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Mayne GC, Woods CM, Dharmawardana N, Wang T, Krishnan S, Hodge JC, Foreman A, Boase S, Carney AS, Sigston EAW, Watson DI, Ooi EH, Hussey DJ. Correction: Cross validated serum small extracellular vesicle microRNAs for the detection of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. J Transl Med 2022; 20:282. [PMID: 35733203 PMCID: PMC9215024 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G C Mayne
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - C M Woods
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - N Dharmawardana
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - T Wang
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - S Krishnan
- Royal Adelaide Hospital and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - J C Hodge
- Royal Adelaide Hospital and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - A Foreman
- Royal Adelaide Hospital and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - S Boase
- Royal Adelaide Hospital, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.,Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - A S Carney
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - E A W Sigston
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck, Monash Health and Department of Surgery, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - D I Watson
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - E H Ooi
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - D J Hussey
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia.
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Mayne GC, Woods CM, Dharmawardana N, Wang T, Krishnan S, Hodge JC, Foreman A, Boase S, Carney AS, Sigston EAW, Watson DI, Ooi EH, Hussey DJ. Cross validated serum small extracellular vesicle microRNAs for the detection of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. J Transl Med 2020; 18:280. [PMID: 32650803 PMCID: PMC7350687 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02446-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is often diagnosed at an advanced stage because the disease often causes minimal symptoms other than metastasis to neck lymph nodes. Better tools are required to assist with the early detection of OPSCC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are potential biomarkers for early head and neck squamous cell cancer diagnosis, prognosis, recurrence, and presence of metastatic disease. However, there is no widespread agreement on a panel of miRNAs with clinically meaningful utility for head and neck squamous cell cancers. This could be due to variations in the collection, storage, pre-processing, and isolation of RNA, but several reports have indicated that the selection and reproducibility of biomarkers has been widely affected by the methods used for data analysis. The primary analysis issues appear to be model overfitting and the incorrect application of statistical techniques. The purpose of this study was to develop a robust statistical approach to identify a miRNA signature that can distinguish controls and patients with inflammatory disease from patients with human papilloma virus positive (HPV +) OPSCC. METHODS Small extracellular vesicles were harvested from the serum of 20 control patients, 20 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD), and 40 patients with locally advanced HPV + OPSCC. MicroRNAs were purified, and expression profiled on OpenArray™. A novel cross validation method, using lasso regression, was developed to stabilise selection of miRNAs for inclusion in a prediction model. The method, named StaVarSel (for Stable Variable Selection), was used to derive a diagnostic biomarker signature. RESULTS A standard cross validation approach was unable to produce a biomarker signature with good cross validated predictive capacity. In contrast, StaVarSel produced a regression model containing 11 miRNA ratios with potential clinical utility. Sample permutations indicated that the estimated cross validated prediction accuracy of the 11-miR-ratio model was not due to chance alone. CONCLUSIONS We developed a novel method, StaVarSel, that was able to identify a panel of miRNAs, present in small extracellular vesicles derived from blood serum, that robustly cross validated as a biomarker for the detection of HPV + OPSCC. This approach could be used to derive diagnostic biomarkers of other head and neck cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Mayne
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - C M Woods
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - N Dharmawardana
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - T Wang
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University , Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - S Krishnan
- Royal Adelaide Hospital and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - J C Hodge
- Royal Adelaide Hospital and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - A Foreman
- Royal Adelaide Hospital and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - S Boase
- Royal Adelaide Hospital, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
- Flinders University, South Australia, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - A S Carney
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University , Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - E A W Sigston
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck, Monash Health and Department of Surgery, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - D I Watson
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - E H Ooi
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia
| | - D J Hussey
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, 5042, Australia.
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Ghosal P, Sukocheva OA, Wang T, Mayne GC, Watson DI, Hussey DJ. Effects of chemotherapy agents on Sphingosine-1-Phosphate receptors expression in MCF-7 mammary cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 81:218-224. [PMID: 27261597 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a potent bioactive sphingolipid involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and cancer progression. Increased expression of S1P receptors has been detected in advanced breast tumours with poor prognosis suggesting that S1P receptors might control tumour response to chemotherapy. However, it remains unclear how the levels of S1P receptor expression are influenced by chemotherapy agents. Western immunoblotting, PCR analysis and fluorescent microscopy techniques were used in this study to analyze expression patterns of S1P receptors 2 and 3 (S1P2/S1P3) in MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma cells treated by Tamoxifen (TAM) and/or Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). We found that TAM/MPA induce downregulation of S1P3 receptors, but stimulate expression of S1P2. According to cell viability and caspase activity analyses, as expected, TAM activated apoptosis. We also detected TAM/MPA-induced autophagy marked by formation of macroautophagosomes and increased level of Beclin 1. Combined application of TAM and MPA resulted in synergistic apoptosis- and autophagy-stimulating effects. Assessed by fluorescent microscopy with autophagosome marker LAMP-2, changes in S1P receptor expression coincided with activation of autophagy, suggestively, directing breast cancer cells towards death. Further studies are warranted to explore the utility of manipulation of S1P2 and S1P3 receptor expression as a novel treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ghosal
- Flinders University Department of Surgery & Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - O A Sukocheva
- Flinders University Department of Surgery & Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia.
| | - T Wang
- Flinders University Department of Surgery & Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - G C Mayne
- Flinders University Department of Surgery & Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - D I Watson
- Flinders University Department of Surgery & Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia
| | - D J Hussey
- Flinders University Department of Surgery & Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, 5042, South Australia, Australia
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Gordon LG, Eckermann S, Hirst NG, Watson DI, Mayne GC, Fahey P, Whiteman DC. Healthcare resource use and medical costs for the management of oesophageal cancer. Br J Surg 2011; 98:1589-98. [PMID: 22059235 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.7599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined the interaction between natural history, current practice patterns in diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of oesophageal cancer, and associated health resource utilization and costs. METHODS A cost analysis of a prospective population-based cohort of 1100 patients with a primary diagnosis of oesophageal cancer was performed using chart review from the Australian Cancer Study Clinical Follow-Up Study. The analysis enabled estimation of healthcare resources and associated costs in 2009 euros by stage of disease and treatment pathway. RESULTS Most patients (88·5 per cent) presented with stage II, III or IV cancer; 61·1 per cent (672 of 1100) were treated surgically. Overall mean costs were €37,195 (median €29,114) for patients undergoing surgery and €17,281 (median €13,066) for those treated without surgery. Surgery contributed 66·4 per cent of the total costs (mean €24,697 per patient) in the surgical group. In the non-surgical group, use of chemotherapy was more prevalent (81·9 per cent of patients) and contributed 61·1 per cent of the total costs. Other important cost determinants were gastro-oesophageal junction tumours, treatment location and tumour stage. Mean costs of those monitored for Barrett's oesophagus (7·3 per cent of patients) were lower, although about one-third still presented with advanced-stage cancer. CONCLUSION Overall costs for managing oesophageal cancer were high and dominated by surgery costs in patients treated surgically and by chemotherapy costs in patients treated without surgery. Radiotherapy, treatment location and cancer subtype were also important. Monitoring for Barrett's oesophagus and earlier-stage detection were associated with lower management costs, but the potential net benefit from surveillance strategies needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Gordon
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Population Health Department, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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Neuzil J, Weber T, Schröder A, Lu M, Ostermann G, Gellert N, Mayne GC, Olejnicka B, Nègre-Salvayre A, Stícha M, Coffey RJ, Weber C. Induction of cancer cell apoptosis by alpha-tocopheryl succinate: molecular pathways and structural requirements. FASEB J 2001; 15:403-15. [PMID: 11156956 DOI: 10.1096/fj.00-0251com] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The vitamin E analog alpha-tocopheryl succinate (alpha-TOS) can induce apoptosis. We show that the proapoptotic activity of alpha-TOS in hematopoietic and cancer cell lines involves inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC), since phorbol myristyl acetate prevented alpha-TOS-triggered apoptosis. More selective effectors indicated that alpha-TOS reduced PKCalpha isotype activity by increasing protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity. The role of PKCalpha inhibition in alpha-TOS-induced apoptosis was confirmed using antisense oligonucleotides or PKCalpha overexpression. Gain- or loss-of-function bcl-2 mutants implied modulation of bcl-2 activity by PKC/PP2A as a mitochondrial target of alpha-TOS-induced proapoptotic signals. Structural analogs revealed that alpha-tocopheryl and succinyl moieties are both required for maximizing these effects. In mice with colon cancer xenografts, alpha-TOS suppressed tumor growth by 80%. This epitomizes cancer cell killing by a pharmacologically relevant compound without known side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Neuzil
- Institute for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases and Medical Policlinic, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
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Mayne GC, Murray AW. Evidence that protein kinase Cepsilon mediates phorbol ester inhibition of calphostin C- and tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis in U937 histiocytic lymphoma cells. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:24115-21. [PMID: 9727032 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.37.24115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC) activators, such as the tumor-promoting phorbol esters, have been reported to protect several cell lines from apoptosis induced by a variety of agents. Recent evidence suggests that PKCepsilon is involved in protection of cardiac myocytes from hypoxia-induced cell death (Gray, M. O., Karliner, J. S., and Mochly-Rosen, D. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 30945-30951). We investigated the protective effects of the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on U937 histiocytic lymphoma cells induced to undergo apoptosis by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or by the specific PKC inhibitor calphostin C. U937 cells were transiently permeabilized with a peptide (epsilonV1-2) derived from the V1 region of PKCepsilon that has been reported to specifically block translocation of PKCepsilon. The epsilonV1-2 peptide blocked the inhibitory effect of TPA on both TNF-alpha- and calphostin C-induced apoptosis. A scrambled version of epsilonV1-2 and a peptide reported to inhibit PKCbeta translocation (betaC2-4) had no effect on the ability of TPA to inhibit apoptosis. These results suggest that PKCepsilon is required for the protective effect of TPA in TNF-alpha- and calphostin C-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, calphostin C reduced membrane-associated PKCepsilon activity and immunoreactivity, suggesting that PKCepsilon may play an important role in leukemic cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Mayne
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia.
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Abstract
The novel lipid second messenger, ceramide, induced apoptosis in PC12 cells as determined morphologically by nuclear appearance and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Apoptosis was induced by exogenous C2-ceramide in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Natural ceramide and C6-ceramide had a similar effect. This response was specific since the structural analog C2-dihydroceramide and other related lipids failed to initiate apoptosis. The apoptotic effect of ceramide also depends critically on cell plating density. Furthermore, the peptide inhibitor of interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE)-like proteases, Z-VAD.FMK, completely prevented the nuclear changes induced by ceramide, implicating the involvement of ICE-like protease activation in ceramide-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Hartfield
- School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Adelaide.
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