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Massiré T, Chiara N, Amélie V, Christel G, Marius H, Lucile S, Maxime G, Anne F, Mégane L, Zoheir G, Bruno C, Eriky C, Benjamin M, Nathalie M, Julien M, Laure S, Jeremy S, Lofti S, Ariane J, Pierre DLG, Jean-Yves H, France PR, Sestina F. GDF5 as a rejuvenating treatment for age-related neuromuscular failure. Brain 2024:awae107. [PMID: 38584513 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia involves a progressive loss of skeletal muscle force, quality and mass during ageing, which results in increased inability and death; however, no cure has been established thus far. Growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF5) has been described to modulate muscle mass maintenance in various contexts. For our proof of concept, we overexpressed GDF5 by AAV vector injection in Tibialis Anterior (TA) muscle of adult aged (20 months) mice and performed molecular and functional analysis of skeletal muscle. We analysed human Vastus Lateralis muscle biopsies from adult young (21-42 years) and aged (77-80 years) donors, quantifying the molecular markers modified by GDF5 overexpression (OE) in mouse muscle. We validated the major effects of GDF5 overexpression using human immortalized myotubes and Schwann Cells (SCs). We established a pre-clinical study by treating chronically (for 4 months) aged mice using recombinant GDF5 protein (rGDF5) in systemic administration and evaluated the long-term effect of this treatment on muscle mass and function. Here, we demonstrated that GDF5 OE in the old TAs promoted an increase of 16.5% of muscle weight (P = 0.0471) associated with a higher percentage of 5000-6000 µm2 large fibres (P = 0.0211), without the induction of muscle regeneration. Muscle mass gain was associated with an amelioration of 26.8% of rate of force generation (P = 0.0330) and a better neuromuscular connectivity (P = 0.0098). Moreover, GDF5 OE preserved neuromuscular junction (NMJ) morphology (38.5% of nerve terminal area increase, P < 0.0001) and stimulated the expression of re-innervation-related genes, in particular markers of SCs (fold change 3.19 for S100b gene expression, P = 0.0101). To further characterize the molecular events induced by GDF5 OE during ageing, we performed a genome-wide transcriptomic analysis of treated muscles and showed that this factor leads to a "rejuvenating" transcriptomic signature in aged mice, as 42% of the transcripts dysregulated by ageing reverted to youthful expression levels upon GDF5 OE (P < 0.05). Towards a pre-clinical approach, we performed a long-term systemic treatment using rGDF5 and showed its effectiveness in counteracting age-related muscle wasting, improving muscle function (17,8% of absolute maximal force increase, P = 0.0079), ensuring neuromuscular connectivity and preventing NMJ degeneration (7,96% of AchR area increase, P = 0.0125). In addition, in human muscle biopsies, we found the same age-related alterations than those observed in mice and improved by GDF5 and reproduced its major effects on human cells, suggesting this treatment as efficient in humans. Overall, these data provide a foundation to examine the curative potential of GDF5 drug in clinical trials for sarcopenia and, eventually, other neuromuscular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Traoré Massiré
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Noviello Chiara
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Vergnol Amélie
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Gentil Christel
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Halliez Marius
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Saillard Lucile
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Gelin Maxime
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Forand Anne
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Lemaitre Mégane
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMS28, Phénotypage du Petit Animal, Paris 75013, France
| | - Guesmia Zoheir
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Cadot Bruno
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Caldas Eriky
- Institut de Myologie, CEA, Laboratoire d'imagerie et de spectroscopie par RMN, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Marty Benjamin
- Institut de Myologie, CEA, Laboratoire d'imagerie et de spectroscopie par RMN, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Mougenot Nathalie
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMS28, Phénotypage du Petit Animal, Paris 75013, France
| | - Messéant Julien
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Strochlic Laure
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Sadoine Jeremy
- Université de Paris, Plateforme d'Imagerie du Vivant (PIV), Montrouge, France
| | - Slimani Lofti
- Université de Paris, Plateforme d'Imagerie du Vivant (PIV), Montrouge, France
| | | | | | - Hogrel Jean-Yves
- Institut de Myologie, Laboratoire de physiologie et d'évaluation neuromusculaire, Paris, F-75013 France
| | - Pietri-Rouxel France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Falcone Sestina
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, F-75013 Paris, France
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