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Godwin JS, Telles GD, Vechin FC, Conceição MS, Ugrinowitsch C, Roberts MD, Libardi CA. Time Course of Proteolysis Biomarker Responses to Resistance, High-Intensity Interval, and Concurrent Exercise Bouts. J Strength Cond Res 2023; 37:2326-2332. [PMID: 37506190 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Godwin, JS, Telles, GD, Vechin, FC, Conceição, MS, Ugrinowitsch, C, Roberts, MD, and Libardi, CA. Time course of proteolysis biomarker responses to resistance, high-intensity interval, and concurrent exercise bouts. J Strength Cond Res 37(12): 2326-2332, 2023-Concurrent exercise (CE) combines resistance exercise (RE) and high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) in the same training routine, eliciting hypertrophy, strength, and cardiovascular benefits over time. Some studies suggest that CE training may hamper muscle hypertrophy and strength adaptations compared with RE training alone. However, the underlying mechanisms related to protein breakdown are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to examine how a bout of RE, HIIE, or CE affected ubiquitin-proteasome and calpain activity and the expression of a few associated genes, markers of skeletal muscle proteolysis. Nine untrained male subjects completed 1 bout of RE (4 sets of 8-12 reps), HIIE (12 × 1 minute sprints at V̇ o2 peak minimum velocity), and CE (RE followed by HIIE), in a crossover design, separated by 1-week washout periods. Muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis before (Pre), immediately post, 4 hours (4 hours), and 8 hours (8 hours) after exercise. FBXO32 mRNA expression increased immediately after exercise (main time effect; p < 0.05), and RE and CE presented significant overall values compared with HIIE ( p < 0.05). There was a marginal time effect for calpain-2 mRNA expression ( p < 0.05), with no differences between time points ( p > 0.05). No significant changes occurred in TRIM63/MuRF-1 and FOXO3 mRNA expression, or 20S proteasome or calpain activities ( p > 0.05). In conclusion, our findings suggest that 1 bout of CE does not promote greater changes in markers of skeletal muscle proteolysis compared with 1 bout of RE or HIIE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guilherme D Telles
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Felipe C Vechin
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Miguel S Conceição
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and
- MUSCULAB, Laboratory of Neuromuscular Adaptations to Resistance Training, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ugrinowitsch
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; and
| | | | - Cleiton A Libardi
- MUSCULAB, Laboratory of Neuromuscular Adaptations to Resistance Training, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, Brazil
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Vechin FC, Vingren JL, Telles GD, Conceicao MS, Libardi CA, Lixandrao ME, Damas F, Cunha TF, Brum PC, Riani LA, Ugrinowitsch C. Acute changes in serum and skeletal muscle steroids in resistance-trained men. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1081056. [PMID: 37077354 PMCID: PMC10106780 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1081056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Resistance exercise can significantly increase serum steroid concentrations after an exercise bout. Steroid hormones are involved in the regulation of several important bodily functions (e.g., muscle growth) through both systemic delivery and local production. Thus, we aimed to determine whether resistance exercise-induced increases in serum steroid hormone concentrations are accompanied by enhanced skeletal muscle steroid concentrations, or whether muscle contractions per se induced by resistance exercise can increase intramuscular steroid concentrations. METHODS A counterbalanced, within-subject, crossover design was applied. Six resistance-trained men (26 ± 5 years; 79 ± 8 kg; 179 ± 10 cm) performed a single-arm lateral raise exercise (10 sets of 8 to 12 RM - 3 min rest between sets) targeting the deltoid muscle followed by either squat exercise (10 sets of 8 to 12 RM - 1 min rest) to induce a hormonal response (high hormone [HH] condition) or rest (low hormone [LH] condition). Blood samples were obtained pre-exercise and 15 min and 30 min post-exercise; muscle specimens were harvested pre-exercise and 45 min post-exercise. Immunoassays were used to measure serum and muscle steroids (total and free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, dihydrotestosterone, and cortisol; free testosterone measured only in serum and dehydroepiandrosterone only in muscle) at these time points. RESULTS In the serum, only cortisol significantly increased after the HH protocol. There were no significant changes in muscle steroid concentrations after the protocols. DISCUSSION Our study provides evidence that serum steroid concentration increases (cortisol only) seem not to be aligned with muscle steroid concentrations. The lack of change in muscle steroid after protocols suggests that resistance-trained individuals were desensitized to the exercise stimuli. It is also possible that the single postexercise timepoint investigated in this study might be too early or too late to observe changes. Thus, additional timepoints should be examined to determine if RE can indeed change muscle steroid concentrations either by skeletal muscle uptake of these hormones or the intramuscular steroidogenesis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe C. Vechin
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jakob L. Vingren
- Department of Kinesiology, Health Promotion, and Recreation, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Guilherme D. Telles
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Miguel S. Conceicao
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cleiton A. Libardi
- MUSCULAB - Laboratory of Neuromuscular Adaptations to Resistance Training, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Manoel E. Lixandrao
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Damas
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- MUSCULAB - Laboratory of Neuromuscular Adaptations to Resistance Training, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Telma F. Cunha
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia C. Brum
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz A. Riani
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ugrinowitsch
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Carlos Ugrinowitsch,
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Vechin FC, Conceição MS, Telles GD, Libardi CA, Ugrinowitsch C. Interference Phenomenon with Concurrent Strength and High-Intensity Interval Training-Based Aerobic Training: An Updated Model. Sports Med 2021; 51:599-605. [PMID: 33405189 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-020-01421-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has suggested that concurrent training (CT) may attenuate resistance training (RT)-induced gains in muscle strength and mass, i.e.' the interference effect. In 2000, a seminal theoretical model indicated that the interference effect should occur when high-intensity interval training (HIIT) (repeated bouts at 95-100% of the aerobic power) and RT (multiple sets at ~ 10 repetition maximum;10 RM) were performed in the same training routine. However, there was a paucity of data regarding the likelihood of other HIIT-based CT protocols to induce the interference effect at the time. Thus, based on current HIIT-based CT literature and HIIT nomenclature and framework, the present manuscript updates the theoretical model of the interference phenomenon previously proposed. We suggest that very intense HIIT protocols [i.e., resisted sprint training (RST), and sprint interval training (SIT)] can greatly minimize the odds of occurring the interference effect on muscle strength and mass. Thus, very intensive HIIT protocols should be implemented when performing CT to avoid the interference effect. Long and short HIIT-based CT protocols may induce the interference effect on muscle strength when HIIT bout is performed before RT with no rest interval between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe C Vechin
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes, 65, Cidade Universitária, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil.
- MUSCULAB, Laboratory of Neuromuscular Adaptations To Resistance Training, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, Brazil.
| | - Miguel S Conceição
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes, 65, Cidade Universitária, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Guilherme D Telles
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes, 65, Cidade Universitária, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Cleiton A Libardi
- MUSCULAB, Laboratory of Neuromuscular Adaptations To Resistance Training, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ugrinowitsch
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello Moraes, 65, Cidade Universitária, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-030, Brazil
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Maginador G, Lixandrão ME, Bortolozo HI, Vechin FC, Sarian LO, Derchain S, Telles GD, Zopf E, Ugrinowitsch C, Conceição MS. Aerobic Exercise-Induced Changes in Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082240. [PMID: 32796499 PMCID: PMC7463807 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
While performing aerobic exercise during chemotherapy has been proven feasible and safe, the efficacy of aerobic training on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy has not yet been systematically assessed. Therefore, the objective of this work was to determine (a) the efficacy of aerobic training to improve CRF; (b) the role of aerobic training intensity (moderate or vigorous) on CRF response; (c) the effect of the aerobic training mode (continuous or interval) on changes in CRF in women with breast cancer (BC) receiving chemotherapy. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted as per PRISMA guidelines, and randomized controlled trials comparing usual care (UC) and aerobic training in women with BC undergoing chemotherapy were eligible. The results suggest that increases in CRF are favored by (a) aerobic training when compared to usual care; (b) vigorous-intensity aerobic exercise (64–90% of maximal oxygen uptake, VO2max) when compared to moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (46–63% of VO2max); and (c) both continuous and interval aerobic training are effective at increasing the VO2max. Aerobic training improves CRF in women with BC undergoing chemotherapy. Notably, training intensity significantly impacts the VO2max response. Where appropriate, vigorous intensity aerobic training should be considered for women with BC receiving chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Maginador
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-881, Brazil; (G.M.); (H.I.B.); (L.O.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Manoel E. Lixandrão
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-030, Brazil; (M.E.L.); (F.C.V.); (G.D.T.); (C.U.)
| | - Henrique I. Bortolozo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-881, Brazil; (G.M.); (H.I.B.); (L.O.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Felipe C. Vechin
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-030, Brazil; (M.E.L.); (F.C.V.); (G.D.T.); (C.U.)
| | - Luís O. Sarian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-881, Brazil; (G.M.); (H.I.B.); (L.O.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Sophie Derchain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-881, Brazil; (G.M.); (H.I.B.); (L.O.S.); (S.D.)
| | - Guilherme D. Telles
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-030, Brazil; (M.E.L.); (F.C.V.); (G.D.T.); (C.U.)
| | - Eva Zopf
- Department of Exercise Oncology, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne 3000, Australia;
| | - Carlos Ugrinowitsch
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-030, Brazil; (M.E.L.); (F.C.V.); (G.D.T.); (C.U.)
| | - Miguel S. Conceição
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-881, Brazil; (G.M.); (H.I.B.); (L.O.S.); (S.D.)
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-030, Brazil; (M.E.L.); (F.C.V.); (G.D.T.); (C.U.)
- Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-851, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-11-3091-8733
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Conceição MS, Junior EMM, Telles GD, Libardi CA, Castro A, Andrade ALL, Brum PC, Urias Ú, Kurauti MA, Júnior JMC, Boschero AC, Cavaglieri CR, Camera DM, Chacon-Mikahil MPT. Augmented Anabolic Responses after 8-wk Cycling with Blood Flow Restriction. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 51:84-93. [PMID: 30113523 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Low-intensity endurance training (ET) performed with blood flow restriction (BFR) can improve muscle strength, cross-sectional area (CSA) and cardiorespiratory capacity. Whether muscle strength and CSA as well as cardiorespiratory capacity (i.e., V˙O2max) and underlying molecular processes regulating such respective muscle adaptations are comparable to resistance and ET is unknown. PURPOSE To determine the respective chronic (i.e., 8 wk) functional, morphological, and molecular responses of ET-BFR training compared with conventional, unrestricted resistance training (RT) and ET. METHODS Thirty healthy young men were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups: ET-BFR (n = 10, 4 d·wk, 30-min cycling at 40% of V˙O2max), RT (n = 10, 4 d·wk, 4 sets of 10 repetitions leg press at 70% of one repetition maximum with 60 s rest) or ET (n = 10, 4 d·wk, 30-min cycling at 70% of V˙O2max) for 8 wk. Measures of quadriceps CSA, leg press one repetition maximum, and V˙O2max as well as muscle biopsies were obtained before and after intervention. RESULTS Both RT and ET-BFR increased muscle strength and hypertrophy responses. ET-BFR also increased V˙O2max, total cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1 abundance and vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA abundance despite the lower work load compared to ET. CONCLUSIONS Eight weeks of ET-BFR can increase muscle strength and induce similar muscle hypertrophy responses to RT while V˙O2max responses also increased postintervention even with a significantly lower work load compared with ET. Our findings provide new insight to some of the molecular mechanisms mediating adaptation responses with ET-BFR and the potential for this training protocol to improve muscle and cardiorespiratory capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel S Conceição
- Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, BRAZIL.,School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL
| | - Edson M M Junior
- Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, BRAZIL
| | | | - Cleiton A Libardi
- MuscuLab, Laboratory of Neuromuscular Adaptations to Resistance Training, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, BRAZIL
| | - Alex Castro
- Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, BRAZIL
| | - André L L Andrade
- Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas, BRAZIL
| | - Patrícia C Brum
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL
| | - Úrsula Urias
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, BRAZIL
| | - Mirian Ayumi Kurauti
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, BRAZIL
| | - José Maria Costa Júnior
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, BRAZIL
| | - Antonio Carlos Boschero
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center (OCRC), Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, BRAZIL
| | | | - Donny M Camera
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Centre for Exercise and Nutrition, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
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Mancini MW, Telles GD, Caires ARL, Bagnato VS, Marcassa LG. Observation of ultracold ground-state heteronuclear molecules. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 92:133203. [PMID: 15089608 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.133203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of translationally ultracold heteronuclear ground-state molecules in a two-species magneto-optical trap containing 39K and 85Rb atoms. The KRb molecules are produced via photoassociation and detected by multiphoton ionization. We had characterized their temperature and measured their formation rate constant. We believe that the two-species trap could be used as a reliable source of ultracold molecules to be captured by electrostatic, magnetic, or optical traps. This possibility will certainly motivate further investigation of quantum collective effects as well as high-resolution spectroscopy of the rovibrational level structure of cold heteronuclear molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Mancini
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, 13560-970, São Carlos-SP Brazil
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Telles GD, Bagnato VS, Marcassa LG. Alternative to the hyperfine-change-collision interpretation for the behavior of magneto-optical-trap losses at low light intensity. Phys Rev Lett 2001; 86:4496-4499. [PMID: 11384267 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.4496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Usually, the large trap loss rates observed in MOTs at the low light intensity regime have been associated with hyperfine change collisions (HCC). We propose an alternative mechanism to explain the sudden raise up of trap loss rates at low intensity without relying on HCC. Using the Gallagher-Pritchard model [Phys. Rev. Lett. 63, 957 (1989)] together with an intensity dependent escape velocity, we were able to reproduce qualitatively well some existing experimental results, including recent observations by Nesnidal et al. [Phys. Rev. A 62, 030701(R) (2000)]. This result reopens the discussion in order to better understand the physical mechanisms and their actual contribution to the trap losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Telles
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 369, 13560-970, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
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