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Viola E, Donzello MP, Testani S, Luccisano G, Astolfi ML, Rizzoli C, Cong L, Mannina L, Ercolani C, Kadish KM. Tetra-2,3-pyrazinoporphyrazines with Peripherally Appended Pyridine Rings. 19. Pentanuclear Octa(2-pyridyl)tetrapyrazinoporphyrazines Carrying Externally Carboranthiolate Groups: Physicochemical Properties and Potentialities as Anticancer Drugs. Inorg Chem 2018; 58:1120-1133. [PMID: 30596493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
New pentanuclear porphyrazine complexes of formula [{Pd(CBT)2}4LM]· xH2O (L = tetrakis-2,3-[5,6-di(2-pyridyl)pyrazino]porphyrazinato anion, CBT = m-carborane-1-thiolate, and M = MgII(H2O), ZnII, PdII) were prepared in good yield as dark green hydrated amorphous solids by reaction of the respective pentanuclear species [(PdCl2)4LM] with m-carboran-1-thiol in CH3CN. Physicochemical characterization of the new species was carried out by elemental and thermogravimetric analysis along with IR and 1H/13C NMR measurements. UV-vis spectral characterization performed in DMSO, DMF, and pyridine solution provided information about the stability of the new homo/heteropentanuclear species and their tendency to undergo detachment of the peripheral Pd(CBT)2 groups. The data from NMR, UV-vis, and electrochemical experiments indicate that external coordination of the Pd(CBT)2 units to the mononuclear [LM] species affects only slightly the π electron distribution within the internal macrocyclic choromophore. The Pd(CBT)2 units are released in pyridine solution and in the case of the ZnII complex [{Pd(CBT)2}4LZn] give rise to a finely crystalline light-yellow solid identified by single-crystal X-ray work as the trans isomer of the bispyridine adduct [py2(CBT)2Pd]. The new pentanuclear macrocyclic complexes behave in DMF solution as active photosensitizers for singlet oxygen production, 1O2, the cytotoxic agent in anticancer photodynamic therapy, and have larger quantum yield values (ΦΔ = 0.6-0.7) than those found on average for the related tetrapyrazinoporphyrazine analogs (ΦΔ = 0.4-0.6). The presence of the CBT groups in the currently investigated complexes opens up the possibility for their use in boron neutron capture therapy, leading potentially to new bimodal anticancer curative drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Viola
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Roma Sapienza , P. le A. Moro 5 , I-00185 Rome , Italy
| | - Maria Pia Donzello
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Roma Sapienza , P. le A. Moro 5 , I-00185 Rome , Italy
| | - Silvia Testani
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Roma Sapienza , P. le A. Moro 5 , I-00185 Rome , Italy
| | - Giulia Luccisano
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Roma Sapienza , P. le A. Moro 5 , I-00185 Rome , Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Astolfi
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Roma Sapienza , P. le A. Moro 5 , I-00185 Rome , Italy
| | - Corrado Rizzoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale , Università di Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A , I-43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Lei Cong
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Luisa Mannina
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco , Università di Roma Sapienza , P. le A. Moro 5 , I-00185 Rome , Italy
| | - Claudio Ercolani
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università di Roma Sapienza , P. le A. Moro 5 , I-00185 Rome , Italy
| | - Karl M Kadish
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
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