THE LESIONS IN THE SKELETAL MUSCLES IN EXPERIMENTAL SCORBUTUS

1. Muscle degeneration was constantly found in the intercostal muscles of scorbutic guinea pigs. 2. It has likewise been found in the masseter and diaphragmatic muscles. 3. Exercise will produce an identical lesion in other skeletal muscles in scorbutic animals. 4. The lesions appear to be an intrinsic part of the scorbutic process. 5. It is suggested that the tenderness over muscles in scorbutic animals and in man may be due to this myopathy.

INCIDENCE OF GASTRIC ULCER IN ALBINO RATS FED DIETS DEFICIENT IN VITAMIN B (B(1))

73 per cent of a group of albino rats whose diet was deficient in vitamin B have been found to have ulcerations of the gastric mucosa. A control group was found to be free from gastric lesions. Of 74 observed lesions eight were chronic, indurated ulcers resembling chronic peptic ulcer in man. The chronicity of the ulcers seems to be related to the duration rather than the degree of the deficiency. The lesions were generally located along the lesser curvature of the stomach, as is true in man. The size of the lesions in rat and man are comparable if adjustment is made for differences in the sizes of the organs.

THE SIMULTANEOUS OCCURRENCE OF THE VIRUSES OF CANINE DISTEMPER AND LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS : A CORRECTION OF "CANINE DISTEMPER IN THE RHESUS MONKEY"

A particular strain of canine distemper, long maintained by serial passage in dogs and ferrets was found to contain the virus of lymphocytic choriomeningitis in addition to that of distemper.

CANINE DISTEMPER IN THE RHESUS MONKEY (MACACA MULATTA)

Canine distemper has been transmitted to rhesus monkeys by a variety of methods. The disease is strikingly similar if not identical in its features with distemper in dogs.

TOOTH GROWTH IN EXPERIMENTAL SCURVY

1. The incisor teeth of guinea pigs have a constant rate of growth in health. 2. Deprivation of Vitamin C causes the teeth to cease growing. Readministration of the vitamin restores the growth. 3. Administration of small amounts of antiscorbutic substance results in rates of growth roughly proportional to dosage. 4. Under standard experimental conditions used in the testing of foodstuffs for antiscorbutic value, the rate of tooth growth would appear to be a precise indication of the degree of scurvy, being more delicate than the Sherman score, and more constant as well as more simple, than the Höjer method. 5. Stress in terms of usage appears to exaggerate the scorbutic lesions in the teeth.

THE SPARING EFFECT OF CANINE DISTEMPER ON POLIOMYELITIS IN MACACA MULATTA

1. Rhesus monkeys inoculated with canine distemper are relatively or completely immune to experimental poliomyelitis during the first 2 weeks of the distemper. 2. Monkeys convalescent from distemper are not resistant to experimental poliomyelitis. 3. Two monkeys vaccinated with distemper virus responded to poliomyelitis in a modified manner. 4. Distemper antiserum did not influence the course of experimental poliomyelitis in rhesus monkeys. 5. Equine encephalomyelitis and vaccinia encephalitis showed no sparing effect on the course of experimental poliomyelitis. 6. The concurrence of distemper and poliomyelitis in monkeys seems to represent a new immunity mechanism in the virus field.

A CRITERION OF HEMORRHAGIC DIATHESIS IN EXPERIMENTAL SCURVY

1. The degree of scorbutic change in the vessels of animals with experimental scurvy can be roughly measured by establishing the amount of negative pressure required to produce petechial hemorrhages in the skin. 2. The test shows that the hemorrhagic diathesis in experimental scurvy develops earlier than any other known sign of the disease and that it persists in some degree throughout. 3. The response of the blood vessels to the administration of antiscorbutic substances is extremely rapid as shown by the test, but it varies with the amount of antiscorbutic given and its method of administration. 4. The changes in the resistance of the vessels follows a curve which rises towards recovery during the end of the 1st week on a scorbutic diet, reaches a peak in the 2nd week and then falls steadily during the remainder of the course of the disease. This indicates that the course of the disease is not constant and progressive. 5. The test may have clinical value in the diagnosis of scurvy.

Malignant lymphomas of African children

Clinical, pathologic, and epidemiologic observations of malignant tumors of children in sub-Sahara Africa suggest alternative theories of causation, and give insight into environmental influences that may play a large role in the etiology and form of malignant lymphatic tumors and cerebral neoplasms of infants.

Further observations of the lymphomas of African children

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Section on Microbiology: Three Pioneer Medical Mycologists

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