produced vowels that were similar to those produced by the adults with normal sight and hearing. In summary, the deaf adults, even though they used CIs, had greater difficulty in producing accurate vowel targets than the blind adults, whereas the blind adults were still able to produce accurate vowel targets, even though they used different articulatory strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Franco Lepore
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal , Montréal, Canada
| | - Sarah Lippé
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal , Montréal, Canada
| | - Lucie Ménard
- Department of Linguistic, UQAM , Montréal, Canada
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Simon M, Lazzouni L, Campbell E, Delcenserie A, Muise-Hennessey A, Newman AJ, Champoux F, Lepore F. Enhancement of visual biological motion recognition in early-deaf adults: Functional and behavioral correlates. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236800. [PMID: 32776962 PMCID: PMC7416928 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Deafness leads to brain modifications that are generally associated with a cross-modal activity of the auditory cortex, particularly for visual stimulations. In the present study, we explore the cortical processing of biological motion that conveyed either non-communicative (pantomimes) or communicative (emblems) information, in early-deaf and hearing individuals, using fMRI analyses. Behaviorally, deaf individuals showed an advantage in detecting communicative gestures relative to hearing individuals. Deaf individuals also showed significantly greater activation in the superior temporal cortex (including the planum temporale and primary auditory cortex) than hearing individuals. The activation levels in this region were correlated with deaf individuals’ response times. This study provides neural and behavioral evidence that cross-modal plasticity leads to functional advantages in the processing of biological motion following lifelong auditory deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Simon
- Département de Psychologie, Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Latifa Lazzouni
- Département de Psychologie, Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Emma Campbell
- Département de Psychologie, Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Audrey Delcenserie
- Département de Psychologie, Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
- École d’orthophonie et d’audiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexandria Muise-Hennessey
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, NeuroCognitive Imaging Lab, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Aaron J. Newman
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, NeuroCognitive Imaging Lab, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - François Champoux
- École d’orthophonie et d’audiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Département de Psychologie, Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Vasso M, Braile A, Ascione F, Toro G, De Cicco A, Lepore F, Schiavone Panni A. Two-stage reimplantation in periprosthetic knee infection. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 23:51-58. [PMID: 30977871 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201904_17474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The increasing number of total knee arthroplasties performed yearly worldwide has resulted in a concomitant rise in bacterial infections. Two-stage reimplantation has been reported as the most successful method of treating periprosthetic knee infections. The purpose of this study was to describe all the phases of the two-stage reimplantation and to review the literature regarding the topic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Most significant and recent papers about the management of periprosthetic knee infection through a two-stage reimplantation protocol were carefully analysed and reviewed. Our personal experience, previously published, with two-stage-reimplantation protocol was also briefly reported. RESULTS Two-stage reimplantation has been reported as the most successful method of treating periprosthetic knee infections. The strategy of using an antibiotic-loaded cement spacer and intravenous antibiotics with delayed exchange arthroplasty is actually considered the state-of-the-art, with a reported success rate of 88-96%. The two-stage protocol has been reported as a viable option also for patients with a periprosthetic knee infection by multidrug-resistant organisms. On the other hand, open debridement with polyethylene exchange and single-stage reimplantation have been reported effective only in selective case series involving acute infections by low-virulence organisms. CONCLUSIONS The strategy that involves the use of cement spacer, intravenous antibiotic therapy, and successive revision total knee implantation is nowadays considered the gold standard for the management of the periprosthetic knee infection. This treatment is actually considered the first choice not only for chronic but also for acute infections, especially in the presence of resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vasso
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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14
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Mourra GN, Brieugne D, Rucco E, Labonté-Lemoyne É, Courtemanche F, Sénécal S, Fredette M, Cameron AF, Faubert J, Lepore F, Bellavance F, Léger PM. Measuring the Switch Cost of Smartphone Use While Walking. J Vis Exp 2020. [PMID: 32420998 DOI: 10.3791/60555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a study protocol to measure the task-switching cost of using a smartphone while walking. This method involves having participants walk on a treadmill under two experimental conditions: a control condition (i.e., simply walking) and a multitasking condition (i.e., texting while walking). During these conditions, the participants must switch between the tasks related to the experimental condition and a direction determining task. This direction task is done with a point-light walker figure, seemingly walking towards the left or the right of the participant. Performance on the direction task represents the participant's task-switching costs. There were two performance measures: 1) correct identification of the direction and 2) response time. EEG data are recorded in order to measure the alpha oscillations and cognitive engagement occurring during the task switch. This method is limited in its ecological validity: pedestrian environments have many stimuli occurring simultaneously and competing for attention. Nonetheless, this method is appropriate for pinpointing task-switching costs. The EEG data allow the study of the underlying mechanisms in the brain that are related to differing task-switching costs. This design allows the comparison between task switching when doing one task at a time, as compared to task switching when multitasking, prior to the stimulus presentation. This allows understanding and pinpointing both the behavioral and neurophysiological impact of these two different task-switching conditions. Furthermore, by correlating the task-switching costs with the brain activity, we can learn more about what causes these behavioral effects. This protocol is an appropriate base for studying the switching cost of different smartphone uses. Different tasks, questionnaires, and other measures can be added to it in order to understand the different factors involved in the task-switching cost of smartphone use while walking.
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15
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Simon M, Campbell E, Genest F, MacLean MW, Champoux F, Lepore F. The Impact of Early Deafness on Brain Plasticity: A Systematic Review of the White and Gray Matter Changes. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:206. [PMID: 32292323 PMCID: PMC7135892 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Auditory deprivation alters cortical and subcortical brain regions, primarily linked to auditory and language processing, resulting in behavioral consequences. Neuroimaging studies have reported various degrees of structural changes, yet multiple variables in deafness profiles need to be considered for proper interpretation of results. To date, many inconsistencies are reported in the gray and white matter alterations following early profound deafness. The purpose of this study was to provide the first systematic review synthesizing gray and white matter changes in deaf individuals. Methods: We conducted a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement in 27 studies comprising 626 deaf individuals. Results: Evidence shows that auditory deprivation significantly alters the white matter across the primary and secondary auditory cortices. The most consistent alteration across studies was in the bilateral superior temporal gyri. Furthermore, reductions in the fractional anisotropy of white matter fibers comprising in inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, the superior longitudinal fasciculus, and the subcortical auditory pathway are reported. The reviewed studies also suggest that gray and white matter integrity is sensitive to early sign language acquisition, attenuating the effect of auditory deprivation on neurocognitive development. Conclusions: These findings suggest that understanding cortical reorganization through gray and white matter changes in auditory and non-auditory areas is an important factor in the development of auditory rehabilitation strategies in the deaf population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Simon
- Département de Psychologie, Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Emma Campbell
- Département de Psychologie, Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - François Genest
- Département de Psychologie, Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michèle W MacLean
- Département de Psychologie, Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - François Champoux
- École d'Orthophonie et d'Audiologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Département de Psychologie, Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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16
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Suffren S, Chauret M, Nassim M, Lepore F, Maheu FS. On a continuum to anxiety disorders: Adolescents at parental risk for anxiety show smaller rostral anterior cingulate cortex and insula thickness. J Affect Disord 2019; 248:34-41. [PMID: 30711867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Having a parent with an anxiety disorder increases the risk of anxiety symptoms and anxiety disorders during the lifespan. Moreover, childhood and adolescence anxiety disorders and symptoms have been linked to a range of brain structure abnormalities. However, to date, no study has investigated brain anatomy in adolescents at high risk based on parental anxiety disorders and in adolescents with an anxiety disorder but without any treatment or therapy. METHODS Anatomical images from magnetic resonance imaging of 68 adolescents with anxiety disorders without any treatment (N = 20), at risk for anxiety because of their parents' anxiety disorders (N = 21), and comparison youths (N = 27), were analyzed using Freesurfer. RESULTS Compared to comparison group, smaller cortical thickness of the rostral anterior cingulate cortex and of the insula was observed in anxious and at-risk groups; smaller amygdala volume was observed in the anxious group only. LIMITATIONS The age range studied is large (10 to 17 years old). Moreover, this study is cross-sectional. Since adolescence is one of the biggest periods of cerebral reorganization, longitudinal follow-up of these youths would be necessary. CONCLUSIONS Smaller rostral anterior cingulate cortex and insula cortical thickness appear to be cerebral markers of the risk of developing an anxiety disorder in adolescence. The reduction of the amygdala volume seems to be linked to the onset of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Suffren
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, 3175 Côte Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Québec H3T 1C5, Canada; Research Center in Neuropsychology and Cognition, University of Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Canada.
| | - Mélissa Chauret
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, 3175 Côte Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Québec H3T 1C5, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Quebec in Montreal, Canada
| | - Marouane Nassim
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, 3175 Côte Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Québec H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, 3175 Côte Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Québec H3T 1C5, Canada; Research Center in Neuropsychology and Cognition, University of Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Canada
| | - Françoise S Maheu
- Research Center, Sainte-Justine Hospital, University of Montreal, 3175 Côte Ste-Catherine, Montréal, Québec H3T 1C5, Canada; Research Center in Neuropsychology and Cognition, University of Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Canada
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17
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La Buissonnière-Ariza V, Séguin JR, Nassim M, Boivin M, Pine DS, Lepore F, Tremblay RE, Maheu FS. Chronic harsh parenting and anxiety associations with fear circuitry function in healthy adolescents: A preliminary study. Biol Psychol 2019; 145:198-210. [PMID: 30935991 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported altered fear circuitry function during fear conditioning in highly anxious individuals and in adults with a history of severe childhood adversity; less is known regarding younger populations and more common forms of adversity. We investigated fear circuitry functioning in healthy youths with histories of high (HH) or low (LH) chronic harsh parenting and high (HA) or low (LA) anxiety levels. 84 youths aged 13-16 performed an fMRI fear conditioning task. HH displayed decreased selective medial temporal lobe deactivations to CS+> CS- relative to LH. In addition, we found less amygdala-insula connectivity in HH vs LH. Interestingly, we observed distinct patterns of anxiety differences in amygdala-rostral ACC connectivity and subjective fear ratings depending on harsh parenting levels, suggesting a history of harsh parenting is linked with unique neural and behavioral anxious manifestations, which are different from anxiety manifestations in a context of low adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean R Séguin
- CHU Sainte-Justine's Research Center, Canada; Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Canada; Psychiatry Department, University of Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Michel Boivin
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Canada; Psychology Department, Laval University, Canada
| | - Daniel S Pine
- Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, USA
| | - Franco Lepore
- CHU Sainte-Justine's Research Center, Canada; Psychology Department, University of Montreal, Canada; Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition (CERNEC), Canada
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Canada; Departments of Pediatrics and Psychology, University of Montreal, Canada; School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
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18
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Vosberg DE, Beaulé V, Torres-Berrío A, Cooke D, Chalupa A, Jaworska N, Cox SML, Larcher K, Zhang Y, Allard D, Durand F, Dagher A, Benkelfat C, Srour M, Tampieri D, La Piana R, Joober R, Lepore F, Rouleau G, Pascual-Leone A, Fox MD, Flores C, Leyton M, Théoret H. Neural function in DCC mutation carriers with and without mirror movements. Ann Neurol 2019; 85:433-442. [PMID: 30666715 PMCID: PMC6444183 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective Recently identified mutations of the axon guidance molecule receptor gene, DCC, present an opportunity to investigate, in living human brain, mechanisms affecting neural connectivity and the basis of mirror movements, involuntary contralateral responses that mirror voluntary unilateral actions. We hypothesized that haploinsufficient DCC+/− mutation carriers with mirror movements would exhibit decreased DCC mRNA expression, a functional ipsilateral corticospinal tract, greater “mirroring” motor representations, and reduced interhemispheric inhibition. DCC+/− mutation carriers without mirror movements might exhibit some of these features. Methods The participants (n = 52) included 13 DCC+/− mutation carriers with mirror movements, 7 DCC+/− mutation carriers without mirror movements, 13 relatives without the mutation or mirror movements, and 19 unrelated healthy volunteers. The multimodal approach comprised quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) under resting and task conditions, and measures of white matter integrity. Results Mirror movements were associated with reduced DCC mRNA expression, increased ipsilateral TMS‐induced motor evoked potentials, increased fMRI responses in the mirroring M1 and cerebellum, and markedly reduced interhemispheric inhibition. The DCC+/− mutation, irrespective of mirror movements, was associated with reduced functional connectivity and white matter integrity. Interpretation Diverse connectivity abnormalities were identified in mutation carriers with and without mirror movements, but corticospinal effects and decreased peripheral DCC mRNA appeared driven by the mirror movement phenotype. ANN NEUROL 2019;85:433–442.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Vosberg
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vincent Beaulé
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Angélica Torres-Berrío
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Danielle Cooke
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Amanda Chalupa
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Natalia Jaworska
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Institute of Mental Health Research, affiliated with the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sylvia M L Cox
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kevin Larcher
- Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yu Zhang
- Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dominique Allard
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - France Durand
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alain Dagher
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chawki Benkelfat
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Myriam Srour
- Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Roberta La Piana
- Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ridha Joober
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guy Rouleau
- Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Michael D Fox
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Cecilia Flores
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marco Leyton
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hugo Théoret
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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19
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Sequeira H, De Zorzi L, D'Hondt F, Lepore F, Honoré J. Emotional vision and anxiety: Behavioral and meg data. Int J Psychophysiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.07.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Manescu S, Poupon D, Ballester J, Abdi H, Valentin D, Lepore F, Frasnelli J. Early-blind Individuals Show Impaired Performance in Wine Odor Categorization. Neuroscience 2018; 390:79-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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21
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MacLean M, Hadid V, Lazzouni L, Lepore F. Using fMRI to Identify Neuronal Mechanisms of Motion Detection Underlying Blindsight. J Vis 2018. [DOI: 10.1167/18.10.768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michèle MacLean
- Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition (CERNEC), Université de MontréalSchool of Optometry, Université de Montréal
| | - Vanessa Hadid
- Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition (CERNEC), Université de MontréalDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Université de Montréal
| | - Latifa Lazzouni
- Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition (CERNEC), Université de MontréalDepartment of Psychology, Université de Montréal
| | - Franco Lepore
- Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition (CERNEC), Université de MontréalDepartment of Psychology, Université de Montréal
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22
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Tremblay J, Martínez-Montes E, Vannasing P, Nguyen DK, Sawan M, Lepore F, Gallagher A. Comparison of source localization techniques in diffuse optical tomography for fNIRS application using a realistic head model. Biomed Opt Express 2018; 9:2994-3016. [PMID: 30619642 PMCID: PMC6033567 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.002994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive imaging technique that elicits growing interest for research and clinical applications. In the last decade, efforts have been made to develop a mathematical framework in order to image the effective sources of hemoglobin variations in brain tissues. Different approaches can be used to impose additional information or constraints when reconstructing the cerebral images of an ill-posed problem. The goal of this study is to compare the performance and limitations of several source localization techniques in the context of fNIRS tomography using individual anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to model light propagation. The forward problem is solved using a Monte Carlo simulation of light propagation in the tissues. The inverse problem has been linearized using the Rytov approximation. Then, Tikhonov regularization applied to least squares, truncated singular value decomposition, back-projection, L1-norm regularization, minimum norm estimates, low resolution electromagnetic tomography and Bayesian model averaging techniques are compared using a receiver operating characteristic analysis, blurring and localization error measures. Using realistic simulations (n = 450) and data acquired from a human participant, this study depicts how these source localization techniques behave in a human head fNIRS tomography. When compared to other methods, Bayesian model averaging is proposed as a promising method in DOT and shows great potential to improve specificity, accuracy, as well as to reduce blurring and localization error even in presence of noise and deep sources. Classical reconstruction methods, such as regularized least squares, offer better sensitivity but higher blurring; while more novel L1-based method provides sparse solutions with small blurring and high specificity but lower sensitivity. The application of these methods is also demonstrated experimentally using visual fNIRS experiment with adult participant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Tremblay
- LIONLAB, Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Phetsamone Vannasing
- LIONLAB, Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Dang K Nguyen
- Neurology Division, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Hôpital Notre-Dame, Montréal, Canada
| | - Mohamad Sawan
- Polystim Neurotech Lab, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition (CERNEC), Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Anne Gallagher
- LIONLAB, Centre de recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition (CERNEC), Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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23
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Dormal G, Pelland M, Rezk M, Yakobov E, Lepore F, Collignon O. Functional Preference for Object Sounds and Voices in the Brain of Early Blind and Sighted Individuals. J Cogn Neurosci 2018; 30:86-106. [DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sounds activate occipital regions in early blind individuals. However, how different sound categories map onto specific regions of the occipital cortex remains a matter of debate. We used fMRI to characterize brain responses of early blind and sighted individuals to familiar object sounds, human voices, and their respective low-level control sounds. In addition, sighted participants were tested while viewing pictures of faces, objects, and phase-scrambled control pictures. In both early blind and sighted, a double dissociation was evidenced in bilateral auditory cortices between responses to voices and object sounds: Voices elicited categorical responses in bilateral superior temporal sulci, whereas object sounds elicited categorical responses along the lateral fissure bilaterally, including the primary auditory cortex and planum temporale. Outside the auditory regions, object sounds also elicited categorical responses in the left lateral and in the ventral occipitotemporal regions in both groups. These regions also showed response preference for images of objects in the sighted group, thus suggesting a functional specialization that is independent of sensory input and visual experience. Between-group comparisons revealed that, only in the blind group, categorical responses to object sounds extended more posteriorly into the occipital cortex. Functional connectivity analyses evidenced a selective increase in the functional coupling between these reorganized regions and regions of the ventral occipitotemporal cortex in the blind group. In contrast, vocal sounds did not elicit preferential responses in the occipital cortex in either group. Nevertheless, enhanced voice-selective connectivity between the left temporal voice area and the right fusiform gyrus were found in the blind group. Altogether, these findings suggest that, in the absence of developmental vision, separate auditory categories are not equipotent in driving selective auditory recruitment of occipitotemporal regions and highlight the presence of domain-selective constraints on the expression of cross-modal plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Olivier Collignon
- University of Montreal
- University of Louvain
- McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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24
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Von Siebenthal Z, Boucher O, Rouleau I, Lassonde M, Lepore F, Nguyen DK. Decision-making impairments following insular and medial temporal lobe resection for drug-resistant epilepsy. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2017; 12:128-137. [PMID: 27798255 PMCID: PMC5390706 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsw152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides the prefrontal cortex, the insula and medial structures of the temporal lobe are thought to be involved in risky decision-making. However, their respective contributions to decision processes remain unclear due to the lack of studies involving patients with isolated insular damage. We assessed adult patients who underwent resection of the insula (n = 13) or of the anterior temporal lobe (including medial structures) (n = 13) as part of their epilepsy surgery, and a group of healthy volunteers (n = 20), on the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and on the Cups Task. Groups were matched on sociodemographic, estimated-IQ and surgery-related factors. On the IGT, patients with temporal lobe resection performed significantly worse than both the insular and healthy control groups, as they failed to learn which decks were advantageous on the long-term. On the Cups Task, the insular and temporal groups both showed impaired sensitivity to expected value in the loss domain, when compared with healthy controls. These findings provide clinical evidence that the insula and mesiotemporal structures are specifically involved in risky decision-making when facing a potential loss, and that temporal structures are also involved in learning the association between behavior and consequences in the long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olivier Boucher
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Rouleau
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maryse Lassonde
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dang K Nguyen
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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25
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Hébert-Seropian B, Boucher O, Sénéchal C, Rouleau I, Bouthillier A, Lepore F, Nguyen DK. Does unilateral insular resection disturb personality? A study with epileptic patients. J Clin Neurosci 2017; 43:121-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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26
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Costa M, Lepore F, Guillemot JP. Spectral and temporal auditory processing in the superior colliculus of aged rats. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 57:64-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Hadid V, Lepore F. From Cortical Blindness to Conscious Visual Perception: Theories on Neuronal Networks and Visual Training Strategies. Front Syst Neurosci 2017; 11:64. [PMID: 28912694 PMCID: PMC5583595 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2017.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Homonymous hemianopia (HH) is the most common cortical visual impairment leading to blindness in the contralateral hemifield. It is associated with many inconveniences and daily restrictions such as exploration and visual orientation difficulties. However, patients with HH can preserve the remarkable ability to unconsciously perceive visual stimuli presented in their blindfield, a phenomenon known as blindsight. Unfortunately, the nature of this captivating residual ability is still misunderstood and the rehabilitation strategies in terms of visual training have been insufficiently exploited. This article discusses type I and type II blindsight in a neuronal framework of altered global workspace, resulting from inefficient perception, attention and conscious networks. To enhance synchronization and create global availability for residual abilities to reach visual consciousness, rehabilitation tools need to stimulate subcortical extrastriate pathways through V5/MT. Multisensory bottom-up compensation combined with top-down restitution training could target pre-existing and new neuronal mechanisms to recreate a framework for potential functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Hadid
- Département de Sciences Biomédicales, Université de MontréalMontréal, QC, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Département de Psychologie, Université de MontréalMontréal, QC, Canada
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James C, Lepore F, Collignon O, Gajawelli N, Lepore N, Coulon O. Central sulcus depth and sulcal profile differences between congenitally blind and sighted individuals. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2017; 2017:3008-3011. [PMID: 29060531 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2017.8037490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We used BrainVisa software in an exploratory analysis measuring the depth and sulcal profile of the central sulci of congenitally blind and sighted individuals. We found the greatest differences between the groups at locations on the central sulcus corresponding with the pli de passage fronto-parietal moyen (PPFM), suggesting a cortical reorganization of the primary sensorimotor area of the hand within the central sulcus. This may be in response to the congenitally blind individuals' mastery of Braille or general increase of hand use in everyday life.
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Crollen V, Albouy G, Lepore F, Collignon O. How visual experience impacts the internal and external spatial mapping of sensorimotor functions. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1022. [PMID: 28432316 PMCID: PMC5430802 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01158-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tactile perception and motor production share the use of internally- and externally-defined coordinates. In order to examine how visual experience affects the internal/external coding of space for touch and movement, early blind (EB) and sighted controls (SC) took part in two experiments. In experiment 1, participants were required to perform a Temporal Order Judgment task (TOJ), either with their hands in parallel or crossed over the body midline. Confirming previous demonstration, crossing the hands led to a significant decrement in performance in SC but did not affect EB. In experiment 2, participants were trained to perform a sequence of five-finger movements. They were tested on their ability to produce, with the same hand but with the keypad turned upside down, the learned (internal) or the mirror (external) sequence. We observed significant transfer of motor sequence knowledge in both EB and SC irrespective of whether the representation of the sequence was internal or external. Together, these results demonstrate that visual experience differentially impacts the automatic weight attributed to internal versus external coordinates depending on task-specific spatial requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Crollen
- Centre for Mind/Brain Science, University of Trento, Mattarello, Italy.
| | - Geneviève Albouy
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Kinesiology, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Franco Lepore
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Olivier Collignon
- Centre for Mind/Brain Science, University of Trento, Mattarello, Italy.,Institute of Psychology (IPSY) and Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Pelland M, Orban P, Dansereau C, Lepore F, Bellec P, Collignon O. State-dependent modulation of functional connectivity in early blind individuals. Neuroimage 2016; 147:532-541. [PMID: 28011254 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) studies have provided strong evidences that visual deprivation influences the brain's functional architecture. In particular, reduced RSFC coupling between occipital (visual) and temporal (auditory) regions has been reliably observed in early blind individuals (EB) at rest. In contrast, task-dependent activation studies have repeatedly demonstrated enhanced co-activation and connectivity of occipital and temporal regions during auditory processing in EB. To investigate this apparent discrepancy, the functional coupling between temporal and occipital networks at rest was directly compared to that of an auditory task in both EB and sighted controls (SC). Functional brain clusters shared across groups and cognitive states (rest and auditory task) were defined. In EBs, we observed higher occipito-temporal correlations in activity during the task than at rest. The reverse pattern was observed in SC. We also observed higher temporal variability of occipito-temporal RSFC in EB suggesting that occipital regions in this population may play the role of a multiple demand system. Our study reveals how the connectivity profile of sighted and early blind people is differentially influenced by their cognitive state, bridging the gap between previous task-dependent and RSFC studies. Our results also highlight how inferring group-differences in functional brain architecture solely based on resting-state acquisition has to be considered with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Pelland
- Departement of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Pierre Orban
- Functional Neuroimaging Unit, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christian Dansereau
- Functional Neuroimaging Unit, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Computer Science and Operations Research, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Departement of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Bellec
- Functional Neuroimaging Unit, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Computer Science and Operations Research, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Olivier Collignon
- Institute of Psychology (IPSY) and Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium; CIMeC - Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, via delle Regole 101, Mattarello, TN, Italy.
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Abstract
Introduction Few studies investigated nostril-advantage in chemosensory perception, particularly, in relation to handedness. The aim of the present article was therefore to assess whether trigeminal/olfactory perception is altered by handedness. Methods We tested 50 (all right-handed) and 43 (22 left-handed) participants in Studies 1 and 2, respectively. We used binary mixtures of cinnamaldehyde and eucalyptol, in different proportions presented as physical mixtures (the same exact mixture presented birhinally to each nostril) or as a dichorhinic mixtures (different mixtures presented to each nostril). Presenting dichorhinic mixtures allowed us to assess nostril dominance based on participants' report on whether the mixture smelled more like cinnamon or eucalyptus. Participants also evaluated whether the stimuli were "painful," "warm," "cold," and "intense" on visual scales. Results In Study 1, we find that in right handers, stimuli presented to the right nostril dominated over those presented to the left nostril. These stimuli were also rated as more "painful" and "intense." In Study 2, we could not corroborate the findings in the right-handed individuals, and we found limited support for a nostril advantage left-handed individuals. Conclusion Although our data points toward a certain nostril advantage in chemosensory perception, the finding is not systematic, we discuss possible underlying factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Manescu
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Benjhyna Daniel
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Renée-Pier Filiou
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Johannes Frasnelli
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada.,Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Canada
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Voss P, Alary F, Lazzouni L, Chapman CE, Goldstein R, Bourgoin P, Lepore F. Crossmodal Processing of Haptic Inputs in Sighted and Blind Individuals. Front Syst Neurosci 2016; 10:62. [PMID: 27531974 PMCID: PMC4969315 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2016.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In a previous behavioral study, it was shown that early blind individuals were superior to sighted ones in discriminating two-dimensional (2D) tactile angle stimuli. The present study was designed to assess the neural substrate associated with a haptic 2D angle discrimination task in both sighted and blind individuals. Subjects performed tactile angle size discriminations in order to investigate whether the pattern of crossmodal occipital recruitment was lateralized as a function of the stimulated hand. Task-elicited activations were also compared across different difficulty levels to ascertain the potential modulatory role of task difficulty on crossmodal processing within occipital areas. We show that blind subjects had more widespread activation within the right lateral and superior occipital gyri when performing the haptic discrimination task. In contrast, the sighted activated the left cuneus and lingual gyrus more so than the blind when performing the task. Furthermore, activity within visual areas was shown to be predictive of tactile discrimination thresholds in the blind, but not in the sighted. Activity within parietal and occipital areas was modulated by task difficulty, where the easier angle comparison elicited more focal occipital activity along with bilateral posterior parietal activity, whereas the more difficult comparison produced more widespread occipital activity combined with reduced parietal activation. Finally, we show that crossmodal reorganization within the occipital cortex of blind individuals was primarily right lateralized, regardless of the stimulated hand, supporting previous evidence for a right-sided hemispheric specialization of the occipital cortex of blind individuals for the processing of tactile and haptic inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Voss
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal QC, Canada
| | - Flamine Alary
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal QC, Canada
| | - Latifa Lazzouni
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal QC, Canada
| | - C E Chapman
- Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central, Département de Physiologie and École de Réadaptation, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal QC, Canada
| | - Rachel Goldstein
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Bourgoin
- Département de Radiologie, Faculté de Médicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal QC, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal QC, Canada
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Dormal V, Crollen V, Baumans C, Lepore F, Collignon O. Early but not late blindness leads to enhanced arithmetic and working memory abilities. Cortex 2016; 83:212-21. [PMID: 27580465 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Behavioural and neurophysiological evidence suggest that vision plays an important role in the emergence and development of arithmetic abilities. However, how visual deprivation impacts on the development of arithmetic processing remains poorly understood. We compared the performances of early (EB), late blind (LB) and sighted control (SC) individuals during various arithmetic tasks involving addition, subtraction and multiplication of various complexities. We also assessed working memory (WM) performances to determine if they relate to a blind person's arithmetic capacities. Results showed that EB participants performed better than LB and SC in arithmetic tasks, especially in conditions in which verbal routines and WM abilities are needed. Moreover, EB participants also showed higher WM abilities. Together, our findings demonstrate that the absence of developmental vision does not prevent the development of refined arithmetic skills and can even trigger the refinement of these abilities in specific tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Dormal
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences Psychologiques, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Virginie Crollen
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences Psychologiques, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Christine Baumans
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences Psychologiques, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Franco Lepore
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Université de Montréal, Canada
| | - Olivier Collignon
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences Psychologiques, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Centre for Mind/Brain Science, University of Trento, Italy
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Costa M, Lepore F, Prévost F, Guillemot JP. Effects of aging on peripheral and central auditory processing in rats. Eur J Neurosci 2016; 44:2084-94. [PMID: 27306460 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Hearing loss is a hallmark sign in the elderly population. Decline in auditory perception provokes deficits in the ability to localize sound sources and reduces speech perception, particularly in noise. In addition to a loss of peripheral hearing sensitivity, changes in more complex central structures have also been demonstrated. Related to these, this study examines the auditory directional maps in the deep layers of the superior colliculus of the rat. Hence, anesthetized Sprague-Dawley adult (10 months) and aged (22 months) rats underwent distortion product of otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) to assess cochlear function. Then, auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were assessed, followed by extracellular single-unit recordings to determine age-related effects on central auditory functions. DPOAE amplitude levels were decreased in aged rats although they were still present between 3.0 and 24.0 kHz. ABR level thresholds in aged rats were significantly elevated at an early (cochlear nucleus - wave II) stage in the auditory brainstem. In the superior colliculus, thresholds were increased and the tuning widths of the directional receptive fields were significantly wider. Moreover, no systematic directional spatial arrangement was present among the neurons of the aged rats, implying that the topographical organization of the auditory directional map was abolished. These results suggest that the deterioration of the auditory directional spatial map can, to some extent, be attributable to age-related dysfunction at more central, perceptual stages of auditory processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Costa
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - François Prévost
- Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Paul Guillemot
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
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Dormal G, Rezk M, Yakobov E, Lepore F, Collignon O. Auditory motion in the sighted and blind: Early visual deprivation triggers a large-scale imbalance between auditory and "visual" brain regions. Neuroimage 2016; 134:630-644. [PMID: 27107468 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
How early blindness reorganizes the brain circuitry that supports auditory motion processing remains controversial. We used fMRI to characterize brain responses to in-depth, laterally moving, and static sounds in early blind and sighted individuals. Whole-brain univariate analyses revealed that the right posterior middle temporal gyrus and superior occipital gyrus selectively responded to both in-depth and laterally moving sounds only in the blind. These regions overlapped with regions selective for visual motion (hMT+/V5 and V3A) that were independently localized in the sighted. In the early blind, the right planum temporale showed enhanced functional connectivity with right occipito-temporal regions during auditory motion processing and a concomitant reduced functional connectivity with parietal and frontal regions. Whole-brain searchlight multivariate analyses demonstrated higher auditory motion decoding in the right posterior middle temporal gyrus in the blind compared to the sighted, while decoding accuracy was enhanced in the auditory cortex bilaterally in the sighted compared to the blind. Analyses targeting individually defined visual area hMT+/V5 however indicated that auditory motion information could be reliably decoded within this area even in the sighted group. Taken together, the present findings demonstrate that early visual deprivation triggers a large-scale imbalance between auditory and "visual" brain regions that typically support the processing of motion information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Dormal
- Centre de recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), University of Montreal, Canada; Institut de Psychologie et Institut de Neurosciences, University of Louvain, Belgium; Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, Institute for Psychology, University of Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Mohamed Rezk
- Centre for Mind/Brain Science (CIMeC), University of Trento, Italy
| | | | - Franco Lepore
- Centre de recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), University of Montreal, Canada
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Costa M, Piché M, Lepore F, Guillemot JP. Age-related audiovisual interactions in the superior colliculus of the rat. Neuroscience 2016; 320:19-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sayeur MS, Lefrançois M, Vannasing P, Tremblay E, Lepore F, Lassonde M, McKerral M, Gallagher A. ISDN2014_0132: Early childhood development of visual texture segregation in full‐term and preterm born children. Int J Dev Neurosci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2015.04.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Sue Sayeur
- Centre de rechercheCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte‐JustineMontréalQuébecCanada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC)Département de PsychologieUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuébecCanada
| | - Mélanie Lefrançois
- Centre de rechercheCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte‐JustineMontréalQuébecCanada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC)Département de PsychologieUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuébecCanada
| | - Phetsamone Vannasing
- Centre de rechercheCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte‐JustineMontréalQuébecCanada
| | - Emmanuel Tremblay
- Centre de rechercheCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte‐JustineMontréalQuébecCanada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC)Département de PsychologieUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuébecCanada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Centre de rechercheCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte‐JustineMontréalQuébecCanada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC)Département de PsychologieUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuébecCanada
| | - Maryse Lassonde
- Centre de rechercheCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte‐JustineMontréalQuébecCanada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC)Département de PsychologieUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuébecCanada
| | - Michelle McKerral
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC)Département de PsychologieUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuébecCanada
| | - Anne Gallagher
- Centre de rechercheCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte‐JustineMontréalQuébecCanada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC)Département de PsychologieUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuébecCanada
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Paquette N, Vannasing P, McKerral M, Lepore F, Lassonde M, Gallagher A. ISDN2014_0115: Born too soon? Cognitive and electrophysiological evaluation of atypical language processing in the prematurely born baby. Int J Dev Neurosci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2015.04.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Paquette
- Research CenterSainte‐Justine University Hospital CenterMontrealCanada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et CognitionDepartment of PsychologyUniversity of MontrealMontréalCanada
| | | | - Michelle McKerral
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et CognitionDepartment of PsychologyUniversity of MontrealMontréalCanada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Research CenterSainte‐Justine University Hospital CenterMontrealCanada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et CognitionDepartment of PsychologyUniversity of MontrealMontréalCanada
| | - Maryse Lassonde
- Research CenterSainte‐Justine University Hospital CenterMontrealCanada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et CognitionDepartment of PsychologyUniversity of MontrealMontréalCanada
| | - Anne Gallagher
- Research CenterSainte‐Justine University Hospital CenterMontrealCanada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et CognitionDepartment of PsychologyUniversity of MontrealMontréalCanada
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Paquette N, Vannasing P, Tremblay J, Lefebvre F, Roy MS, McKerral M, Lepore F, Lassonde M, Gallagher A. Early electrophysiological markers of atypical language processing in prematurely born infants. Neuropsychologia 2015; 79:21-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Collignon O, Dormal G, de Heering A, Lepore F, Lewis T, Maurer D. A short period of visual deprivation at birth triggers long-lasting crossmodal reorganization of the occipital cortex in humans. J Vis 2015. [DOI: 10.1167/15.12.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Sayeur MS, Vannasing P, Tremblay E, Lepore F, McKerral M, Lassonde M, Gallagher A. Visual Development and Neuropsychological Profile in Preterm Children from 6 Months to School Age. J Child Neurol 2015; 30:1159-73. [PMID: 25414236 DOI: 10.1177/0883073814555188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this semilongitudinal study was to investigate the development of central visual pathways in children born preterm but without major neurologic impairments and to establish their cognitive and behavioral profile at school age. Ten children born preterm were assessed at 6 months and at school age, using visual evoked potentials at both time points and cognitive and behavioral tests at school age. We also tested 10 age-matched children born full-term. At 6 months' corrected age, we found no significant differences between preterm and full-term groups for either amplitude or latency of N1 and P1 components. At school age, the preterm group manifested significantly higher N1 amplitudes and tended to show higher P1 amplitudes than the full-term group. We found no significant differences in cognitive and behavioral measures at school age. These results suggest that preterm birth affects visual pathways development, yet the children born preterm did not manifest cognitive problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Sue Sayeur
- Research Centre in Neuropsychology and Cognition, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada Research Centre, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Emmanuel Tremblay
- Research Centre in Neuropsychology and Cognition, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada Research Centre, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Research Centre in Neuropsychology and Cognition, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada Research Centre, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michelle McKerral
- Research Centre in Neuropsychology and Cognition, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maryse Lassonde
- Research Centre in Neuropsychology and Cognition, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada Research Centre, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anne Gallagher
- Research Centre in Neuropsychology and Cognition, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada Research Centre, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Schmidt CSM, Lassonde M, Gagnon L, Sauerwein CH, Carmant L, Major P, Paquette N, Lepore F, Gallagher A. Neuropsychological functioning in children with temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal atrophy without mesial temporal sclerosis: a distinct clinical entity? Epilepsy Behav 2015; 44:17-22. [PMID: 25597528 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Unilateral hippocampal atrophy (HA) is considered as a precursor of mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) in some patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. However, in other cases, it has been suggested that HA without MTS may constitute a distinct epileptic entity. Hippocampal atrophy without MTS was defined as HA without T2-weighted hyperintensity, loss of internal architecture, or associated lesion seen on the MRI data. To date, no study has focused on the cognitive pattern of children with epilepsy with HA without MTS. The objectives of the present study were to characterize the cognitive profile of these children and to investigate the presence (or the absence) of material-specific memory deficits in these young patients, as found in patients with MTS. Toward this end, 16 young patients with epilepsy with either left or right HA without MTS completed a set of neuropsychological tests, assessing overall intelligence, verbal memory and nonverbal memory, and some aspects of attention and executive functions. Results showed normal intellectual functioning without specific memory deficits in these patients. Furthermore, comparison between patients with left HA and patients with right HA failed to reveal a material-specific lateralized memory pattern. Instead, attention and executive functions were found to be impaired in most patients. These results suggest that HA may constitute a distinct epileptic entity, and this information may help health-care providers initiate appropriate and timely interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte S M Schmidt
- Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, 90 Avenue Vincent-d'Indy, Montréal, QC H2V 2S9, Canada; Department of Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, 6229 Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maryse Lassonde
- Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, 90 Avenue Vincent-d'Indy, Montréal, QC H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Louise Gagnon
- Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Catherine H Sauerwein
- Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, 90 Avenue Vincent-d'Indy, Montréal, QC H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Lionel Carmant
- Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Philippe Major
- Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Natacha Paquette
- Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, 90 Avenue Vincent-d'Indy, Montréal, QC H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, 90 Avenue Vincent-d'Indy, Montréal, QC H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Anne Gallagher
- Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, 3175 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, 90 Avenue Vincent-d'Indy, Montréal, QC H2V 2S9, Canada.
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Boucher O, Turgeon C, Champoux S, Ménard L, Rouleau I, Lassonde M, Lepore F, Nguyen DK. Hyperacusis following unilateral damage to the insular cortex: a three-case report. Brain Res 2015; 1606:102-12. [PMID: 25721796 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The insula is a multisensory area involved in various brain functions, including central auditory processing. However, its specific role in auditory function remains unclear. Here we report three cases of persistent hypersensitivity to auditory stimuli following damage to the insular cortex, using behavioral and neurophysiological measures. Two patients who complained of auditory disturbance since they suffered an isolated unilateral insular stroke, and one epileptic patient who underwent right insular resection for control of drug-resistant seizures, were involved in this study. These patients, all young adult women, were tested for auditory function more than one year after brain injury, and were compared to 10 healthy control participants matched for age, sex, and education. The assessment included pure-tone detection and speech detection in quiet, loudness discomfort levels, random gap detection, recognition of frequency and duration patterns, binaural separation, dichotic listening, as well as late-latency auditory event-related potentials (ERPs). Each patient showed mild or moderate hyperacusis, as revealed by decreased loudness discomfort levels, which was more important on the side of lesion in two cases. Tests of temporal processing also revealed impairments, in concordance with previous findings. ERPs of two patients were characterised by increased amplitude of the P3b component elicited during a two-tone auditory oddball detection task. This study is the first to report cases of persistent hyperacusis following damage to the insular cortex, and suggests that the insula is involved in modulating the perceived intensity of the incoming auditory stimuli during late-stage processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Boucher
- Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition, Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU Hôpital Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Christine Turgeon
- Département de linguistique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sara Champoux
- Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition, Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Lucie Ménard
- Département de linguistique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Rouleau
- Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Maryse Lassonde
- Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition, Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHU Hôpital Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Centre de recherche en neuropsychologie et cognition, Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Dang K Nguyen
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Boucher O, Rouleau I, Escudier F, Malenfant A, Denault C, Charbonneau S, Finet P, Lassonde M, Lepore F, Bouthillier A, Nguyen DK. Neuropsychological performance before and after partial or complete insulectomy in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2015; 43:53-60. [PMID: 25561378 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Resection of the insular cortex is becoming more frequent as it is increasingly recognized that a nonnegligible proportion of surgical candidates with drug-resistant epilepsy have an epileptogenic zone that involves the insula. In the last decades, however, the insula has been proposed to be involved in several neuropsychological functions, and there is a lack of documentation on whether partial or complete insulectomy results in permanent cognitive impairments in this clinical population. In this study, we conducted standard preoperative and postoperative neuropsychological assessments in 18 patients undergoing epilepsy surgery that included the removal of the insula in the right (n=13) or the left (n=5) hemisphere. Postoperative testing was conducted at least five months after surgery. Cognitive impairments were common and heterogeneous prior to surgery, with language and verbal memory impairments being especially frequent among patients in whom epileptic seizures originated from the left hemisphere. After surgery, declines and improvements occurred on a variety of outcomes, although new deficits were relatively infrequent among patients who had obtained normal performance at baseline. Statistical comparisons between preoperative and postoperative assessments revealed significant deterioration of only one outcome - the color naming condition of the Stroop test - which relies on oro-motor speed and lexical access. These findings suggest that partial or complete resection of the insular cortex in patients with drug-refractory epilepsy can be conducted without major permanent neuropsychological impairments in a vast majority of patients. However, small decrements in specific cognitive functions can be expected, which should also be taken into account when considering the surgical option in this clinical population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Boucher
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Rouleau
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Montréal, QC, Canada; Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Frédérique Escudier
- Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Annie Malenfant
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Carole Denault
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Simon Charbonneau
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Patrice Finet
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Maryse Lassonde
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alain Bouthillier
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Dang K Nguyen
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Phillips-Silver J, Toiviainen P, Gosselin N, Turgeon C, Lepore F, Peretz I. Cochlear implant users move in time to the beat of drum music. Hear Res 2015; 321:25-34. [PMID: 25575604 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cochlear implant users show a profile of residual, yet poorly understood, musical abilities. An ability that has received little to no attention in this population is entrainment to a musical beat. We show for the first time that a heterogeneous group of cochlear implant users is able to find the beat and move their bodies in time to Latin Merengue music, especially when the music is presented in unpitched drum tones. These findings not only reveal a hidden capacity for feeling musical rhythm through the body in the deaf and hearing impaired population, but illuminate promising avenues for designing early childhood musical training that can engage implanted children in social musical activities with benefits potentially extending to non-musical domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Phillips-Silver
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), Pavillon 1420 boul. Mont Royal, University of Montreal, Case Postale 6128, Station Centre-Ville, Montreal Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Petri Toiviainen
- Finnish Centre of Excellence in Interdisciplinary Music Research, University of Jyväskylä, Department of Music, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.
| | - Nathalie Gosselin
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), Pavillon 1420 boul. Mont Royal, University of Montreal, Case Postale 6128, Station Centre-Ville, Montreal Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Christine Turgeon
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Franco Lepore
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
| | - Isabelle Peretz
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), Pavillon 1420 boul. Mont Royal, University of Montreal, Case Postale 6128, Station Centre-Ville, Montreal Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.
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Boucher O, D'Hondt F, Tremblay J, Lepore F, Lassonde M, Vannasing P, Bouthillier A, Nguyen DK. Spatiotemporal dynamics of affective picture processing revealed by intracranial high-gamma modulations. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 36:16-28. [PMID: 25142122 PMCID: PMC6869418 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Our comprehension of the neural mechanisms underlying emotional information processing has largely benefited from noninvasive electrophysiological and functional neuroimaging techniques in recent years. However, the spatiotemporal dynamics of the neural events occurring during emotional processing remain imprecise due to the limited combination of spatial and temporal resolution provided by these techniques. This study examines the modulations of high-frequency activity of intracranial electroencephalography recordings associated with affective picture valence, in epileptic patients awaiting neurosurgery. Recordings were obtained from subdural grids and depth electrodes in eight patients while they viewed a series of unpleasant, pleasant and neutral pictures from the International Affective Picture System. Broadband high-gamma (70-150 Hz) power was computed for separate 100-ms time windows and compared according to ratings of emotional valence. Compared to emotionally neutral or pleasant pictures, unpleasant stimuli were associated with an early and long-lasting (≈200-1,000 ms) bilateral increase in high-gamma activity in visual areas of the occipital and temporal lobes, together with a late and transient (≈500-800 ms) decrease found bilaterally in the lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC). Pleasant pictures were associated with increased gamma activity in the occipital cortex, compared to the emotionally neutral stimuli. Consistent with previous studies, our results provide direct evidence of emotion-related modulations in the visual ventral pathway during picture processing. Results in the lateral PFC also shed light on the neural mechanisms underlying its role in negative emotions processing. This study demonstrates the utility of intracranial high-gamma modulations to study emotional process with a high spatiotemporal precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Boucher
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Département de psychologieUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
- Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Sainte‐JustineHôpital Sainte‐JustineMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Fabien D'Hondt
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Département de psychologieUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
- Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Sainte‐JustineHôpital Sainte‐JustineMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Julie Tremblay
- Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Sainte‐JustineHôpital Sainte‐JustineMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Département de psychologieUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Maryse Lassonde
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Département de psychologieUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
- Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Sainte‐JustineHôpital Sainte‐JustineMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Phetsamone Vannasing
- Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Sainte‐JustineHôpital Sainte‐JustineMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Alain Bouthillier
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de MontréalHôpital Notre‐DameMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Dang Khoa Nguyen
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de MontréalHôpital Notre‐DameMontréalQuebecCanada
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Dormal G, Lepore F, Harissi-Dagher M, Albouy G, Bertone A, Rossion B, Collignon O. Tracking the evolution of crossmodal plasticity and visual functions before and after sight restoration. J Neurophysiol 2014; 113:1727-42. [PMID: 25520432 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00420.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Visual deprivation leads to massive reorganization in both the structure and function of the occipital cortex, raising crucial challenges for sight restoration. We tracked the behavioral, structural, and neurofunctional changes occurring in an early and severely visually impaired patient before and 1.5 and 7 mo after sight restoration with magnetic resonance imaging. Robust presurgical auditory responses were found in occipital cortex despite residual preoperative vision. In primary visual cortex, crossmodal auditory responses overlapped with visual responses and remained elevated even 7 mo after surgery. However, these crossmodal responses decreased in extrastriate occipital regions after surgery, together with improved behavioral vision and with increases in both gray matter density and neural activation in low-level visual regions. Selective responses in high-level visual regions involved in motion and face processing were observable even before surgery and did not evolve after surgery. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that structural and functional reorganization of occipital regions are present in an individual with a long-standing history of severe visual impairment and that such reorganizations can be partially reversed by visual restoration in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Dormal
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Institute of Research in Psychology (IPSY), Center for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Franco Lepore
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mona Harissi-Dagher
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM) Notre Dame, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Albouy
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de l'Université de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Armando Bertone
- Department of Education and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and
| | - Bruno Rossion
- Institute of Research in Psychology (IPSY), Center for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Olivier Collignon
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Centro Interdipartimentale Mente/Cervello (CIMeC), Università di Trento, Mattarello, Italy
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Tremblay E, Vannasing P, Roy MS, Lefebvre F, Kombate D, Lassonde M, Lepore F, McKerral M, Gallagher A. Delayed early primary visual pathway development in premature infants: high density electrophysiological evidence. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107992. [PMID: 25268226 PMCID: PMC4182425 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decades, multiple studies have been interested in developmental patterns of the visual system in healthy infants. During the first year of life, differential maturational changes have been observed between the Magnocellular (P) and the Parvocellular (P) visual pathways. However, few studies investigated P and M system development in infants born prematurely. The aim of the present study was to characterize P and M system maturational differences between healthy preterm and fullterm infants through a critical period of visual maturation: the first year of life. Using a cross-sectional design, high-density electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded in 31 healthy preterms and 41 fullterm infants of 3, 6, or 12 months (corrected age for premature babies). Three visual stimulations varying in contrast and spatial frequency were presented to stimulate preferentially the M pathway, the P pathway, or both systems simultaneously during EEG recordings. Results from early visual evoked potentials in response to the stimulation that activates simultaneously both systems revealed longer N1 latencies and smaller P1 amplitudes in preterm infants compared to fullterms. Moreover, preterms showed longer N1 and P1 latencies in response to stimuli assessing the M pathway at 3 months. No differences between preterms and fullterms were found when using the preferential P system stimulation. In order to identify the cerebral generator of each visual response, distributed source analyses were computed in 12-month-old infants using LORETA. Source analysis demonstrated an activation of the parietal dorsal region in fullterm infants, in response to the preferential M pathway, which was not seen in the preterms. Overall, these findings suggest that the Magnocellular pathway development is affected in premature infants. Although our VEP results suggest that premature children overcome, at least partially, the visual developmental delay with time, source analyses reveal abnormal brain activation of the Magnocellular pathway at 12 months of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Tremblay
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Phetsamone Vannasing
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Sylvie Roy
- Département d′Ophtalmologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Francine Lefebvre
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Damelan Kombate
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Maryse Lassonde
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Michelle McKerral
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Anne Gallagher
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- * E-mail:
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50
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Turgeon C, Champoux F, Lepore F, Ellemberg D. Deficits in auditory frequency discrimination and speech recognition in cochlear implant users. Cochlear Implants Int 2014; 16:88-94. [DOI: 10.1179/1754762814y.0000000091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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