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Kim S, Conrad JA, Tow GM, Maginn EJ, Boatz JA, Gordon MS. Intermolecular interactions in clusters of ethylammonium nitrate and 1-amino-1,2,3-triazole. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:30428-30457. [PMID: 37917371 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02407e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
The intermolecular interaction energies, including hydrogen bonds (H-bonds), of clusters of the ionic liquid ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) and 1-amino-1,2,3-triazole (1-AT) based deep eutectic propellants (DeEP) are examined. 1-AT is introduced as a neutral hydrogen bond donor (HBD) to EAN in order to form a eutectic mixture. The effective fragment potential (EFP) is used to examine the bonding interactions in the DeEP clusters. The resolution of the Identity (RI) approximated second order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (RI-MP2) and coupled cluster theory (RI-CCSD(T)) are used to validate the EFP results. The EFP method predicts that there are significant polarization and charge transfer effects in the EAN:1-AT complexes, along with Coulombic, dispersion and exchange repulsion interactions. The EFP interaction energies are in good agreement with the RI-MP2 and RI-CCSD(T) results. The quasi-atomic orbital (QUAO) bonding and kinetic bond order (KBO) analyses are additionally used to develop a conceptual and semi-quantitative understanding of the H-bonding interactions as a function of the size of the system. The QUAO and KBO analyses suggest that the H-bonds in the examined clusters follow the characteristic hydrogen bonding three-center four electron interactions. The strongest H-bonding interactions between the (EAN)1:(1-AT)n and (EAN)2:(1-AT)n (n = 1-5) complexes are observed internally within EAN; that is, between the ethylammonium cation [EA]+ and the nitrate anion ([NO3]-). The weakest H-bonding interactions occur between [NO3]- and 1-AT. Consequently, the average strengths of the H-bonds within a given (EAN)x:(1-AT)n complex decrease as more 1-AT molecules are introduced into the EAN monomer and EAN dimer. The QUAO bonding analysis suggests that 1-AT in (EAN)x:(1-AT)n can act as both a HBD and a hydrogen bond acceptor simultaneously. It is observed that two 1-AT molecules can form H-bonds to each other. Although the KBOs that correspond to H-bonding interactions in [EA]+:1-AT, [NO3]-:1-AT and between two 1-AT molecules are weaker than the H-bonds in EAN, those weak H-bond networks with 1-AT could be important to form a stable DeEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinae Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
- Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - Justin A Conrad
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
| | - Garrett M Tow
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Edward J Maginn
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Jerry A Boatz
- Aerospace Systems Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Edwards Air Force Base, California 93524, USA
| | - Mark S Gordon
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
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Galvez Vallejo JL, Tow GM, Maginn EJ, Pham BQ, Datta D, Gordon MS. Quantum Chemical Modeling of Propellant Degradation. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:1874-1882. [PMID: 36791340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c08722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
An ab initio quantum chemical approach for the modeling of propellant degradation is presented. Using state-of-the-art bonding analysis techniques and composite methods, a series of potential degradation reactions are devised for a sample hydroxyl-terminated-polybutadiene (HTPB) type solid fuel. By applying thermochemical procedures and isodesmic reactions, accurate thermochemical quantities are obtained using a modified G3 composite method based on the resolution of the identity. The calculated heats of formation for the different structures produced presents an ∼2 kcal/mol average error when compared against experimental values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L Galvez Vallejo
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50014, United States
| | - Garrett M Tow
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Edward J Maginn
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Buu Q Pham
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50014, United States
| | - Dipayan Datta
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50014, United States
| | - Mark S Gordon
- Department of Chemistry and Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50014, United States
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Tow GM, Larentzos JP, Sellers MS, Lísal M, Brennan JK. Predicting Melt Curves of Energetic Materials Using Molecular Models. Propellants Explo Pyrotec 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/prep.202100363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Garrett M. Tow
- U.S. Army DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory Aberdeen Proving Ground Maryland 21005 USA
| | - James P. Larentzos
- U.S. Army DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory Aberdeen Proving Ground Maryland 21005 USA
| | | | - Martin Lísal
- Department of Molecular and Mesoscopic Modelling The Czech Academy of Sciences Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals Prague 165 01 Czech Republic
- Department of Physics Faculty of Science Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem Ústí n. Lab. 400 96 Czech Republic
| | - John K. Brennan
- U.S. Army DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory Aberdeen Proving Ground Maryland 21005 USA
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Befort BJ, DeFever RS, Tow GM, Dowling AW, Maginn EJ. Machine Learning Directed Optimization of Classical Molecular Modeling Force Fields. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:4400-4414. [PMID: 34402301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Accurate force fields are necessary for predictive molecular simulations. However, developing force fields that accurately reproduce experimental properties is challenging. Here, we present a machine learning directed, multiobjective optimization workflow for force field parametrization that evaluates millions of prospective force field parameter sets while requiring only a small fraction of them to be tested with molecular simulations. We demonstrate the generality of the approach and identify multiple low-error parameter sets for two distinct test cases: simulations of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) and an ammonium perchlorate (AP) crystal phase. We discuss the challenges and implications of our force field optimization workflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridgette J Befort
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Ryan S DeFever
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Garrett M Tow
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Alexander W Dowling
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Edward J Maginn
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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Tow GM, Maginn EJ. Cross-Linking Methodology for Fully Atomistic Models of Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene and Determination of Mechanical Properties. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Garrett M. Tow
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Edward J. Maginn
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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Tow GM, Maginn EJ. Erratum: "Evaluating physical properties of the orthorhombic crystal phase of ammonium perchlorate using a Class II force field" [J. Chem. Phys. 149, 244502 (2018)]. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:169901. [PMID: 33940803 DOI: 10.1063/5.0053703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Garrett M Tow
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Edward J Maginn
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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Tow GM, Maginn EJ. Fully Atomistic Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene with Insights into Hydroxyl Aggregation. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Garrett M. Tow
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Edward J. Maginn
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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Tow GM, Maginn EJ. Evaluating physical properties of the orthorhombic crystal phase of ammonium perchlorate using a Class II force field. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:244502. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5054758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Garrett M. Tow
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Edward J. Maginn
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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Cao W, Lu L, Zhou M, Tow GM, Huang L, Yang T, Lu X. Hydrophilicity effect on CO2/CH4 separation using carbon nanotube membranes: insights from molecular simulation. Molecular Simulation 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2016.1267353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P.R.China
| | - Linghong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P.R.China
| | - Musen Zhou
- 2011 College, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P.R.China
| | - Garrett M. Tow
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Liangliang Huang
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Tingting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P.R.China
| | - Xiaohua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, P.R.China
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Garrett M. Tow
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Linghong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liangliang Huang
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA
| | - Xiaohua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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