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Wang XQ, Chen SY, Wang JY, Lin GW. [Achieving the thorough understanding of clinical epidemiology]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2023; 62:1155-1157. [PMID: 37766432 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20221007-00736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- X Q Wang
- Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China Evidence-based Medicine Center,Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Evidence-based Medicine Center,Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J Y Wang
- Evidence-based Medicine Center,Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - G W Lin
- Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China Evidence-based Medicine Center,Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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Xu PH, Shen YJ, Xiao WJ, Lin GW, Qin XJ, Zhu Y, Dai B, Ye DW. [Chemotherapy combined with androgen-deprivation therapy in high-volume metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer: a short-term efficacy and safety analysis]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019; 57:418-421. [PMID: 31142065 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the short-term efficacy and adverse events of chemotherapy combined with androgen-deprivation therapy in high-volume metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer. Methods: From March 2015 to August 2017, 55 patients with high-volume metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer were enrolled at Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center receiving chemotherapy combined with androgen-deprivation therapy. The age was 65(8) years (M(Q(R))) (range: 46 to 79 years). Patients were enrolled in the study for continuous androgen-deprivation therapy (medical or surgical castration), combined with docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) intravenous injection on the first day, repeated every 21 days (6 cycles). Endpoints included overall survival, progression-free survival of prostate cancer, prostate specific antigen (PSA) response rate, and adverse events. Results: The follow-up time was 21.2(11.7) months. The PSA value before chemotherapy was 144.9(415.3) μg/L. The days in patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy before chemotherapy was 14(23) days. Four patients (7.3%) presented 0 in Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scoring system and 51 patients(92.7%) presented 1. Thirty-nine patients (70.9%) completed more than 6 cycles of combined chemotherapy, 17 patients (30.9%) showed PSA<0.2 μg/L at 6 months after treatment, and 14 patients (25.5%) showed PSA<0.2 μg/L at 12 months after treatment. Twenty-eight patients (50.9%) had grade 3 to 4 neutropenia and 1 patient (1.8%) developed infectious neutropenia and died. Nausea and vomit occurred in 16 patients (29.1%). Twelve patients (21.8%) underwent dose adjustment due to adverse events in blood system. Conclusions: The short-term effect was confirmed in high-volume metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer using chemotherapy combined androgen-deprivation therapy, and the long-term effect remains to be seen. Myelosuppression during chemotherapy requires close attention, and taking timely examination is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Xu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Yin HL, Li DB, Jiang Y, Li SH, Chen Y, Lin GW. [High-throughput texture analysis in the distinction of single metastatic brain tumors from high-grade gliomas]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2018; 40:841-846. [PMID: 30481936 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3766.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the feasibility of high-throughput texture analysis in the distinction of single brain metastases (SBM) from high-grade gliomas (HGG) and validate the established model. Methods: A total of 86 patients who were histologically diagnosed with SBM or HGG were retrospectively collected, including 43 patients with SBM and 43 with HGG. All of patients were performed preoperative conventional head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. A total of 236 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLALR) images containing the information of tumors were selected from the MRI images and each image was considered as an object. The training set had 200 images, including 106 from SBM group and 94 from HGG group, whereas the validation set had 36 images, including 19 from SBM group and 17 from HGG. After images preprocessing, images segmentation, features extraction, and features selection, a radiomic diagnostic model was finally established using the training set. The diagnostic performance of the diagnostic model was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Hierarchical clustering analysis was used to evaluate the quality of the extracted feature data and the classification effect of the model. The model was further validated using the independent validation set. Results: A total of 629 features were extracted and quantified from each sample, and 41 features were selected to establish feature subsets and the diagnostic model. The classification decision function of the model is f(x)=sign■ and the kernel function of the model is K(x, x(i))=exp■. In the training set, the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 0.845, 0.849, 0.840, 0.857 and 0.832, respectively. The area under the ROC curve reached to 0.939. Similar results were obtained in the validation set. Conclusion: The high-throughput texture analysis shows high accuracy in differentiating SBM from HGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Yin
- Department of Radiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - D B Li
- School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Image, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - S H Li
- Department of Radiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Radiology, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Image, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - G W Lin
- Department of Radiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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Yang J, Lin GW, Niu YP, Gong SQ. Quantum entangling gates using the strong coupling between two optical emitters and nanowire surface plasmons. Opt Express 2013; 21:15618-15626. [PMID: 23842347 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.015618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We propose a scheme to generate quantum entangling gate using one-dimensional surface plasmon waveguide. The protocol is based on the detection of the transmission spectrum of the single optical plasmons passing through two separate three-level emitters on metallic nanowire waveguide. It is shown that the low efficiency in direct detection of the single photon can be avoided by repeating the measurement of the transmission spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yang
- Department of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology ,Shanghai 200237, China
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Petterson RC, Bennett JT, Lankin DC, Lin GW, Mykytka JP, Troendle TG. Arenediazonium ions. II. Synthesis of several phenanthridines and a quinazoline from ortho-substituted arenediazonium salts and organic nitriles. J Org Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jo00927a012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wang JS, Fang Q, Sun DJ, Chen J, Zhou XL, Lin GW, Lu HZ, Fei J. Genetic modification of hematopoietic progenitor cells for combined resistance to 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide, vincristine, and daunorubicin. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2001; 22:949-55. [PMID: 11749781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether human peripheral blood hematopoietic progenitor cells (PBPC) modified with human aldehyde dehydrogenase class-3 gene (ALDH-3) and multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1) would increase chemotherapy resistance to 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC) and -glycoprotein effluxed drugs. METHODS A bicistronic retroviral vector G1Na-ALDH3-IRES-MDR1 cDNA was constructed and used to transfect the packaging cell lines PA317 by electroporation. CD34+ PBPC were isolated with a high-gradient magnetic cell sorting system (MACS), and then were transfected with supernatant of retrovirus containing human ALDH-3 and MDR1 cDNA. PCR, RT-PCR, Southern blot, Northern blot, FACS, and MTT assay were used to evaluate the transfection and expression of the transgene in target cells. RESULTS The bicistronic retroviral vector construction was verified by PCR and restriction endonuclease analysis. Dual drug resistance genes were integrated into the genomic DNA of CD34+ PBPC and expressed efficiently. The efficiency of gene transfection in CD34+ PBPC was tested to be 18 % on colonies. Nested PCR and Neor rescue assay indicated that no helper virus was present in this system. Compared with the untransduced cells, transgene recipient cells conferred 4.5-fold resistance to 4-HC, 6.6-fold and 7.8-fold resistance to P-glycoprotein effluxed drug, vincristine and daunorubicin, respectively. CONCLUSION Efficient transduction of two different types of drug resistance genes into human peripheral blood hematopoietic progenitor cells and the co-expression may decrease cumulative myelosuppression of combination chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Wang
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004,China.
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Wang JS, Sun DJ, Lin GW, Fei J. [A bicistronic retroviral vector containing MGMT and MDR1 drug resistance genes transfer into human umbilical cord blood CD34+ cells to improve combination chemotherapy tolerance]. Shi Yan Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2001; 34:227-33. [PMID: 12549225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
To explore whether human umbilical cord blood hematopoietic progenitor cells transduced with human O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) and multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) increase resistance to 1,3-Bis(2-Chloroethy1)-1-Nitrosourea (BCNU) and P-glycoprotein effluxed drugs, the present authors obtained a full length cDNA fragment encoding MGMT from liver tissue of a patient with cholelithiasis by RT-PCR. A bicistronic retroviral vector G1Na-MGMT-IRES-MDR1 cDNA was constructed and transfected the packaging cell lines GP + E86 and PA317 by electric performation method, using the medium containing VCR and BCNU for cloning selection and ping-ponging supernatant infection between ecotropic producer clone and amphotropic producer clone, cord blood CD34+ cells were enriched with a high-gradient magnetic cell sorting system (MACS), and then transfected repeatedly with supernatant of retrovirus containing human MGMT and MDR1cDNA under stimulation of hemapoietic growth factors. PCR, RT-PCR, Southern blot, Northern blot, Western blot, FACS and MTT assay were used to evaluate the transfer and expression of the double genes in cord blood CD34+ cells. The cDNA encoding MGMT was verified by DNA sequencing and the bicistronic retroviral vector was confirmed by restriction endonuclease analysis. The purity of cord blood CD34+ cells was approximately 92% and recover rate was 75%, the highest titer of recombinant amphotropic retrovirus in the supernatant was up to 5.8 x 10(5) cfu/ml. The efficiency of gene transduction was 18% and 20% tested by colony formation and PCR, respectively. No helper virus was found by both nested PCR and rescue assay. The results showed that dual drug resistance genes have been integrated into the genomic DNA of cord blood CD34+ cells and expressed efficiently. The MTT analysis showed a 4.5 to 7.8-fold increase of resistance of transducted cells to BCNU and P-glycoprotein effluxed drug as compared with the nontransduced cells. This study provided a foundation for ameliorating combination chemotherapy toxicity in tumor clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Wang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College 550004
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Chen BA, Wang W, Lin GW. [Progression on studies of treatment of tumor with tetrandrine]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 2001; 21:636-8. [PMID: 12575583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
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Lin GW. [Hepatitis associated aplastic anemia]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1994; 33:581-2. [PMID: 7712922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Yu LY, Lin GW, Zhu B. [POEMS syndrome--a report of eight cases and review of literature]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1994; 33:611-4. [PMID: 7712929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
POEMS syndrome is an unusual multisystem disorder associated frequently with polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein change and skin lesion. POEMS is the acronym the above-mentioned clinical manifestations. The patients who were diagnosed must have at least three of the manifestations; polyneuropathy and plasmagenic disorders are almost always present. We present in this paper eight patients, their clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and treatment were analysed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Yu
- Institute of Neuralogy, Shanghai Medical University
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Abstract
The effects of acute ethanol treatment and dietary folate deficiency on maternal-fetal folate transfer were studied to asses the hypothesis that the potentiation of ethanol's toxic effect on the fetus during ongoing folate deficiency was due to the impairment of folate transfer. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a folate-deficient diet (0.2 mg/kg) or a folate-sufficient diet (2 mg/kg) for an average of 11 weeks before pregnancy and continued until gestation day 11 when they were sacrificed. On gestation day 11, pregnant rats were treated with either ethanol (2.5 g/kg body weight) or isocaloric sucrose (control) followed by an intravenous administration of 3H-folate (2 muCi/100 g body weight) at 120 minutes. At 210 minutes, maternal blood and feto-placental tissues were removed for radioactivity measurement. Folate status and ethanol treatment had no effect on the distribution of 3H-folate in maternal circulation. However, contrary to the hypothesis, the uptake of 3H-folate by feto-placental tissues was increased in folate deficiency and by ethanol treatment, indicating that folate transfer was not impaired by the ethanol treatment. Other possibilities are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G W Lin
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854
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Huang YW, Lin GW, Ding XJ. [Evaluation of erythrocyte basic ferritin in the diagnosis of anemia]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1990; 29:604-8, 638. [PMID: 2086000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Erythrocyte basic ferritin (EF) concentration was determined in 64 normal subjects, 123 patients with anemia and 12 patients with leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. There was a significant difference between males and females. Other iron indices, including plasma iron (PI), total iron binding capacity (TIBC), zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) and plasma ferritin (PF) were also determined in all the subjects and bone marrow iron stain was determined in the 135 patients. The lowest EF concentration was seen in patients with iron deficiency anemia, being significantly lower than that in normal subjects. EF concentration in patients with iron deficiency erythropoiesis was also lower than that in normal subjects and at the same time significantly different from that in patients with iron deficiency anemia. EF concentration increased prior to PF concentration in patients with iron deficiency anemia who had been treated for a period of 1-8 weeks. EF concentration in patients with anemia of chronic diseases had a significant difference as compared with that in normal subjects and in patients with iron deficiency anemia, but EF concentration in those patients who were accompanied by iron deficiency was similar to that in patients with simple iron deficiency anemia. EF concentration in some iron overloaded patients (aplastic anemia, megaloblastic anemia, MDS etc.) was significantly higher than that in normal subjects. It was demonstrated that there was a good correlation between EF concentration and bone marrow sideroblastic iron in the rank correlation analysis of the iron indices in 135 patients (rs 0.893, P less than 0.01). PF concentration had the best correlation with marrow iron (rs 0.948, P less than 0.01).
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Huang
- Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical University
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Lin GW, Lin TY, Jin L. Gestational ethanol consumption on tissue amino acid levels: decreased free histidine and tryptophan in fetal tissues with concomitant increase in urinary histamine excretion. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1990; 14:430-7. [PMID: 2378428 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1990.tb00500.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The effects of ethanol consumption during pregnancy on maternal, placental, and fetal tissue amino acid levels and metabolism were investigated. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were given 35% ethanol-calorie liquid diet, ad libitum, from gestation day 7 to 21. Control rats were pair-fed with isocaloric sucrose substituted for ethanol. Ethanol consumption decreased fetal body weight and increased placental weight. Twenty-four amino acids were determined in six tissues (maternal plasma and liver, placenta, fetal plasma, liver, and brain) by HPLC with orthophthalaldehyde derivatization. The effects of ethanol on free amino acid levels differed from tissue to tissue. In general, ethanol affected more amino acids in maternal plasma, fetal plasma, and liver. Maternal liver, placenta, and fetal brain amino acids were more resistant to ethanol effect. Two essential amino acids, histidine and tryptophan, were consistently decreased in fetal tissues by maternal ethanol consumption. The values (ethanol vs. control, nmole/ml or g, mean +/- SEM, N = 20) of fetal plasma, liver, and brain for histidine were 51.8 +/- 6.0 vs. 85.3 +/- 4.5 (p = 0.001), 269.0 +/- 26.4 vs. 503.7 +/- 47.3 (p = 0.0004), and 117.9 +/- 7.7 vs. 154.6 +/- 8.7 (p = 0.0055), respectively; and for tryptophan were 105.7 +/- 3.1 vs. 132.2 +/- 4.1 (p = 0.0001), 128.8 +/- 3.7 vs. 144.3 +/- 6.0 (p = 0.0407), and 83.4 +/- 7.2 vs. 103.6 +/- 3.2 (p = 0.0198), respectively. Histidine was also decreased in placenta by ethanol (138.1 +/- 6.6 vs. 189.1 +/- 11.8 nmole/g, p = 0.0014).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- G W Lin
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08855-0969
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Mosig G, Lin GW, Franklin J, Fan WH. Functional relationships and structural determinants of two bacteriophage T4 lysozymes: a soluble (gene e) and a baseplate-associated (gene 5) protein. New Biol 1989; 1:171-9. [PMID: 2488704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lysozymes have proved useful for analyzing the relation between protein structure and function and evolution. In bacteriophage T4, the major soluble lysozyme is the product of the e gene, gpe (gene product = gp). This lysozyme destroys the wall of its host, Escherichia coli, at the end of infection to release progeny particles. Phage T4 contains two additional lysozymes that facilitate penetration of the baseplates into host cell walls during adsorption. At least one of these, a 44-kD protein, is encoded by gene 5. We show here that a segment of the gp5 lysozyme amino acid sequence, deduced from the DNA sequence of gene 5, is remarkably similar to that of the T4 gene e lysozyme. Both T4 lysozymes are somewhat similar to the lysozyme of the Salmonella phage P22, but there is little significant DNA sequence homology among the two T4 lysozyme genes and the P22 lysozyme gene. We speculate that these lysozymes are adapted to differences in the composition of the cell walls of E. coli and S. typhimurium. The cloned gene 5 of the phage T4 directs synthesis of a 63-kD precursor protein that is approximately 19 kD larger than the gene 5 protein isolated from baseplates. Gp5 first associates with gp26 to form the central hub of this structure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mosig
- Department of Molecular Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
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Lin GW. Liquid diet preparation for study of chronic alcohol ingestion in the rat. Lab Anim Sci 1989; 39:618-20. [PMID: 2593644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G W Lin
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08855-0969
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Abstract
The effects of chronic ethanol consumption and dietary vitamin B6 levels on tissue pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP) contents and rat fetal development were investigated. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were given 35% ethanol-calorie liquid diet with either adequate B6 (1.7 mg/liter) or deficient B6 (0.17 mg/liter), ad libitum, from gestation days 7 to 21. Control groups (adequate control and deficient control) were pair-fed with isocaloric sucrose substituted for ethanol. Rats were killed on gestation day 21. Ethanol groups had smaller fetuses than control groups, regardless of their dietary B6 levels. However, in B6 deficiency, ethanol affected fetal weight more severely than in B6 adequate state. Tissue PLP levels were determined by radioenzymatic method. In B6 deficiency, ethanol feeding reduced maternal liver PLP by 22%. PLP in other tissues were not affected by ethanol. These results confirmed that chronic alcohol consumption affected fetal growth and also provided evidence that B6 deficiency exacerbated ethanol effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- G W Lin
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08855-0969
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Lin GW, Chen LQ, Chen WH. [Non-hemolytic transfusion reactions and evaluation of the effect of drug prevention]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1988; 27:79-81, 134. [PMID: 3180937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Lin GW. [The relationship between drug exposure and acquired aplastic anemia]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 1986; 25:3-6, 62. [PMID: 3731952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Abstract
The influence of ethanol feeding during pregnancy on histamine excretion was studied. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (N = 5) were fed a liquid diet containing 30% ethanol-derived calories from gestation-day 7 to 21; control rats (N = 5) were pair-fed with isocaloric sucrose substituted for ethanol. Twenty-four hour urines were collected for histamine analysis. Rats were killed on day 21 of gestation. Food and ethanol intakes averaged 260 kcal and 11 g/kg/day, respectively. No differences were found between ethanol and control rats in maternal weight gain, litter size or in fetal and placental weights. Although urinary histamine increased in all rats with the advance of pregnancy, on day 16, ethanol rats excreted significantly more (47%) than the controls (199.1 +/- 33.9 vs 135.5 +/- 51.4 ug/24 hr); on day 20, it was 123% more (534.6 +/- 114.4 vs 239.5 +/- 99.3 ug/24 hr). Ethanol enhanced urinary histamine did not reflect the histamine content or histidine decarboxylase activity of fetal liver, presumed site of histamine formation; its physiological significance is discussed.
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Lin GW, Lester D. Significance of the gastrointestinal tract in the in vivo metabolism of ethanol in the rat. Adv Exp Med Biol 1980; 132:281-6. [PMID: 7424713 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-1419-7_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The rate of ethanol metabolism and the extrapolated zero time blood ethanol concentration (C0) were compared in naive and ethanol-fed rats following intracardiac or ingastric administration of a test dose of ethanol (3 g/kg). If the gastrointestinal tract is involved in the disposition of ethanol, intragastric administration should result in a lower C0 and a faster overall rate of metabolism than intracardiac administration, since part of the dose would be metabolized in the gastrointestinal tract without having been absorbed and thereby entering the blood. However, no significant differences were observed in C0. The rate of metabolism was substantially higher in the ethanol-fed rats, but was uninfluenced by route of administration. Thus, the gastrointestinal tract plays no significant role in the metabolism of ethanol.
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Lester D, Lin GW. Distribution of ethanol between blood and dorsal subcutaneous air of the rat and the feasibility of using this distribution coefficient to estimate blood ethanol. Adv Exp Med Biol 1980; 132:275-80. [PMID: 7424712 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4757-1419-7_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Equilibration of ethanol between dorsal subcutaneous air and blood is rapid, a steady state being already present in 60 seconds after air injection in the rat. The mean in vivo partition coefficient (blood/air) is 2,875, the linear regression coefficient having a standard error of 112, the high F value of this regression indicating the linearity and reliability of the estimates of calculated blood ethanol; the variance arises mainly from temperature variance of the air bleb. Although the concentration of alcohol in the blood must remain the standard of comparison, the production of the air bleb and its subsequent serial sampling is a virtually noninvasive technique which yields an almost immediate result at a sensitivity and specificity greater than that from the usual enzymatic determination of ethanol in blood.
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Liau MC, Lin GW, Knight CA, Hurlbert RB. Inhibition of RNA methylation by intercalating agents. Cancer Res 1977; 37:4202-10. [PMID: 198132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Liau MC, Lin GW, Hurlbert RB. Partial purification and characterization of tumor and liver S-adenosylmethionine synthetases. Cancer Res 1977; 37:427-35. [PMID: 188546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The S-adenosylmethionine synthetase activities of rat liver and Novikoff ascites tumor have been partially purified and characterized by chromatographic behavior, kinetic analysis, sulfhydryl dependency, and response to inhibitors. We have shown that the tumor contains a single form of the enzyme, with a Km (methionine) of 21 muM, and that the liver contains two isofunctional forms, a minor form with a Km (methionine) of 21 muM, as well as a major form with a Km of 1 mM. The tumor contained more of the low Km form of the enzyme than the liver, although the total enzyme activity of liver (measured at high substrate concentrations) exceeded that of the tumor severalfold. The tumor enzyme also corresponded to the minor form of liver enzyme in elution position from Sephadex G-150 and diethylamino-ethyl cellulose, and both had a Km (adenosine 5'-triphosphate) of 0.14 mM. The tumor enzyme differed from the major form of the liver enzymes in elution position, and the Km (adenosine 5'-triphosphate) for the latter was 1.5 mM. In contrast to the major liver enzyme, the tumor enzyme did not appear to require sulfhydryl agents for the activity to be detected, was inhibited by S-adenosylmethionine, and was inhibited to a greater degree by tripolyphosphate. It is suggested that the two forms of the enzyme are involved in the production of S-adenosylmethionine for different biological functions, and their different properties may allow selective inhibition of tumor growth by chemotherapeutic agents.
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