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Schimites PI, Mangini LT, Gasparotto JC, Franco IG, Alves TS, Biaggio ML, Mangini NP, Freitas GC, Floriano BP, Soares AV. Sedative and cardiorespiratory effects of dexmedetomidine alone or combined with acepromazine in healthy cats. Vet J 2024; 304:106099. [PMID: 38462168 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess sedation, emesis and cardiovascular effects of dexmedetomidine alone or combined with acepromazine in healthy cats. Fourteen male cats aged 0.9 ± 0.5 years and weighing 3.7 ± 0.7 kg were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups: GD, dexmedetomidine 5 µg/kg; and GDA, dexmedetomidine 5 µg/kg with acepromazine 0.03 mg/kg, all intramuscularly. Measurements were recorded at baseline, at 20 minutes and then at 10-minute intervals following sedation and included heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (FR), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), rectal temperature (RT), number of episodes of emesis and sedation score (0-4). Data were compared using ANOVA for repeated measures followed by Šídák and Dunnet test. Sedation scores were compared between groups at T20 using Mann-Whitney test. Significance was considered when P <0.05. At T20, HR was significantly lower in GDA (99 ± 14 beats/min) compared with GD (133 ± 19 beats/min) and SAP was significantly lower in both groups compared with baseline (126 ± 14 vs. 148 ± 26 and 111 ± 13 vs. 144 ± 17 mmHg in GD and GDA, respectively). Duration of sedation was similar between groups, although sedation scores differed significantly at T20, with 1 (0-4) in GD and 4 (4-4) in GDA. More episodes of emesis were recorded in GD compared with GDA. The combination of dexmedetomidine and acepromazine produced more profound sedation with faster onset and lower incidence of emesis compared with dexmedetomidine alone in healthy cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- P I Schimites
- Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Post-Graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine, Center of Rural Sciences, Department of Small Animal Clinic, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - L T Mangini
- Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Post-Graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine, Center of Rural Sciences, Department of Small Animal Clinic, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State 97105-900, Brazil
| | - J C Gasparotto
- Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Post-Graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine, Center of Rural Sciences, Department of Small Animal Clinic, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State 97105-900, Brazil
| | - I G Franco
- University Center of Ourinhos, Ourinhos, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - T S Alves
- Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Post-Graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine, Center of Rural Sciences, Department of Small Animal Clinic, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State 97105-900, Brazil
| | - M L Biaggio
- Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Post-Graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine, Center of Rural Sciences, Department of Small Animal Clinic, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State 97105-900, Brazil
| | - N P Mangini
- Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Post-Graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine, Center of Rural Sciences, Department of Small Animal Clinic, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State 97105-900, Brazil
| | - G C Freitas
- Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Post-Graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine, Center of Rural Sciences, Department of Small Animal Clinic, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State 97105-900, Brazil
| | - B P Floriano
- Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Post-Graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine, Center of Rural Sciences, Department of Small Animal Clinic, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State 97105-900, Brazil
| | - A V Soares
- Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Post-Graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine, Center of Rural Sciences, Department of Small Animal Clinic, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State 97105-900, Brazil
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