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Haudecoeur R, Peuchmaur M, Pérès B, Rome M, Taïwe GS, Boumendjel A, Boucherle B. Traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of African Nauclea species: A review. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 212:106-136. [PMID: 29045823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOALOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Nauclea in Africa comprises seven species. Among them, N. latifolia, N. diderrichii and N. pobeguinii are widely used by the local population in traditional remedies. Preparation from various parts of plants (e.g. roots, bark, leaves) are indicated by traditional healers for a wide range of diseases including malaria, pain, digestive ailments or metabolic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was conducted on African species of the genus Nauclea using scientific databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed or SciFinder. Every document of ethnopharmacological, phytochemical or pharmacological relevance and written in English or French were analyzed. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The Nauclea genus is used as ethnomedicine all along sub-Saharan Africa. Several local populations consider Nauclea species as a major source of remedies for malaria. In this regard, two improved traditional medicines are currently under development using extracts from N. latifolia and N. pobeguinii. Concerning the chemical composition of the Nauclea genus, indoloquinolizidines alkaloids could be considered as the major class of compounds as they are reported in every analyzed Nauclea species, with numerous structures identified. Based on traditional indications a considerable amount of pharmacological studies were conducted to ensure activity and attempt to link them to the presence of particular compounds in plant extracts. CONCLUSION Many experimental studies using plant extracts of the African species of the genus Nauclea validate traditional indications (e.g. malaria and pain). However, bioactive compounds are rarely identified and therefore, there is a clear need for further evaluations as well as for toxicity experiments. The sustainability of these plants, especially of N. diderrichii, a threatened species, should be kept in mind to adapt local uses and preparation modes of traditional remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Haudecoeur
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble, France; CNRS, DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Marine Peuchmaur
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble, France; CNRS, DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Basile Pérès
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble, France; CNRS, DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Maxime Rome
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, SAJF UMS 3370, F-38041 Grenoble, France; CNRS, SAJF UMS 3370, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Ahcène Boumendjel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble, France; CNRS, DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Benjamin Boucherle
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble, France; CNRS, DPM UMR 5063, F-38041 Grenoble, France.
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Nghonjuyi NW, Tiambo CK, Taïwe GS, Toukala JP, Lisita F, Juliano RS, Kimbi HK. Acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies of three plants used in Cameroonian ethnoveterinary medicine: Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. (Xanthorrhoeaceae) leaves, Carica papaya L. (Caricaceae) seeds or leaves, and Mimosa pudica L. (Fabaceae) leaves in Kabir chicks. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 178:40-49. [PMID: 26657577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. (Xanthorrhoeaceae), Carica papaya L. (Caricaceae) and Mimosa pudica L. (Fabaceae) are widely used in the Cameroonian ethnoveterinary medicine as a panacea, and specifically for gastrointestinal disorders as well as an anthelmintic and antibacterial. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study evaluated the potential toxicity of the hydroalcoholic extracts of Aloe vera leaves, Carica papaya leaves or seeds, and Mimosa pudica leaves after acute and sub-chronic administration in chicks. MATERIALS AND METHODS For the acute toxicity test a single administration of each of the four hydroalcoholic extracts was given orally at doses ranging from 40 to 5120 mg/kg (n=5/group/sex). In the sub-chronic study, these extracts were given orally as a single administration to chicks at doses of 80, 160, 320 and 640 mg/kg/day for 42 days. The anti-angiogenic properties of these extracts (5-320 µg/mg) were investigated in the chick chorioallantoic membrane in vivo. RESULTS In the acute toxicity test, none of the four studied hydroalcoholic extracts induced mortality or significant behavioural changes. The sub-acute treatment with the four plant extracts did not alter either the body weight gain or the food and water consumption. However, the results indicated that Aloe vera leaf extract acute treatment by oral route at doses up to 2560 mg/kg did not produce death in 50% (5/10) of chicks during 24h or 14 days of observation, but 20% (2/10) chicks died. The haematological and biochemical analyses did not show significant differences in any of the parameters examined in female or male groups, with the exception of a transient rise in white blood cell counts at high doses (640 mg/kg). Additionally, these extracts did not have the potential for anti-angiogenic effects through the inhibition of neo-angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane in vivo. CONCLUSION The results showed that the therapeutic use of the hydroalcoholic extracts of Aloe vera leaves, Carica papaya leaves or seeds and Mimosa pudica leaves had very low toxicity in oral acute high dose administration and no toxicity in oral sub-chronic low dose administration and indicate that the plants could be considered safe for oral medication in chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ndaleh Wozerou Nghonjuyi
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63 Buea, South West Region, Cameroon
| | - Christian Keambou Tiambo
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63 Buea, South West Region, Cameroon
| | - Germain Sotoing Taïwe
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63 Buea, South West Region, Cameroon
| | - Jean Paul Toukala
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63 Buea, South West Region, Cameroon
| | - Frederico Lisita
- Embrapa Pantanal, CPAP, Rua 21 de setembro 1880, Nossa Senhora de Fátima, Caixa-Postal 109 Ramal, 79320-900 Corumba, MS, Brasil
| | - Raquel Soares Juliano
- Embrapa Pantanal, CPAP, Rua 21 de setembro 1880, Nossa Senhora de Fátima, Caixa-Postal 109 Ramal, 79320-900 Corumba, MS, Brasil
| | - Helen Kuokuo Kimbi
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63 Buea, South West Region, Cameroon.
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Romek KM, Nun P, Remaud GS, Silvestre V, Taïwe GS, Lecerf-Schmidt F, Boumendjel A, De Waard M, Robins RJ. A retro-biosynthetic approach to the prediction of biosynthetic pathways from position-specific isotope analysis as shown for tramadol. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:8296-301. [PMID: 26106160 PMCID: PMC4500278 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1506011112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tramadol, previously only known as a synthetic analgesic, has now been found in the bark and wood of roots of the African medicinal tree Nauclea latifolia. At present, no direct evidence is available as to the biosynthetic pathway of its unusual skeleton. To provide guidance as to possible biosynthetic precursors, we have adopted a novel approach of retro-biosynthesis based on the position-specific distribution of isotopes in the extracted compound. Relatively recent developments in isotope ratio monitoring by (13)C NMR spectrometry make possible the measurement of the nonstatistical position-specific natural abundance distribution of (13)C (δ(13)Ci) within the molecule with better than 1‰ precision. Very substantial variation in the (13)C positional distribution is found: between δ(13)Ci = -11 and -53‰. Distribution is not random and it is argued that the pattern observed can substantially be interpreted in relation to known causes of isotope fractionation in natural products. Thus, a plausible biosynthetic scheme based on sound biosynthetic principals of precursor-substrate relationships can be proposed. In addition, data obtained from the (18)O/(16)O ratios in the oxygen atoms of the compound add support to the deductions made from the carbon isotope analysis. This paper shows how the use of (13)C NMR at natural abundance can help with proposing a biosynthetic route to compounds newly found in nature or those difficult to tackle by conventional means.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna M Romek
- Elucidation of Biosynthesis by Isotopic Spectrometry Group, Interdisciplinary Chemistry: Synthesis, Analysis, Modeling, CNRS-University of Nantes Unité Mixte de Recherche 6230, F-44322 Nantes, France; Laboratory for Isotope Effects Studies, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Pierrick Nun
- Elucidation of Biosynthesis by Isotopic Spectrometry Group, Interdisciplinary Chemistry: Synthesis, Analysis, Modeling, CNRS-University of Nantes Unité Mixte de Recherche 6230, F-44322 Nantes, France
| | - Gérald S Remaud
- Elucidation of Biosynthesis by Isotopic Spectrometry Group, Interdisciplinary Chemistry: Synthesis, Analysis, Modeling, CNRS-University of Nantes Unité Mixte de Recherche 6230, F-44322 Nantes, France
| | - Virginie Silvestre
- Elucidation of Biosynthesis by Isotopic Spectrometry Group, Interdisciplinary Chemistry: Synthesis, Analysis, Modeling, CNRS-University of Nantes Unité Mixte de Recherche 6230, F-44322 Nantes, France
| | | | - Florine Lecerf-Schmidt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University Grenoble Alpes-CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 5063, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Ahcène Boumendjel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University Grenoble Alpes-CNRS Unité Mixte de Recherche 5063, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Michel De Waard
- Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, Unit Inserm U836, F-38700 La Tronche, France; University Joseph Fourier, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Richard J Robins
- Elucidation of Biosynthesis by Isotopic Spectrometry Group, Interdisciplinary Chemistry: Synthesis, Analysis, Modeling, CNRS-University of Nantes Unité Mixte de Recherche 6230, F-44322 Nantes, France;
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Bopda OSM, Longo F, Bella TN, Edzah PMO, Taïwe GS, Bilanda DC, Tom ENL, Kamtchouing P, Dimo T. Antihypertensive activities of the aqueous extract of Kalanchoe pinnata (Crassulaceae) in high salt-loaded rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2014; 153:400-407. [PMID: 24583107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The leaves of Kalanchoe pinnata (Crassulaceae) are used in Cameroon folk medicine to manage many diseases such as cardiovascular dysfunctions. In this work, we aimed to evaluate the activities of aqueous leaf extract of Kalanchoe pinnata on the blood pressure of normotensive rat (NTR) and salt hypertensive rats (SHR), as well as its antioxidant properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hypertension was induced in rats by oral administration of 18% NaCl for 4 weeks. For the preventive study, three groups of rats received 18% NaCl solution and the plant extract at 25 mg/kg/day, 50 mg/kg/day or 100 mg/kg/day by gavage. Two positive control groups received 18% NaCl solution and either spironolactone (0.71 mg/kg/day) or eupressyl (0.86 mg/kg/day) by gavage for 4 weeks. At the end of this experimental period, systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP) and heart rate (HR) were measured by the invasive method. Some oxidative stress biomarkers (reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric monoxide (NO) were evaluated in heart, aorta, liver and kidney. NO level was indirectly evaluated by measuring nitrite concentration. RESULTS Kalanchoe pinnata extract prevented significantly the increase of systolic and diastolic arterial pressures in high salt-loaded rats (SHR). In SHR, concomitant administration of Kalanchoe pinnata at 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day significantly prevented the increase in blood pressure by 32%, 24% and 47% (for SAP); 35%, 33% and 56% (for DAP), respectively. No significant change was recorded in heart rate of those rats. The plant extract improved antioxidant status in various organs, but more potently in aorta. Thus, antioxidant and modulatory effects of Kalanchoe pinnata at the vasculature might be of preponderant contribution to its overall antihypertensive activity. CONCLUSION The work demonstrated that the concomitant administration of high-salt and the aqueous extract of Kalanchoe pinnata elicits prevention of salt-induced hypertension in rat. This antihypertensive activity is associated with an improvement of antioxidant status. Overall, results justify and support the use of Kalanchoe pinnata as antihypertensive medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orelien Sylvain Mtopi Bopda
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63 Buea, Cameroon.
| | - Frida Longo
- Department of Biological Sciences, ENS, University of Yaounde, P.O. Box 3805 Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Thierry Ndzana Bella
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon.
| | | | - Germain Sotoing Taïwe
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63 Buea, Cameroon; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 836, LabEx Ion Channels, Science and Therapeutics, Grenoble Institut de Neurosciences, Université Joseph Fourier, Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, Site santé de la Tronche, P.O. Box 170, 38042 Cedex 9, Grenoble, France.
| | - Danielle Claude Bilanda
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon.
| | - Esther Ngo Lemba Tom
- Department of Biological Sciences, ENS, University of Yaounde, P.O. Box 3805 Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Pierre Kamtchouing
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon.
| | - Theophile Dimo
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon.
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Taïwe GS, Bum EN, Talla E, Dimo T, Dawe A, Sinniger V, Bonaz B, Boumendjel A, De Waard M. Nauclea latifolia Smith (Rubiaceae) exerts antinociceptive effects in neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve. J Ethnopharmacol 2013; 151:445-451. [PMID: 24263011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2013] [Revised: 10/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The roots of Nauclea latifolia Smith (Rubiaceae) popularly known as "koumkouma" is used in traditional Cameroonian medicine as neuropathic pain remedy and for the treatment of headache, inflammatory pain and convulsion. This study was conducted to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of the alkaloid fraction isolated from Nauclea latifolia in neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve in rat. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bioactive-guided fractionation of the root extracts of Nauclea latifolia using the Von Frey in a rat model of neuropathic pain (Benett model), afforded a potent anti-hyperalgesic fraction IV. Further fractionation of this fraction was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), yielded eight sub-fractions (F1-F8) which were tested for antinociceptive effects. The alkaloid fraction (F3) collected by HPLC, exhibited potent antinociceptive effects, and the anti-allodynic and anti-hyperalgesic effects of this fraction (8, 16, 40 and 80 mg/kg) were determined using the von Frey and acetone tests respectively in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Rota-rod performance and catalepsy tests were used for the assessment of motor coordination. RESULTS The alkaloid fraction (80 mg/kg) administered intraperitoneally induced a completely decreased hyperalgesia 90 min post-dosing. In the acetone test, the Nauclea latifolia fraction at 80mg/kg showed its maximal anti-allodynic effects 120 min post-injection. The areas under the curve (AUC) of the anti-allodynic or anti-hyperalgesic effects produced by the alkaloid fraction at 80 mg/kg were significantly (p<0.001) greater than the AUC of effects produced by vehicle in CCI rats. The alkaloid fraction did not exhibit any significant effects on the spontaneous locomotor activity of the mice in rota-rod performance and no sign of catalepsy was observed. CONCLUSION The analysis of the effects, expressed as the time course of AUC, supports the traditional use of Nauclea latifolia in neuropathic pain therapy. The pharmacological and chemical studies are continuing in order to characterize the mechanism(s) responsible for this anti-hyperalgesic and anti-allodynic action and also to identify the active substances present in the roots extracts of Nauclea latifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germain Sotoing Taïwe
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon; Unité Inserm U836, Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, Site santé de la Tronche, P.O. Box 170, 38042 Cedex 9 Grenoble, France; Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France.
| | - Elisabeth Ngo Bum
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454 Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Emmanuel Talla
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Théophile Dimo
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Amadou Dawe
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Valérie Sinniger
- Unité Inserm U836, Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, Site santé de la Tronche, P.O. Box 170, 38042 Cedex 9 Grenoble, France; Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Bruno Bonaz
- Unité Inserm U836, Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, Site santé de la Tronche, P.O. Box 170, 38042 Cedex 9 Grenoble, France; Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Ahcène Boumendjel
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France; Unité CNRS 5063, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, P.O. Box 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France; Smartox Biotechnologies, Floralis, Biopolis, 5 Avenue du Grand Sablon, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Michel De Waard
- Unité Inserm U836, Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, Site santé de la Tronche, P.O. Box 170, 38042 Cedex 9 Grenoble, France; Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France; Smartox Biotechnologies, Floralis, Biopolis, 5 Avenue du Grand Sablon, 38700 La Tronche, France
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Boumendjel A, Sotoing Taïwe G, Ngo Bum E, Chabrol T, Beney C, Sinniger V, Haudecoeur R, Marcourt L, Challal S, Ferreira Queiroz E, Souard F, Le Borgne M, Lomberget T, Depaulis A, Lavaud C, Robins R, Wolfender JL, Bonaz B, De Waard M. Occurrence of the synthetic analgesic tramadol in an African medicinal plant. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:11780-4. [PMID: 24014188 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201305697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahcène Boumendjel
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble (France); Unité CNRS 5063, Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire, Grenoble (France)
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Sotoing Taïwe G, Ngo Bum E, Talla E, Dawe A, Okomolo Moto FC, Temkou Ngoupaye G, Sidiki N, Dabole B, Djomeni Dzeufiet PD, Dimo T, De Waard M. Antipsychotic and sedative effects of the leaf extract of Crassocephalum bauchiense (Hutch.) Milne-Redh (Asteraceae) in rodents. J Ethnopharmacol 2012; 143:213-220. [PMID: 22750453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Crassocephalum bauchiense (Hutch.) Milne-Redh (Asteraceae) has been used as a medicine for the treatment of epilepsy, insomnia, dementia and psychotic disorders in Cameroonian traditional medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was designed to examine whether the aqueous extract and the alkaloid fraction prepared from the leaves of Crassocephalum bauchiense possess antipsychotic and sedative properties in rodents. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rectal temperature of mice was recorded with a probe thermometer at a constant depth. Novelty-induced rearing behavior is used to evaluate a central excitatory locomotor behavior in mice. The antipsychotic effects of the extracts were assessed using the apomorphine animal model of psychosis. The catalepsy test was tested based on the ability of the leaves extracts of Crassocephalum bauchiense to alter the duration of akinesia by placing the naive mice with both forelegs over a horizontal bar. The extracts of Crassocephalum bauchiense effects were evaluated on sodium pentobarbital-induced sleeping time. In addition, gamma-aminobutyric acid concentrations in the brain treated mice were also estimated. RESULTS The aqueous extract and the alkaloid fraction from Crassocephalum bauchiense caused dose-dependent inhibition of novelty-induced rearing behavior, decreased the apomorphine-induced stereotypy and fighting, and had significant fall of the body temperature. The aqueous extract prolonged the sodium pentobarbital sleeping time. This prolongation was not reversed by bicuculline, a light-sensitive competitive antagonist of GABA(A) receptors complex. However, the effect of the aqueous extract on sodium pentobarbital-induced sleeping time was blocked by N-methyl-β-carboline-3-carboxamide, a partial inverse agonist of the benzodiazepine site in the GABA(A) receptor complex and flumazenil, a specific antagonist of the benzodiazepine site in the GABAA receptor complex. In biochemical experiments, the concentration of the inhibitory amino acid, gamma-aminobutyric acid, was significantly increased in the brain of animals treated with the aqueous extract of Crassocephalum bauchiense and sodium valproate. CONCLUSIONS The results show that the antipsychotic and sedative properties of Crassocephalum bauchiense are possibly mediated via the blockade of dopamine D-2 receptors and GABAergic activation, respectively. However, pharmacological and chemical studies are continuing in order to characterize the mechanism(s) responsible for these neuropharmacological actions and also to identify the active substances present in the extracts of Crassocephalum bauchiense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germain Sotoing Taïwe
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63 Buea, Cameroon.
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Taïwe GS, Bum EN, Talla E, Dimo T, Sidiki N, Dawe A, Nguimbou RM, Dzeufiet PDD, De Waard M. Evaluation of antinociceptive effects of Crassocephalum bauchiense Hutch (Asteraceae) leaf extract in rodents. J Ethnopharmacol 2012; 141:234-241. [PMID: 22366677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The leaves of Crassocephalum bauchiense have long been used in traditional Cameroonian medicine for the treatment of epilepsy, pain, inflammatory disorders, arthritis and intestinal pain. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we attempted to identify the possible antinociceptive action of the aqueous extract and the alkaloid fraction prepared from the leaves of Crassocephalum baucheiense. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using acetic acid induced abdominal constrictions, formalin-, capsaisin- and glutamate-induced nociception, and hot plate assay procedures, the antinociceptive effects of the aqueous extract and the alkaloid fraction was assessed after oral administration in mice. Morphine sulfate was used as reference analgesic agent. Mice were submitted to the rota-rod task and open-field test in order to assess any non-specific muscle-relaxant or sedative effects of the extracts of Crassocephalum bauchiense. Male and female Swiss mice were used to assess acute toxicity of these extracts. RESULTS The aqueous extract and the alkaloid fraction of Crassocephalum bauchiense produced a significant antinociceptive effects in the acetic acid, formalin, glutamate, capsaicin and hot plate tests. These antinociceptive effects of Crassocephalum bauchiense were significantly attenuated by pretreatment with naloxone. The extracts of Crassocephalum bauchiense did not alter the locomotion of animals in the open-field or rotarod tests, which suggest a lack of a central depressant effect. The animals did not exhibit any acute toxicity to the aqueous extract and the alkaloid fraction, so it was not possible to calculate the LD(50). CONCLUSION The results confirm the popular use of Crassocephalum bauchiense as an antinociceptive, and contribute to the pharmacological knowledge of this species because it was shown that the aqueous extract and the alkaloid fraction of Crassocephalum bauchiense produced dose related antinociception in models of chemical and thermal nociception through mechanisms that involve an interaction with opioidergic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germain Sotoing Taïwe
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63 Buea, Cameroon. taiwe
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Taïwe GS, Bum EN, Talla E, Dimo T, Weiss N, Sidiki N, Dawe A, Moto FCO, Dzeufiet PD, De Waard M. Antipyretic and antinociceptive effects of Nauclea latifolia root decoction and possible mechanisms of action. Pharm Biol 2011; 49:15-25. [PMID: 20822326 PMCID: PMC3317381 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2010.492479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Nauclea latifolia Smith (Rubiaceae) is a small tree found in tropical areas in Africa. It is used in traditional medicine to treat malaria, epilepsy, anxiety, pain, fever, etc. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Nauclea latifolia roots decoction on the peripheral and central nervous systems and its possible mechanisms of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS The analgesic investigation was carried out against acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin-induced pain, hot-plate and tail immersion tests. The antipyretic activity was studied in Brewer's yeast-induced pyrexia in mice. Rota-rod test and bicuculline-induced hyperactivity were used for the assessment of locomotor activity. RESULTS Nauclea latifolia induced hypothermia and had antipyretic effects in mice. The plant decoction produced significant antinociceptive activity in all analgesia animal models used. The antinociceptive effect exhibited by the decoction in the formalin test was reversed by the systemic administration of naloxone, N(ω)-L-nitro-arginine methyl ester or glibenclamide. In contrast, theophylline did not reverse this effect. Nauclea latifolia (antinociceptive doses) did not exhibit a significant effect on motor coordination of the mice in Rota-rod performance. Nauclea latifolia protected mice against bicuculline-induced behavioral excitation. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Overall, these results demonstrate that the central and peripheral effects of Nauclea latifolia root decoction might partially or wholly be due to the stimulation of peripheric opioid receptors through the action of the nitric oxide/cyclic monophosphate guanosin/triphosphate adenosine (NO/cGMP/ATP)-sensitive- K(+) channel pathway and/or facilitation of the GABAergic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germain Sotoing Taïwe
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.
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