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Wang Y, Shi J, Wang M, Zhang L, Wang R, Zhang J, Qing H, Duan J, Zhang X, Pu G. pH-Responsive Co-Assembled Peptide Hydrogel to Inhibit Drug-Resistant Bacterial Infection and Promote Wound Healing. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:18400-18410. [PMID: 38576193 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Drug-resistant bacterial infection and biofilm formation are the key inhibitors of wound healing, and new strategies are urgently needed to address these issues. In this study, we designed a pH-responsive co-assembled peptide hydrogel to inhibit Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection and promote wound healing. We synthesized a cationic short peptide (Nap-FFKKK) and a co-assembled hydrogel with curcumin at pH ∼ 7.8. The loaded curcumin was continuously released in a weak acid environment (pH ∼ 5.5). The lysine-rich cationic peptide inhibited biofilm formation in MRSA via electrostatic interaction with the negatively charged bacterial cell surface and, thus, provided a reinforcing antibacterial effect with curcumin. In vitro antibacterial experiments showed that the co-assembled system considerably reduced the minimum inhibitory concentration of curcumin against MRSA by 10-fold and promoted wound healing in a mouse model of MRSA-infected wounds. This study provides a simple and promising strategy to treat drug-resistant bacterial infections in wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Jingru Shi
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Mengyao Wang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Lingjiao Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, P. R. China
| | - Huiling Qing
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, P. R. China
| | - Jinyou Duan
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Guojuan Pu
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, P. R. China
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2
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Luo Q, Yang J, Xu H, Shi J, Liang Z, Zhang R, Lu P, Pu G, Zhao N, Zhang J. Sorafenib-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for topical ocular therapy of corneal neovascularization: development, in-vitro and in vivo study. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:837-855. [PMID: 35277107 PMCID: PMC8920403 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2048134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib (SRB), a multikinase inhibitor, is effective in reducing experimental corneal neovascularization (CNV) after oral administration; however, its therapeutic use in ocular surface disorders is restricted due to poor solubility and limited bioavailability. This study aimed to develop and optimize SRB-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (SRB-NLCs) for topical ocular delivery by a central composite design response surface methodology (CCD-RSM). It was spherical and uniform in morphology with an average particle size of 111.87 ± 0.93 nm and a narrow size distribution. The in vitro drug release from the released SRB-NLC formulation was well fitted to Korsmeyer Peppas release kinetics. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) cell viability assay demonstrated that SRB-NLC was not obviously cytotoxic to human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs). An in vivo ocular irritation test showed that SRB-NLC was well tolerated by rabbit eyes. Ocular pharmacokinetics revealed 6.79-fold and 1.24-fold increase in the area under concentration-time curves (AUC0-12h) over 12 h in rabbit cornea and conjunctiva, respectively, treated with one dose of SRB-NLC compared with those treated with SRB suspension. Moreover, SRB-NLC (0.05% SRB) and dexamethasone (0.025%) similarly suppressed corneal neovascularization in mice. In conclusion, the optimized SRB-NLC formulation demonstrated excellent physicochemical properties and good tolerance, sustained release, and enhanced ocular bioavailability. It is safe and potentially effective for the treatment of corneal neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haohang Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jieran Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ping Lu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guojuan Pu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ningmin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Du E, Pu G, He S, Qin F, Wang Y, Wang G, Song Z, Zhang J, Tao Y. Cytoprotective Effects of Water Soluble Dihydropyrimidinthione Derivative Against UV-B Induced Human Corneal Epithelial Cell Photodamage. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:732833. [PMID: 34744716 PMCID: PMC8570246 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.732833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive UV-B exposure is well known to be a risk factor for corneal phototoxicity including direct DNA damage and disturbances in the antioxidant balance. Here, we showed a successful synthesis of a water-soluble and biocompatible small molecule DHPM 1 with dihydropyrimidinthione skeleton, which could effectively protect human corneal epithelial (HCE-2) cells from UV-B damage. In separate experiments, DHPM 1 absorbed UV-B rays and exhibited scavenging activity against intracellular ROS induced by UV-B radiation, thereby reducing the levels of DNA fragmentation. Additionally, UV-B exposure increased the expression of cleaved caspase-3, as well as the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 at protein levels, while pretreatment with DHPM 1 significantly reversed these changes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a study based on dihydropyrimidinthione derivatives to develop a promising eye drops, which may well find extensive applications in UV-B caused corneal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enming Du
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University School of Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guojuan Pu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University School of Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Siyu He
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University School of Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fangyuan Qin
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University School of Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yange Wang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University School of Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University School of Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zongming Song
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University School of Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University School of Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ye Tao
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University School of Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Lab of Visual Cell Differentiation and Modulation, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Li X, Wang Y, Wang S, Liang C, Pu G, Chen Y, Wang L, Xu H, Shi Y, Yang Z. A strong CD8 + T cell-stimulating supramolecular hydrogel. Nanoscale 2020; 12:2111-2117. [PMID: 31913398 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr08916k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The development of molecules with immune stimulatory properties is crucial for cancer immunotherapy. In this work, we combined two peptide-based molecules, tuftsin (TKPR) and Nap-GDFDFDY, to develop a novel self-assembling molecule Nap-GDFDFDYTKPR (Comp.3), which has strong CD8+ T cell stimulatory properties. Comp.3 could self-assemble into nanofibers and hydrogels, which significantly improved the stability of tuftsin against enzyme digestion. The nanofibers of Comp.3 enhanced the phagocytic activity of macrophages, promoted the maturation of DCs, and stimulated the expression of cytokines. In addition, it demonstrated an excellent anti-tumor efficacy in vivo by eliciting a strong CD8+ T immune response. Taken together, our observations revealed a powerful immune stimulating nanomaterial that is a promising compound for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, and National Institute of Functional Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
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Ren C, Gao Y, Liu J, Zhang Y, Pu G, Yang L, Huang F, Yang C, Yang Z, Liu J. Anticancer Supramolecular Hydrogel of D/L-Peptide with Enhanced Stability and Bioactivity. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2018; 14:1125-1134. [DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2018.2564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Hua Y, Pu G, Ou C, Zhang X, Wang L, Sun J, Yang Z, Chen M. Gd(III)-induced Supramolecular Hydrogelation with Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Performance for Enzyme Detection. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40172. [PMID: 28074904 PMCID: PMC5225466 DOI: 10.1038/srep40172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we report a supramolecular hydrogel based on Gd(III)-peptide complexes with dramatically enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) performance. The hydrogelations were formed by adding Gd(III) ion to the nanofiber dispersion of self-assembling peptides naphthalene-Gly-Phe-Phe-Tyr-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp (Nap-GFFYGRGD) or naphthalene-Gly-Phe-Phe-Tyr-Gly-Arg-Gly-Glu (Nap-GFFYGRGE). We further showed that, by adjusting the molar ratio between Gd(III) and the corresponding peptide, the mechanical property of resulting gels could be fine-tuned. The longitudinal relaxivity (r1) of the Nap-GFFYGRGE-Gd(III) was 58.9 mM-1 S-1, which to our knowledge is the highest value for such peptide-Gd(III) complexes so far. Such an enhancement of r1 value could be applied for enzyme detection in aqueous solutions and cell lysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongquan Hua
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, P. R. China
| | - Guojuan Pu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Caiwen Ou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jiangtao Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P. R. China
| | - Zhimou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Minsheng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, P. R. China
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Li X, Pu G, Yu X, Shi S, Yu J, Zhao W, Luo Z, He Z, Chen H. Supramolecular hydrogel of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: preparation, characterization and ocular biocompatibility. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra09615h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A supramolecular hydrogel based on a peptide (GFFY) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (naproxen and ibuprofen) was synthesized for use as a topical gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyi Li
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Guojuan Pu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Xinxin Yu
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Shuai Shi
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Jing Yu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Wenguang Zhao
- Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Zichao Luo
- Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Zhifen He
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- P.R. China
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Liang R, Luo Z, Pu G, Wu W, Shi S, Yu J, Zhang Z, Chen H, Li X. Self-assembled peptide-based supramolecular hydrogel for ophthalmic drug delivery. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11691d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional ophthalmic formulations such as eye drops normally suffer from limited therapeutic efficacy with a requirement for frequent instillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renlong Liang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325027
- P. R. China
| | - Zichao Luo
- Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325035
- P. R. China
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
| | - Guojuan Pu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325035
- P. R. China
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
| | - Wei Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325027
- P. R. China
| | - Shuai Shi
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325027
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Yu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325035
- P. R. China
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering
| | - Zhaoliang Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325027
- P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325027
- P. R. China
| | - Xingyi Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Eye Hospital
- Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou 325027
- P. R. China
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Abstract
A supramolecular hydrogel that can release the anti-cancer drug BTZ is reported in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojuan Pu
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou 213164, P. R. China
| | - Chunhua Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- College of Pharmacy
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Design
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Dongxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- College of Pharmacy
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Design
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology
- College of Pharmacy
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Design
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jiangtao Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou 213164, P. R. China
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10
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Feng Q, Cui F, Pu G, Wang R, Li H. Crystal orientation, toughening mechanisms and a mimic of nacre. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0928-4931(00)00138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kong H, Yang J, Dong Z, Yang Z, Pu G. [Cell infiltration in nasal polyps and it's pathological significance]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi 1999; 13:339-40. [PMID: 12541354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the relation between inflammatory cells infiltration in nasal polyp tissues and it's pathogenesis. METHOD Nasal mucosa from 10 normal individual and 4 patients of nasal polyps were studied with immunohistochemical technique and histopathologic examination. RESULT The number of eosinophils, CD68 positive cells and monocytes was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in nasal polyps tissues than in the normal controls. CONCLUSION Infiltration of inflammatory effector cells such as eosinphils and chronic inflammatory changes of the nasal mucosa might play a role in nasal polyps sprouting.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Third Clinical College, Norman Bethune University of Medical Sciences, Changchun 130031
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12
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Abstract
Cationic porphyrins have a wide variety of uses including those as nucleic acid binding and cleaving agents, as potential pharmacological agents, as electron donor/acceptors in intramolecular electron transfer processes and as analytical reagents. Herein, we report the separation of cationic porphyrins by capillary electrophoresis on fused silica in phosphate buffer at pH 2-5. The porphyrins studied in this work were synthesized from alkylation of the parent tetrapyridylporphyrin (TPyP) to give various pyridinium porphyrins. For example, methylation of TPyP gives a mixture of the mono-, cis-di-, trans-di-, tri- and tetramethylated porphyrins [e.g., 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(N-methyl-4-pyridiniumyl)-21H,23H-p orphyrin, TMPyP(4)]. Capillary electrophoresis on a synthetic mixture showed separation of four of these compounds. Mixtures after alkylation with iodopropionic acid and bromopropylamine were also separated. The cis-di- and trimethylated TMPyP derivatives were separated on a small preparative scale by centrifugal partition chromatography. Capillary electrophoresis was also used to separate metallo TMPyP(4) complexes including those of cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, palladium, tin, vanadium and zinc. The conformational isomers (atropisomers) of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(N-methyl-2-pyridiniumyl)-21H,23H-p orphyrin, TMPyP(2), were also separated. Net charge, molecular mass and molecular shape all contribute to the differential retention of cationic porphyrins under capillary electrophoresis conditions. Additional factors affecting the separations, including aggregation and protonation of the porphyrins, were probed by evaluating the separation of TMPyP(4) and its butyl and octyl analogs as a function of solution conditions. Cationic porphyrins are difficult to separate using traditional chromatographic methods; capillary electrophoresis and centrifugal partition chromatography provide excellent new techniques for separation of this class of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303, USA
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Yang Z, Pu G. [Current status and problems in nasal surgery in China]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi 1997; 32:133-4. [PMID: 10743147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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