1
|
Brek T, Gohal GA, Yasir M, Azhar EI, Al-Zahrani IA. Meningitis and Bacteremia by Unusual Serotype of Salmonella enterica Strain: A Whole Genome Analysis. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis 2024; 2024:3554734. [PMID: 38558876 PMCID: PMC10980553 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3554734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although meningitis caused by Salmonella species is relatively rare and accounts for <1% of the confirmed cases in neonates, it is associated with case complications and fatality rates up to 50-70% when compared to other forms of Gram-negative bacilli meningitis. Objectives We conducted an investigation into the first reported case of neonatal meningitis caused by nontyphoidal S. enterica in Jazan, a region in the southwestern part of Saudi Arabia. Methods CSF and blood culture were collected from a female neonate patient to confirm the presence of bacterial meningitis. WGS was conducted to find out the comprehensive genomic characterization of S. enterica isolate. Results A 3-week-old infant was admitted to a local hospital with fever, poor feeding, and hypoactivity. She was diagnosed with Salmonella meningitis and bacteremia caused by S. enterica, which was sensitive to all antimicrobials tested. WGS revealed the specific strain to be S. enterica serotype Johannesburg JZ01, belonging to ST515 and cgMLST 304742. Conclusions We presented a genomic report of rare case of NTS meningitis in an infant who is living in a rural town in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. Further research is required to understand the impact of host genetic factors on invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thamer Brek
- Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Public Health Laboratory, The Regional Laboratory and the Central Blood Bank, Jazan Health Directorate, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gassem A. Gohal
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Yasir
- Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit-Biosafety Level-3, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam I. Azhar
- Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit-Biosafety Level-3, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A. Al-Zahrani
- Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Special Infectious Agents Unit-Biosafety Level-3, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gohal GA, Majhali A, Moafa E, Talebi SH, Maashi BI, Mutaen A, Alhamdan WJ, Dighriri IM. Health-Related Quality of Life of Adolescents and Children With Type 1 Diabetes in the Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2024; 16:e53307. [PMID: 38435866 PMCID: PMC10906697 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is increasingly prevalent among Saudi Arabian youth, particularly in the Jazan region. This chronic condition necessitates lifelong insulin therapy and poses significant daily management challenges for affected adolescents. Despite the high incidence rates, there is a notable lack of research into how T1DM impacts the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of these individuals. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess HRQoL and its demographic correlates in T1DM patients in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 236 T1DM patients completed the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Diabetes Module 3.0 (PedsQL DM). The HRQoL across domains of diabetes symptoms, treatment barriers, adherence, worry, and communication was compared by gender, nationality, age, education, residence, and healthcare follow-up using t-tests and ANOVA. Multivariate regression identified predictors of overall HRQoL. RESULTS Most respondents were female (51.3%), 42.8% were between the ages of seven and 12 years, and 94.5% were Saudi nationals. Males reported better HRQoL than females, with fewer symptoms, treatment barriers, and better communication (all p<0.05). Non-Saudis had better treatment adherence, communication, and overall HRQoL than Saudis (all p<0.05). Older children (13-18 years) reported lower treatment barriers than younger children (three to six years) (p<0.05). Those with intermediate education had lower treatment barriers than those with preliminary education (p = 0.038). Only the female gender (-0.171, p = 0.009) independently predicted poorer overall HRQoL. CONCLUSION This study revealed disparities in HRQoL among T1DM children and adolescents. Males, non-Saudis, older children, and those with more education had better HRQoL. Females were at particular risk for poorer outcomes. Targeted interventions are needed to address this region's demographic disparities in diabetes-related HRQoL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gassem A Gohal
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Aqilah Majhali
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Esaam Moafa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Sarah H Talebi
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Bushra I Maashi
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Amani Mutaen
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Walaa J Alhamdan
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, POL
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Eltyeb EE, Gohal GA, Alhazmi NH, Hamdi S, Al Khairat LH, Shutayfi NA, Al-Khairat AH, Sumayli HA, Someli TA, Someli SA. The Efficacy of Educational Interventions in Improving School Teachers' Knowledge of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Cureus 2023; 15:e44509. [PMID: 37790024 PMCID: PMC10544566 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Well-trained primary school teachers should be competent in recognizing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in students and be able to assist in providing care and support. OBJECTIVES This study intends to assess primary school teachers' knowledge of ADHD and evaluate the effectiveness of a short-term educational intervention. Methods: A quasi-experimental quantitative study was conducted among primary school teachers in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. A two-hour educational intervention was designed and run in six schools using a specific knowledge rating scale before and after the application of the intervention. Results: A total of 150 primary school teachers were included in this study, of which 64% were males, 51.3% were in the age group of 40-49 years, and 28% had teaching experience of more than 20 years. Regarding ADHD knowledge, the pre-intervention knowledge of the general criteria, symptoms and diagnosis, and treatment was considered adequate in 3.3%, 16.7%, and 2.7% of the participants, respectively, which improved post-intervention to 22%, 54.7%, and 19.3%, respectively. There was a significant association between the pre-intervention knowledge of the general criteria and the gender and between the knowledge of symptoms and diagnosis and the attendance of ADHD workshop by the participants. Also, there was a significant association between the participants' age, residence experience, attendance of ADHD workshops, and the general criteria and treatment domains. CONCLUSIONS Most primary school teachers in Jazan have insufficient knowledge of ADHD. Using a knowledge improvement intervention can substantially improve the teachers' knowledge. Therefore, it is necessary to incorporate thoughtful knowledge improvement programs into the educational curricula for teachers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ebtihal E Eltyeb
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Gassem A Gohal
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Nirmin H Alhazmi
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Sulaiman Hamdi
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | | | - Nawaf A Shutayfi
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Alaa H Al-Khairat
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Halimah A Sumayli
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Taher A Someli
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| | - Sharifah A Someli
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gohal GA, Gosadi IM, Cittana Iqbal BA, Ghazwani YH, Daghriri AM, Shugairi AA, Daghriri KA, Zurayyir AJ, Nemri AA, Abdulhaq MA. Utilization of Hydroxyurea Among Patients Diagnosed with Sickle Cell Disease in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Patient Prefer Adherence 2022; 16:3059-3067. [PMID: 36387052 PMCID: PMC9653045 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s390568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The early diagnosis of sickle cell disease (SCD) patients and getting appropriate treatment are crucial for improving clinical outcomes. This study aims to assess the use of hydroxyurea among patients diagnosed with SCD and assess factors influencing the attitude toward the medication and the reasons for discontinuation. METHODS This study was a cross-sectional investigation targeting parents or caregivers of children diagnosed with SCD in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected from tertiary healthcare hospitals via a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire was composed of sections measuring the participants' demographics, the number of children diagnosed with SCD, the use of hydroxyurea, and the parents' beliefs about hydroxyurea. RESULTS There were 301 parents or caregivers recruited. The majority of the recruited participants were mothers (54.5%), and nearly half of the sample were older than 35. More than 80% of the participants declare that one or more of their children are receiving hydroxyurea to manage SCD. The majority of participants declared that using hydroxyurea reduced the frequency of body pain episodes, emergency department visits, and hospital admissions. Participants' major concern about the use of hydroxyurea was related to the fear of weakening their immunity (29.5%) and hydroxyurea's perceived effect on fertility (16.8%). Furthermore, 52 (18%) of the participants declared that the use of hydroxyurea to manage the disease was stopped; the main reasons for stopping was their belief that hydroxyurea had side effects and its impact on weakening of their immune system. CONCLUSION The findings indicate the importance of increasing the role of clinicians in educating patients and caregivers about the use of hydroxyurea and its benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gassem A Gohal
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim M Gosadi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Ibrahim M Gosadi, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 2349, Jazan, 82621, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966 562137711, Email
| | | | - Yahya H Ghazwani
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal M Daghriri
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad A Shugairi
- Department of Adult Hematology and Oncology, Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled A Daghriri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atyaf J Zurayyir
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrhman A Nemri
- Department of General Surgery, Security Force Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gosadi IM, Gohal GA, Dalak AE, Alnami AA, Aljabri NA, Zurayyir AJ. Assessment of Factors Associated with the Effectiveness of Premarital Screening for Hemoglobinopathies in the South of Saudi Arabia. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:3079-3086. [PMID: 34234536 PMCID: PMC8256091 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s321046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Southern region of Saudi Arabia has one of the highest prevalence of sickle cell disease and thalassemia in the kingdom. This study aims to assess the factors associated with the rejection of premarital clinical counselling in the Jazan region. Methods This is a cross-sectional investigation conducted in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. The investigation targeted subjects who performed premarital screening and, with their screened partners, were identified as high-risk couples and proceeded with their marriage. Data were collected via a web-based self-administered questionnaire. A section of the questionnaire targeted those who attended the premarital counselling clinic in the Jazan region and assessed the factors that led to the rejection of premarital counselling advice. Results A total of 413 participants were recruited. The mean age of the respondents was 33 years, and the majority of the respondents were female (62.5%). The majority of the respondents were related to their partners (66.8%) and were carriers of sickle cell disease (67.8%). Among the respondents, only 192 had attended premarital counselling clinics in the Jazan region. More than half of the attendees rejected the premarital counseling advice because they believed that their marriage was their unavoidable destiny. About 30% of the attendees reported that disease complications were not well explained during the counselling. Thirty-five attendees (18.2%) proceeded with the marriage because they thought the risk of transmitting the disease to their children was small and 10 attendees (5.2%) proceeded with their marriage because they believed their children’s lives would not be affected by the disease. Conclusion The findings explain the limited influence of the premarital counselling advice in raising the awareness of the attendees about inherited blood disorders. The findings indicate a strong cultural influence leading to the reduced effectiveness of premarital counselling in the Jazan region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim M Gosadi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gassem A Gohal
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Anas A Alnami
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|