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Deleanu M, Toma L, Sanda GM, Barbălată T, Niculescu LŞ, Sima AV, Deleanu C, Săcărescu L, Suciu A, Alexandru G, Crişan I, Popescu M, Stancu CS. Formulation of Phytosomes with Extracts of Ginger Rhizomes and Rosehips with Improved Bioavailability, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects In Vivo. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041066. [PMID: 37111552 PMCID: PMC10146199 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The poor water solubility of natural antioxidants restricts their bioavailability and therapeutic use. We aimed to develop a new phytosome formulation with active compounds from extracts of ginger (GINex) and rosehips (ROSAex) designed to increase their bioavailability, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The phytosomes (PHYTOGINROSA-PGR) were prepared from freeze-dried GINex, ROSAex and phosphatidylcholine (PC) in different mass ratios using the thin-layer hydration method. PGR was characterized for structure, size, zeta potential, and encapsulation efficiency. Results showed that PGR comprises several different populations of particles, their size increasing with ROSAex concentration, having a zeta potential of ~-21mV. The encapsulation efficiency of 6-gingerol and β-carotene was >80%. 31P NMR spectra showed that the shielding effect of the phosphorus atom in PC is proportional to the amount of ROSAex in PGR. PGR with a mass ratio GINex:ROSAex:PC-0.5:0.5:1 had the most effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in cultured human enterocytes. PGR-0.5:0.5:1 bioavailability and biodistribution were assessed in C57Bl/6J mice, and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated after administration by gavage to C57Bl/6J mice prior to LPS-induced systemic inflammation. Compared to extracts, PGR induced a 2.6-fold increase in 6-gingerol levels in plasma and over 40% in the liver and kidneys, in parallel with a 65% decrease in the stomach. PGR treatment of mice with systemic inflammation increased the sera antioxidant enzymes paraoxonase-1 and superoxide dismutase-2 and decreased the proinflammatory TNFα and IL-1β levels in the liver and small intestine. No toxicity was induced by PGR either in vitro or in vivo. In conclusion, the phytosome formulation of GINex and ROSAex we developed resulted in stable complexes for oral administration with increased bioavailability, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of their active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Deleanu
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8 B.P. Haşdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laura Toma
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8 B.P. Haşdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela Maria Sanda
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8 B.P. Haşdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Teodora Barbălată
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8 B.P. Haşdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Loredan Ştefan Niculescu
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8 B.P. Haşdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Volumnia Sima
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8 B.P. Haşdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Calin Deleanu
- “Costin D. Nenitescu” Institute of Organic and Supramolecular Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, 202B Splaiul Independenței Street, 060023 Bucharest, Romania
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Liviu Săcărescu
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandru Suciu
- Hofigal Export Import S.A., 2 Intrarea Serelor, 042124 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Georgeta Alexandru
- Hofigal Export Import S.A., 2 Intrarea Serelor, 042124 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iuliana Crişan
- Hofigal Export Import S.A., 2 Intrarea Serelor, 042124 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Popescu
- Hofigal Export Import S.A., 2 Intrarea Serelor, 042124 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Camelia Sorina Stancu
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8 B.P. Haşdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: (+4021)319-45-18
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Martonos CO, Damian A, Alexandru G, Viorel M, Rus V, Stan FG. Morphological and morphometrical aspects of intima and media of the common, external and internal iliac arteries in Chinchilla lanigera (Rodentia, Chinchillidae) bred in captivity. The European Zoological Journal 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2020.1815876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C. O. Martonos
- Department of Anatomy, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - A. Damian
- Department of Anatomy, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - G. Alexandru
- Department of Anatomy, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - M. Viorel
- Department of Histology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - V. Rus
- Department of Histology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - F. G. Stan
- Department of Anatomy, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Alexandru G, Uhlmann F, Mechtler K, Poupart MA, Nasmyth K. Phosphorylation of the cohesin subunit Scc1 by Polo/Cdc5 kinase regulates sister chromatid separation in yeast. Cell 2001; 105:459-72. [PMID: 11371343 DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
At the onset of anaphase, a caspase-related protease (separase) destroys the link between sister chromatids by cleaving the cohesin subunit Scc1. During most of the cell cycle, separase is kept inactive by binding to an inhibitory protein called securin. Separase activation requires proteolysis of securin, which is mediated by an ubiquitin protein ligase called the anaphase-promoting complex. Cells regulate anaphase entry by delaying securin ubiquitination until all chromosomes have attached to the mitotic spindle. Though no longer regulated by this mitotic surveillance mechanism, sister separation remains tightly cell cycle regulated in yeast mutants lacking securin. We show here that the Polo/Cdc5 kinase phosphorylates serine residues adjacent to Scc1 cleavage sites and strongly enhances their cleavage. Phosphorylation of separase recognition sites may be highly conserved and regulates sister chromatid separation independently of securin.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Alexandru
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Dr Bohr-Gasse 7, A-1030, Vienna, Austria
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Alexandru G, Zachariae W, Schleiffer A, Nasmyth K. Sister chromatid separation and chromosome re-duplication are regulated by different mechanisms in response to spindle damage. EMBO J 1999; 18:2707-21. [PMID: 10329618 PMCID: PMC1171353 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/18.10.2707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In yeast, anaphase entry depends on Pds1 proteolysis, while chromosome re-duplication in the subsequent S-phase involves degradation of mitotic cyclins such as Clb2. Sequential proteolysis of Pds1 and mitotic cyclins is mediated by the anaphase-promoting complex (APC). Lagging chromosomes or spindle damage are detected by surveillance mechanisms (checkpoints) which block anaphase onset, cytokinesis and DNA re-replication. Until now, the MAD and BUB genes implicated in this regulation were thought to function in a single pathway that blocks APC activity. We show that spindle damage blocks sister chromatid separation solely by inhibiting APCCdc20-dependent Pds1 proteolysis and that this process requires Mad2. Blocking APCCdh1-mediated Clb2 proteolysis and chromosome re-duplication does not require Mad2 but a different protein, Bub2. Our data imply that Mad1, Mad2, Mad3 and Bub1 regulate APCCdc20, whereas Bub2 regulates APCCdh1.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Alexandru
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 7, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
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Dumitrescu M, Gavrilă VR, Gavrilă LB, Gheţea L, Grecu C, Alexandru G, Talmaci-Basalic R, Stefan M, Petrescu A, Mihăescu G, Scorpan V, Bujorean V, Jacota A, Bucur E, Pascale F, Vior C, Gavrilă L. Biochemical and cytogenetical study of the mycoplasmal antigen and of the cyclophosphamide action in mammalians, in vivo. The action of some immunomodulatory antioxidants. Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol 1996; 55:225-39. [PMID: 9256024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
It was proved spectrophotometrically that Mycoplasma agalactiae antigen inoculated in vivo in sheep modifies the corresponding erythrocyte lysates reactivity toward methylene blue and neutral red and induces several types of chromosomal rearrangements. The treatment in vivo of sheep with an original preparation obtained from the Phaseolus vulgaris pods restores the erythrocyte lysates reactivity toward the two redox dyes and reduces the chromosomal abnormalities frequency induced by the mycoplasmal antigen. It was also demonstrated by optical and electronical microscopy that the Smise line mouse meiocytes exhibit chromosomal abnormalities induced by the cyclophosphamide treatment in vivo. In the case of concomitant treatment with the cyclophosphamide and C vitamin the same frequency of abnormalities was recorded as in the simple treatment with the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dumitrescu
- University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, General Genetics and Evolution Department, Romania
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Abstract
The authors used the empirical equations of mathematical modelling for the energy and protein balance simulation, with the view of calculating the body weight gain in broilers fed various diets. The results found by using the model were compared with the experimental data obtained by several authors. A standard deviation of +/- 1.20% and a mean error of +/- 0.28% and a mean error of +/- 0.28% which proved that the model average was a sufficient estimate of the experimental average were found. Furthermore, using the regression method, a significant correlation of variables was evidentiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Burlacu
- Institute of Biology and Animal Nutrition, Balstesti
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Suţeanu S, Rîndaşu G, Dănilă E, Ionescu-Pirvu V, Moangă M, Alexandru G. [Detection of rheumatoid factors with the "rheumatoid rosette" immunocytoadherence test]. Rev Med Interna Neurol Psihiatr Neurochir Dermatovenerol Med Interna 1975; 27:265-72. [PMID: 776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Suteanu S, Dănilă E, Ionescu-Pirvu V, Rindaşu G, Ciocan A, Steflea M, Alexandru G, Ciobanu V. [Our experience in the treatment of rheumatoid polyarthritis with Imuran and Proresid in outpatient units]. Med Interna (Bucur) 1973; 25:1491-7. [PMID: 4792568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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