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Abstract
Microfluidic-based fluorescent exclusion method allows to tackle the issue of neuronal growth from a volume perspective. Based on this technology, we studied the two main actin-rich structures accompanying the early stages of neuron development, i.e. growth cones, located at the tip of growing neuronal processes, and propagative actin waves. Our work reveals that growth cones tend to loose volume during their forward motion, as do actin waves during their journey from the cell body to the tip of neuronal processes, before the total transfer of their remaining volume to the growth cone. Actin waves seem thus to supply material to increasingly distant growth cones as neurons develop. In addition, our work may suggest the existence of a membrane recycling phenomena associated to actin waves as a pulsatile anterograde source of material and by a continuous retrograde transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Braïni
- Physico-Chimie Curie, CNRS UMR 168, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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Tomba C, Braïni C, Bugnicourt G, Cohen F, Friedrich BM, Gov NS, Villard C. Geometrical Determinants of Neuronal Actin Waves. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:86. [PMID: 28424590 PMCID: PMC5372798 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal neurons produce in their early stages of growth propagative, actin-rich dynamical structures called actin waves. The directional motion of actin waves from the soma to the tip of neuronal extensions has been associated with net forward growth, and ultimately with the specification of neurites into axon and dendrites. Here, geometrical cues are used to control actin wave dynamics by constraining neurons on adhesive stripes of various widths. A key observable, the average time between the production of consecutive actin waves, or mean inter-wave interval (IWI), was identified. It scales with the neurite width, and more precisely with the width of the proximal segment close to the soma. In addition, the IWI is independent of the total number of neurites. These two results suggest a mechanistic model of actin wave production, by which the material conveyed by actin waves is assembled in the soma until it reaches the threshold leading to the initiation and propagation of a new actin wave. Based on these observations, we formulate a predictive theoretical description of actin wave-driven neuronal growth and polarization, which consistently accounts for different sets of experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Tomba
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut NéelGrenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Technologies de la Microélectronique, CEA-LETIGrenoble, France
| | - Céline Braïni
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut NéelGrenoble, France.,Laboratoire PhysicoChimie Curie, Institut Curie, Pierre-Gilles de Gennes Institute for Microfluidics, CNRS, PSL Research UniversityParis, France
| | - Ghislain Bugnicourt
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut NéelGrenoble, France
| | - Floriane Cohen
- Laboratoire PhysicoChimie Curie, Institut Curie, Pierre-Gilles de Gennes Institute for Microfluidics, CNRS, PSL Research UniversityParis, France
| | - Benjamin M Friedrich
- Biological Algorithms Group, Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische Universität DresdenDresden, Germany
| | - Nir S Gov
- Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot, Israel
| | - Catherine Villard
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut NéelGrenoble, France.,Laboratoire PhysicoChimie Curie, Institut Curie, Pierre-Gilles de Gennes Institute for Microfluidics, CNRS, PSL Research UniversityParis, France
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Strale PO, Azioune A, Bugnicourt G, Lecomte Y, Chahid M, Studer V. Multiprotein Printing by Light-Induced Molecular Adsorption. Adv Mater 2016; 28:2024-9. [PMID: 26689426 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201504154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Light-induced molecular adsorption of proteins (LIMAP) allows for quantitative sub-micrometer-resolution printing of multiple biomolecules. Surface-bound gradients are patterned within minutes over an entire glass cover-slip. LIMAP is used to perform selective immuno-assays, to dynamically control the adhesion of individual cells, and to achieve hierarchical co-cultures instrumental for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Olivier Strale
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, University of Bordeaux, F-33077, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5297, F-33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ammar Azioune
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, University of Bordeaux, F-33077, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5297, F-33077, Bordeaux, France
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biotechnologie, Université Ali Mendjeli, BP E66, 25100, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Ghislain Bugnicourt
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, University of Bordeaux, F-33077, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5297, F-33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Yohan Lecomte
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, University of Bordeaux, F-33077, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5297, F-33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Makhlad Chahid
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, University of Bordeaux, F-33077, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5297, F-33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Vincent Studer
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, University of Bordeaux, F-33077, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5297, F-33077, Bordeaux, France
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Abstract
Neurons are sensitive to topographical cues provided either by in vivo or in vitro environments on the micrometric scale. We have explored the role of randomly distributed silicon nanopillars on primary hippocampal neurite elongation and axonal differentiation. We observed that neurons adhere on the upper part of nanopillars with a typical distance between adhesion points of about 500 nm. These neurons produce fewer neurites, elongate faster, and differentiate an axon earlier than those grown on flat silicon surfaces. Moreover, when confronted with a differential surface topography, neurons specify an axon preferentially on nanopillars. As a whole, these results highlight the influence of the physical environment in many aspects of neuronal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghislain Bugnicourt
- Institut Néel, Université Grenoble-Alpes , F-38042 Grenoble, France and Institut Néel/CRETA, CNRS , F-38042 Grenoble, France
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Roth S, Bisbal M, Brocard J, Bugnicourt G, Saoudi Y, Andrieux A, Gory-Fauré S, Villard C. How morphological constraints affect axonal polarity in mouse neurons. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33623. [PMID: 22457779 PMCID: PMC3310070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal differentiation is under the tight control of both biochemical and physical information arising from neighboring cells and micro-environment. Here we wished to assay how external geometrical constraints applied to the cell body and/or the neurites of hippocampal neurons may modulate axonal polarization in vitro. Through the use of a panel of non-specific poly-L-lysine micropatterns, we manipulated the neuronal shape. By applying geometrical constraints on the cell body we provided evidence that centrosome location was not predictive of axonal polarization but rather follows axonal fate. When the geometrical constraints were applied to the neurites trajectories we demonstrated that axonal specification was inhibited by curved lines. Altogether these results indicated that intrinsic mechanical tensions occur during neuritic growth and that maximal tension was developed by the axon and expressed on straight trajectories. The strong inhibitory effect of curved lines on axon specification was further demonstrated by their ability to prevent formation of multiple axons normally induced by cytochalasin or taxol treatments. Finally we provided evidence that microtubules were involved in the tension-mediated axonal polarization, acting as curvature sensors during neuronal differentiation. Thus, biomechanics coupled to physical constraints might be the first level of regulation during neuronal development, primary to biochemical and guidance regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Roth
- Institut Néel and Consortium de Recherche pour l'Emergence des Technologies Avancées, CNRS & Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U836-GIN; Commissariat Energie Atomique, iRTSV-GPC, Grenoble, France
| | - Mariano Bisbal
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U836-GIN; Commissariat Energie Atomique, iRTSV-GPC, Grenoble, France
| | - Jacques Brocard
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U836-GIN; Commissariat Energie Atomique, iRTSV-GPC, Grenoble, France
| | - Ghislain Bugnicourt
- Institut Néel and Consortium de Recherche pour l'Emergence des Technologies Avancées, CNRS & Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U836-GIN; Commissariat Energie Atomique, iRTSV-GPC, Grenoble, France
| | - Yasmina Saoudi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U836-GIN; Commissariat Energie Atomique, iRTSV-GPC, Grenoble, France
| | - Annie Andrieux
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U836-GIN; Commissariat Energie Atomique, iRTSV-GPC, Grenoble, France
- * E-mail: (SG-F); (AA); (CV)
| | - Sylvie Gory-Fauré
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U836-GIN; Commissariat Energie Atomique, iRTSV-GPC, Grenoble, France
- * E-mail: (SG-F); (AA); (CV)
| | - Catherine Villard
- Institut Néel and Consortium de Recherche pour l'Emergence des Technologies Avancées, CNRS & Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
- * E-mail: (SG-F); (AA); (CV)
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Roth S, Bugnicourt G, Bisbal M, Gory-Fauré S, Brocard J, Villard C. Neuronal architectures with axo-dendritic polarity above silicon nanowires. Small 2012; 8:671-675. [PMID: 22228548 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201102325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
An approach is developped to gain control over the polarity of neuronal networks at the cellular level by physically constraining cell development by the use of micropatterns. It is demonstrated that the position and path of individual axons, the cell extension that propagates the neuron output signal, can be chosen with a success rate higher than 85%. This allows the design of small living computational blocks above silicon nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Roth
- Institut Néel, Consortium de Recherches, pour l'Emergence des Technologies Avancées, CNRS et Université Joseph Fourier, BP 166, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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