[Prognostic value of pulmonary hemodynamic parameters for predicting survival in acute coronary syndrome]

Objective: To explore the characteristics and prognostic value of pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods: From a prospective multicenter registry study of pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease, consecutive ACS patients who underwent coronary angiography in combination with left and right heart catheterization during hospitalization between January 2013 and November 2016 were involved. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. The prognostic variables identified by the Lasso analysis were included in the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score. Model performance was evaluated before and after the addition of hemodynamic parameters. Results: A total of 251 patients were enrolled, with age of (63.7±11.5) years. A total of 198 males (78.9%) and 53 females (21.1%) were recruited, and the median follow-up time was 34.7 months. Right heart catheterization-assessed mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (sPAP) and diastolic pressure gradient (DPG) were found to be significant predictors for survival in ACS. Adjusted for age and sex, the adjusted HR (95%CI) of mPAP, sPAP and DPG were 1.068 (1.015-1.123), 1.033 (1.002-1.065) and 1.094 (1.008-1.187), respectively (P<0.05). Applied to the present cohort of 251 patients, the median of the GRACE score was 123 points, with a C-index of 0.703 (95%CI: 0.615-0.791) for predicting mortality. After the addition of mPAP or DPG to the GRACE score, the C-index increased to 0.715 (95%CI: 0.629-0.801) or 0.711 (95%CI: 0.625-0.797), respectively. When comparing two models before and after the addition of mPAP or DPG, the integrated discriminatory index (IDI) was 4.3% (95%CI: 0.2%-13.5%, P=0.030) and 3.0% (95%CI: 0.2%-11.1%, P=0.020), respectively. Conclusion: Pulmonary hemodynamics can be predictive for survival in ACS patients, providing incremental prognostic value to risk assessment in ACS.

[Application and Inspiration of Information System used in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of America]

The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of America has been running for more than 60 years and has achieved many significant achievements with international influence. The application of modern information technologies in NHANES provides a supplementary tool for the project's high quality and refined implementation. This paper introduces the information system of NHANES from seven aspects: project management, survey participant interview, physical examination, laboratory examination, field follow-up, data sharing, and social services. The construction and application prospects of the China National Health Survey Information System, suitable for China's native conditions, are also discussed in this article.

[Principles and practice on cohort study of general population in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province]

Cohort study has emerged as an essential tool for gaining knowledge about risk factors and prevention of diseases. The studies related to cohort population have been progressing more than 60 years in our country, while different types and numbers in cohort studies have increased dramatically with the key programs special for the cohort study were approved firstly by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China since 2016. With typical study design, cohort study is currently needed to use the latest multidisciplinary resources and methods in order to be more systematic and accurate on association analysis and causal inference of diseases. For the cohort study of general population in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province, the core principles and concepts of study design, progress and the key issues targeting implementation were introduced. In addition, opportunities, bottlenecks and solutions facing us were also explored.

[Prevalence and risk factors of pterygium in Han and Yugur populations in Gansu Province, China]

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of pterygium in Han and Yugur populations aged 40-79 years in Gansu Province, China. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A multistage cluster sampling method with urbanization level-based stratification was employed. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the risk factors of pterygium. Results: A total of 4 193 people (1 840 males, 2 353 females; 3 035 Hans, 1 158 Yugurs) aged over 40 in Gansu Province were included in the study. Among them, 391 patients (9.3%) were found to have pterygium. The prevalence of pterygium adjusted for age and sex was 9.3%. The prevalence rates of Han and Yugur participants were 8.8% (267 patients) and 10.7% (124 patients), respectively, and there was no significant difference between them (χ²=3.629, P=0.057). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the risk factors of pterygium included age (OR=3.66, 95%CI: 2.26-5.92), length of residence in the countryside (OR=2.18, 95%CI: 1.41-3.38), and education level (OR=0.49, 95%CI: 0.29-0.83). In the Han group, the risk factors of pterygium were age (OR=3.84, 95%CI: 2.18-6.78) and length of rural residence (OR=2.02, 95%CI: 1.23-3.33), and a higher level of education (OR=0.36, 95%CI: 0.20-0.66) was a protective factor. Older age (OR=3.11, 95%CI: 1.13-8.59) and rural residential length ratio (OR=3.28, 95%CI: 1.09-9.88) were risk factors for pterygium in Yugur population. Conclusions: The overall prevalence of pterygium in Han and Yugur populations aged over 40 in Gansu Province, China was 9.3%, with no significant difference between the two nationalities. Older age and rural residency increased the incidence of pterygium, and a higher education level was a protective factor for pterygium.(Chin J Ophthalmol, 2020, 56:600-607).

[Association between socioeconomic status and overweight/obesity in Yi people, Sichuan province]

Objective: To explore the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and overweight/obesity in Yi people in Sichuan province. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in 2015. Stratified cluster sampling method was used to enroll Yi farmers and rural-to-urban Yi migrants aged 20-80 years. SES was measured by education level, personal annual income, and compound SES index. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to determine the association between SES and overweight/obesity (BMI≥24.0 kg/m(2)). Results: 1 894 Yi farmers and 1 162 rural-to urban migrants were included in the analysis. After adjustment for age, smoking, drinking and physical activity, compared with illiteracy, OR for farmer males with higher education level (primary or junior school, senior high school or higher) were 1.71 (95%CI: 1.13-2.58) and 4.15 (95%CI: 2.10-8.22). Compared with lower income group (<5 000 CNY/y), the higher income group had increased risk (OR=1.66, 95%CI: 1.12-2.44). For farmer males with medium and high SES level, the risk of overweight/obesity were 1.65 (95%CI: 1.02-2.67) and 3.26 (95%CI: 1.97-5.42) compared with low level of SES. For farmer females, the risk increased with the higher income, with OR as 1.49 (95%CI: 1.10-2.02). Compared with low SES level, farmer females with medium level of SES was associated with 1.47 (95%CI: 1.11-1.95) times higher risk of overweight/obesity. In Yi migrants, the association between SES and overweight/obesity was not found. Conclusion: Socioeconomic status was positively associated with overweight/obesity only in Yi farmers.