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Carboni A, Gelabert A, Charron G, Faucher S, Lespes G, Sivry Y, Benedetti MF. Mobility and transformation of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots in soil: Role of the capping ligands and ageing effect. Chemosphere 2020; 254:126868. [PMID: 32348924 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The increasing application of Quantum Dots (QDs) is cause of concern for the potential negative effects for the ecosystem, especially in soils that may act as a sink. In this study, soil leaching experiments were performed in quartz sand packed columns to investigate the behavior of core-shell CdSe/ZnS QDs coated with either small ligands (TGA-QDs) or more complex polymers (POAMA-QDs). Fluorescence emission was compared to mass spectrometric measurements to assess the nanoparticles (NPs) state in both the leachate (transported species) and porous media (deposited amounts). Although both QDs were strongly retained in the column, large differences were observed depending on their capping ligand stability. Specifically, for TGA-QDs elution was negligible and the retained fraction accumulated in the top-columns. Furthermore, 74% of the NPs were degraded and 38% of the Se was found in the leachate in non-NPs state. Conversely, POAMA-QDs were recovered to a larger extent (78.1%), and displayed a higher transport along the soil profile. Further experiments with altered NPs showed that homo-aggregation of the QDs prior injection determined a reduced mobility but no significant changes in their stability. Eventually, ageing of the NPs in the column (15 days) caused the disruption of up to 92% of the original QDs and the immobilization of NPs and metals. These results indicate that QDs will accumulate in top-soils, where transformations phenomena will determine the overall transport, persistency and degradation of these chemicals. Once accumulated, they may act as a source for potentially toxic Cd and Se metal species displaying enhanced mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Carboni
- Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, UMR 7154, CNRS, F-75005, Paris, France; Centre de Recherche et d'Enseignement de Géosciences de l'Environnement, Technopole Environnement Arbois-Mediterranee, BP80, 13545, Aix-en-Provence Cedex 04, Aix-en-Provence, France.
| | - A Gelabert
- Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, UMR 7154, CNRS, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - G Charron
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Univ. Paris Diderot, 75013, Paris, France
| | - S Faucher
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, Helioparc, 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, 64053, Pau, France
| | - G Lespes
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, Helioparc, 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, 64053, Pau, France
| | - Y Sivry
- Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, UMR 7154, CNRS, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - M F Benedetti
- Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, UMR 7154, CNRS, F-75005, Paris, France
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Perez M, Reynaud S, Lespes G, Potin-Gautier M, Mignard E, Chéry P, Schaumlöffel D, Grassl B. Development of a new passive sampler based on diffusive milligel beads for copper analysis in water. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 890:117-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Harguindeguy S, Crançon P, Pointurier F, Potin-Gautier M, Lespes G. Isotopic investigation of the colloidal mobility of depleted uranium in a podzolic soil. Chemosphere 2014; 103:343-348. [PMID: 24387914 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The mobility and colloidal migration of uranium were investigated in a soil where limited amounts of anthropogenic uranium (depleted in the 235U isotope) were deposited, adding to the naturally occurring uranium. The colloidal fraction was assumed to correspond to the operational fraction between 10 kDa and 1.2 μm after (ultra)filtration. Experimental leaching tests indicate that approximately 8-15% of uranium is desorbed from the soil. Significant enrichment of the leachate in the depleted uranium (DU) content indicates that uranium from recent anthropogenic DU deposit is weakly bound to soil aggregates and more mobile than geologically occurring natural uranium (NU). Moreover, 80% of uranium in leachates was located in the colloidal fractions. Nevertheless, the percentage of DU in the colloidal and dissolved fractions suggests that NU is mainly associated with the non-mobile coarser fractions of the soil. A field investigation revealed that the calculated percentages of DU in soil and groundwater samples result in the enhanced mobility of uranium downstream from the deposit area. Colloidal uranium represents between 10% and 32% of uranium in surface water and between 68% and 90% of uranium in groundwater where physicochemical parameters are similar to those of the leachates. Finally, as observed in batch leaching tests, the colloidal fractions of groundwater contain slightly less DU than the dissolved fraction, indicating that DU is primarily associated with macromolecules in dissolved fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Harguindeguy
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement, IPREM-UMR 5254 Pau, France; CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
| | - P Crançon
- CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France
| | | | - M Potin-Gautier
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement, IPREM-UMR 5254 Pau, France
| | - G Lespes
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement, IPREM-UMR 5254 Pau, France.
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Gigault J, Zhang W, Lespes G, Charleux B, Grassl B. Asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation analysis of water suspensions of polymer nanofibers synthesized via RAFT-mediated emulsion polymerization. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 819:116-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Schmitt C, Grassl B, Lespes G, Desbrières J, Pellerin V, Reynaud S, Gigault J, Hackley VA. Saponins: a renewable and biodegradable surfactant from its microwave-assisted extraction to the synthesis of monodisperse lattices. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:856-62. [PMID: 24443771 DOI: 10.1021/bm401708m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic surfactants are widely used in emulsion polymerization, but it is increasingly desirable to replace them with naturally derived molecules with a reduced environmental burden. This study demonstrates the use of saponins as biodegradable and renewable surfactants for emulsion polymerization. This chemical has been extracted from soapnuts by microwave assisted extraction and characterized in terms of surfactant properties prior to emulsion polymerization. The results in terms of particle size distribution and morphology control have been compared to those obtained with classical nonionic (NP40) or anionic (SDS) industrial surfactants. Microwave-extracted saponins were able to lead to latexes as stable as standard PS latex, as shown by the CMC and CCC measurements. The saponin-stabilized PS particles have been characterized in terms of particle size and distribution by Dynamic Light Scattering and Asymmetrical Flow Field Flow Fractionation. Monomodal and monodispersed particles ranging from 250 to 480 nm in terms of diameter with a particle size distribution below 1.03 have been synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Schmitt
- IPREM, UMR 5254, CNRS/UPPA, 2 av.Angot, 64053 Pau cedex 9, France
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Worms IAM, Al-Gorani Szigeti Z, Dubascoux S, Lespes G, Traber J, Sigg L, Slaveykova VI. Colloidal organic matter from wastewater treatment plant effluents: Characterization and role in metal distribution. Water Res 2010; 44:340-350. [PMID: 19836819 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2009.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2009] [Revised: 09/10/2009] [Accepted: 09/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal organic matter from wastewater treatment plants was characterized and examined with respect to its role in metal distribution by using tangential flow ultrafiltration, liquid chromatography coupled with organic carbon and UV detectors, and an asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AFlFFF) multidetection platform. Results revealed that a humic-like fraction of low aromaticity with an average molar mass ranging from 1600 to 2600Da was the main colloidal component. High molar mass fractions (HMM), with molar mass ranges between 20 and 200kDa, were present in lower proportions. Ag, Cd, Cu, Cr, Mn and Zn were found mainly in the dissolved phase (<0.45microm) and their distribution between colloidal and truly dissolved fractions was strongly influenced by the distribution of dissolved organic carbon. AFlFFF coupled to ICP-MS showed that Ag, Cd, Cu, Cr, Mn and Zn associate to the low molar mass fraction of the colloidal pool, whereas Al, Fe and Pb were equally bound to low and high molar mass fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle A M Worms
- Environmental Biophysical Chemistry, GR-SLV-IIE-ENAC, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 2, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Zuliani T, Lespes G, Milacic R, Scancar J. Development of the extraction method for the simultaneous determination of butyl-, phenyl- and octyltin compounds in sewage sludge. Talanta 2009; 80:1945-51. [PMID: 20152437 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2009.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2009] [Revised: 10/09/2009] [Accepted: 10/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The toxicity and bioaccumulation of organotin compounds (OTCs) led to the development of sensitive and selective analytical methods for their determination. In the past much attention was assigned to the study of OTCs in biological samples, water and sediments, coming mostly from marine environment. Little information about OTCs pollution of terrestrial ecosystems is available. In order to optimise the extraction method for simultaneous determination of butyl-, phenyl- and octyltin compounds in sewage sludge five different extractants (tetramethylammonium hydroxide, HCl in methanol, glacial acetic acid, mixture of acetic acid and methanol (3:1), and mixture of acetic acid, methanol and water (1:1:1)), the presence or not of a complexing agent (tropolone), and the use of different modes of extraction (mechanical stirring, microwave and ultrasonic assisted extraction) were tested. Extracted OTCs were derivatised with sodium tetraethylborate and determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer. Quantitative extraction of butyl-, phenyl- and octyltin compounds was obtained by the use of glacial acetic acid as extractant and mechanical stirring for 16h or sonication for 30 min. The limits of detection and quantification for OTCs investigated in sewage sludge were in the ng S ng(-1) range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tea Zuliani
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jozef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Dubascoux S, Lespes G, Denaix L, Gautier MP. Kinetic monitoring of trisubstituted organotins in soil after sewage sludge application. Appl Organomet Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.1421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Zuliani T, Lespes G, Milačič R, Ščančar J, Potin-Gautier M. Influence of the soil matrices on the analytical performance of headspace solid-phase microextraction for organotin analysis by gas chromatography-pulsed flame photometric detection. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1132:234-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2006] [Revised: 07/18/2006] [Accepted: 07/24/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Mzoughi N, Lespes G, Bravo M, Dachraoui M, Potin-Gautier M. Organotin speciation in Bizerte lagoon (Tunisia). Sci Total Environ 2005; 349:211-22. [PMID: 16198682 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2004] [Accepted: 12/22/2004] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, organotins have been assessed in samples collected from Bizerte lagoon, in Tunisia, during two seasons (summer and winter). The organotin distribution was studied in marine sediments and mussels tissues of this lagoon. Butyl-, phenyl- and octyltins were determined using a rapid speciation analytical method based on one-step ethylation/extraction with sodium tetraethylborate in aqueous phase. Simultaneously to the ethylation, the extraction was performed by either liquid/liquid extraction (LLE) or head-space solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME). Gas chromatography with pulsed flame photometric detection (GC-PFPD) was used to perform quantitative determination. The technique has been validated using biological and sediment reference materials. The different samples from Bizerte lagoon were found to be moderately contaminated, especially by butyltins. This pollution was attributed to industrial activities, which are very important in this area. Organotins appeared accumulated in both sediments and mussels, while significant degradations of triorganotins to monosubstituted ones was observed in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mzoughi
- Institut National des Sciences et Technologie de la Mer, Laboratoire Milieu Marin, Salammbô, Tunisie
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Bancon-Montigny C, Lespes G, Potin-Gautier M. Organotin survey in the Adour-Garonne basin. Water Res 2004; 38:933-946. [PMID: 14769413 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2003.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2003] [Revised: 09/26/2003] [Accepted: 10/24/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Organotin monitoring was performed in waters of 11 rivers of the southwest of France during a 9 months period, between February and October 2001. Surface sediments were studied during the summer. Eighteen sampling points were chosen as representative of specific industrial or agricultural activities. In most samples, organotins were detected and butyltins are the most frequently present, with concentrations ranging over 0.2-30 ng(Sn)/L. Phenyltins were detected especially in spring and at the end of summer, which corresponds to likely diffusion from agricultural sources. Some high butyl- and phenyltin concentrations up to 700 ng(Sn)/L occurred during the spring where pesticides for agricultural activities were largely used. Octyltins were present in water frequently as well, with lower concentrations, probably originating from continuous leaching of plastics. Sediments appeared contaminated by the same species, with higher monobutyltin concentrations of about 30-40 microg(Sn)/kg which shows the importance of biological degradations occurring in surface sediments. This non-pesticidal organotin compounds can also be introduced from leaching of organotin-stabilized PVC by water. Using the different organotin concentrations obtained and other physico-chemical parameters measured, such as temperature or water flow rate, a statistical study was performed by principal component analysis. The results obtained allow the main sources of organotin diffusion to be identified and the hydrological cycle of these compounds better understand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch Bancon-Montigny
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Bio-Inorganique et Environnment, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, UMR CNRS 5034, Av de l'Université, 64000 PAU, France
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Pouchan C, Lespes G, Dargelos A. Vibrational spectra of methylstannane: a molecular force field and dipole moment derivatives from ab initio second-order Moeller-Plesset calculations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100312a010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
The speciation of organotin compounds is essential due to the species-dependent toxicity, especially in natural waters. Precautions have to be taken during sampling and storage of waters in order to prevent degradations and losses. Experimental design methodology has been used to study the conditions of stability of organotins after water sampling in rivers. The modelling of results allows the determination of optimal conditions of preservation. After acidification at pH = 4 with nitric acid, the storage in polyethylene containers at 4 degrees C in the dark is suitable to preserve the most degradable trisubstituted (butyl- and phenyl-) species over 1 month. These conditions of sampling and storage are applied to two different freshwaters. The rate of species decomposition appears to be only dependent on the water nature, whatever the organotin concentrations in the sample. Speciation could be so preserved between 1 and 3 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bancon-Montigny
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement, UMR 5034, Université de Pau, Pays de l'Adour, Faculté des Sciences, Avenue de l'Université, 64000, Pau, France
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Bancon-Montigny C, Lespes G, Potin-Gautier M. Improved routine speciation of organotin compounds in environmental samples by pulsed flame photometric detection. J Chromatogr A 2000; 896:149-58. [PMID: 11093650 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00595-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The high toxicity of the organotin species requires sensitive analytical methods in order to understand the origins of pollution and perform monitoring programs in the water cycle. The optimisation of a new detection method, pulsed flame photometric detection (PFPD), is reported for the simultaneous determination of butyl-, phenyl- and octyltins. The methodology of the experimental designs at two levels was used. It allows the evaluation of the influence of the three gas flow-rates on the peak heights and resolution between the closest peaks obtained using two different wavelengths of detection (390 and 611 nm). The modelling of these two responses, according to second-order polynomials, leads to the precise adjustment of the operating conditions. PFPD has shown two significant improvements over conventional flame photometric detection: increased sensitivity (absolute detection limits: 0.07 to 2 pg as Sn) and greater selectivity, whatever the wavelength used. This new analytical process was validated by the analysis of certified reference material and spiked river water. It was used in routine analysis of environmental samples (wastewater, sludge, sand and oyster).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bancon-Montigny
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-Inorganique et Environnement, UMR 5034, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Pau, France
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Lespes G, Desauziers V, Montigny C, Potin-Gautier M. Optimization of solid-phase microextraction for the speciation of butyl- and phenyltins using experimental designs. J Chromatogr A 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(98)00716-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lespes G, Potin-Gautier M. Experimental designs in atomic absorption spectrometry: Application to the selenium determination (in French). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1051/analusis:199826080019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Carlier-Pinasseau C, Astruc A, Lespes G, Astruc M. Determination of butyl- and phenyltin compounds in biological material by gas chromatography-flame photometric detection after ethylation with sodium tetraethylborate. J Chromatogr A 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(96)00542-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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