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Lozano-Rodríguez R, Avendaño-Ortíz J, Terrón V, Montalbán-Hernández K, Casalvilla-Dueñas J, Bergón-Gutiérrez M, Mata-Martínez P, Martín-Quirós A, García-Garrido MÁ, del Balzo-Castillo Á, Peinado M, Gómez L, Llorente-Fernández I, Martín-Miguel G, Herrero-Benito C, López-Morejón L, Vela-Olmo C, Cubillos-Zapata C, López-Collazo E, del Fresno C. mRNA-1273 boost after BNT162b2 vaccination generates comparable SARS-CoV-2-specific functional responses in naïve and COVID-19-recovered individuals. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1136029. [PMID: 37153580 PMCID: PMC10160618 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1136029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 vaccines based on mRNA have represented a revolution in the biomedical research field. The initial two-dose vaccination schedule generates potent humoral and cellular responses, with a massive protective effect against severe COVID-19 and death. Months after this vaccination, levels of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 waned, and this promoted the recommendation of a third vaccination dose. Methods We have performed an integral and longitudinal study of the immunological responses triggered by the booster mRNA-1273 vaccination, in a cohort of health workers previously vaccinated with two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine at University Hospital La Paz located in Madrid, Spain. Circulating humoral responses and SARS-CoV-2-specific cellular reactions, after ex vivo restimulation of both T and B cells (cytokines production, proliferation, class switching), have been analyzed. Importantly, all along these studies, the analyses have been performed comparing naïve and subjects recovered from COVID-19, addressing the influence of a previous infection by SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, as the injection of the third vaccination dose was contemporary to the rise of the Omicron BA.1 variant of concern, T- and B-cell-mediated cellular responses have been comparatively analyzed in response to this variant. Results All these analyses indicated that differential responses to vaccination due to a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection were balanced following the boost. The increase in circulating humoral responses due to this booster dropped after 6 months, whereas T-cell-mediated responses were more stable along the time. Finally, all the analyzed immunological features were dampened in response to the Omicron variant of concern, particularly late after the booster vaccination. Conclusion This work represents a follow-up longitudinal study for almost 1.5 years, analyzing in an integral manner the immunological responses triggered by the prime-boost mRNA-based vaccination schedule against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Lozano-Rodríguez
- The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Avendaño-Ortíz
- The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Terrón
- The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karla Montalbán-Hernández
- The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Casalvilla-Dueñas
- The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Bergón-Gutiérrez
- The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Immunomodulation Laboratory, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Mata-Martínez
- The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Immunomodulation Laboratory, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Martín-Quirós
- Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel García-Garrido
- Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro del Balzo-Castillo
- The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Peinado
- Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Gómez
- Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Gema Martín-Miguel
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Herrero-Benito
- Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Carolina Cubillos-Zapata
- The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo López-Collazo
- The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Eduardo López-Collazo, ; Carlos del Fresno,
| | - Carlos del Fresno
- The Innate Immune Response Group, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- Immunomodulation Laboratory, Hospital la Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Eduardo López-Collazo, ; Carlos del Fresno,
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Lozano-Rodríguez R, Terrón-Arcos V, Montalbán-Hernández K, Casalvilla-Dueñas JC, Bergón-Gutierrez M, Pascual-Iglesias A, Quiroga JV, Aguirre LA, Pérez de Diego R, Vela-Olmo C, López-Morejón L, Martín-Quirós A, Del Balzo-Castillo Á, Peinado-Quesada MA, García-Garrido MA, Gómez-Lage L, Herrero-Benito C, Llorente-Fernández I, Martín-Miguel G, Torrejón M, Cubillos-Zapata C, Del Fresno C, Avendaño-Ortiz J, López-Collazo E. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection balances immune responses triggered by four EMA-approved COVID-19 vaccines: An observational study. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e869. [PMID: 35538923 PMCID: PMC9092002 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Lozano-Rodríguez
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Terrón-Arcos
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karla Montalbán-Hernández
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Carlos Casalvilla-Dueñas
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Bergón-Gutierrez
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Pascual-Iglesias
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Valentín Quiroga
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis A Aguirre
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Alejandro Martín-Quirós
- Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, IdiPAZ La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Del Balzo-Castillo
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, IdiPAZ La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - María A Peinado-Quesada
- Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, IdiPAZ La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A García-Garrido
- Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, IdiPAZ La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Gómez-Lage
- Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, IdiPAZ La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Herrero-Benito
- Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, IdiPAZ La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Carolina Cubillos-Zapata
- Respiratory Diseases Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Network Biomedical Research Center in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Del Fresno
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Avendaño-Ortiz
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo López-Collazo
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Tumour Immunology Lab, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Network Biomedical Research Center in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
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Lozano-Rodríguez R, Valentín-Quiroga J, Avendaño-Ortiz J, Martín-Quirós A, Pascual-Iglesias A, Terrón-Arcos V, Montalbán-Hernández K, Casalvilla-Dueñas JC, Bergón-Gutiérrez M, Alcamí J, García-Pérez J, Cascajero A, García-Garrido MÁ, Balzo-Castillo ÁD, Peinado M, Gómez L, Llorente-Fernández I, Martín-Miguel G, Herrero-Benito C, Benito JM, Rallón N, Vela-Olmo C, López-Morejón L, Cubillos-Zapata C, Aguirre LA, Fresno CD, López-Collazo E. Cellular and humoral functional responses after BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination differ longitudinally between naive and subjects recovered from COVID-19. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110235. [PMID: 34986327 PMCID: PMC8687760 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have analyzed BNT162b2 vaccine-induced immune responses in naive subjects and individuals recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), both soon after (14 days) and later after (almost 8 months) vaccination. Plasma spike (S)-specific immunoglobulins peak after one vaccine shot in individuals recovered from COVID-19, while a second dose is needed in naive subjects, although the latter group shows reduced levels all along the analyzed period. Despite how the neutralization capacity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mirrors this behavior early after vaccination, both groups show comparable neutralizing antibodies and S-specific B cell levels late post-vaccination. When studying cellular responses, naive individuals exhibit higher SARS-CoV-2-specific cytokine production, CD4+ T cell activation, and proliferation than do individuals recovered from COVID-19, with patent inverse correlations between humoral and cellular variables early post-vaccination. However, almost 8 months post-vaccination, SARS-CoV-2-specific responses are comparable between both groups. Our data indicate that a previous history of COVID-19 differentially determines the functional T and B cell-mediated responses to BNT162b2 vaccination over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Lozano-Rodríguez
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Valentín-Quiroga
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Avendaño-Ortiz
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Martín-Quirós
- Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, IdiPAZ La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Pascual-Iglesias
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Terrón-Arcos
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karla Montalbán-Hernández
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Carlos Casalvilla-Dueñas
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Bergón-Gutiérrez
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Alcamí
- AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit, National Microbiology Centre, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier García-Pérez
- AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit, National Microbiology Centre, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Cascajero
- AIDS Immunopathogenesis Unit, National Microbiology Centre, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel García-Garrido
- Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, IdiPAZ La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Del Balzo-Castillo
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, IdiPAZ La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Peinado
- Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, IdiPAZ La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Gómez
- Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, IdiPAZ La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Gema Martín-Miguel
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Herrero-Benito
- Emergency Department and Emergent Pathology Research Group, IdiPAZ La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Miguel Benito
- HIV and Viral Hepatitis Research Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Norma Rallón
- HIV and Viral Hepatitis Research Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| | | | | | - Carolina Cubillos-Zapata
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis A Aguirre
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Del Fresno
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eduardo López-Collazo
- The Innate Immune Response Group, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Tumor Immunology Laboratory, IdiPAZ, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.
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