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Riba M, Sala C, Culhane AC, Flobak Å, Patocs A, Boye K, Plevova K, Pospíšilová Š, Gandolfi G, Morelli MJ, Bucci G, Edsjö A, Lassen U, Al-Shahrour F, Lopez-Bigas N, Hovland R, Cuppen E, Valencia A, Poirel HA, Rosenquist R, Scollen S, Arenas Marquez J, Belien J, De Nicolo A, De Maria R, Torrents D, Tonon G. The 1+Million Genomes Minimal Dataset for Cancer. Nat Genet 2024:10.1038/s41588-024-01721-x. [PMID: 38702538 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01721-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Riba
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Sala
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Aedin C Culhane
- Limerick Digital Cancer Research Centre, Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Åsmund Flobak
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- The Cancer Clinic, St. Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Attila Patocs
- Department of Molecular Genetics and the National Tumour Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Oncology Biobank, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- Hereditary Tumours Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kjetil Boye
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karla Plevova
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Šárka Pospíšilová
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomics, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Giorgia Gandolfi
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco J Morelli
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bucci
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Anders Edsjö
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Office for Medical Services, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
- Division of Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulrik Lassen
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fátima Al-Shahrour
- Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Lopez-Bigas
- Institución Catalana de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Randi Hovland
- Section of Cancer Genomics Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Edwin Cuppen
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Oncode Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Hartwig Medical Foundation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alfonso Valencia
- Institución Catalana de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Richard Rosenquist
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Serena Scollen
- ELIXIR Hub, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Jeroen Belien
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arcangela De Nicolo
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario 'A. Gemelli' - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - David Torrents
- Institución Catalana de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giovanni Tonon
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
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Vozza G, Bonetti E, Tini G, Favalli V, Frigè G, Bucci G, De Summa S, Zanfardino M, Zapelloni F, Mazzarella L. Benchmarking and improving the performance of variant-calling pipelines with RecallME. Bioinformatics 2023; 39:btad722. [PMID: 38092052 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btad722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
MOTIVATION The steady increment of Whole Genome/Exome sequencing and the development of novel Next Generation Sequencing-based gene panels requires continuous testing and validation of variant calling (VC) pipelines and the detection of sequencing-related issues to be maintained up-to-date and feasible for the clinical settings. State of the art tools are reliable when used to compute standard performance metrics. However, the need for an automated software to discriminate between bioinformatic and sequencing issues and to optimize VC parameters remains unmet. RESULTS The aim of the current work is to present RecallME, a bioinformatic suite that tracks down difficult-to-detect variants as insertions and deletions in highly repetitive regions, thus providing the maximum reachable recall for both single nucleotide variants and small insertion and deletions and to precisely guide the user in the pipeline optimization process. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Source code is freely available under MIT license at https://github.com/mazzalab-ieo/recallme. RecallME web application is available at https://translational-oncology-lab.shinyapps.io/recallme/. To use RecallME, users must obtain a license for ANNOVAR by themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Vozza
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hematology-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuele Bonetti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hematology-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Tini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gianmaria Frigè
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bucci
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Simona De Summa
- Molecular Diagnostics and Pharmacogenetics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori, "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Mazzarella
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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3
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Arbore G, Albarello L, Bucci G, Punta M, Cossu A, Fanti L, Maurizio A, Di Mauro F, Bilello V, Arrigoni G, Bonfiglio S, Biancolini D, Puccetti F, Elmore U, Vago L, Cascinu S, Tonon G, Rosati R, Casorati G, Dellabona P. Preexisting Immunity Drives the Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 2023; 83:2873-2888. [PMID: 37350667 PMCID: PMC10472105 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Current treatment for patients with locally advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT), alone or combined with radiotherapy, before surgery. However, fewer than 30% of treated patients show a pathologic complete response to nCT, which correlates with increased 5-year survival compared with nonresponders. Understanding the mechanisms of response to nCT is pivotal to better stratify patients and inform more efficacious therapies. Here, we investigated the immune mechanisms involved in nCT response by multidimensional profiling of pretreatment tumor biopsies and blood from 68 patients with EAC (34 prospectively and 34 retrospectively collected), comparing complete responders versus nonresponders to nCT. At the tumor level, complete response to nCT was associated with molecular signatures of immune response and proliferation, increased putative antitumor tissue-resident memory CD39+ CD103+ CD8+ T cells, and reduced immunosuppressive T regulatory cells (Treg) and M2-like macrophages. Systemically, complete responders showed higher frequencies of immunostimulatory CD14+ CD11c+ HLA-DRhigh cells, and reduced programmed cell death ligand 1-positive (PD-L1+) monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells, along with high plasma GM-CSF (proinflammatory) and low IL4, CXCL10, C3a, and C5a (suppressive). Plasma proinflammatory and suppressive cytokines correlated directly and inversely, respectively, with the frequency of tumor-infiltrating CD39+ CD103+ CD8+ T cells. These results suggest that preexisting immunity in baseline tumor drives the clinical activity of nCT in locally advanced EAC. Furthermore, it may be possible to stratify patients based on predictive immune signatures, enabling tailored neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant regimens. SIGNIFICANCE Multidimensional profiling of pretreatment esophageal adenocarcinoma shows patient response to nCT is correlated with active preexisting immunity and indicates molecular pathways of resistance that may be targeted to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Arbore
- Experimental Immunology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Albarello
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bucci
- Center for OMICS Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Punta
- Center for OMICS Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Cossu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorella Fanti
- Division of Gastroenterology & Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Aurora Maurizio
- Center for OMICS Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Mauro
- Experimental Immunology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Vito Bilello
- Experimental Immunology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Arrigoni
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Bonfiglio
- Center for OMICS Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Donatella Biancolini
- Center for OMICS Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Puccetti
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ugo Elmore
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Vago
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Cascinu
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tonon
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Center for OMICS Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Rosati
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Casorati
- Experimental Immunology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Dellabona
- Experimental Immunology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Briata P, Mastracci L, Zapparoli E, Caputo L, Ferracci E, Silvestri A, Garuti A, Hamadou MH, Inga A, Marcaccini E, Grillo F, Bucci G, Puri P, Beznoussenko G, Mironov A, Chiacchiera F, Gherzi R. LncRNA EPR regulates intestinal mucus production and protects against inflammation and tumorigenesis. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:5193-5209. [PMID: 37070602 PMCID: PMC10250242 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The long non-coding RNA EPR is expressed in epithelial tissues, binds to chromatin and controls distinct biological activities in mouse mammary gland cells. Because of its high expression in the intestine, in this study we have generated a colon-specific conditional targeted deletion (EPR cKO) to evaluate EPR in vivo functions in mice. EPR cKO mice display epithelium hyperproliferation, impaired mucus production and secretion, as well as inflammatory infiltration in the proximal portion of the large intestine. RNA sequencing analysis reveals a rearrangement of the colon crypt transcriptome with strong reduction of goblet cell-specific factors including those involved in the synthesis, assembly, transport and control of mucus proteins. Further, colon mucosa integrity and permeability are impaired in EPR cKO mice, and this results in higher susceptibility to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis and tumor formation. Human EPR is down-regulated in human cancer cell lines as well as in human cancers, and overexpression of EPR in a colon cancer cell line results in enhanced expression of pro-apoptotic genes. Mechanistically, we show that EPR directly interacts with select genes involved in mucus metabolism whose expression is reduced in EPR cKO mice and that EPR deletion causes tridimensional chromatin organization changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Briata
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Mastracci
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Ettore Zapparoli
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Caputo
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Elisa Ferracci
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer Genomics, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | | | - Anna Garuti
- Translational Genomics, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Meriem Hadjer Hamadou
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Alberto Inga
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Elisa Marcaccini
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Grillo
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bucci
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Pier Lorenzo Puri
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Galina Beznoussenko
- The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy
| | - Alexander Mironov
- The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milano, Italy
| | - Fulvio Chiacchiera
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer Genomics, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Roberto Gherzi
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
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5
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Briata P, Caputo L, Zapparoli E, Marcaccini E, Passalacqua M, Brondolo L, Bordo D, Rossi A, Nicoletti C, Bucci G, Puri PL, Inga A, Gherzi R. LncRNA EPR-induced METTL7A1 modulates target gene translation. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:7608-7622. [PMID: 35748870 PMCID: PMC9303270 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
EPR is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that controls cell proliferation in mammary gland cells by regulating gene transcription. Here, we report on Mettl7a1 as a direct target of EPR. We show that EPR induces Mettl7a1 transcription by rewiring three-dimensional chromatin interactions at the Mettl7a1 locus. Our data indicate that METTL7A1 contributes to EPR-dependent inhibition of TGF-β signaling. METTL7A1 is absent in tumorigenic murine mammary gland cells and its human ortholog (METTL7A) is downregulated in breast cancers. Importantly, re-expression of METTL7A1 in 4T1 tumorigenic cells attenuates their transformation potential, with the putative methyltransferase activity of METTL7A1 being dispensable for its biological functions. We found that METTL7A1 localizes in the cytoplasm whereby it interacts with factors implicated in the early steps of mRNA translation, associates with ribosomes, and affects the levels of target proteins without altering mRNA abundance. Overall, our data indicates that METTL7A1-a transcriptional target of EPR-modulates translation of select transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Briata
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Paola Briata. Tel: +39 010555540;
| | | | - Ettore Zapparoli
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS Ospedale, San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Marcaccini
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Mario Passalacqua
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy,Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (3R Center), 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Brondolo
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Domenico Bordo
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Annalisa Rossi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Chiara Nicoletti
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gabriele Bucci
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS Ospedale, San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Pier Lorenzo Puri
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Roberto Gherzi
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +39 010555402; Emails: ;
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Gregorc V, Mazzarella L, Lazzari C, Graziano P, Vigneri P, Genova C, Toschi L, Ciliberto G, Bonanno L, Delmonte A, Bucci G, Rossi A, Motta G, Coco S, Marinello A, Buglioni S, Cangi MG, Di Micco C, Bandiera A, Bonfiglio S, Pecciarini L, Guida A, Ceol A, Frige' G, De Maria R, Pelicci PG. Prospective Validation of the Italian Alliance Against Cancer Lung Panel in Patients With Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Lung Cancer 2021; 22:e637-e641. [PMID: 33642178 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The deeper knowledge of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) biology and the discovery of driver molecular alterations have opened the era of precision medicine in lung oncology, thus significantly revolutionizing the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to NSCLC. In Italy, however, molecular assessment remains heterogeneous across the country, and numbers of patients accessing personalized treatments remain relatively low. Nationwide programs have demonstrated that the creation of consortia represent a successful strategy to increase the number of patients with a molecular classification. PATIENTS AND METHODS The Alliance Against Cancer (ACC), a network of 25 Italian Research Institutes, has developed a targeted sequencing panel for the detection of genomic alterations in 182 genes in patients with a diagnosis of NSCLC (ACC lung panel). One thousand metastatic NSCLC patients will be enrolled onto a prospective trial designed to measure the sensitivity and specificity of the ACC lung panel as a tool for molecular screening compared to standard methods. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The ongoing trial is part of a nationwide strategy of ACC to develop infrastructures and improve competences to make the Italian research institutes independent for genomic profiling of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Gregorc
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano.
| | | | - Chiara Lazzari
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano
| | - Paolo Graziano
- Unit of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (Foggia)
| | - Paolo Vigneri
- A.O.U. Policlinico "G. Rodolico - S. Marco", Catania
| | - Carlo Genova
- UOC Clinica di Oncologia Medica; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova; Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche (DiMI); Università degli Studi di Genova
| | - Luca Toschi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Humanitas Cancer Center, Rozzano, Milano
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Direzione Scientifica, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena, Roma
| | - Laura Bonanno
- Oncologia Medica 2, IstitutoOncologico Veneto IOV IRCCS, Padova
| | - Angelo Delmonte
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola
| | - Gabriele Bucci
- Center for Omics Sciences (COSR), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano
| | - Antonio Rossi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (Foggia)
| | | | - Simona Coco
- UOS Tumori Polmonari; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova
| | - Arianna Marinello
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Humanitas Cancer Center, Rozzano, Milano
| | | | - Maria Giulia Cangi
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano
| | - Concetta Di Micco
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo (Foggia)
| | - Alessandro Bandiera
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano
| | - Silvia Bonfiglio
- Center for Omics Sciences (COSR), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano
| | - Lorenza Pecciarini
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano
| | | | - Arnaud Ceol
- IRCCS European Institute of Oncology, Milano
| | - Gianmaria Frige'
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milano
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, RomeFondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma; Universitá Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma
| | - Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
- IRCCS European Institute of Oncology, Milano; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università Degli Studi di Milano
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7
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Lazzari C, Bulotta A, Cangi MG, Bucci G, Pecciarini L, Bonfiglio S, Lorusso V, Ippati S, Arrigoni G, Grassini G, Doglioni C, Gregorc V. Next Generation Sequencing in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Pitfalls and Opportunities. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E1092. [PMID: 33333743 PMCID: PMC7765222 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10121092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the first cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Thanks to the improvement in the knowledge of the biology of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), patients' survival has significantly improved. A growing number of targetable molecular alterations have been identified. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has become one of the methodologies entered in clinical practice and was recently recommended by the European society for medical oncology (ESMO) to perform a comprehensive molecular characterization in patients with cancer. The current review provides an overview of the clinical trials that have explored the impact of NGS in patients with cancer, its limits, and advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Lazzari
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (V.L.); (S.I.); (V.G.)
| | - Alessandra Bulotta
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (V.L.); (S.I.); (V.G.)
| | - Maria Giulia Cangi
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (M.G.C.); (L.P.); (G.A.); (G.G.); (C.D.)
| | - Gabriele Bucci
- Center for Omics Science, IRCCS San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (G.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Lorenza Pecciarini
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (M.G.C.); (L.P.); (G.A.); (G.G.); (C.D.)
| | - Silvia Bonfiglio
- Center for Omics Science, IRCCS San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (G.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Vincenza Lorusso
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (V.L.); (S.I.); (V.G.)
| | - Stefania Ippati
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (V.L.); (S.I.); (V.G.)
| | - Gianluigi Arrigoni
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (M.G.C.); (L.P.); (G.A.); (G.G.); (C.D.)
| | - Greta Grassini
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (M.G.C.); (L.P.); (G.A.); (G.G.); (C.D.)
| | - Claudio Doglioni
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (M.G.C.); (L.P.); (G.A.); (G.G.); (C.D.)
| | - Vanesa Gregorc
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.B.); (V.L.); (S.I.); (V.G.)
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8
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Zapparoli E, Briata P, Rossi M, Brondolo L, Bucci G, Gherzi R. Comprehensive multi-omics analysis uncovers a group of TGF-β-regulated genes among lncRNA EPR direct transcriptional targets. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:9053-9066. [PMID: 32756918 PMCID: PMC7498312 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can affect multiple layers of gene expression to control crucial cellular functions. We have previously demonstrated that the lncRNA EPR, by controlling gene expression at different levels, affects cell proliferation and migration in cultured mammary gland cells and impairs breast tumor formation in an orthotopic transplant model in mice. Here, we used ChIRP-Seq to identify EPR binding sites on chromatin of NMuMG mammary gland cells overexpressing EPR and identified its trans binding sites in the genome. Then, with the purpose of relating EPR/chromatin interactions to the reshaping of the epitranscriptome landscape, we profiled histone activation marks at promoter/enhancer regions by ChIP-Seq. Finally, we integrated data derived from ChIRP-Seq, ChIP-Seq as well as RNA-Seq in a comprehensive analysis and we selected a group of bona fide direct transcriptional targets of EPR. Among them, we identified a subset of EPR targets whose expression is controlled by TGF-β with one of them—Arrdc3—being able to modulate Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition. This experimental framework allowed us to correlate lncRNA/chromatin interactions with the real outcome of gene expression and to start defining the gene network regulated by EPR as a component of the TGF-β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Zapparoli
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Briata
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Martina Rossi
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Brondolo
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bucci
- Center for Omics Sciences, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Gherzi
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
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9
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Tocci P, Cianfrocca R, Di Castro V, Rosanò L, Sacconi A, Donzelli S, Bonfiglio S, Bucci G, Vizza E, Ferrandina G, Scambia G, Tonon G, Blandino G, Bagnato A. β-arrestin1/YAP/mutant p53 complexes orchestrate the endothelin A receptor signaling in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3196. [PMID: 31324767 PMCID: PMC6642155 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11045-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The limited clinical response observed in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HG-SOC) with high frequency of TP53 mutations (mutp53) might be related to mutp53-driven oncogenic pathway network. Here we show that β-arrestin1 (β-arr1), interacts with YAP, triggering its cytoplasmic-nuclear shuttling. This interaction allows β-arr1 to recruit mutp53 to the YAP-TEAD transcriptional complex upon activation of endothelin-1 receptors (ET-1R) in patient-derived HG-SOC cells and in cell lines bearing mutp53. In parallel, β-arr1 mediates the ET-1R-induced Trio/RhoA-dependent YAP nuclear accumulation. In the nucleus, ET-1 through β-arr1 orchestrates the tethering of YAP and mutp53 to YAP/mutp53 target gene promoters, including EDN1 that ensures persistent signals. Treatment of patient-derived xenografts reveals synergistic antitumoral and antimetastatic effects of the dual ET-1R antagonist macitentan in combination with cisplatinum, shutting-down the β-arr1-mediated YAP/mutp53 transcriptional programme. Furthermore, ETAR/β-arr1/YAP gene signature correlates with a worst prognosis in HG-SOC. These findings support effective combinatorial treatment for repurposing the ET-1R antagonists in HG-SOC.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/drug therapy
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/genetics
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelin-1/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors/metabolism
- Humans
- Mice, Nude
- Mutation
- Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- Receptor, Endothelin A/drug effects
- Receptor, Endothelin A/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- YAP-Signaling Proteins
- beta-Arrestin 1/drug effects
- beta-Arrestin 1/metabolism
- rho GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Piera Tocci
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Cianfrocca
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeriana Di Castro
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Rosanò
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Donzelli
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Bonfiglio
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bucci
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Vizza
- Gynecologic Oncology, IRCCS, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Ferrandina
- Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Catholic University of Rome, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tonon
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Functional Genomics of Cancer Unit, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, IRCCS, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Bagnato
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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10
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Rossi M, Bucci G, Rizzotto D, Bordo D, Marzi MJ, Puppo M, Flinois A, Spadaro D, Citi S, Emionite L, Cilli M, Nicassio F, Inga A, Briata P, Gherzi R. LncRNA EPR controls epithelial proliferation by coordinating Cdkn1a transcription and mRNA decay response to TGF-β. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1969. [PMID: 31036808 PMCID: PMC6488594 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09754-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as regulators of fundamental biological processes. Here we report on the characterization of an intergenic lncRNA expressed in epithelial tissues which we termed EPR (Epithelial cell Program Regulator). EPR is rapidly downregulated by TGF-β and its sustained expression largely reshapes the transcriptome, favors the acquisition of epithelial traits, and reduces cell proliferation in cultured mammary gland cells as well as in an animal model of orthotopic transplantation. EPR generates a small peptide that localizes at epithelial cell junctions but the RNA molecule per se accounts for the vast majority of EPR-induced gene expression changes. Mechanistically, EPR interacts with chromatin and regulates Cdkn1a gene expression by affecting both its transcription and mRNA decay through its association with SMAD3 and the mRNA decay-promoting factor KHSRP, respectively. We propose that EPR enables epithelial cells to control proliferation by modulating waves of gene expression in response to TGF-β. Several lncRNAs are regulated by TGF-β. Here the authors report that an intergenic lncRNA —EPR— is a component of the TGF-β signaling pathway and controls epithelial cell proliferation by altering transcription and mRNA decay of Cdkn1a. EPR overexpression restrains tumor growth of orthotopically transplanted mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Rossi
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genova, Italy.,DIMES Sezione Biochimica-Università di Genova, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bucci
- Center of Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132, Milano, Italy
| | - Dario Rizzotto
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Networks, Center for Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Domenico Bordo
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Matteo J Marzi
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 20139, Milano, Italy
| | - Margherita Puppo
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genova, Italy.,DIMES Sezione Biochimica-Università di Genova, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Arielle Flinois
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Geneve, 1211, Geneve, Switzerland
| | - Domenica Spadaro
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Geneve, 1211, Geneve, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Citi
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Geneve, 1211, Geneve, Switzerland
| | - Laura Emionite
- Animal Facility, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Michele Cilli
- Animal Facility, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Nicassio
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 20139, Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Inga
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Networks, Center for Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123, Trento, Italy.
| | - Paola Briata
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genova, Italy.
| | - Roberto Gherzi
- Gene Expression Regulation Laboratory, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132, Genova, Italy.
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11
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Toffalori C, Zito L, Gambacorta V, Riba M, Oliveira G, Bucci G, Barcella M, Spinelli O, Greco R, Crucitti L, Cieri N, Noviello M, Manfredi F, Montaldo E, Ostuni R, Naldini MM, Gentner B, Waterhouse M, Zeiser R, Finke J, Hanoun M, Beelen DW, Gojo I, Luznik L, Onozawa M, Teshima T, Devillier R, Blaise D, Halkes CJM, Griffioen M, Carrabba MG, Bernardi M, Peccatori J, Barlassina C, Stupka E, Lazarevic D, Tonon G, Rambaldi A, Cittaro D, Bonini C, Fleischhauer K, Ciceri F, Vago L. Immune signature drives leukemia escape and relapse after hematopoietic cell transplantation. Nat Med 2019; 25:603-611. [PMID: 30911134 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0400-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation of hematopoietic cells from a healthy individual (allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT)) demonstrates that adoptive immunotherapy can cure blood cancers: still, post-transplantation relapses remain frequent. To explain their drivers, we analyzed the genomic and gene expression profiles of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts purified from patients at serial time-points during their disease history. We identified a transcriptional signature specific for post-transplantation relapses and highly enriched in immune-related processes, including T cell costimulation and antigen presentation. In two independent patient cohorts we confirmed the deregulation of multiple costimulatory ligands on AML blasts at post-transplantation relapse (PD-L1, B7-H3, CD80, PVRL2), mirrored by concomitant changes in circulating donor T cells. Likewise, we documented the frequent loss of surface expression of HLA-DR, -DQ and -DP on leukemia cells, due to downregulation of the HLA class II regulator CIITA. We show that loss of HLA class II expression and upregulation of inhibitory checkpoint molecules represent alternative modalities to abolish AML recognition from donor-derived T cells, and can be counteracted by interferon-γ or checkpoint blockade, respectively. Our results demonstrate that the deregulation of pathways involved in T cell-mediated allorecognition is a distinctive feature and driver of AML relapses after allo-HCT, which can be rapidly translated into personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Toffalori
- Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Zito
- Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Valentina Gambacorta
- Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,Unit of Senescence in Stem Cell Aging, Differentiation and Cancer, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Michela Riba
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Giacomo Oliveira
- Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gabriele Bucci
- Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Barcella
- Genomic and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Orietta Spinelli
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Raffaella Greco
- Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Lara Crucitti
- Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Cieri
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maddalena Noviello
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Manfredi
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Montaldo
- Genomics of the Innate Immune System Unit, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Renato Ostuni
- Genomics of the Innate Immune System Unit, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo M Naldini
- Translational Stem Cell and Leukemia Unit, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Bernhard Gentner
- Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,Translational Stem Cell and Leukemia Unit, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Miguel Waterhouse
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jurgen Finke
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maher Hanoun
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dietrich W Beelen
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ivana Gojo
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Leo Luznik
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Masahiro Onozawa
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takanori Teshima
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Raynier Devillier
- Department of Haematology, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Blaise
- Department of Haematology, Institut Paoli Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | | | - Marieke Griffioen
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Matteo G Carrabba
- Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Massimo Bernardi
- Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Jacopo Peccatori
- Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Barlassina
- Genomic and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Elia Stupka
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dejan Lazarevic
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tonon
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rambaldi
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Davide Cittaro
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Bonini
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,San Raffaele Vita-Salute University, Milano, Italy
| | - Katharina Fleischhauer
- Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,Institute for Experimental Cellular Therapy, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.,San Raffaele Vita-Salute University, Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Vago
- Unit of Immunogenetics, Leukemia Genomics and Immunobiology, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Disease, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy. .,Unit of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.
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12
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Bucci G, Lucar-López G, Sanchez-Gonzalez J, Malagelada F, Palencia Lopez J, Guevara-Noriega KA. Axillary artery injury and brachial plexus palsy as a complication of proximal humerus fractures. J Orthop 2017; 14:340-341. [PMID: 28706376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G Bucci
- Hospital de Mataro, Carretera de Cirera, 230, Traumatology Department. 08304 Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Lucar-López
- Hospital de Mataro, Carretera de Cirera, 230, Traumatology Department. 08304 Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Sanchez-Gonzalez
- Hospital de Mataro, Carretera de Cirera, 230, Traumatology Department. 08304 Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Malagelada
- Hospital de Mataro, Carretera de Cirera, 230, Traumatology Department. 08304 Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Palencia Lopez
- Hospital de Mataro, Carretera de Cirera, 230, Traumatology Department. 08304 Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
| | - K A Guevara-Noriega
- Hospital de Mataro, Carretera de Cirera, 230, Traumatology Department. 08304 Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Fiorino A, Manenti G, Gamba B, Bucci G, De Cecco L, Sardella M, Buscemi G, Ciceri S, Radice MT, Radice P, Perotti D. Retina-derived POU domain factor 1 coordinates expression of genes relevant to renal and neuronal development. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 78:162-172. [PMID: 27425396 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Retina-derived POU domain Factor 1 (RPF-1), a member of POU transcription factor family, is encoded by POU6F2 gene, addressed by interstitial deletions at chromosome 7p14 in Wilms tumor (WT). Its expression has been detected in developing kidney and nervous system, suggesting an early role for this gene in regulating development of these organs. To investigate into its functions and determine its role in transcriptional regulation, we generated an inducible stable transfectant from HEK293 cells. RPF-1 showed nuclear localization, elevated stability, and transactivation of promoters featuring POU consensus sites, and led to reduced cell proliferation and in vivo tumor growth. By addressing the whole transcriptome regulated by its induction, we could detect a gross alteration of gene expression that is consistent with promoter occupancy predicted by genome-wide Chip-chip analysis. Comparison of bound regulatory regions with differentially expressed genes allowed identification of 217 candidate targets. Enrichment of divergent octamers in predicted regulatory regions revealed promiscuous binding to bipartite POUS and POUH consensus half-sites with intervening spacers. Gel-shift competition assay confirmed the specificity of RPF-1 binding to consensus motifs, and demonstrated that the Ser-rich region upstream of the POU domain is indispensable to achieve DNA-binding. Promoter-reporter activity addressing a few target genes indicated a dependence by RPF-1 on transcriptional response. In agreement with its expression in developing kidney and nervous system, the induced transcriptome appears to indicate a function for this protein in early renal differentiation and neuronal cell fate, providing a resource for understanding its role in the processes thereby regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Fiorino
- Department of Predictive & Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Manenti
- Department of Predictive & Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Italy
| | - Beatrice Gamba
- Department of Predictive & Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bucci
- Cogentech, Consortium for Genomic Technologies, IFOM-IEO Campus, Italy
| | - Loris De Cecco
- Functional Genomic Core Facility, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Italy
| | - Michele Sardella
- Department of Predictive & Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Italy
| | | | - Sara Ciceri
- Department of Predictive & Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Italy
| | - Maria T Radice
- Experimental Oncology & Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Italy
| | - Paolo Radice
- Department of Predictive & Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Italy
| | - Daniela Perotti
- Department of Predictive & Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Italy
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14
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Chiaradonna F, Barozzi I, Miccolo C, Bucci G, Palorini R, Fornasari L, Botrugno OA, Pruneri G, Masullo M, Passafaro A, Galimberti VE, Fantin VR, Richon VM, Pece S, Viale G, Di Fiore PP, Draetta G, Pelicci PG, Minucci S, Chiocca S. Redox-Mediated Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid Sensitivity in Breast Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 23:15-29. [PMID: 25897982 PMCID: PMC4492673 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.6189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid; SAHA) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) approved in the clinics for the treatment of T-cell lymphoma and with the potential to be effective also in breast cancer. We investigated the responsiveness to SAHA in human breast primary tumors and cancer cell lines. RESULTS We observed a differential response to drug treatment in both human breast primary tumors and cancer cell lines. Gene expression analysis of the breast cancer cell lines revealed that genes involved in cell adhesion and redox pathways, especially glutathione metabolism, were differentially expressed in the cell lines resistant to SAHA compared with the sensitive ones, indicating their possible association with drug resistance mechanisms. Notably, such an association was also observed in breast primary tumors. Indeed, addition of buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), a compound capable of depleting cellular glutathione, significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of SAHA in both breast cancer cell lines and primary breast tumors. INNOVATION We identify and validate transcriptional differences in genes involved in redox pathways, which include potential predictive markers of sensitivity to SAHA. CONCLUSION In breast cancer, it could be relevant to evaluate the expression of antioxidant genes that may favor tumor resistance as a factor to consider for potential clinical application and treatment with epigenetic drugs (HDACis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Chiaradonna
- 1 Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca , Milan, Italy .,2 SYSBIO Centre of Systems Biology , Milan, Italy
| | - Iros Barozzi
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Miccolo
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bucci
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Palorini
- 1 Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca , Milan, Italy .,2 SYSBIO Centre of Systems Biology , Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Fornasari
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Oronza A Botrugno
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Pruneri
- 4 Department of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Masullo
- 4 Department of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Alfonso Passafaro
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | | | - Valeria R Fantin
- 6 Oncology Research Unit, Pfizer Global Research and Development , La Jolla, California
| | | | - Salvatore Pece
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viale
- 4 Department of Pathology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Di Fiore
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Draetta
- 8 Institute for Applied Cancer, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Science , Houston, Texas
| | - Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
| | - Saverio Minucci
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy .,9 Department of Biosciences, University of Milan , Milan, Italy
| | - Susanna Chiocca
- 3 Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology , Milan, Italy
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15
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Smedley D, Haider S, Durinck S, Pandini L, Provero P, Allen J, Arnaiz O, Awedh MH, Baldock R, Barbiera G, Bardou P, Beck T, Blake A, Bonierbale M, Brookes AJ, Bucci G, Buetti I, Burge S, Cabau C, Carlson JW, Chelala C, Chrysostomou C, Cittaro D, Collin O, Cordova R, Cutts RJ, Dassi E, Di Genova A, Djari A, Esposito A, Estrella H, Eyras E, Fernandez-Banet J, Forbes S, Free RC, Fujisawa T, Gadaleta E, Garcia-Manteiga JM, Goodstein D, Gray K, Guerra-Assunção JA, Haggarty B, Han DJ, Han BW, Harris T, Harshbarger J, Hastings RK, Hayes RD, Hoede C, Hu S, Hu ZL, Hutchins L, Kan Z, Kawaji H, Keliet A, Kerhornou A, Kim S, Kinsella R, Klopp C, Kong L, Lawson D, Lazarevic D, Lee JH, Letellier T, Li CY, Lio P, Liu CJ, Luo J, Maass A, Mariette J, Maurel T, Merella S, Mohamed AM, Moreews F, Nabihoudine I, Ndegwa N, Noirot C, Perez-Llamas C, Primig M, Quattrone A, Quesneville H, Rambaldi D, Reecy J, Riba M, Rosanoff S, Saddiq AA, Salas E, Sallou O, Shepherd R, Simon R, Sperling L, Spooner W, Staines DM, Steinbach D, Stone K, Stupka E, Teague JW, Dayem Ullah AZ, Wang J, Ware D, Wong-Erasmus M, Youens-Clark K, Zadissa A, Zhang SJ, Kasprzyk A. The BioMart community portal: an innovative alternative to large, centralized data repositories. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 43:W589-98. [PMID: 25897122 PMCID: PMC4489294 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 491] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The BioMart Community Portal (www.biomart.org) is a community-driven effort to provide a unified interface to biomedical databases that are distributed worldwide. The portal provides access to numerous database projects supported by 30 scientific organizations. It includes over 800 different biological datasets spanning genomics, proteomics, model organisms, cancer data, ontology information and more. All resources available through the portal are independently administered and funded by their host organizations. The BioMart data federation technology provides a unified interface to all the available data. The latest version of the portal comes with many new databases that have been created by our ever-growing community. It also comes with better support and extensibility for data analysis and visualization tools. A new addition to our toolbox, the enrichment analysis tool is now accessible through graphical and web service interface. The BioMart community portal averages over one million requests per day. Building on this level of service and the wealth of information that has become available, the BioMart Community Portal has introduced a new, more scalable and cheaper alternative to the large data stores maintained by specialized organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Smedley
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Welcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Syed Haider
- The Weatherall Institute Of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Steffen Durinck
- Genentech, Inc. 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Luca Pandini
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Provero
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy Dept of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences University of Turin, Italy
| | - James Allen
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Olivier Arnaiz
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, 1 avenue de la terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Mohammad Hamza Awedh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Richard Baldock
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Giulia Barbiera
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Tim Beck
- Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Andrew Blake
- MRC Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RD, UK
| | | | - Anthony J Brookes
- Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Gabriele Bucci
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Iwan Buetti
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Sarah Burge
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | | | | | - Claude Chelala
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | | | - Davide Cittaro
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Raul Cordova
- International Potato Center (CIP), Lima, 1558, Peru
| | - Rosalind J Cutts
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Erik Dassi
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Alex Di Genova
- Center for Mathematical Modeling and Center for Genome Regulation, University of Chile, Beauchef 851, 7th floor, Chile
| | - Anis Djari
- Plate-forme bio-informatique Genotoul, Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse, INRA, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | | | - Eduardo Eyras
- Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluis Companys 23, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Dr Aiguader 88 E-08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Simon Forbes
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Welcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Robert C Free
- Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | | | - Emanuela Gadaleta
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jose M Garcia-Manteiga
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - David Goodstein
- Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, USA
| | - Kristian Gray
- HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC), European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - José Afonso Guerra-Assunção
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Bernard Haggarty
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Dong-Jin Han
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Woo Han
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea Information Center for Bio-pharmacological Network, Seoul National University, Suwon 443-270, Republic of Korea
| | - Todd Harris
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Jayson Harshbarger
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies (CLST), Division of Genomic Technologies (DGT), Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Robert K Hastings
- Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Richard D Hayes
- Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, USA
| | - Claire Hoede
- Plate-forme bio-informatique Genotoul, Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse, INRA, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Shen Hu
- School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668, USA
| | | | - Lucie Hutchins
- Mouse Genomic Informatics Group, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Zhengyan Kan
- Oncology Computational Biology, Pfizer, La Jolla, USA
| | - Hideya Kawaji
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies (CLST), Division of Genomic Technologies (DGT), Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan RIKEN Preventive Medicine and Diagnosis Innovation Program, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Aminah Keliet
- INRA URGI Centre de Versailles, bâtiment 18 Route de Saint Cyr 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Arnaud Kerhornou
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Rhoda Kinsella
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Christophe Klopp
- Plate-forme bio-informatique Genotoul, Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse, INRA, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Lei Kong
- Center for Bioinformatics, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Daniel Lawson
- VectorBase, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Dejan Lazarevic
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Ji-Hyun Lee
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea Information Center for Bio-pharmacological Network, Seoul National University, Suwon 443-270, Republic of Korea
| | - Thomas Letellier
- INRA URGI Centre de Versailles, bâtiment 18 Route de Saint Cyr 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Chuan-Yun Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Pietro Lio
- Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FD, UK
| | - Chu-Jun Liu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Luo
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Alejandro Maass
- Center for Mathematical Modeling and Center for Genome Regulation, University of Chile, Beauchef 851, 7th floor, Chile Department of Mathematical Engineering, University of Chile, Av. Beauchef 851, 5th floor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jerome Mariette
- Plate-forme bio-informatique Genotoul, Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse, INRA, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Thomas Maurel
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Stefania Merella
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Azza Mostafa Mohamed
- Departament of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science for Girls, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ibounyamine Nabihoudine
- Plate-forme bio-informatique Genotoul, Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse, INRA, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Nelson Ndegwa
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, PO Box 281, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Céline Noirot
- Plate-forme bio-informatique Genotoul, Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse, INRA, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | - Michael Primig
- Inserm U1085 IRSET, University of Rennes 1, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - Alessandro Quattrone
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Hadi Quesneville
- INRA URGI Centre de Versailles, bâtiment 18 Route de Saint Cyr 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Davide Rambaldi
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Michela Riba
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Steven Rosanoff
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Amna Ali Saddiq
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science for Girls, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elisa Salas
- International Potato Center (CIP), Lima, 1558, Peru
| | | | - Rebecca Shepherd
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Welcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD, UK
| | | | - Linda Sperling
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, 1 avenue de la terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - William Spooner
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA Eagle Genomics Ltd., Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Daniel M Staines
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Delphine Steinbach
- INRA URGI Centre de Versailles, bâtiment 18 Route de Saint Cyr 78026 Versailles, France
| | - Kevin Stone
- Mouse Genomic Informatics Group, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Elia Stupka
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Jon W Teague
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Welcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Abu Z Dayem Ullah
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jun Wang
- Center for Bioinformatics, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Doreen Ware
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Marie Wong-Erasmus
- Human Longevity, Inc. 10835 Road to the Cure 140 San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Ken Youens-Clark
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Amonida Zadissa
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Shi-Jian Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Arek Kasprzyk
- Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Galli D, Carubbi C, Masselli E, Corradi D, Dei Cas A, Nouvenne A, Bucci G, Arcari ML, Mirandola P, Vitale M, Gobbi G. PKCε is a negative regulator of PVAT-derived vessel formation. Exp Cell Res 2015; 330:277-286. [PMID: 25433270 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Vessel formation is a crucial event in tissue repair after injury. Thus, one assumption of innovative therapeutic approaches is the understanding of its molecular mechanisms. Notwithstanding our knowledge of the role of Protein Kinase C epsilon (PKCε) in cardio-protection and vascular restenosis, its role in vessel progenitor differentiation remains elusive. OBJECTIVE Given the availability of PKCε pharmacological modulators already tested in clinical trials, the specific aim of this study is to unravel the role of PKCε in vessel progenitor differentiation, with implications in vascular pathology and vasculogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS Mouse Peri-Vascular Adipose Tissue (PVAT) was used as source of mesenchymal vessel progenitors. VEGF-induced differentiation of PVAT cells down-regulates both PKCε and p-PAK1 protein expression levels. PKCε overexpression and activation: i) reduced the expression levels of SMA and PECAM in endothelial differentiation of PVAT cells; ii) completely abrogated tubules formation in collagen gel assays; iii) increased the expression of p-PAK1. CONCLUSION PKCε negatively interferes with vessel progenitor differentiation via interaction with PAK-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Galli
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T.), Anatomy & Histology Unit, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - C Carubbi
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T.), Anatomy & Histology Unit, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - E Masselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - D Corradi
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T.), Anatomy & Histology Unit, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - A Dei Cas
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - A Nouvenne
- Department of Clinical Sciences Sec. Internal Medicine and Critical Long-Term Care University Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - G Bucci
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T.), Anatomy & Histology Unit, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - M L Arcari
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T.), Anatomy & Histology Unit, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - P Mirandola
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T.), Anatomy & Histology Unit, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - M Vitale
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T.), Anatomy & Histology Unit, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - G Gobbi
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T.), Anatomy & Histology Unit, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
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17
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Foletti A, Baron P, Sclauzero E, Bucci G, Rinaudo A, Rocco R. Assessment of biophysical therapy in the management of pain in current medical practice compared with ibuprofen and placebo: a pilot study. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2014; 28:471-479. [PMID: 25316134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pain management is a daily part of current medical practice. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the efficacy of a biophysical procedure (Med Select 729) compared to a usual pain killer drug (Ibuprofen), and to placebo in order to disclose some effective procedures to be employed especially in elderly people with multiple comorbidities, in patients with allergy to chemical drugs or previous side effects, in non-responders to usual medications, and in chronic diseases to reduce overload. A total of 66 patients were divided in 3 groups. After one week of biophysical therapy they showed similar effect to ibuprofen and after one month the statistical significance was achieved with p less than 0.02 in comparison to placebo. We conclude that biophysical therapy was shown to be an effective and safe procedure for the management of pain in current medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Foletti
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, CNR, Rome, Italy
| | - P Baron
- Clinical Biophysics International Research Group, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - E Sclauzero
- Clinical Biophysics International Research Group, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - G Bucci
- Clinical Biophysics International Research Group, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - A Rinaudo
- Clinical Biophysics International Research Group, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - R Rocco
- Clinical Biophysics International Research Group, Lugano, Switzerland
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18
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Toffalorio F, Belloni E, Barberis M, Bucci G, Tizzoni L, Pruneri G, Fumagalli C, Spitaleri G, Catania C, Melotti F, Pelicci PG, Spaggiari L, De Pas T. Gene expression profiling reveals GC and CEACAM1 as new tools in the diagnosis of lung carcinoids. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:1244-9. [PMID: 24518592 PMCID: PMC3950879 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Classification of lung carcinoids into typical and atypical is a diagnostic challenge since no immunohistochemical tools are available to support pathologists in distinguishing between the two subtypes. A differential diagnosis is essential for clinicians to correctly discuss therapy, prognosis and follow-up with patients. Indeed, the distinction between the two typical and atypical subtypes on biopsies/cytological specimens is still unfeasible and sometimes limited also after radical surgeries. By comparing the gene expression profile of typical (TC) and atypical carcinoids (AC), we intended to find genes specifically expressed in one of the two subtypes that could be used as diagnostic markers. Methods: Expression profiling, with Affymetrix arrays, was performed on six typical and seven atypical samples. Data were validated on an independent cohort of 29 tumours, by means of quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results: High-throughput gene expression profiling was successfully used to identify a gene signature specific for atypical lung carcinoids. Among the 273 upregulated genes in the atypical vs typical subtype, GC (vitamin D-binding protein) and CEACAM1 (carcinoembryonic antigen family member) emerged as potent diagnostic markers. Quantitative PCR and IHC on a validation set of 17 ACs and 12 TCs confirmed their reproducibility and feasibility. Conclusions: GC and CEACAM1 can distinguish between TC and AC, defining an IHC assay potentially useful for routine cytological and histochemical diagnostic procedures. The high sensitivity and reproducibility of this new diagnostic algorithm strongly support a further validation on a wider sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Toffalorio
- Division of Medical Oncology of the Respiratory Tract, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - E Belloni
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Molecular Medicine for Care Program, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - M Barberis
- Histopatology and Molecular Diagnostics Unit, Pathology Division, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - G Bucci
- Center of Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Milan, Italy
| | - L Tizzoni
- Real Time PCR Service, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - G Pruneri
- 1] Pathology Division, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy [2] University of Milan, School of Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - C Fumagalli
- Histopatology and Molecular Diagnostics Unit, Pathology Division, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - G Spitaleri
- Division of Medical Oncology of the Respiratory Tract, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - C Catania
- Division of Medical Oncology of the Respiratory Tract, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
| | - F Melotti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - P G Pelicci
- 1] Department of Experimental Oncology, Molecular Medicine for Care Program, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy [2] University of Milan, School of Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - L Spaggiari
- 1] University of Milan, School of Medicine, Milan, Italy [2] Thoracic Surgery Division, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - T De Pas
- Division of Medical Oncology of the Respiratory Tract, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern genomic technologies produce large amounts of data that can be mapped to specific regions in the genome. Among the first steps in interpreting the results is annotation of genomic regions with known features such as genes, promoters, CpG islands etc. Several tools have been published to perform this task. However, using these tools often requires a significant amount of bioinformatics skills and/or downloading and installing dedicated software. RESULTS Here we present AnnotateGenomicRegions, a web application that accepts genomic regions as input and outputs a selection of overlapping and/or neighboring genome annotations. Supported organisms include human (hg18, hg19), mouse (mm8, mm9, mm10), zebrafish (danRer7), and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (sacCer2, sacCer3). AnnotateGenomicRegions is accessible online on a public server or can be installed locally. Some frequently used annotations and genomes are embedded in the application while custom annotations may be added by the user. CONCLUSIONS The increasing spread of genomic technologies generates the need for a simple-to-use annotation tool for genomic regions that can be used by biologists and bioinformaticians alike. AnnotateGenomicRegions meets this demand. AnnotateGenomicRegions is an open-source web application that can be installed on any personal computer or institute server. AnnotateGenomicRegions is available at: http://cru.genomics.iit.it/AnnotateGenomicRegions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Zammataro
- Computational Research, Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Rita DeMolfetta
- Computational Research, Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
- European School of Molecular Medicine (SEMM), Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bucci
- Computational Research, Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Arnaud Ceol
- Computational Research, Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Heiko Muller
- Computational Research, Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Adamello 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
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20
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Abstract
One could argue that balneotherapy and mud therapy would have not lasted 2,000 years or so If they were not effective. No doubt a long history cannot be taken per se as scientific proof of efficacy. Some empiricism is still present in the field: the concept of spa itself is quite confounding, whereas spring waters are used for leisure purposes but also for non-acute patient therapy and late phases of clinical recovery. These confounding elements ultimately feed the opinion of those who aprioristically reject any potential beneficial effect of balneotherapy: instead, it should at least generate questions that deserve scientific answers. Clinical practices sequentially integrating pharmacological therapy with those natural principles for which a sufficient scientific demonstration is available, would probably cut the costs of public health, generating widespread advantages for the community. Recently, it has become evident that mineral waters may have intrinsic pharmacological properties. Of the numerous salts dissolved in thermal waters that might show pharmacological properties, for certain hydrogen sulfide (H2S) contained in sulfurous waters is the one that has obtained greater scientific attention, to which should be added the extensive scientific effort recently dedicated to H2S as a cellular gasotransmitter, independently from its natural sources. Dermatology and cosmetics are among the most studied applications of sulfurous waters, around which, however, some empiricism still confounds opinions: we therefore considered that a state-of-the-art focus on this topic might be timely and useful for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Carubbi
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T.), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - G. Gobbi
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T.), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - G. Bucci
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T.), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - M. Gesi
- Department of Human Morphology and Applied Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - M. Vitale
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T.), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Scientific Coordinator of the Italian Foundation for Scientific Research in Balneotherapy (FoRST), Rome, Italy
| | - P. Mirandola
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences (S.Bi.Bi.T.), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Montani F, Carletti RM, Marzi MJ, Bucci G, Nicassio F, Di Fiore PP. Abstract 5280: Identification of serum circulating non-coding RNAs as diagnostic markers by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and low-density array. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-5280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background. High incidence and mortality rate tumours present a more favourable prognosis if diagnosed in early stages (Jemal A. et al, 2011). Screening programs based on effective radiological techniques (e.g. mammography or low dose spiral CT) promise a mortality reduction, but their application on large scale suffers of disadvantages such as the use of ionizing radiation, overdiagnosis risk and high costs. Thus, the identification of molecular markers for cancer early diagnosis, especially if detectable through a simple non-invasive blood test, would provide powerful tools for the improvement of screening programs. Recently, a novel class of small non-coding RNAs, namely microRNAs, has been identified. MiRNA are extremely stable in biological fluids and their levels are different in malignant vs. control sera, making them a promising class of biological markers for early diagnosis. Indeed, studies from our and other labs led to the identification of “miRNA signatures” able to predict the presence of tumours even within a population of asymptomatic high-risk individuals (Bianchi F. et al., 2011; Boeri M. et al., 2011). However, methods used in these studies rely on QPCR approaches, which require previous knowledge on the molecules to be investigated. Indeed, the real complexity of circulating RNAs is still obscure, comprising other classes of molecules not yet investigated that could behave as novel biomarkers. The recent development of high-throughput sequencing technologies (Next Generation Sequencing - NGS) provided instruments to reveal the complexity of nucleic acids, but a complete protocol for the identification of circulating RNAs has not been established nor compared with current available approaches (i.e. QPCR).
Aim: Our aim is to develop a simultaneous and comparative protocol for serum miRNA analysis, which encompasses both high-throughput QPCR and sequencing analysis in order to reveal the complexity of circulating small-RNAs.
Methods: Total RNA has been isolated from the serum of healthy donors and analysed simultaneously by low-density QPCR (TaqMan Low Density Array, Life Technologies) and by NGS (Illumina).
Results: A step-wise protocol to simultaneously analyze non-coding RNAs using NGS technology (Illumina) and high-throughput QPCR has been developed. The protocol has been optimized to allow both analyses using even limited amount of serum (up to 1mL). Both platforms resulted as highly efficient and quantitative, although NGS manages to score many molecules and RNA species that could not be analysed by current QPCR platforms, thus revealing a major complexity of circulating non-coding RNAs.
Conclusion: We proposed that the combined use of NGS and QPCR platforms would allow a wider and more detailed analysis of circulating RNAs, expanding our ability to fish out robust and efficient molecular markers for early detection of cancer.
Citation Format: Francesca Montani, Rose Mary Carletti, Matteo J. Marzi, Gabriele Bucci, Francesco Nicassio, Pier Paolo Di Fiore. Identification of serum circulating non-coding RNAs as diagnostic markers by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and low-density array. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5280. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5280
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22
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Fragola G, Germain PL, Laise P, Cuomo A, Blasimme A, Gross F, Signaroldi E, Bucci G, Sommer C, Pruneri G, Mazzarol G, Bonaldi T, Mostoslavsky G, Casola S, Testa G. Cell reprogramming requires silencing of a core subset of polycomb targets. PLoS Genet 2013; 9:e1003292. [PMID: 23468641 PMCID: PMC3585017 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor (TF)–induced reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) is associated with genome-wide changes in chromatin modifications. Polycomb-mediated histone H3 lysine-27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) has been proposed as a defining mark that distinguishes the somatic from the iPSC epigenome. Here, we dissected the functional role of H3K27me3 in TF–induced reprogramming through the inactivation of the H3K27 methylase EZH2 at the onset of reprogramming. Our results demonstrate that surprisingly the establishment of functional iPSC proceeds despite global loss of H3K27me3. iPSC lacking EZH2 efficiently silenced the somatic transcriptome and differentiated into tissues derived from the three germ layers. Remarkably, the genome-wide analysis of H3K27me3 in Ezh2 mutant iPSC cells revealed the retention of this mark on a highly selected group of Polycomb targets enriched for developmental regulators controlling the expression of lineage specific genes. Erasure of H3K27me3 from these targets led to a striking impairment in TF–induced reprogramming. These results indicate that PRC2-mediated H3K27 trimethylation is required on a highly selective core of Polycomb targets whose repression enables TF–dependent cell reprogramming. Multicellular organisms are composed of a variety of cell types. Over the last years we have learned that cell differentiation is fully reversible and that it takes few specific transcription factors (proteins that bind to DNA and regulate gene expression) to convert one cell type into another. The most dramatic example is the reprogramming of somatic cells into stem cells that reacquire the potential to give rise to all cell types of the body. This process entails the resetting of the gene expression program of the somatic cells necessary to acquire a pluripotent state but remains poorly understood. Here, we defined the role in cell reprogramming of the Polycomb axis, one of the key effectors of gene silencing that operates through a specific chemical modification of histones (the trimethylation of lysine-27 on histone H3) that is stably inherited from one cell generation to the next. Surprisingly, we uncovered a selective requirement for Polycomb silencing during somatic cell reprogramming. Upon inactivation of the essential Polycomb protein EZH2, histones trimethylated on lysine-27 were retained on a selected subset of physiological Polycomb target genes whose products control normal development, and erasure of the histone mark from these critical genes abolished reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fragola
- European Institute of Oncology, IFOM-IEO Campus, Milan, Italy
- IFOM Foundation, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, IFOM-IEO Campus, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Pasquale Laise
- European Institute of Oncology, IFOM-IEO Campus, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Fridolin Gross
- European Institute of Oncology, IFOM-IEO Campus, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele Bucci
- European Institute of Oncology, IFOM-IEO Campus, Milan, Italy
| | - Cesar Sommer
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | | | - Tiziana Bonaldi
- European Institute of Oncology, IFOM-IEO Campus, Milan, Italy
| | - Gustavo Mostoslavsky
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Stefano Casola
- IFOM Foundation, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, IFOM-IEO Campus, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail: (S Casola); (G Testa)
| | - Giuseppe Testa
- European Institute of Oncology, IFOM-IEO Campus, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail: (S Casola); (G Testa)
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23
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Giovarelli M, Bucci G, Pasero M, Gherzi R, Briata P. KSRP silencing favors neural differentiation of P19 teratocarcinoma cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 2013; 1829:469-79. [PMID: 23462617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2013.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms that control the balance between multipotency and differentiation is of great importance to elucidate the genesis of both developmental disorders and cell transformation events. To investigate the role of the RNA binding protein KSRP in controlling neural differentiation, we used the P19 embryonal carcinoma cell line that is able to differentiate into neuron-like cells under appropriate culture conditions. We have recently reported that KSRP controls the differentiative fate of multipotent mesenchymal cells owing to its ability to promote decay of unstable transcripts and to favor maturation of selected micro-RNAs (miRNAs) from precursors. Here we report that KSRP silencing in P19 cells favors neural differentiation increasing the expression of neuronal markers. Further, the expression of two master transcriptional regulators of neurogenesis, ASCL1 and JMJD3, was enhanced while the maturation of miR-200 family members from precursors was impaired in KSRP knockdown cells. These molecular changes can contribute to the reshaping of P19 cells transcriptome that follows KSRP silencing. Our data suggests that KSRP function is required to maintain P19 cells in a multipotent undifferentiated state and that its inactivation can orient cells towards neural differentiation.
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24
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Marzi MJ, Puggioni EMR, Dall'Olio V, Bucci G, Bernard L, Bianchi F, Crescenzi M, Di Fiore PP, Nicassio F. Differentiation-associated microRNAs antagonize the Rb-E2F pathway to restrict proliferation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 199:77-95. [PMID: 23027903 PMCID: PMC3461518 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201206033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional regulation by Rb–E2F and posttranscriptional regulation by microRNAs control the expression of cell cycle and DNA replication genes and restrict cellular proliferation. The cancer-associated loss of microRNA (miRNA) expression leads to a proliferative advantage and aggressive behavior through largely unknown mechanisms. Here, we exploit a model system that recapitulates physiological terminal differentiation and its reversal upon oncogene expression to analyze coordinated mRNA/miRNA responses. The cell cycle reentry of myotubes, forced by the E1A oncogene, was associated with a pattern of mRNA/miRNA modulation that was largely reciprocal to that induced during the differentiation of myoblasts into myotubes. The E1A-induced mRNA response was preponderantly Retinoblastoma protein (Rb)-dependent. Conversely, the miRNA response was mostly Rb-independent and exerted through tissue-specific factors and Myc. A subset of these miRNAs (miR-1, miR-34, miR-22, miR-365, miR-29, miR-145, and Let-7) was shown to coordinately target Rb-dependent cell cycle and DNA replication mRNAs. Thus, a dual level of regulation—transcriptional regulation via Rb–E2F and posttranscriptional regulation via miRNAs—confers robustness to cell cycle control and provides a molecular basis to understand the role of miRNA subversion in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo J Marzi
- Fondazione Istituto FIRC di Oncologia Molecolare, 20139 Milan, Italy
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25
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Pasero M, Giovarelli M, Bucci G, Gherzi R, Briata P. Bone Morphogenetic Protein/SMAD Signaling Orients Cell Fate Decision by Impairing KSRP-Dependent MicroRNA Maturation. Cell Rep 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2012.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Fiorino A, Gamba B, Bucci G, Manenti G, Radice P, Perotti D. Abstract 1423: Transcription induced by the POU6F2-encoded RPF-1 and genome-wide screening of promoter occupancy unveil a potential regulatory role in kidney embryogenesis. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2012-1423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Wilms Tumor (WT, or nephroblastoma), a tumor of embryonic origin, is the most frequent genitourinary tumor in childhood. Current view of this malignancy point out to a common origin with the fetal developing kidney. Undifferentiated mesenchymal cell types and differentiated immature structures are in fact present in WTs, whose gene expression tend to overlap with the early nephrogenesis transcriptome. Remarkably, several factors guiding the development of kidney are overexpressed in WT specimens. WT is also characterized by alterations at several genomic loci and 20% patients exhibit LOH at chr7p. We were able to identify the smallest overlapping region at 7p14 encoding the POU6F2 gene, of the POU family of transcription factors regulating developmental and biological processes. Moreover, expression of POU6F2 mouse homolog was shown during nephrogenesis. These finding may be indicative of a role for this gene in kidney development, and since perturbation of this process contribute to WT, we addressed whether the Retina-derived POU domain Factor-1 (RPF-1, product of POU6F2) is a bonafide transcription factor participating in the transcriptional program that drive nephrogenesis. By addressing RPF-1 protein-DNA interaction we could confirm functional interaction with consensus octamers for POU proteins. Following its induction in human embryo kidney (HEK293) stable transfectants, the pattern of transcriptional targets regulated was evaluated and about 750 genes showed significant modulation (p<0.01) by its expression. Further, genome-wide localization of RPF-1 bound promoter regions via ChIP-chip enabled identification of loci in approximately 1,700 genes. Overlapping with the transcriptome showed a set of 367 genes directly modulated through its expression. Motif analysis at their loci indicated the presence of degenerate POU octameric sequences in >80% genes, suggesting for RPF-1 a low specificity in its binding to DNA. Top biological processes emerging from functional annotation analysis of direct transcriptional targets included kidney, metanephron, tube and ureteric bud development, primary germ layer formation, cell fate commitment, and neurogenesis as well. Axonal guidance, ephrin signalling, and transcription were top canonical functions clustered by gene ontology. Accordingly, regulators of nephrogenesis, such as EYA1, PDGFD, SLIT2 and ROBO2, myogenic differentiator MEF2C, neurite regulator MAP2, and GATA2 stem cell differentiator, are all regulated through promoter featuring closely spaced octamers. Overall, our results suggest a direct implication of RPF-1 into the transcriptional program guiding kidney development, and perturbation of its function during embryogenesis may contribute to the development of nephroblastoma.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1423. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1423
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beatrice Gamba
- 1IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Paolo Radice
- 1IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori Foundation, Milan, Italy
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Fumagalli M, Rossiello F, Clerici M, Barozzi S, Cittaro D, Kaplunov JM, Bucci G, Dobreva M, Matti V, Beausejour CM, Herbig U, Longhese MP, d'Adda di Fagagna F. Telomeric DNA damage is irreparable and causes persistent DNA-damage-response activation. Nat Cell Biol 2012; 14:355-65. [PMID: 22426077 DOI: 10.1038/ncb2466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 552] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The DNA-damage response (DDR) arrests cell-cycle progression until damage is removed. DNA-damage-induced cellular senescence is associated with persistent DDR. The molecular bases that distinguish transient from persistent DDR are unknown. Here we show that a large fraction of exogenously induced persistent DDR markers is associated with telomeric DNA in cultured cells and mammalian tissues. In yeast, a chromosomal DNA double-strand break next to a telomeric sequence resists repair and impairs DNA ligase 4 recruitment. In mammalian cells, ectopic localization of telomeric factor TRF2 next to a double-strand break induces persistent DNA damage and DDR. Linear, but not circular, telomeric DNA or scrambled DNA induces a prolonged checkpoint in normal cells. In terminally differentiated tissues of old primates, DDR markers accumulate at telomeres that are not critically short. We propose that linear genomes are not uniformly reparable and that telomeric DNA tracts, if damaged, are irreparable and trigger persistent DDR and cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Fumagalli
- IFOM Foundation-FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, Milan 20139, Italy
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De Santa F, Narang V, Yap ZH, Tusi BK, Burgold T, Austenaa L, Bucci G, Caganova M, Notarbartolo S, Casola S, Testa G, Sung WK, Wei CL, Natoli G. Jmjd3 contributes to the control of gene expression in LPS-activated macrophages. EMBO J 2009; 28:3341-52. [PMID: 19779457 PMCID: PMC2752025 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2009.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2009] [Accepted: 08/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Jmjd3, a JmjC family histone demethylase, is induced by the transcription factor NF-kB in response to microbial stimuli. Jmjd3 erases H3K27me3, a histone mark associated with transcriptional repression and involved in lineage determination. However, the specific contribution of Jmjd3 induction and H3K27me3 demethylation to inflammatory gene expression remains unknown. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing we found that Jmjd3 is preferentially recruited to transcription start sites characterized by high levels of H3K4me3, a marker of gene activity, and RNA polymerase II (Pol_II). Moreover, 70% of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-inducible genes were found to be Jmjd3 targets. Although most Jmjd3 target genes were unaffected by its deletion, a few hundred genes, including inducible inflammatory genes, showed moderately impaired Pol_II recruitment and transcription. Importantly, most Jmjd3 target genes were not associated with detectable levels of H3K27me3, and transcriptional effects of Jmjd3 absence in the window of time analysed were uncoupled from measurable effects on this histone mark. These data show that Jmjd3 fine-tunes the transcriptional output of LPS-activated macrophages in an H3K27 demethylation-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca De Santa
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IFOM-IEO Campus, Milan, Italy
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Gargiulo G, Levy S, Bucci G, Romanenghi M, Fornasari L, Beeson KY, Goldberg SM, Cesaroni M, Ballarini M, Santoro F, Bezman N, Frigè G, Gregory PD, Holmes MC, Strausberg RL, Pelicci PG, Urnov FD, Minucci S. NA-Seq: a discovery tool for the analysis of chromatin structure and dynamics during differentiation. Dev Cell 2009; 16:466-81. [PMID: 19289091 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2009.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2008] [Revised: 12/19/2008] [Accepted: 02/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that epigenetic modulation of genome accessibility in chromatin occurs during biological processes. Here we describe a method based on restriction enzymes and next-generation sequencing for identifying accessible DNA elements using a small amount of starting material, and use it to examine myeloid differentiation of primary human CD34+ cells. The accessibility of several classes of cis-regulatory elements was a predictive marker of in vivo DNA binding by transcription factors, and was associated with distinct patterns of histone posttranslational modifications. We also mapped large chromosomal domains with differential accessibility in progenitors and maturing cells. Accessibility became restricted during differentiation, correlating with a decreased number of expressed genes and loss of regulatory potential. Our data suggest that a permissive chromatin structure in multipotent cells is progressively and selectively closed during differentiation, and illustrate the use of our method for the identification of functional cis-regulatory elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Gargiulo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IFOM-IEO Campus, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy
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Bucci G, González-Martínez SC, Le Provost G, Plomion C, Ribeiro MM, Sebastiani F, Alía R, Vendramin GG. Range-wide phylogeography and gene zones in Pinus pinaster Ait. revealed by chloroplast microsatellite markers. Mol Ecol 2007; 16:2137-53. [PMID: 17498237 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2007.03275.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Some 1339 trees from 48 Pinus pinaster stands were characterized by five chloroplast microsatellites, detecting a total of 103 distinct haplotypes. Frequencies for the 16 most abundant haplotypes (p(k) > 0.01) were spatially interpolated over a lattice made by 430 grid points. Fitting of spatially interpolated values on raw haplotype frequencies at the same geographical location was tested by regression analysis. A range-wide 'diversity map' based on interpolated haplotype frequencies allowed the identification of one 'hotspot' of diversity in central and southeastern Spain, and two areas of low haplotypic diversity located in the western Iberian peninsula and Morocco. Principal component analysis (PCA) carried out on haplotypes frequency surfaces allowed the construction of a colour-based 'synthetic' map of the first three PC components, enabling the detection of the main range-scale genetic trends and the identification of three main 'gene pools' for the species: (i) a 'southeastern' gene pool, including southeastern France, Italy, Corsica, Sardinia, Pantelleria and northern Africa; (ii) an 'Atlantic' gene pool, including all the western areas of the Iberian peninsula; and (iii) a 'central' gene pool, located in southeastern Spain. Multivariate and AMOVA analyses carried out on interpolated grid point frequency values revealed the existence of eight major clusters ('gene zones'), whose genetic relationships were related with the history of the species. In addition, demographic models showed more ancient expansions in the eastern and southern ranges of maritime pine probably associated to early postglacial recolonization. The delineation of the gene zones provides a baseline for designing conservation areas in this key Mediterranean pine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Bucci
- Istituto di Genetica Vegetale, Sezione di Firenze, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
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Bucci G, Cook CD. STUDIES OF RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY IN CHILDREN. VI. LUNG DIFFUSING CAPACITY, DIFFUSING CAPACITY OF THE PULMONARY MEMBRANE AND PULMONARY CAPILLARY BLOOD VOLUME IN CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE. J Clin Invest 2006; 40:1431-41. [PMID: 16695875 PMCID: PMC292518 DOI: 10.1172/jci104374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G Bucci
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
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Orlandini G, Guizzardi S, Ferretti S, Simonazzi M, Bucci G, Gatti R. Ultrastructural basis for the efficiency of an ileal orthotopic neobladder 27 years after surgery. Urol Int 2003; 69:233-5. [PMID: 12372893 DOI: 10.1159/000063933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The morphological and functional basis of the excellent clinical outcome of ileal orthotopic neobladders are largely unknown. Only long-term follow-up studies will provide an adequate answer to this unsettled question. We have studied a patient who underwent this type of surgery over 27 years ago. Besides an important secretive adaptation we have found, at the ultrastructural level, that the monolayered epithelium does not show signs of true metaplasia and that changes had occurred in the intercellular junctions, namely that desmosomes are significantly increased. Although limited to a single case, these features, if confirmed by further observations, suggest a working hypothesis for the understanding of the definitive phenotypic adaptation of the ileal epithelium to the new aggressive environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Orlandini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Histology Section, Azienda Ospedaliera di Parma, Italy
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Abstract
The spatial clustering of single- and di-locus genotypes in a natural, continuous population of Norway spruce was investigated using 69 Mendelian Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers that covered about 15 of the species genome, and whose linkage relationships were known. Spatial autocorrelation techniques and randomization tests, applied to both single- and di-locus genotypes, revealed a weak, though significant, spatial structure at the scale 0-200 m (5 of single-locus and 7 of di-locus genotypes). To assess the relative importance of isolation by distance and linkage between markers on their spatial genetic structuring, we grouped joins between sampled trees into equivalence categories expected to show similar, specific patterns of spatial distribution under isolation by distance. Results from both single- and di-locus analyses were consistent with the existence of patches of like homozygotes (about 8 and 11 of loci at the single- and di-locus level, respectively) surrounded by a mix of like heterozygotes. Similar structuring has been predicted by simulation models under isolation by distance and selective neutrality. Overall, linkage between markers accounted for an increase of spatial clumping of di-locus genotypes involving tightly linked loci with recombination fractions up to 0.1, a consequence of limited, stochastic spread of single-locus genotypes in space. Our results support the hypothesis that isolation by distance and linkage have a small, though significant, effect even within continuous forest tree populations. In general, the spatial distribution of multilocus genotypes within populations should be interpreted with caution when linkage relationships among the markers used are unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Bucci
- Istituto Miglioramento Genetico Piante Forestali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche, Florence, Italy
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Lombari C, Formisano V, Iannucci A, Alderisio A, Sarno A, Bucci G, Lombari P. [Current problems of the surgical treatment of rectal cancer: analysis of the literature and personal experience]. Chir Ital 2001; 53:543-9. [PMID: 11586574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The surgical procedure is a crucial factor in preventing local recurrence in rectal cancer, and total mesorectal excision (TME) particularly is widely accepted as being associated with a decreased local recurrence rate. In this study, concerning 187 patients with rectal cancer, we compare conventional surgery, performed in 140 patients from 1979 to 1993, with a standardised TME procedure in 47 patients over the period from 1994 to 1998. The first group not treated by TME were operated on for 56 (40%) tumours of the upper rectum and 84 (60%) of the lower rectum; 35 (25%) were Dukes' A, 77 Dukes' B and 28 (20%) Dukes' C. 42 abdominoperineal amputations (30%) and 98 anterior resections (70%) were performed. The second group in which TME was performed comprised 17 (36%) tumours of the upper rectum and 30 (64%) of the lower rectum, 8 (17%) in stage I AJCC (Dukes' A), 16 (34%) in II (B) and 23 (49%) in III (C). 9 abdominoperineal amputations (19%) and 38 anterior resections (81%) were performed, 8 (21%) with an ultra-low anastomosis. In the first group of patients we observed 28 local recurrences (20%) and a 5-year disease-free survival in 50% of cases. In the second group we achieved a decreased rate of local recurrence (10.6%) which is about half that observed after conventional surgery, but there was no significant difference in survival. These data confirm the effectiveness of TME in reducing local recurrence rate, according to the literature; in future this procedure can get to reconsider the role of adjuvant therapy in the management of rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lombari
- Unità Operativa di Chirurgia Generale Dipartimento di Chirurgia Generale e Specialistica Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale Ospedale Civile di Caserta
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Gatti R, Ferretti S, Bucci G, Simonazzi M, Orlandini G. Histomorphology of an ileal orthotopic neobladder: 24 Year's follow-up. Acta Anat (Basel) 2000; 163:179-83. [PMID: 10072565 DOI: 10.1159/000046496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
No morphological data are so far available about long-term (over 15 years) adaptation and outcome of ileal neobladders. In this single case report we have studied a 72-year-old man who underwent reconstruction of an ileal neobladder 24 years ago. The ileal epithelium shows changes toward a colonic aspect with villous atrophy and increased goblet cell number although, as in normal ileum, sialomucins are the most abundant secretory products. Neuroendocrine cells are reduced to a few elements of a single morphological class. Even in the presence of a low apoptotic rate reduced cell proliferation causes mucosal thinning. These adaptive mechanisms grant an excellent clinical and functional result even beyond 20 years after surgery. It is suggested that ileal neobladder can constitute an important model for the study of epithelial differentiation control.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gatti
- Institute of Histology and General Embryology, Department of Urology, General Hospital, Parma, Italy.
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36
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Abstract
We applied geostatistics to previously reported chloroplast simple sequence repeats (cpSSR) haplotype frequency data from 95 European Norway spruce populations to provide preliminary evidence about the following issues: (i) delineation of genetically homogeneous regions ('genetic zones'); (ii) prediction of their haplotype frequencies and definition of related criteria to be applied for provenance identification and certification of seedlots; (iii) identification of putative allochthonous stands; and (iv) construction of a continental-scale 'availability map' of the intraspecific biodiversity for Norway spruce. Direct evidence of large-scale geographical structure over the European natural range was obtained, detecting both geographical clines and stationary patterns. The increase of the mean genetic divergence by geographical distance (up to approximately 1800 km apart) provided a strong hint that geographical distance is a major factor of differentiation in Norway spruce. Haplotype frequency surfaces were obtained by applying ordinary kriging to sampling frequency data. Cluster analysis carried out on haplotype frequency surfaces revealed a fair discrimination among 16 genetic zones, with an accuracy of 0.916. Dendrogram analysis carried out on the predicted mean haplotype frequency confirmed a fairly good separability of the genetic zones detected. Reclassification of populations by discriminant analysis confirmed the robustness of the genetic subdivision obtained. Combining the information from discriminant analysis and cross-validation of sampling points, three populations likely to be of nonlocal origin were identified. The application of geostatistical analysis to genetic marker data is discussed in relation to breeding activities and to the formulation of appropriate conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bucci
- Istituto Miglioramento Genetico Piante Forestali (IMGPF), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), v. Atto Vannucci, 13, I-50134 Firenze, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cadoni
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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Vendramin GG, Anzidei M, Madaghiele A, Sperisen C, Bucci G. Chloroplast microsatellite analysis reveals the presence of population subdivision in Norway spruce (Picea abies K.). Genome 2000; 43:68-78. [PMID: 10701115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Three chloroplast microsatellites (cpSSRs), previously sequence characterized and for which paternal inheritance was tested and confirmed, were used to assess their usefulness as informative markers for phylogeographic studies in Norway spruce (Picea abies K.) and to detect spatial genetic differentiation related to the possible recolonization processes in the postglacial period. Ninety-seven populations were included in the survey. Some 8, 7, and 6 different size variants for the three cpSSRs, respectively, were scored by analysing 1105 individuals. The above 21 variants combined into 41 different haplotypes. The distribution of some haplotypes showed a clear geographic structure and seems to be related to the existence of different refugia during the last glacial period. The analysis of chloroplast SSR variation detected the presence of two main gene pools (Sarmathic-Baltic and Alpine--Centre European) and a relatively low degree of differentiation (RST of about 10%), characteristic of tree species with large distribution and probably influenced by an intensive human impact on this species. Based on our data, we were not able to detect any evidence concerning the existence of additional gene pools (e.g., from Balkan and Carpathian glacial refugia), though we cannot exclude the existence of genetic discontinuity within the species' European range. A large proportion of population-specific haplotypes were scored in this species, thus indicating a possible usefulness of these markers for the identification of provenances, seed-lots, and autochthonous stands.
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Affiliation(s)
- G G Vendramin
- Istituto Miglioramento Genetico Piante Forestali, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Firenze, Italy.
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Vendramin GG, Anzidei M, Madaghiele A, Sperisen C, Bucci G. Chloroplast microsatellite analysis reveals the presence of population subdivision in Norway spruce (Picea abies K.). Genome 2000. [DOI: 10.1139/g99-093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Three chloroplast microsatellites (cpSSRs), previously sequence characterized and for which paternal inheritance was tested and confirmed, were used to assess their usefulness as informative markers for phylogeographic studies in Norway spruce (Picea abies K.) and to detect spatial genetic differentiation related to the possible recolonization processes in the postglacial period. Ninety-seven populations were included in the survey. Some 8, 7, and 6 different size variants for the three cpSSRs, respectively, were scored by analysing 1105 individuals. The above 21 variants combined into 41 different haplotypes. The distribution of some haplotypes showed a clear geographic structure and seems to be related to the existence of different refugia during the last glacial period. The analysis of chloroplast SSR variation detected the presence of two main gene pools (Sarmathic-Baltic and Alpine - Centre European) and a relatively low degree of differentiation (RST of about 10%), characteristic of tree species with large distribution and probably influenced by an intensive human impact on this species. Based on our data, we were not able to detect any evidence concerning the existence of additional gene pools (e.g., from Balkan and Carpathian glacial refugia), though we cannot exclude the existence of genetic discontinuity within the species' European range. A large proportion of population-specific haplotypes were scored in this species, thus indicating a possible usefulness of these markers for the identification of provenances, seed-lots, and autochthonous stands. Key words: haplotypic diversity, phylogeography, chloroplast microsatellites, recolonization.
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Vendramin G, Anzidei M, Madaghiele A, Sperisen C, Bucci G. Chloroplast microsatellite analysis reveals the presence of population subdivision in Norway spruce ( Picea abies K.). Genome 2000. [DOI: 10.1139/gen-43-1-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Gatti R, Ferretti S, Bucci G, Simonazzi M, Cortellini P, Orlandini G. Histological adaptation of orthotopic ileal neobladder mucosa: 4-year follow-up of 30 patients. Eur Urol 1999; 36:588-94. [PMID: 10559613 DOI: 10.1159/000020053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE For 4 years we have monitored the histological evolution of ileal neobladders in a single cohort of 30 patients in order to systematically describe the histological changes occurring after surgery. The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term evolution of many histological parameters with functional relevance as to the metabolic outcome of the reservoirs. METHODS Ileal samples were collected during surgery and by random biopsies during cystoscopy 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 months later. At each step qualitative and quantitative assessment of the histological and cytological conditions of the samples was carried out. RESULTS Morphological changes develop relatively early but the situation tends to level out in about 1 year. The morphological changes are topographically uneven and, although mucosal flattening becomes progressively prevalent, areas with shortened villi persist indefinitely. Goblet cells prevail over enterocytes and the secretive pattern shifts towards sialomucins. The overall replication rate decreases initially but tends to restore in 1 year. Dysplasia or atrophy were never recorded. CONCLUSIONS The 4-year systematic follow-up revealed a typical histological adaptation pattern in the ileal neobladder without signs of dysplasia. The changes seem to be induced by the aggressive environment and develop in the time lag required for functional adaptation of the epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gatti
- Institute of Histology and General Embryology, University of Parma, Italy.
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Moretti C, Gizzi C, Papoff P, Lampariello S, Capoferri M, Calcagnini G, Bucci G. Comparing the effects of nasal synchronized intermittent positive pressure ventilation (nSIPPV) and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) after extubation in very low birth weight infants. Early Hum Dev 1999; 56:167-77. [PMID: 10636595 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-3782(99)00046-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study we hypothesized that nasal synchronized intermittent positive pressure ventilation (nSIPPV) would provide more ventilatory support than nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) in the immediate post-extubation period in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. We tested this hypothesis by comparing the effects of these two ventilatory techniques on ventilation, gas exchange, and patient inspiratory effort in 11 preterm infants immediately after extubation. All neonates studied (BW: 1141+/-(SEM) 53 g; GA: 28.1+/-(SEM) 0.5 wks) had received mechanical ventilation because of respiratory distress at birth and were extubated by day 14 of life. Nasal SIPPV and nCPAP were applied in random order to each infant after extubation so that each was his/her own control. Both nCPAP and nSIPPV were delivered at end-expiratory pressures (PEEP) of 3 cm H2O. Inspiratory times (Ti) and peak inspiratory pressures set during nSIPPV were the same as those used at the time of extubation. Recordings lasted 45 min in each mode of ventilation. Tidal volume (Vt), minute volume (Ve), respiratory rate (RR), airway pressure (Paw), transcutaneous PO2 (TcPO2) and PCO2 (TcPCO2) as well as phasic esophageal pressure deflections (Pe), as an estimate of inspiratory effort, were measured. The measurements obtained during both modes of ventilation indicated significant differences between the two techniques. Indeed, application of nSIPPV was associated with a statistically significant increase in Vt and Ve. In addition, Pe decreased by 30% during nSIPPV (P<0.01). TcPCO2 was statistically significantly lower during nSIPPV than nCPAP, and RR as well. These data therefore suggest that nSIPPV may provide more ventilatory support than nCPAP in the post-extubation period with less patient inspiratory effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Moretti
- Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether the presence of Ureaplasma urealyticum in the respiratory tracts of very low birth weight infants is associated with increased risk of pneumonia, radiographic evidence of severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia during the second or third week of life (precocious) and oxygen dependency at 36 weeks of corrected postnatal gestational age. METHODS From October, 1993, to January, 1996, all infants who met the following entry criteria were enrolled in the study: birth weights < or = 1500 g; admission to the NICU within 24 h after birth; evidence on admission of respiratory distress; and no prior antibiotic treatment. Infants were cultured for mycoplasmas, viruses, chlamydiae and aerobic and anaeroic bacteria. RESULTS Ninety-four critically ill newborns constituted our study cohort. Within 7 days of birth more infants with U. urealyticum infection showed radiographic features of pneumonia (53.1%, 25 of 47) than infants without U. urealyticum infection (21.2%, 10 of 47). Infants with U. urealyticum were more likely to have radiographic evidence of precocious bronchopulmonary dysplasia than those without this isolate (22.5%, 9 of 40 vs. 2.3%, 1 of 42). The relative risk of oxygen dependency at 36 weeks of corrected age in U. urealyticum-positive infants was 11.0 times that in U. urealyticum-negative infants (95% confidence interval, 1.6 to 75.5). Association of U. urealyticum and chronic lung disease at this age was not weakened after adjustments were made in a multivariate analysis for other significant risk factors including gestational age and presence of a patent ductus arteriosus. CONCLUSIONS Isolation of U. urealyticum from respiratory tracts is associated with radiographic changes compatible with pneumonia within 7 days of birth, precocious bronchopulmonary dysplasia and severe pulmonary outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pacifico
- Institute of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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Abstract
Image reference databases (IRDBs) are a recurrent research topic in medical imaging. Most IRDBs are designed to help experienced physicians in diagnostic tasks and require that users have prior extensive knowledge of the field for their use to be fruitful. Therefore, the educational potential of such image collections cannot be exploited thoroughly. In this paper we propose an image-indexing method to extend the functionalities of an existing medical IRDB and allow for its use in educational applications, as well as in computer-assisted diagnosis. Our method, based on the Kahrunen-Leève transform, has been used to develop a content-based search engine for tomographic image databases on which we are presently experimenting and which we aim to integrate into a working radiological IRDB installed at the University of Florence. Results achieved in our preliminary tests are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bucci
- Dipartimento di Sistemi ed Informatica, Università di Firenze, Florence, Italy
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Panero A, Roggini M, Papoff P, Moretti C, Contini C, Bucci G. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in preterm infants: report of two cases successfully diagnosed by non-bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage. Acta Paediatr 1995; 84:1309-11. [PMID: 8580633 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1995.tb13555.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We present two cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in apparently immunocompetent preterm infants presenting with unexplained respiratory distress associated with a predominantly interstitial process on the chest radiograph. Definite diagnosis was promptly established on the detection of cyst forms in the lung fluid obtained by non-bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage, and a favourable outcome was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Panero
- Institute of Paediatrics, La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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Papoff P, Pacifico L, Bucci G. Etiology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatrics 1995; 96:796-7. [PMID: 7567358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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Panero A, Pacifico L, Rossi N, Bucci G, Chiesa C. Elevated white blood cell counts associated with Ureaplasma urealyticum colonization in preterm neonates. Clin Infect Dis 1994; 19:980-1. [PMID: 7893900 DOI: 10.1093/clinids/19.5.980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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