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Moitinho-Silva L, Boraczynski N, Emmert H, Baurecht H, Szymczak S, Schulz H, Haller D, Linseisen J, Gieger C, Peters A, Tittmann L, Lieb W, Bang C, Franke A, Rodriguez E, Weidinger S. Host traits, lifestyle and environment are associated with human skin bacteria. Br J Dermatol 2021; 185:573-584. [PMID: 33733457 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human skin offers diverse ecosystems for microbial symbionts. However, the factors shaping skin-microbiome interactions are still insufficiently characterized. This contrasts with the broader knowledge about factors influencing gut microbiota. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate major patterns of association of host traits, lifestyle and environmental factors with skin bacteria in two German populations. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study with 647 participants from two population-based German cohorts, PopGen (n = 294) and KORA FF4 (n = 353), totalling 1794 skin samples. The V1-V2 regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene were sequenced. Associations were tested with two bacterial levels, community (beta diversity) and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequence variants (ASVs). RESULTS We validated known associations of the skin microbiota with skin microenvironment, age, body mass index and sex. These factors were associated with beta diversity and abundance of ASVs in PopGen, which was largely replicated in KORA FF4. Most intriguingly, dietary macronutrients and total dietary energy were associated with several ASVs. ASVs were also associated with smoking, alcohol consumption, skin pH, skin type, transepidermal water loss, education and several environmental exposures, including hours spent outdoors. Associated ASVs included members of the genera Propionibacterium, Corynebacterium and Staphylococcus. CONCLUSIONS We expand the current understanding of factors associated with the skin bacterial community. We show the association of diet with skin bacteria. Finally, we hypothesize that the skin microenvironment and host physiology would shape the skin bacterial community to a greater extent compared with a single skin physiological feature, lifestyle and environmental exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Moitinho-Silva
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - N Boraczynski
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - H Emmert
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - H Baurecht
- Department for Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - S Szymczak
- Institute of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Kiel University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - H Schulz
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - D Haller
- ZIEL Institute for Food and Health, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - J Linseisen
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,ZIEL Institute for Food and Health, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany.,Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, at UNIKA-T Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - C Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - A Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - L Tittmann
- Biobank PopGen and Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - W Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - C Bang
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - A Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - E Rodriguez
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - S Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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Baurecht H, Welker C, Baumeister SE, Weidnger S, Meisinger C, Leitzmann MF, Emmert H. Relationship between atopic dermatitis, depression and anxiety: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Br J Dermatol 2021; 185:781-786. [PMID: 33817779 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence suggests that atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with an increased risk of depressive disorders and anxiety. However, existing studies were observational and may have uncovered correlations but could not easily disentangle noncausal or reverse-causal associations because these associations could be confounded and may not reflect true causal relationships. OBJECTIVES To examine, in a two-sample Mendelian randomization study, the potential effect of AD on the risk of depressive disorders and anxiety. METHODS Genetic instruments from the largest available genome-wide association study (GWAS) for AD (10 788 cases and 30 047 controls) were used to investigate the relationship to broad depression (170 756 cases and 329 443 controls), major depressive disorder (MDD; 30 603 cases and 143 916 controls) and anxiety (5580 cases and 11 730 controls). A set of complementary approaches were carried out to assess horizontal pleiotropy and related potential caveats occurring in MR studies. RESULTS We observed no causal impact of AD on the risk of depressive disorders and anxiety, with close-to-zero effect estimates. The inverse weighted method revealed no associations of AD on broad depression [odds ratio (OR) 1·014; P = 0·431], probable MDD (OR 1·002; P = 0·568), International Classification of Diseases, Ninth/Tenth Revision-based MDD (OR 1·001; P = 0·466) or anxiety (OR 1·097; P = 0·180). CONCLUSIONS This MR study does not support a causal effect of AD on depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Baurecht
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Germany
| | - C Welker
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Germany
| | - S-E Baumeister
- Chair of Epidemiology, LMU München, UNIKA-T Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany.,Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany.,University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - S Weidnger
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - C Meisinger
- Chair of Epidemiology, LMU München, UNIKA-T Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany.,Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - M F Leitzmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Germany
| | - H Emmert
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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3
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Baurecht H, Rodríguez E, Thielking F, Weidinger S. 412 Atopic dermatitis and filaggrin deficiency lead to characteristic shifts of skin microbiome. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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4
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Weidinger S, Baurecht H, Schmitt J. A 5-year randomized trial on the safety and efficacy of pimecrolimus in atopic dermatitis: a critical appraisal. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:999-1003. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein; Campus Kiel, Schittenhelmstrasse 7 24105 Kiel Germany
| | - H. Baurecht
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein; Campus Kiel, Schittenhelmstrasse 7 24105 Kiel Germany
| | - J. Schmitt
- Center for Evidence-based Healthcare; Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus; TU Dresden; Dresden Germany
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Wehkamp U, Degenhardt F, Rodríguez E, Baurecht H, Volks N, Thielking F, Franke A, Weidinger S. 437 Integrated molecular and morphological characterization of psoriasis skin provides insights into disease mechanisms. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Pigors M, Common J, Wong C, Malik S, Scott C, Foo J, Liu J, Margolis D, van Heel D, Baurecht H, Rodriguez E, Weidinger S, O’Toole E, Simpson M, Kelsell D. 380 Exome sequencing and rare variant analysis reveals multiple filaggrin mutations in Bangladeshi atopic eczema families and novel risk genes. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.02.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kretschmer A, Möller G, Lee H, Laumen H, von Toerne C, Schramm K, Prokisch H, Eyerich S, Wahl S, Baurecht H, Franke A, Claussnitzer M, Eyerich K, Teumer A, Milani L, Klopp N, Hauck SM, Illig T, Peters A, Waldenberger M, Adamski J, Reischl E, Weidinger S. A common atopy-associated variant in the Th2 cytokine locus control region impacts transcriptional regulation and alters SMAD3 and SP1 binding. Allergy 2014; 69:632-42. [PMID: 24661001 DOI: 10.1111/all.12394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 immune responses directed by Th2 cells and characterized by the signature cytokines IL4, IL5, and IL13 play major pathogenic roles in atopic diseases. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the human Th2 cytokine locus in particular in a locus control region within the DNA repair gene RAD50, containing several RAD50 DNase1-hypersensitive sites (RHS), have been robustly associated with atopic traits in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Functional variants in IL13 have been intensely studied, whereas no causative variants for the IL13-independent RAD50 signal have been identified yet. This study aimed to characterize the functional impact of the atopy-associated polymorphism rs2240032 located in the human RHS7 on cis-regulatory activity and differential binding of transcription factors. METHODS Differential transcription factor binding was analyzed by electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) with Jurkat T-cell nuclear extracts. Identification of differentially binding factors was performed using mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Reporter vector constructs carrying either the major or minor allele of rs2240032 were tested for regulating transcriptional activity in Jurkat and HeLa cells. RESULTS The variant rs2240032 impacts transcriptional activity and allele-specific binding of SMAD3, SP1, and additional putative protein complex partners. We further demonstrate that rs2240032 is located in an RHS7 subunit which itself encompasses repressor activity and might be important for the fine-tuning of transcription regulation within this region. CONCLUSION The human RHS7 critically contributes to the regulation of gene transcription, and the common atopy-associated polymorphism rs2240032 impacts transcriptional activity and transcription factor binding.
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Hotze M, Baurecht H, Rodríguez E, Chapman-Rothe N, Ollert M, Fölster-Holst R, Adamski J, Illig T, Ring J, Weidinger S. Increased efficacy of omalizumab in atopic dermatitis patients with wild-type filaggrin status and higher serum levels of phosphatidylcholines. Allergy 2014; 69:132-5. [PMID: 24111531 DOI: 10.1111/all.12234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Omalizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting IgE, is an established therapy for severe allergic asthma and has shown efficacy in chronic spontaneous urticaria. Small-scale studies indicated some beneficial effect also in atopic dermatitis (AD). To evaluate the efficacy of omalizumab in AD and to identify markers associated with treatment response, we conducted a prospective 28-week open-label trial on 20 adults with moderate-to-severe AD. Our results confirm previous observations of a positive response in a subgroup of patients and suggest that responders are characterized by the absence of filaggrin mutations and altered lipid metabolite profiles with high levels of various glycerophospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Hotze
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venerology; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein; Kiel Germany
| | - H. Baurecht
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venerology; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein; Kiel Germany
- Graduate School of Information Science in Health (GSISH); Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
| | - E. Rodríguez
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venerology; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein; Kiel Germany
| | | | - M. Ollert
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
| | - R. Fölster-Holst
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venerology; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein; Kiel Germany
| | - J. Adamski
- Institute of Experimental Genetics; Genome Analysis Center; Helmholtz Zentrum München; Neuherberg Germany
- Chair of Experimental Genetics; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
| | - T. Illig
- Hannover Unified Biobank; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
| | - J. Ring
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
| | - S. Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venerology; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein; Kiel Germany
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Ried JS, Baurecht H, Stückler F, Krumsiek J, Gieger C, Heinrich J, Kabesch M, Prehn C, Peters A, Rodriguez E, Schulz H, Strauch K, Suhre K, Wang-Sattler R, Wichmann HE, Theis FJ, Illig T, Adamski J, Weidinger S. Integrative genetic and metabolite profiling analysis suggests altered phosphatidylcholine metabolism in asthma. Allergy 2013; 68:629-36. [PMID: 23452035 DOI: 10.1111/all.12110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many risk loci for asthma, but effect sizes are small, and in most cases, the biological mechanisms are unclear. Targeted metabolite quantification that provides information about a whole range of pathways of intermediary metabolism can help to identify biomarkers and investigate disease mechanisms. Combining genetic and metabolic information can aid in characterizing genetic association signals with high resolution. This work aimed to investigate the interrelation of current asthma, candidate asthma risk alleles and a panel of metabolites. METHODS We investigated 151 metabolites, quantified by targeted mass spectrometry, in fasting serum of asthmatic and nonasthmatic individuals from the population-based KORA F4 study (N = 2925). In addition, we analysed effects of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 24 asthma risk loci on these metabolites. RESULTS Increased levels of various phosphatidylcholines and decreased levels of various lyso-phosphatidylcholines were associated with asthma. Likewise, asthma risk alleles from the PDED3 and MED24 genes at the asthma susceptibility locus 17q21 were associated with increased concentrations of various phosphatidylcholines with consistent effect directions. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated the potential of metabolomics to infer asthma-related biomarkers by the identification of potentially deregulated phospholipids that associate with asthma and asthma risk alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. S. Ried
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health; Neuherberg; Germany
| | - H. Baurecht
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology, and Venerology; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel; Kiel; Germany
| | - F. Stückler
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health; Neuherberg; Germany
| | - J. Krumsiek
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health; Neuherberg; Germany
| | - C. Gieger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health; Neuherberg; Germany
| | - J. Heinrich
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health; Neuherberg; Germany
| | - M. Kabesch
- University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO); Department of Pediatric Pneumology and Allergy; Regensburg
| | - C. Prehn
- Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health; Neuherberg; Germany
| | | | - E. Rodriguez
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology, and Venerology; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel; Kiel; Germany
| | - H. Schulz
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health; Neuherberg; Germany
| | | | | | - R. Wang-Sattler
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health; Neuherberg; Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - S. Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology, and Venerology; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel; Kiel; Germany
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Maintz L, Yu CF, Rodríguez E, Baurecht H, Bieber T, Illig T, Weidinger S, Novak N. Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the diamine oxidase gene with diamine oxidase serum activities. Allergy 2011; 66:893-902. [PMID: 21488903 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02548.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histamine intolerance (HIT) is associated with an excess of histamine because of an impaired function of the histamine-degrading enzyme diamine oxidase (DAO). The genetic background of HIT is unknown yet. METHODS Case-control association study of all haplotype tagging and four previously reported DAO SNPs and one HNMT Single nucleotide polymorphism with symptoms of HIT and DAO serum activity in 484 German individuals including 285 patients with clinical symptoms of HIT and 199 controls. RESULTS Diamine oxidase serum activity was significantly associated with seven SNPs within the DAO gene. The minor allele at rs2052129, rs2268999, rs10156191 and rs1049742 increased the risk for a reduced DAO activity whereas showing a moderate protective effect at rs2071514, rs1049748 and rs2071517 in the genotypic (P = 2.1 × 10(-8) , 7.6 × 10(-10) , 8.3 × 10(-10) , 0.009, 0.005, 0.00001, 0.006, respectively) and allelic genetic model (P = 2.5 × 10(-11) , 5.4 × 10(-13) , 8.9 × 10(-13) , 0.00002, 0.006, 0.0003, 0.005, respectively). Reporter gene assays at rs2052129 revealed a lower promoter activity (P = 0.016) of the minor allele. DAO mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of homozygous carriers of the minor allele at rs2052129, rs2268999, rs10156191 was lower (P = 0.002) than homozygous carriers of the major allele. Diamine oxidase variants were not associated with the HIT phenotype per se, only with DAO activity alone and the subgroup of HIT patients displaying a reduced DAO activity. CONCLUSIONS DAO gene variants strongly influence DAO expression and activity but alone are not sufficient to fully effectuate the potentially associated disease state of HIT, suggesting an interplay of genetic and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Maintz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Naumann A, Wagenpfeil S, Baurecht H, Söderhäll C, Rüther A, Illig T, Weidinger S. Negativreport bei genetischen Assoziationsstudien. Gesundheitswesen 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1266735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Jungersted JM, Scheer H, Mempel M, Baurecht H, Cifuentes L, Høgh JK, Hellgren LI, Jemec GBE, Agner T, Weidinger S. Stratum corneum lipids, skin barrier function and filaggrin mutations in patients with atopic eczema. Allergy 2010; 65:911-8. [PMID: 20132155 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02326.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior to the discovery of filaggrin (FLG) mutations, evidence for an impaired skin barrier in atopic dermatitis (AD) has been documented, and changes in ceramide profile, altered skin pH and increased trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) in patients with AD have been reported. Until now, no studies have analysed stratum corneum (SC) lipids combined with skin barrier parameters in subjects of known FLG genotype. METHODS A cohort of 49 German individuals genotyped for the most common FLG mutations (R501X, 2282del4) had SC samples taken for lipid analysis by high-performance thin layer chromatography. In addition, TEWL, erythema, skin hydration and pH were measured. In 27 of the 49 individuals, a 24-h irritation patch test with sodium lauryl sulphate was performed. For the analysis, both the AD group and the control group were stratified by FLG mutation status (FLGmut/FLGwt). RESULTS In the FLGmut AD group, significantly lower levels of ceramide 4 and significantly higher levels of ceramide 7 were observed when compared to both healthy control groups. However, ceramide 7 levels also significantly differed between FLGwt AD and FLGwt controls, as did ceramide 1 levels. No significant differences were observed for ceramide 2, 3, 5 and 6. FLGmut individuals had significantly higher skin pH values than individuals not carrying FLG mutations. Patients with AD with FLG mutations had significantly higher erythema compared to patients with AD without FLG mutations. CONCLUSION Our results confirm previous observations of altered ceramide levels in AD, which however appear to show no clear relationship with FLG mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Jungersted
- Department of Dermatology, Roskilde Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark.
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Mahachie John JM, Baurecht H, Rodríguez E, Naumann A, Wagenpfeil S, Klopp N, Mempel M, Novak N, Bieber T, Wichmann HE, Ring J, Illig T, Cattaert T, Van Steen K, Weidinger S. Analysis of the high affinity IgE receptor genes reveals epistatic effects of FCER1A variants on eczema risk. Allergy 2010; 65:875-82. [PMID: 20028371 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02297.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High levels of total and allergen-specific IgE levels are a key feature in allergic diseases. The high-affinity receptor for IgE, which is composed of one alpha (FCER1A), one beta (FCER1B), and two gamma (FCER1G) subunits, represents the central receptor of IgE-induced reactions. In a genome-wide association scan, we recently identified associations between functional FCER1A variants and total serum IgE levels. Previous studies had reported linkage and association of FCER1B variants with IgE and atopic traits. The FCER1G gene has not yet been investigated with regard to atopy. Filaggrin (FLG) is the strongest known risk gene for eczema, in particular the allergic subtype of eczema. METHODS We investigated the association of FCER1A, FCER1B, and FCER1G variants with IgE in a large population-based cohort (n = 4261) and tested for epistatic effects using the model-based multifactor dimensionality reduction (MB-MDR) method. In addition, we investigated a potential interaction between FLG and FCER1A variants in a large collection of eczema cases (n = 1018) and population controls. RESULTS Three strongly correlated FCER1A polymorphisms were significantly associated with total and specific IgE levels as well as allergic sensitization. No associations were seen for FCER1B and FCER1G. After adjustment for FLG effects, a significant epistatic effect of the FCER1A variants rs10489854 and rs2511211 on eczema risk was detected. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that FCER1A variants by themselves and in combination influence IgE levels and act synergistically to influence eczema risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Mahachie John
- Systems and Modeling Unit, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Kovacs L, Zimmermann A, Brockmann G, Gühring M, Baurecht H, Papadopulos NA, Schwenzer-Zimmerer K, Sader R, Biemer E, Zeilhofer HF. Three-dimensional recording of the human face with a 3D laser scanner. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2006; 59:1193-202. [PMID: 17046629 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2005.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2005] [Revised: 10/16/2005] [Accepted: 10/16/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional recording of the surface of the human body or of certain anatomical areas has gained an ever increasing importance in recent years. When recording living surfaces, such as the human face, not only has a varying degree of surface complexity to be accounted for, but also a variety of other factors, such as motion artefacts. It is of importance to establish standards for the recording procedure, which will optimise results and allow for better comparison and validation. In the study presented here, the faces of five male test persons were scanned in different experimental settings using non-contact 3D digitisers, type Minolta Vivid 910). Among others, the influence of the number of scanners used, the angle of recording, the head position of the test person, the impact of the examiner and of examination time on accuracy and precision of the virtual face models generated from the scanner data with specialised software were investigated. Computed data derived from the virtual models were compared to corresponding reference measurements carried out manually between defined landmarks on the test persons' faces. We describe experimental conditions that were of benefit in optimising the quality of scanner recording and the reliability of three-dimensional surface imaging. However, almost 50% of distances between landmarks derived from the virtual models deviated more than 2mm from the reference of manual measurements on the volunteers' faces.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kovacs
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaningerstr. 22, D-81675 Munich, Germany.
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Kovacs L, Zimmermann A, Brockmann G, Baurecht H, Schwenzer-Zimmerer K, Papadopulos NA, Papadopoulos MA, Sader R, Biemer E, Zeilhofer HF. Accuracy and precision of the three-dimensional assessment of the facial surface using a 3-D laser scanner. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 2006; 25:742-54. [PMID: 16768239 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2006.873624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3-D) recording of the surface of the human body or anatomical areas has gained importance in many medical specialties. Thus, it is important to determine scanner precision and accuracy in defined medical applications and to establish standards for the recording procedure. Here we evaluated the precision and accuracy of 3-D assessment of the facial area with the Minolta Vivid 910 3D Laser Scanner. We also investigated the influence of factors related to the recording procedure and the processing of scanner data on final results. These factors include lighting, alignment of scanner and object, the examiner, and the software used to convert measurements into virtual images. To assess scanner accuracy, we compared scanner data to those obtained by manual measurements on a dummy. Less than 7% of all results with the scanner method were outside a range of error of 2 mm when compared to corresponding reference measurements. Accuracy, thus, proved to be good enough to satisfy requirements for numerous clinical applications. Moreover, the experiments completed with the dummy yielded valuable information for optimizing recording parameters for best results. Thus, under defined conditions, precision and accuracy of surface models of the human face recorded with the Minolta Vivid 910 3D Scanner presumably can also be enhanced. Future studies will involve verification of our findings using test persons. The current findings indicate that the Minolta Vivid 910 3D Scanner might be used with benefit in medicine when recording the 3-D surface structures of the face.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kovacs
- Department for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany.
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