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Takahashi S, Namioka Y, Azis HR, Sano T, Aono M, Koshiyama M, Fujisawa H, Isoda H. Prohydrojasmon Promotes the Accumulation of Phenolic Compounds in Red Leaf Lettuce. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10091920. [PMID: 34579452 PMCID: PMC8468872 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prohydrojasmon (PDJ) is a synthetic jasmonate derivative that is primarily used as a growth regulator, but its mechanism of action is unclear. In this study, we elucidated the effects of PDJ on phytochemical production in red leaf lettuce. The PDJ treatments promoted the accumulation of phenolic compounds in aerial plant parts. An LC-MS analysis revealed that these accumulated compounds were identified as cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-(6″-O-malonyl)-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-(6″-O-malonyl)-glucoside methyl ester. The abundance of these compounds in lettuce extracts increased significantly in response to the PDJ treatment. Additionally, the LC-MS analysis also identified the accumulated phenolic compounds in the extracts of PDJ-treated lettuce, including caffeoyltartaric acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeoylmalic acid, chicoric acid, and dicaffeoylquinic acid. Gene expression analyses indicated the PDJ treatments upregulated the expression of PAL, F3H, and ANS genes in lettuce. These results suggest that PDJ treatments enhance the expression of genes involved in the synthesis of anthocyanins and phenolic compounds, resulting in an increase in the quantities of these compounds, which reportedly have various functions affecting human physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Takahashi
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan;
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan;
- Master’s Program in Life Science Innovation (T-LSI), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Yui Namioka
- Master’s Program in Life Science Innovation (T-LSI), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.A.)
| | - Haidar Rafid Azis
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan;
| | - Tomoharu Sano
- Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan;
| | - Mitsuko Aono
- Master’s Program in Life Science Innovation (T-LSI), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.A.)
- Biodiversity Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
| | - Masami Koshiyama
- Specialty Chemicals Division, Zeon Corporation, Chiyoda, Tokyo 104-8246, Japan;
| | | | - Hiroko Isoda
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan;
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan;
- Master’s Program in Life Science Innovation (T-LSI), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.A.)
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Azis HR, Etteieb S, Takahashi S, Koshiyama M, Fujisawa H, Isoda H. Effect of prohydrojasmon on total phenolic content, anthocyanin accumulation and antioxidant activity in komatsuna and lettuce. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2020; 84:178-186. [PMID: 31581931 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1673146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Prohydrojasmon has been reported to improve the quality of crops. However, most previous studies have investigated its application on fruits. Here, we evaluated the effect of prohydrojasmon on the growth and total phenolic content, anthocyanin content, and antioxidant activity in komatsuna (Brassica rapa var. periviridis) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Prohydrojasmon did not show any serious inhibitory effect. Prohydrojasmon applied to komatsuna at a concentration of 0.5 µM significantly increased the total phenolic content and anthocyanin content, and a concentration of 1 µM increased the antioxidant activity. In lettuce, prohydrojasmon at a concentration of 400 µM significantly increased the total phenolic content and anthocyanin content, while a concentration of 0.5 µM significantly increased the antioxidant activity. These results suggest that prohydrojasmon positively affects the phenolic compound and anthocyanin accumulation and antioxidant activity in komatsuna and lettuce without adversely affecting growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidar Rafid Azis
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Selma Etteieb
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Laboratory of Water Science and Technology (LSTE), National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia INAT, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Shinya Takahashi
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | | | - Hiroko Isoda
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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