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Bales GT. EDITORIAL COMMENT. Urology 2020; 136:255-256. [PMID: 32033676 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory T Bales
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Kang A, Aizen JM, Cohen AJ, Bales GT, Pariser JJ. Techniques and considerations of prosthetic surgery after phalloplasty in the transgender male. Transl Androl Urol 2019; 8:273-282. [PMID: 31380234 PMCID: PMC6626310 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2019.06.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
For many transgender males, "lower" or "bottom" surgery (the construction of a phallus and scrotum) is the definitive step in their surgical journey for gender affirmation. The implantation of penile and testicular prostheses is often the final anatomic addition and serves to add both functionality and aesthetics to the reconstruction. However, with markedly distinctive anatomy from cis-gender men, the implantation of prostheses designed for cis-male genitalia poses a significant surgical challenge for the reconstructive urologist. The surgical techniques for these procedures remain in their infancy. Implantation of devices originally engineered for cis-men is an imperfect solution but not insurmountable if approached with ingenuity, patience, and persistence. Urologists and patients undergoing implantation should be aware of the high complication rates associated with these procedures as well as the current uncertainty of long-term outcomes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the perioperative considerations, adaptive surgical techniques, and unique complications of penile and testicular prosthetic implantation in transgender men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audry Kang
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joshua M. Aizen
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew J. Cohen
- Department of Urology, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gregory T. Bales
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joseph J. Pariser
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Bales GT. EDITORIAL COMMENT. Urology 2019; 123:257. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Boysen WR, Bales GT. The Role of Chemical Sphincterotomy with Urethral Botulinum Toxin Injection in Patients with Neurogenic and Non-neurogenic Failure to Empty. Curr Bladder Dysfunct Rep 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11884-018-0478-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Adamsky MA, Boysen WR, Cohen AJ, Ham S, Dmochowski RR, Faris SF, Bales GT, Cohn JA. Evaluating the Role of Postoperative Oral Antibiotic Administration in Artificial Urinary Sphincter and Inflatable Penile Prosthesis Explantation: A Nationwide Analysis. Urology 2017; 111:92-98. [PMID: 28964819 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2017.07.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether postoperative oral antibiotics are associated with decreased risk of explantation following artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) or inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) placement. Although frequently prescribed, the role of postoperative oral antibiotics in preventing AUS or IPP explantation is unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS We queried the MarketScan database to identify male patients undergoing AUS or IPP placement between 2003 and 2014. The primary end point was device explantation within 3 months of placement. Multivariate regression analysis controlling for clinical risk factors assessed the impact of postoperative oral antibiotic administration on explant rates. RESULTS We identified 10,847 and 3594 men who underwent IPP and AUS placement, respectively, between 2003 and 2014. Postoperative oral antibiotics were prescribed to 60.6% of patients following IPP placement and 61.1% of patients following AUS placement. The most frequently prescribed antibiotics were fluoroquinolones (35.6%), cephalexin (17.7%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (7.0%), and amoxicillin-clavulanate (3.2%). Explant rates did not differ based upon receipt of oral antibiotics (antibiotics vs no antibiotics: IPP: 2.2% vs 1.9%, P = .18, AUS: 3.9% vs 4.0%, P = .94). On multivariate analysis, no individual class of antibiotic was associated with decreased odds of device explantation. CONCLUSION Postoperative oral antibiotics are prescribed to nearly two-thirds of patients but are not associated with reduced odds of explant following IPP or AUS placement. Given the risks to individuals associated with use of antibiotics and increasing bacterial resistance, the role of oral antibiotics after prosthetic placement should be reconsidered and further studied in a prospective fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew J Cohen
- Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Sandra Ham
- Center for Health and the Social Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Roger R Dmochowski
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Sarah F Faris
- Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Gregory T Bales
- Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Joshua A Cohn
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Urology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA; Division of Urology and Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA.
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Boysen WR, Adamsky MA, Cohen AJ, Rodriguez J, Ham S, Dmochowski R, Faris SF, Bales GT, Cohn JA. MP25-15 FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH INFLATABLE PENILE PROSTHESIS (IPP) EXPLANTATION: EVALUATING THE ROLE FOR POSTOPERATIVE ORAL ANTIBIOTICS ADMINISTRATION. J Urol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2017.02.765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Cameron AP, Campeau L, Brucker BM, Clemens JQ, Bales GT, Albo ME, Kennelly MJ. Best practice policy statement on urodynamic antibiotic prophylaxis in the non-index patient. Neurourol Urodyn 2017; 36:915-926. [PMID: 28345769 DOI: 10.1002/nau.23253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Antibiotic prophylaxis before urodynamic testing (UDS) is widely utilized to prevent urinary tract infection (UTI) with only limited guidance. The Society of Urodynamics, Female Pelvic Medicine, and Urogenital Reconstruction (SUFU) convened a Best Practice Policy Panel to formulate recommendations on the urodynamic antibiotic prophylaxis in the non-index patient. METHODS Recommendations are based on a literature review and the Panel's expert opinion, with all recommendations graded using the Oxford grading system. RESULTS All patients should be screened for symptoms of UTI and undergo dipstick urinalysis. If the clinician suspects a UTI, the UDS should be postponed until it has been treated. The first choice for prophylaxis is a single oral dose of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole before UDS, with alternative antibiotics chosen in case of allergy or intolerance. Individuals who do NOT require routine antibiotic prophylaxis include those without known relevant genitourinary anomalies, diabetics, those with prior genitourinary surgery, a history of recurrent UTI, post-menopausal women, recently hospitalized patients, patients with cardiac valvular disease, nutritional deficiencies or obesity. Identified risk factors that increase the potential for UTI following UDS and for which the panel recommends peri-procedure antibiotics include: known relevant neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction, elevated PVR, asymptomatic bacteriuria, immunosuppression, age over 70, and patients with any indwelling catheter, external urinary collection device, or performing intermittent catheterization. Patients with orthopedic implants have a separate risk stratification. CONCLUSIONS These recommendations can assist urodynamic providers in the appropriate use of antibiotics for UDS testing. Clinical judgment of the provider must always be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne P Cameron
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Benjamin M Brucker
- New York Langone Medical Center, NYU Urology Associates, New York, New York
| | | | - Gregory T Bales
- Section of Urology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael E Albo
- Division of Urology, UCSD Medical Center, San Diego, California
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Malik RD, Cohn JA, Fedunok PA, Chung DE, Bales GT. Assessing variability of the 24-hour pad weight test in men with post-prostatectomy incontinence. Int Braz J Urol 2017; 42:327-33. [PMID: 27256187 PMCID: PMC4871394 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2014.0506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Decision-making regarding surgery for post-prostatectomy incontinence (PPI) is challenging. The 24-hour pad weight test is commonly used to objectively quantify PPI. However, pad weight may vary based upon activity level. We aimed to quantify variability in pad weights based upon patient-reported activity. Materials and Methods: 25 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy were prospectively enrolled. All patients demonstrated clinical stress urinary incontinence without clinical urgency urinary incontinence. On three consecutive alternating days, patients submitted 24-hour pad weights along with a short survey documenting activity level and number of pads used. Results: Pad weights collected across the three days were well correlated to the individual (ICC 0.85 (95% CI 0.74–0.93), p<0.001). The mean difference between the minimum pad weight leakage and maximum leakage per patient was 133.4g (95% CI 80.4–186.5). The mean increase in 24-hour leakage for a one-point increase in self-reported activity level was 118.0g (95% CI 74.3–161.7, p<0.001). Pad weights also varied significantly when self-reported activity levels did not differ (mean difference 51.2g (95% CI 30.3–72.1), p<0.001). Conclusions: 24-hour pad weight leakage may vary significantly on different days of collection. This variation is more pronounced with changes in activity level. Taking into account patient activity level may enhance the predictive value of pad weight testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rena D Malik
- University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joshua A Cohn
- University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Doreen E Chung
- University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Mount Sinai Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
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Cohen AJ, Bhanvadia RR, Pariser JJ, Hatcher DM, Gottlieb LJ, Bales GT. Novel Technique for Proximal Bone Anchoring of Penile Prosthesis After Radial Forearm Free Flap Neophallus. Urology 2017; 105:2-5. [PMID: 28163085 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe outcomes of bone anchoring of penile implant in a neophallus with an accompanying video focusing on operative technique and salient tips for surgeons performing these procedures. Penile prosthesis insertion allows individuals with a neophallus to achieve erectile function. Lack of corporal bodies to accommodate cylinders makes anchoring of any prosthesis challenging. Anchoring the device to the pubic bone is one strategy to achieve proximal stabilization. METHODS A single-institution, retrospective chart review of 10 neophallus patients undergoing penile prosthesis placement from 2006 to 2015 was done. The pubic symphysis is exposed and corticotomy created for placement of the rear tip extender of the implant using a Stryker TPS bone drill. Anchoring sutures through the corticotomy defect, rear tip, and proximal cylinder seat the implant. The remainder of the implantation procedure mirrors that used in native tissue. RESULTS The overall perioperative complication rate was 20%, with a mean follow-up of 49 months. Seventy percent of the patients required reoperation, with a mean of 1.4 prosthesis revision surgeries per patient. Primary causes of revision included infection, poor fixation of the rear tip, and prosthesis failure. Despite high revision rates, 80% of the patients have fully functioning prosthesis as of last follow-up. Limitations include retrospective study design and the small patient cohort. CONCLUSION Penile prosthesis placement in the neophallus is feasible and effective. A bone-anchored rear tip is an option to provide proximal stabilization. Continued efforts to minimize the need for revisions are ongoing and necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Cohen
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.
| | - Raj R Bhanvadia
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Joseph J Pariser
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - David M Hatcher
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Lawrence J Gottlieb
- Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Gregory T Bales
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Packiam VT, Agrawal VA, Cohen AJ, Pariser JJ, Johnson SC, Bales GT, Smith ND, Steinberg GD. Lessons from 151 ureteral reimplantations for postcystectomy ureteroenteric strictures: A single-center experience over a decade. Urol Oncol 2016; 35:112.e19-112.e25. [PMID: 27825514 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ureteroenteric anastomotic strictures are common after cystectomy with urinary diversion. Endoscopic treatments have poor long-term success, although ureteral reimplantation is associated with morbidity. Predictors of successful open repair are poorly defined. Our objective was to characterize outcomes of ureteral reimplantation after cystectomy and identify risk factors for stricture recurrence. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective review of 124 consecutive patients with a total of 151 open ureteral reimplantations for postcystectomy ureteroenteric strictures between January 2006 and December 2015. Baseline clinicopathologic characteristics and perioperative outcomes were examined. Predictors for stricture recurrence were assessed by univariable testing and univariate Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS Most patients underwent preoperative drainage by percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN; 43%) or percutaneous nephroureterostomy (PCNU; 44%). Major iatrogenic injuries included enterotomies requiring bowel anastomosis (3.2%) and major vascular injuries (2.4%). Overall, 60 (48%) patients suffered 90-day complications, of which 15 (12%) patients had high-grade complications. Median length of stay was 6 days [interquartile range: 5, 8] and median follow-up was 21 months [interquartile range: 5, 43]. The overall success rate per ureter was 93.4%. On univariate analysis, the only significant predictor of stricture recurrence was preoperative PCNU placement compared with PCN placement or no drainage (success rates: 85.5% vs. 98.9%, respectively, P = 0.002). Cox proportional hazards regression demonstrated that preoperative PCNU placement yielded a hazard ratio of 10.2 (95% CI: 1.27-82.6) for stricture recurrence (P<0.005). Stricture recurrence was independent of previous endoscopic interventions (P = 0.42). Stricture length was unable to be assessed. CONCLUSIONS Postcystectomy ureteral reimplantation was associated with relatively low rates of major iatrogenic injuries and high-grade complications. Preoperative PCN placement rather than PCNU may yield better results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Norm D Smith
- Section of Urology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Packiam VT, Cohen AJ, Pariser JJ, Bales GT. Reply by the Authors. Urology 2016; 97:281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2016.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Cohen AJ, Packiam VT, Nottingham CU, Alberts BD, Faris SF, Bales GT. 30-Day Morbidity and Reoperation Following Midurethral Sling: Analysis of 8772 Cases Using a National Prospective Database. Urology 2016; 95:72-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2016.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Packiam VT, Cohen AJ, Nottingham CU, Pariser JJ, Faris SF, Bales GT. Open Vs Minimally Invasive Adult Ureteral Reimplantation: Analysis of 30-day Outcomes in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) Database. Urology 2016; 94:123-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2016.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Cohen
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Vignesh T Packiam
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Gregory T Bales
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Packiam VT, Cohen AJ, Pariser JJ, Nottingham CU, Faris SF, Bales GT. The Impact of Minimally Invasive Surgery on Major Iatrogenic Ureteral Injury and Subsequent Ureteral Repair During Hysterectomy: A National Analysis of Risk Factors and Outcomes. Urology 2016; 98:183-188. [PMID: 27392649 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2016.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify risk factors for ureteral injury during hysterectomy and to assess outcomes of concurrent minimally invasive vs converted to open repairs. METHODS We queried the American College of Surgeons-National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database between 2005 and 2013 to identify abdominal hysterectomy (AH), minimally invasive hysterectomy (MIH), or vaginal hysterectomy. Ureteral injury was identified based on intraoperative or delayed management. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess the effect of hysterectomy approach on risk of ureteral injury while controlling for covariates. For patients with ureteral injury during MIH, we compared 30-day outcomes following minimally invasive vs converted open repairs. RESULTS There were 302 iatrogenic ureteral injuries from 96,538 hysterectomies, with 0.18%, 0.48%, and 0.04% from AH, MIH, and vaginal hysterectomy, respectively. Patients who underwent MIH were younger and had decreased comorbidities compared to patients who underwent AH (all P < .001). MIH resulted in lower overall complications (6.6% vs 14.8%, P < .001) but higher ureteral injury rate (0.48% vs 0.18%, P < .001) compared to AH. On multivariate analysis, the minimally invasive approach was associated with increased risk of ureteral injury (odds ratio 4.2, P < .001). Patients undergoing minimally invasive ureteral repairs (89%) during MIH had shorter operating room time and length of stay but similar overall perioperative complications compared to those with converted open repairs (11%). CONCLUSION Using a large national series, we show that the minimally invasive approach for hysterectomy is an independent risk factor for iatrogenic ureteral injuries. During MIH, concurrent minimally invasive ureteral repairs resulted in comparable 30-day outcomes compared to converted to open repairs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew J Cohen
- Section of Urology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | - Sarah F Faris
- Section of Urology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Cohen AJ, Packiam VT, Nottingham CU, Pariser JJ, Faris SF, Bales GT. Iatrogenic Bladder Injury: National Analysis of 30-Day Outcomes. Urology 2016; 97:250-256. [PMID: 27181242 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the risk factors and outcomes of BI, a rare complication of abdominopelvic surgery. METHODS We queried the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database to identify intraoperative bladder injury (BI) defined by the Current Procedural Terminology code for cystorrhaphy from 2005 to 2013. Propensity-score matching balanced the differences between patients with BI and the controls. The factors matched included age, body mass index, race, modified frailty index, and procedure category. RESULTS There were 1685 cases of BI in 1,541,736 surgeries (0.11%). Although 49.5% of surgeries were performed in an open fashion, this approach accounted for 69.3% of BI (P < .001). Prior to matching, mortality rates and morbidity were increased for the BI group (P < .001). Moreover, age, recent chemotherapy or radiation or steroid history, and smoking were among the risk factors for BI (all P < .05). Resident involvement increased the odds of BI and complications after BI, but decreased the risk of readmission (all P < .05). After matching, 30-day mortality was no longer increased for patients with BI (P < .001). Patients with BI requiring repair did have increased median length of stay (6 days [interquartile range {IQR}: 3-11] vs 5 [IQR: 2-9]; P < .001) and operative time (203 min [IQR: 140-278] vs 134 [IQR: 86-199]; P < .001). BI patients were more likely to undergo reoperation (7.7% vs 5.3%; P = .005). Urine infection, sepsis, and bleeding were more likely in the BI group compared with the matched controls (all P < .001). Delayed repair was rare. CONCLUSION We present the largest national series assessing iatrogenic BI and subsequent repair. BI increases 30-day complications, reoperation, and length of stay but does not increase 30-day mortality compared with matched controls. More complex surgical cases and increased baseline comorbidity were risk factors for BI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Cohen
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL.
| | - Vignesh T Packiam
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Charles U Nottingham
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Joseph J Pariser
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Sarah F Faris
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Gregory T Bales
- Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Anderson BB, Pariser JJ, Pearce SM, Volsky JG, Bales GT, Chung DE. Safety and Efficacy of Retropubic Mid-urethral Sling Placement in Women Who Void With Valsalva. Urology 2016; 91:52-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2016.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Packiam VT, Pariser JJ, Cohen AJ, Nottingham CU, Faris SF, Bales GT. PD40-12 IATROGENIC URETERAL INJURY FROM HYSTERECTOMY IN THE ERA OF MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY: A NATIONAL ANALYSIS OF TRENDS, RISK FACTORS, AND OUTCOMES. J Urol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.02.1544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Pariser JJ, Hatcher DM, Bales GT. V12-05 A BONE-ANCHORED TECHNIQUE FOR PENILE PROSTHESIS INSERTION AFTER RADIAL FOREARM FREE FLAP NEOPHALLUS. J Urol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.02.2131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Packiam VT, Pariser JJ, Cohen AJ, Nottingham CU, Faris SF, Bales GT. PD12-05 PERIOPERATIVE OUTCOMES FOLLOWING OPEN AND MINIMALLY INVASIVE URETERAL REIMPLANTATION: AN ANALYSIS OF 512 CASES FROM THE NATIONAL SURGICAL QUALITY IMPROVEMENT (NSQIP) DATABASE. J Urol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.02.900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Pariser JJ, Pearce SM, Packiam VT, Smith ND, Steinberg GD, Bales GT. PD12-01 A NATIONAL ANALYSIS OF PERIOPERATIVE OUTCOMES FOR REVISION OF A URETEROENTERIC ANASTOMOSIS. J Urol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.02.896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Pariser JJ, Pearce SM, Patel SG, Bales GT. National Trends of Simple Prostatectomy for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia With an Analysis of Risk Factors for Adverse Perioperative Outcomes. Urology 2015; 86:721-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2015.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pariser JJ, Pearce SM, Patel SG, Bales GT. National Patterns of Urethral Evaluation and Risk Factors for Urethral Injury in Patients With Penile Fracture. Urology 2015; 86:181-5. [PMID: 26142603 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2015.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the epidemiology and timing of penile fracture, patterns of urethral evaluation, and risk factors for concomitant urethral injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS The National Inpatient Sample (2003-2011) was used to identify patients with penile fractures. Clinical data included age, race, comorbidity, insurance, hospital factors, timing, hematuria, and urinary symptoms. Rates of formal urethral evaluation (cystoscopy or urethrogram) and urethral injury were calculated. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify predictors of urethral evaluation and risk factors for urethral injury. RESULTS A weighted population of 3883 patients with penile fracture was identified. Presentations during weekends (37%) and summers (30%) were overrepresented (both P <.001). Urethral evaluation was performed in 882 patients (23%). Urethral injury was diagnosed in 813 patients (21%) with penile fracture. There was an increased odds of urethral evaluation with hematuria (odds ratio [OR] = 2.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-8.73; P = .045) and a decrease for Hispanics (OR = 0.42; 95% CI, 0.22-0.82; P = .011). Older age (32-41 years: OR = 1.84; 95% CI, 1.07-3.16; P = .027; >41 years: OR = 2.25; 95% CI, 1.25-4.05; P = .007), black race (OR = 1.93; 95% CI, 1.12-3.34; P = .018), and hematuria (OR = 17.03; 95% CI, 3.20-90.54; P = .001) were independent risk factors for urethral injury. CONCLUSION Penile fractures, which occur disproportionately during summer and weekends, were associated with a 21% risk of urethral injury. Urethral evaluations were performed in a minority of patients. Even in patients with hematuria, 55% of patients underwent formal urethral evaluation. On multivariate analysis of patients with penile fracture, hematuria as well as older age and black race were independently associated with concomitant urethral injury.
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Pariser JJ, Pearce SM, Patel SG, Anderson BB, Packiam VT, Shalhav AL, Bales GT, Smith ND. Rhabdomyolysis After Major Urologic Surgery: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Outcomes. Urology 2015; 85:1328-32. [PMID: 26099878 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2015.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the epidemiology, risk factors, and outcomes of rhabdomyolysis (RM) after major urologic surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS The National Inpatient Sample (2003-2011) was used to identify patients who underwent radical prostatectomy, radical or partial nephrectomy, or radical cystectomy. Demographics included age, sex, race, and comorbidities. Factors examined included bleeding, hospital teaching status, minimally invasive technique, and development of RM. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors of RM. Outcomes of mortality, acute kidney injury (AKI), length of stay, and charges in patients with RM were compared with those of controls. RESULTS A weighted population of 1,016,074 patients was identified with 870 (0.1%) developing RM, which was significantly more likely for radical or partial nephrectomy and radical cystectomy patients compared with radical prostatectomy patients. On multivariate analysis, independent risk factors for RM included younger age, male sex, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, obesity, and bleeding. Race, minimally invasive technique, and teaching status were not associated with RM when controlling for other factors. Patients with RM experienced increases in mortality, AKI, length of stay, and hospital charges. CONCLUSION Rhabdomyolysis is a rare complication after urologic surgery. Risk factors include male sex, younger age, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, obesity, and perioperative bleeding. Patients who develop RM have a higher risk of AKI, mortality, prolonged hospital stay, and increased charges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Pariser
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.
| | - Shane M Pearce
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Sanjay G Patel
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Blake B Anderson
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Vignesh T Packiam
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Arieh L Shalhav
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Gregory T Bales
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Norm D Smith
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Pariser JJ, Saltzman GB, Bales GT, Steinberg GD, Smith ND. Reply: To PMID 26142714. Urology 2015; 86:617. [PMID: 26260743 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2015.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Pariser
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Gabriel B Saltzman
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Gregory T Bales
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Gary D Steinberg
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Norm D Smith
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Pariser JJ, Saltzman GB, Bales GT, Steinberg GD, Smith ND. Outcomes of the Endoscopic Treatment of Bladder Neck Contractures in the Orthotopic Neobladder. Urology 2015; 86:613-7. [PMID: 26142714 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the outcomes of endoscopic procedures for bladder neck contracture (BNC) in the orthotopic neobladder (ONB) after radical cystectomy focusing on success rates for patients who require multiple treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients who underwent treatment for cystoscopically confirmed BNC in an ONB from 2007 to 2014 were studied. Treatment information included procedure type, use of adjuvant clean intermittent catheterization (CIC), and follow-up procedures. Procedures followed by additional interventions were categorized as failures. Success was defined as no additional surgical procedure with at least 1 year of follow-up. Procedures were classified by a number of prior endoscopic treatments. RESULTS Seventy-one patients underwent 155 individual endoscopic procedures (146 urethrotomy, 3 dilation, and 6 transurethral resection of bladder neck). All patients were male without prior radiation. Median follow-up after initial endoscopic treatment was 26.8 months (interquartile range: 16.6-51.7), and time to recurrence was 3.5 months (1.6-6.3). Success was experienced for 50 of 136 individual procedures (37%) after excluding 19 procedures for inadequate follow-up. Success rates remained 25%-43% even after multiple prior interventions. Adjuvant CIC was associated with a higher success rate (14/24 or 58%) compared to procedures without CIC (36/112 or 32%, P = .02). Successful outcomes were seen in 50 of 71 patients (73%) with 2 patients requiring ONB removal. CONCLUSION Individual endoscopic treatments of BNC in the ONB were met with 37% success. The rate did not decrease with subsequent procedures. Adjuvant CIC improved the outcomes. Overall, a successful outcome was achieved for most patients, but the majority required more than one procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Pariser
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
| | - Gabriel B Saltzman
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Gregory T Bales
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Gary D Steinberg
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Norm D Smith
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Pariser JJ, Pearce SM, Patel SG, Bales GT. Reply. Urology 2015; 86:186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2015.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Pariser JJ, Pearce SM, Patel SG, Packiam VT, Anderson BB, Shalhav AL, Bales GT, Smith ND. MP29-10 RHABDOMYOLYSIS AFTER MAJOR UROLOGIC SURGERY: INCIDENCE, RISK FACTORS AND OUTCOMES. J Urol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.02.613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Pariser JJ, Pearce SM, Patel SG, Bales GT. MP18-03 PENILE FRACTURE: NATIONAL TRENDS IN URETHRAL EVALUATION AND RISK FACTORS FOR URETHRAL INJURY. J Urol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.02.1035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Pariser JJ, Cohn JA, Gottlieb LJ, Bales GT. Buccal Mucosal Graft Urethroplasty for the Treatment of Urethral Stricture in the Neophallus. Urology 2015; 85:927-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2014.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Pariser JJ, Malik RD, Gottlieb LJ, Bales GT. PD26-12 PENILE PROSTHESIS INSERTION AFTER RADIAL FOREARM FREE FLAP NEOPHALLUS. J Urol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.02.1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Richards KA, Cohn JA, Large MC, Bales GT, Smith ND, Steinberg GD. The effect of length of ureteral resection on benign ureterointestinal stricture rate in ileal conduit or ileal neobladder urinary diversion following radical cystectomy. Urol Oncol 2014; 33:65.e1-8. [PMID: 25023788 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of the length of the ureter resected and other clinical variables on ureterointestinal anastomotic (UIA) stricture rate following radical cystectomy and ileal segment urinary diversion. METHODS AND MATERIALS We identified 519 consecutive patients who underwent cystectomy and ileal conduit or ileal orthotopic neobladder diversion from January 2007 to August 2012. The length of the ureter resected was defined as the length of the ureter in the cystectomy specimen plus the length of the distal ureter submitted for pathologic analysis. The primary end point was the risk of UIA stricture formation, assessed by Cox proportional hazards analysis. RESULTS A total of 463 patients met the inclusion criteria with complete data. Median follow-up was 459 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 211-927). Median time to stricture formation was 235 (IQR: 134-352) and 232 days (IQR: 132-351) on the right and the left ureter, respectively. Overall stricture rate per ureter was 5.9% on the right vs. 10.0% on the left (P = 0.03). There was no difference in demographic, operative, or perioperative variables between patients with and without UIA strictures. On multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, anastomosis technique (running vs. interrupted), and length of ureter resected, only a Clavien complication≥III (hazard ratio = 2.11, 1.01-4.40) and urine leak (hazard ratio = 3.37, 1.08-10.46) significantly predicted for left- and right-sided stricture formation, respectively. The length of the ureter resected did not predict UIA stricture formation on either side. CONCLUSIONS The etiology of benign UIA strictures following ileal urinary diversion is likely multifactorial. Our data suggest that a complicated postoperative course and urine leak are risk factors for UIA stricture formation. The length of the distal ureter resected did not significantly affect stricture rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A Richards
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL.
| | - Joshua A Cohn
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Michael C Large
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; Urology of Indiana, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Gregory T Bales
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Norm D Smith
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Gary D Steinberg
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL
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Sturm RM, Guralnick ML, Stone AR, Bales GT, Dangle PP, O'Connor RC. Comparison of clinical outcomes between "ideal" and "nonideal" transobturator male sling patients for treatment of postprostatectomy incontinence. Urology 2014; 83:1186-8. [PMID: 24767526 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2013.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the clinical outcomes of "ideal" vs "nonideal" postprostatectomy stress urinary incontinence (PPI) patients who underwent male sling placement. METHODS The medical records of 95 consecutive patients with PPI who underwent male sling insertion (AdVance male sling, American Medical Systems, Minnetonka, MN) were reviewed. Patients were divided into "ideal" vs "nonideal" cohorts. The ideal group consisted of patients with mild to moderate incontinence (<4 pads/day or <300 g daily pad weight), ability to volitionally contract the external urinary sphincter, no history of pelvic radiation or cryotherapy, no history of previous anti-incontinence surgical procedures, the ability to generate a volitional detrusor contraction when voiding, and a postvoid residual urine volume <100 mL. Patients in the nonideal group did not satisfy all these criteria. RESULTS Significant reductions in daily pad usage and weight were noted in both cohorts. In the ideal patient group, 66 of 72 patients (92%) would undergo the procedure again. Conversely, only 7 of 23 nonideal men (30%) would undergo the procedure again. CONCLUSION Preoperative patient selection can influence favorable outcomes after the treatment of PPI with AdVance male slings. Attention to ideal vs nonideal patient characteristics should be used when counseling men considering male sling surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Sturm
- Department of Urology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA
| | - M L Guralnick
- Department of Urology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - A R Stone
- Department of Urology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA
| | - G T Bales
- Section of Urology, University of Chicago Hospitals, Chicago, IL
| | - P P Dangle
- Section of Urology, University of Chicago Hospitals, Chicago, IL
| | - R C O'Connor
- Department of Urology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI.
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Malik RD, Cohn JA, Chang C, Anderson L, Randall B, Bales GT, Chung DE. MP76-19 A MODERN COMPARISON OF URODYNAMIC FINDINGS IN NONDIABETIC VERSUS DIABETIC FEMALES. J Urol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.2412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Cohn JA, Large MC, Richards KA, Steinberg GD, Bales GT. Cystectomy and urinary diversion as management of treatment-refractory benign disease: The impact of preoperative urological conditions on perioperative outcomes. Int J Urol 2013; 21:382-6. [DOI: 10.1111/iju.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Cohn
- Section of Urology; University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois USA
| | | | - Kyle A Richards
- Section of Urology; University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois USA
| | | | - Gregory T Bales
- Section of Urology; University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois USA
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Large MC, Reichard C, Williams JTB, Chang C, Prasad S, Leung Y, DuBeau C, Bales GT, Steinberg GD. Incidence, risk factors, and complications of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing radical cystectomy. Urology 2012; 81:123-8. [PMID: 23153950 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.07.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the risk factors for, and complications associated with, the development of delirium after radical cystectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS From July 2008 to December 2009, 59 patients, aged ≥65 years and undergoing radical cystectomy, were prospectively enrolled. The baseline cognitive status was assessed using the Mini-Mental Status Examination. Postoperative delirium was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method. RESULTS A total of 49 patients completed the surgery and all assessments. The incidence of postoperative delirium was 29%, with duration of 1-5 days. On univariate analysis, older age and preoperative Mini-Mental Status Examination score were associated with postoperative delirium. On multivariate analysis, only age was associated with postoperative delirium (odds ratio 1.52, 95% confidence interval 1.04-2.22, P=.03). The 2 groups did not differ in pathologic stage, length of surgery, intraoperative and postoperative narcotic usage, body mass index, age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index, activities of daily living scores, smoking history, preoperative hematocrit, estimated blood loss, urinary tract infection, interval to a regular diet, or length of hospital stay. The patients who developed postoperative delirium were more likely to undergo readmission (odds ratio 10.7, 95% confidence interval 2.2-51.8, P=.01) and reoperation (odds ratio 9.2, 95% confidence interval 1.5-55.3, P=.03) but did not differ in the 90-day and 1-year mortality rates or incidence of postoperative complications. CONCLUSION In patients aged≥65 years, a lower preoperative Mini-Mental Status Examination score and older age were significantly associated with the development of postcystectomy delirium, as measured using the Confusion Assessment Method. The patients who developed delirium were more likely to undergo readmission and reoperation. Larger studies with multiple surgeons are needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Large
- University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Reynolds WS, Kit LC, Kaufman MR, Karram M, Bales GT, Dmochowski RR. Obturator Foramen Dissection for Excision of Symptomatic Transobturator Mesh. J Urol 2012; 187:1680-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2011.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Stuart Reynolds
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Laura Chang Kit
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Melissa R. Kaufman
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Mickey Karram
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Christ Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Gregory T. Bales
- Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Roger R. Dmochowski
- Department of Urologic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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Wiltz AL, Reynolds WS, Jayram G, Fedunok PA, Bales GT. Management of Vaginal Synthetic Graft Extrusion following Surgery for Stress Urinary Incontinence and Prolapse. Curr Urol 2009. [DOI: 10.1159/000189689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Reynolds WS, Bales GT. Re: Results of Sacral Neuromodulation Therapy for Urinary Voiding Dysfunction: Outcomes of a Prospective, Worldwide Clinical Study. J Urol 2008; 179:2483-4; author reply 2484. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2008.01.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Stuart Reynolds
- Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gregory T. Bales
- Section of Urology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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Lucioni A, Reynolds WS, Rapp DE, Katz M, Bales GT. The use of botulinum toxin for treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms. MINERVA UROL NEFROL 2008; 60:93-103. [PMID: 18500224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade we have seen the emergence of botulinum toxin (BTX) as a successful treatment of patients with neurogenic and idiopathic detrusor overactivity that are refractory to antimuscarinic medication. The success of BTX in this patient population has led to use BTX in patients with other causes of lower urinary tract symptoms such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and urethral sphincter anomalies. Despite this success, the protocol for BTX injection has not yet been standardized. Various studies are on the way in order to determine the best injection protocol for bladder injection of BTX. The use of BTX in patients with BPH is in its early stages. Further large randomized controls trials in patients with BPH are needed to determine the efficacy of BTX in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lucioni
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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Lucioni A, Rapp DE, Gong EM, Reynolds WS, Fedunok PA, Bales GT. The surgical technique and early postoperative complications of the Gynecare Prolift pelvic floor repair system. Can J Urol 2008; 15:4004-4008. [PMID: 18405450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Gynecare Prolift pelvic floor repair system (GPS) comprises a synthetic mesh placed via a transvaginal, transobturator approach. We present our technique focusing on the safety and feasibility of the GPS. MATERIALS AND METHODS GPS candidates are evaluated in the office with a full history, physical examination, urinalysis and when appropriate, urodynamic evaluation. Patients were offered total vaginal vault prolapse repair or isolated anterior repair dependent of site of defect. Follow-up comprised a full history, physical examination, and global assessment of subjective satisfaction (2 and 6 weeks, 6 months postoperative). Concentration was placed on intraoperative and short-term postoperative complications and assessment of prolapse recurrence. RESULTS GPS prolapse repair has been used in 12 patients for anterior or total vault prolapse. Mean postoperative follow-up time is 42 weeks. There were no major perioperative complications. De novo enterocele development was seen in one patient without any other incidence of recurrence. No incidence of mesh erosion or sexual dysfunction has been observed. CONCLUSIONS The GPS is a safe and reproducible system for use in transvaginal repairs of vaginal vault prolapse. Long-term studies are needed to evaluate repair durability and for potential complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Lucioni
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Acharya SS, DuBeau CE, Bales GT. UROLOGY RESIDENT GERIATRIC EDUCATION (URGE): A MODEL FOR RESIDENT TRAINING IN GERIATRIC UROLOGY. J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(08)61821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Reynolds WS, Lucioni A, Rapp DE, Bales GT, McGehee DS. THE EFFECT OF BOTULINUM TOXIN A ON CHEMICAL STIMULATION OF RAT DORSAL ROOT GANGLION CELLS. J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(08)60225-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Reynolds WS, Gottlieb LJ, Lucioni A, Rapp DE, Song DH, Bales GT. VESICOVAGINAL FISTULA REPAIR WITH RECTUS ABDOMINIS MYOFASCIAL INTERPOSITION FLAP. J Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(08)60037-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lucioni A, Bales GT, Lotan TL, McGehee DS, Cook SP, Rapp DE. Botulinum toxin type A inhibits sensory neuropeptide release in rat bladder models of acute injury and chronic inflammation. BJU Int 2008; 101:366-70. [PMID: 18184328 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2007.07312.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) on the release of the neuropeptides substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from isolated bladder preparations after acute injury with HCl and the induction of cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced cystitis, as neurogenic inflammation has been increasingly identified in urological disorders such as interstitial cystitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult rats had either an intraperitoneal injection with CYP or saline over a 10-day period to induce chronic bladder inflammation, after which the bladder was harvested, or normal bladder explants were injured acutely with incubation (20 s) in HCl (0.4 m). To measure the effect of BTX-A on the release of neurotransmitters, harvested bladders were incubated in an organ bath containing BTX-A (10 U) or vehicle. Bladders were transferred to a subsequent bath (physiological saline) and incubated for 15 min, and the bathing medium analysed to measure neurotransmitter release, as determined by radioimmunoassay. Bladder specimens from sham treatment, controls and experimental rats were compared histologically. RESULTS Acute injury with HCl caused a significantly greater release of both CGRP and SP release (1235 and 1655 pg/g, respectively) than in controls (183 and 449 pg/g, respectively; P < 0.001). This increase in neurotransmitter release was partly inhibited by exposure to BTX-A (870 and 1033 pg/g (P < 0.05 and <0.01). CYP-induced chronic inflammation caused significantly greater release of SP than in the controls (1060 and 605 pg/g, respectively; P < 0.005). Exposure to BTX-A partly inhibited the release of SP after CYP-induced cystitis (709 pg/g, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The application of BTX-A inhibits the release of sensory neurotransmitters from isolated bladder preparations in rat bladder models of both acute injury and chronic inflammation, suggesting a potential clinical benefit of BTX-A in the treatment of neurogenic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Lucioni
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, 5841S. Maryland Avenue, MC 6038, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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Rapp DE, Reynolds WS, Lucioni A, Bales GT. Surgical technique using AdVance sling placement in the treatment of post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence. Int Braz J Urol 2008; 33:231-5; discussion 236-7. [PMID: 17488544 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-55382007000200015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe and illustrate a new minimally invasive approach to the treatment of male stress urinary incontinence following prostatectomy. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE Our initial experience consisted of four patients treated with the Advance sling for post-prostatectomy urinary incontinence. Sling placement involves the following steps: 1. Urethral dissection and mobilization, 2. Identification of surgical landmarks, 3. Placement of needle passers through the obturator foramen, 4. Mesh advancement, 5. Mesh tensioning and fixation, 6. Incision closure. COMMENTS Based on our initial experience, we believe that the Advance Male Sling System may be a safe technique for the treatment of male stress urinary incontinence. This technique is easy to perform and may offer a reproducible, transobturator approach. Further patient accrual is ongoing to assess the safety and reproducibility of this technique. Also, additional study will focus on efficacy standards and complication rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Rapp
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
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Abstract
PURPOSE Significant improvement and high patient satisfaction are seen after artificial urinary sphincter implantation for male stress urinary incontinence. However, only a small percent of men are treated with an artificial urinary sphincter nationally. We defined trends in current artificial urinary sphincter use in the United States, specifically focusing on regional differences in use. Current rates of radical prostatectomy and the regional distribution of urologists were analyzed as possible factors to explain these disparities. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data provided by American Medical Systems, Minnetonka, Minnesota on the number of artificial urinary sphincter units sold were analyzed by state, regional and city distribution. American Urological Association data on the number of urologists were used to estimate urologist use of artificial urinary sphincters. The number of radical prostatectomies reported by the American College of Surgeons National Cancer Database were used to estimate artificial urinary sphincter use per radical prostatectomy. RESULTS In the most populous states and cities generally the most artificial urinary sphincter units were purchased, the most urologists were reported and the most radical prostatectomies were performed. The proportional use of artificial urinary sphincters per radical prostatectomy by state varied from 1% to 10% (national average approximately 6%). The number of urologists per 100,000 men older than 50 years appeared uniform across states (national average 34). However, artificial urinary sphincter use by urologist appeared localized and concentrated. Nationally 1 artificial urinary sphincter unit was purchased for every 3 urologists in the United States. CONCLUSIONS Artificial urinary sphincter use demonstrates considerable state and regional variation even when controlled for differences in the frequency of radical prostatectomy and the distribution of urologists. Overall the data suggest that artificial urinary sphincters may be underused in some areas of the country, particularly for post-prostatectomy incontinence.
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