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Masoumi H, Ghaemi A. Hypercrosslinked waste polycarbonate to remove heavy metal contaminants from wastewater. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4817. [PMID: 38413656 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54430-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
In this research, the waste polycarbonate was hypercrosslinked during the Friedel-Crafts reaction to eliminate metallic ions from the wastewater solution. The experiments for inspecting the adsorption behavior of lead and cadmium ions were conducted at the initial concentration of 20-100 mg/L, contact time of 10-80 min, temperature of 20-80 °C, and pH of 6-11. The isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic models have been used to explain the behavior of the metal ions removal process. The correlation coefficient and adsorption capacity of the kinetic model for cadmium ion have obtained 0.995 and 160.183 mg/g, respectively, and the correlation coefficient and adsorption capacity of the kinetic model for lead ion has obtained 0.998 and 160.53 mg/g, respectively, which declared that the cascade was not monolayer. The correlation coefficient of the Freundlich is calculated at 0.995 and 0.998 for Cd and Pb, respectively, indicating the resin plane was not homogenized. The n constant for cadmium and lead ions has been calculated at 2.060 and 1.836, respectively, confirming that the resin is not homogenized, and the process has performed well. Afterward, the values of enthalpy and Gibbs free energy changes were obtained at - 7.68 kJ/mol and - 0.0231 kJ/mol.K for lead ions, respectively, which implies the exothermic and spontaneous state of the process. The values of enthalpy and Gibbs free energy changes have been obtained at - 6.62 kJ/mol and - 0.0204 kJ/mol.K for cadmium ions, respectively, which implies the exothermic and spontaneous nature of the adsorption. Also, the optimal empirical conditions for lead and cadmium ions have been found at a time of 60 min, temperature of 20 °C, initial concentration of 100 mg/L, and pH of 10. At a time of 45 min, the diffusion coefficient and mass transfer coefficient for lead ions have been calculated at 0.1269 × 1020 m2/s and 0.2028 × 1015 m/s, respectively. In addition, at a time of 45 min, the diffusion coefficient and mass transfer coefficient for cadmium ions have been calculated at 0.1463 × 1020 m2/s and 0.1054 × 1015 m/s, respectively. Moreover, the mechanism study explains that the C-O-C and C-H in the aromatic groups have a crucial aspect in the bond formation among metallic ions and resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadiseh Masoumi
- School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahad Ghaemi
- School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
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Aslani A, Masoumi H, Ghanadzadeh Gilani H, Ghaemi A. Improving adsorption performance of L-ascorbic acid from aqueous solution using magnetic rice husk as an adsorbent: experimental and RSM modeling. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10860. [PMID: 37407701 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38093-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this research, rice husk (RH) was utilized to prepare a magnetic adsorbent for adsorption of ascorbic acid (AA). The magnetic agent is iron(III) chloride (FeCl3). The impact of acid concentration in the range of 400-800 ppm, adsorbent dosage in the range of 0.5-1 g, and contact time in the range of 10-130 min were studied. The Langmuir model had the highest R2 of 0.9982, 0.9996, and 0.9985 at the temperature of 15, 25, and 35 °C, respectively, and the qmax values in these temperatures have been calculated at 19.157, 31.34, and 38.75 mg/g, respectively. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model had the best agreement with the experimental results. In this kinetic model, the values of q have been measured at 36.496, 45.248, and 49.019 mg/g at the acid concentration of 418, 600, and 718 ppm, respectively. The values of ΔHo and ΔSo were measured 31.972 kJ/mol and 120.253 kJ/mol K, respectively, which proves the endothermic and irregularity nature of the adsorption of AA. Besides, the optimum conditions of the design-expert software have been obtained 486.929 ppm of acid concentration, 0.875 g of the adsorbent dosage, and 105.397 min of the contact time, and the adsorption efficiency in these conditions was determined at 92.94%. The surface area of the RH and modified RH was determined of 98.17 and 120.23 m2/g, respectively, which confirms the high surface area of these two adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Aslani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, 4199613776, Iran
| | - Hadiseh Masoumi
- School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 13114-16846, Iran
| | | | - Ahad Ghaemi
- School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 13114-16846, Iran.
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Masoumi H, Ghaemi A, Ghanadzadeh Gilani H. Surveying the elimination of hazardous heavy metal from the multi-component systems using various sorbents: a review. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2022; 20:1047-1087. [PMID: 36406597 PMCID: PMC9672201 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-022-00832-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this review, several adsorbents were studied for the elimination of heavy metal ions from multi-component wastewaters. These utilized sorbents are mineral materials, microbes, waste materials, and polymers. It was attempted to probe the structure and chemistry characteristics such as surface morphology, main functional groups, participated elements, surface area, and the adsorbent charges by SEM, FTIR, EDX, and BET tests. The uptake efficiency for metal ions, reusability studies, isotherm models, and kinetic relations for recognizing the adsorbent potentials. Besides, the influential factors such as acidity, initial concentration, time, and heat degree were investigated for selecting the optimum operating conditions in each of the adsorbents. According to the results, polymers especially chitosan, have displayed a higher adsorption capacity relative to the other common adsorbents owing to the excellent surface area and more functional groups such as amine, hydroxyl, and carboxyl species. The high surface area generates the possible active sites for trapping the particles, and the more effective functional groups can complex more metal ions from the polluted water. Also, it was observed that the uptake capacity of each metal ion in the multi-component solutions was different because the ionic radii of each metal ion were different, which influence the competition of metal ions for filling the active sites. Finally, the reusability of the polymers was suitable, because they can use several cycles which proves the economic aspect of the polymers as the adsorbent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadiseh Masoumi
- School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 13114-16846 Iran
| | - Ahad Ghaemi
- School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, 13114-16846 Iran
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Masoumi H, Ghaemi A, Gilani HG. Experimental and RSM study of Hypercrosslinked polystyrene in elimination of lead, cadmium and nickel ions in single and multi-component systems. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Masoumi H, Ghaemi A, Gannadzadeh Gilani H. Synthesis of polystyrene-based hyper-cross-linked polymers for Cd(II) ions removal from aqueous solutions: Experimental and RSM modeling. J Hazard Mater 2021; 416:125923. [PMID: 34492855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The hyper-cross-linked polymers (HCPs) based on the polystyrene was synthesized during the Friedel-Craft reaction in various situations. The HCPs synthesis were carried out in various operating conditions including reaction time in the range of 3-23 h, the ratio of cross-linker to monomer in range of 1-5 at temperature of 80 ℃. In addition, the cadmium adsorption process was carried out at a temperature in the range of 25-85 ℃ and initial cadmium concentration in the range of 10-100 mg/L. The response surface methodology (RSM) has been applied for optimizing the process using synthesis and adsorption parameters. The optimized synthesis conditions were obtained 3.32, 11.26 h, 80 ℃, in ratio, synthesis time, and temperature, respectively. Also, the optimized adsorption conditions were obtained 80 mg/L and 35 ℃, initial cadmium ion concentration, and temperature, respectively. The surface area and thermal stability were obtained at 853.89 m2/g and 450 ℃, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity and removal efficiency had been obtained 950 mg/g and 92% at a temperature of 20 ℃, after 80 min, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity and removal efficiency were observed in the initial concentration of 120 mg/L and 10 mg/L, respectively. The adsorption process behavior was surveyed using isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic models. The isotherm results showed that the adsorption of cadmium by HCPs is multi-layer and heterogeneous. The thermodynamic parameters showed that the process is exothermic and spontaneous. Finally, the kinetic results showed that the process occurred physically and slowly as the temperature raised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadiseh Masoumi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht 4199613776, Iran
| | - Ahad Ghaemi
- School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 13114-16846, Iran.
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Masoumi H, Ghaemi A, Gilani HG. Evaluation of hyper-cross-linked polymers performances in the removal of hazardous heavy metal ions: A review. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.118221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Masoumi H, Penchah HR, Gilani HG, Shaldehi TJ. Malic acid extraction from aqueous solution by using aqueous two-phase system method. Results in Chemistry 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2019.100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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Safavi SM, Masoumi H, Mirian SS, Tabrizchi M. Sorting of polypropylene resins by color in MSW using visible reflectance spectroscopy. Waste Manag 2010; 30:2216-2222. [PMID: 20674323 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2010.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 06/27/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, an automated sorter is proposed for distinguishing polypropylene (PP) plastics based on their color. This sorting system uses visible (VIS) reflectance spectroscopy to separate PP resins according to their colors. A "Three-Filter" identification algorithm was developed to recognize the PP color (blue, red, green, white or yellow), and accordingly, give the command for throwing or not throwing PP to a series of electro pneumatic valves. The proposed sorting system was demonstrated to be fast and accurate, despite the presence of different labels and surface contamination on the PP resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Safavi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, IUT - Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
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Ganesan K, Masoumi H, Dietrich R, Hesselink J. Intracavernous sinus solid-cystic haemangiopericytoma: a rare entity with radiology-pathology correlation. Clin Radiol 2010; 65:339-42. [PMID: 20338403 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2009.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2009] [Revised: 08/22/2009] [Accepted: 08/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Ganesan
- Departments of Radiology University of California, San Diego, 200 West Arbor Drive, San Diego, CA 92103-8226, USA.
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