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Jeon S, Hong H, Choi N, Joo HG. Methods and performance of a GPU-based pinwise two-step nodal code VANGARD. Progress in Nuclear Energy 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2022.104528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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2
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Kim KM, Im J, Choi N, Lee HG, Joo HG. High-Performance and High-Fidelity GPU Based Monte Carlo Solutions to the BEAVRS Benchmark. NUCL SCI ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00295639.2022.2148812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Min Kim
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jaeuk Im
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Namjae Choi
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Han Gyu Lee
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Han Gyu Joo
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Im J, Jeong MJ, Choi N, Kim KM, Cho HK, Joo HG. Multiphysics Analysis System for Heat Pipe Cooled Micro Reactors Employing PRAGMA-OpenFOAM-ANLHTP. NUCL SCI ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00295639.2022.2143209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaeuk Im
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Myung Jin Jeong
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Namjae Choi
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyung Min Kim
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyoung Kyu Cho
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Han Gyu Joo
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Gonzalez-Amoros J, Papadionysiou M, Kim S, Joo HG. Capability Extension of the High-Resolution Thermal-Hydraulic Code ESCOT for Hexagonal Geometry Core Multiphysics Analysis. NUCL SCI ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00295639.2022.2140577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marianna Papadionysiou
- Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Nuclear Energy and Safety Division (NES), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Seongchan Kim
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Han Gyu Joo
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Papadionysiou M, Kim S, Hursin M, Vasiliev A, Ferroukhi H, Pautz A, Joo HG. Verification and validation of the high-resolution code nTF with VVER-1000 hot zero power monte carlo calculations and experimental data. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2022.109385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Jae S, Joo HG. Analyses of on-the-fly generation of spectral superhomogenization factors for multigroup whole core calculation employing pin-wise slowing-down solutions. Nuclear Engineering and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Papadionysiou M, Kim S, Hursin M, Vasiliev A, Ferroukhi H, Pautz A, Gyu Joo H. Validation of the novel core solver nTRACER/COBRA-TF for full core high fidelity cycle analysis of VVERs. Nuclear Engineering and Design 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2022.111946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lee J, Joo HG. Convergence analysis of fixed-point iteration with Anderson Acceleration on a simplified neutronics/thermal-hydraulics system. Nuclear Engineering and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Choi N, Joo HG. Relative Speed Tabulation Method for Efficient Treatment of Resonance Scattering in GPU-Based Monte Carlo Neutron Transport Calculation. NUCL SCI ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00295639.2021.1887701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Namjae Choi
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Han Gyu Joo
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Kang J, Ryu M, Jae S, Kim H, Joo HG. Direct whole core modeling and simulation of the SPERT III E-Core experiments by nTRACER. Progress in Nuclear Energy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2021.103824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Cho HH, Kang J, Yoon JI, Joo HG. Analysis of C5G7-TD benchmark with a multi-group pin homogenized SP3 code SPHINCS. Nuclear Engineering and Technology 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Facchini A, Lee J, Joo HG. Investigation of Anderson acceleration in neutronics-thermal hydraulics coupled direct whole core calculation. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2020.108042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Choi N, Kang J, Lee HG, Joo HG. Practical acceleration of direct whole-core calculation employing graphics processing units. Progress in Nuclear Energy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2021.103631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Choi N, Park H, Lee HG, Jae S, Jeon S, Joo HG. RECENT CAPABILITY AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENTS OF THE WHOLE-CORE TRANSPORT CODE nTRACER. EPJ Web Conf 2021. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202124706033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The whole-core transport code nTRACER has made many advances in recent years. Several innovative cross section treatment methods were developed, a new axial transport solver was introduced for stabilizing the 2D/1D scheme, and substantial computational enhancements were achieved using NVIDIA CUDA and Intel Math Kernel Library (MKL). In addition, gamma transport solver was implemented to predict the power distributions more physically, and the flexibility of the restart calculation was improved using an offline processing code nTIG (nTRACER Input Generator). This paper is the compilation of the recent progresses in nTRACER developments.
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Choi N, Joo HG. Domain decomposition for GPU-Based continuous energy Monte Carlo power reactor calculation. Nuclear Engineering and Technology 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2020.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Papadionysiou M, Seongchan K, Hursin M, Vasiliev A, Ferroukhi H, Pautz A, Joo HG. Assessment of nTRACER and PARCS Performance for VVER Configurations. NUCL SCI ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00295639.2020.1753418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kim Seongchan
- Seoul National University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mathieu Hursin
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Nuclear Energy and Safety Division, Villigen AG, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Vasiliev
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Nuclear Energy and Safety Division, Villigen AG, Switzerland
| | - Hakim Ferroukhi
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Nuclear Energy and Safety Division, Villigen AG, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Pautz
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Nuclear Energy and Safety Division, Villigen AG, Switzerland
| | - Han Gyu Joo
- Seoul National University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Seoul, Korea
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Ban YS, Masiello E, Lenain R, Joo HG, Sanchez R. Code-to-code comparisons on spatial solution capabilities and performances between nTRACER and the standalone IDT solver of APOLLO3®. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Park H, Joo HG. Practical resolution of angle dependency of multigroup resonance cross sections using parametrized spectral superhomogenization factors. Nuclear Engineering and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Hyo Kim
- Seoul National University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, San 56-1 Shinlim-Dong, Kwanak-Ku, Seoul, 151-742 Korea
| | - Jin Young Cho
- Seoul National University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, San 56-1 Shinlim-Dong, Kwanak-Ku, Seoul, 151-742 Korea
| | - Han Gyu Joo
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Daeduk-danji, Taejeon, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gyu Joo
- Purdue University, School of Nuclear Engineering, 1290 Nuclear Engineering Building West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1290
| | - Guobing Jiang
- Purdue University, School of Nuclear Engineering, 1290 Nuclear Engineering Building West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1290
| | - Thomas J. Downar
- Purdue University, School of Nuclear Engineering, 1290 Nuclear Engineering Building West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1290
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gyu Joo
- Purdue University, School of Nuclear Engineering, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1290
| | - Thomas J. Downar
- Purdue University, School of Nuclear Engineering, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1290
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Park HJ, Shim HJ, Joo HG, Kim CH. Uncertainty Quantification of Few-Group Diffusion Theory Constants Generated by the B1Theory-Augmented Monte Carlo Method. NUCL SCI ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nse12-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ho Jin Park
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Daedeok-daero 989-111, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-353, Korea
| | - Hyung Jin Shim
- Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Han Gyu Joo
- Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Chang Hyo Kim
- Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-744, Korea
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Weber DP, Sofu T, Yang WS, Downar TJ, Thomas JW, Zhong Z, Cho JY, Kim KS, Chun TH, Joo HG, Kim CH. High-Fidelity Light Water Reactor Analysis with the Numerical Nuclear Reactor. NUCL SCI ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nse07-a2672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David P. Weber
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - Tanju Sofu
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - Won Sik Yang
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - Thomas J. Downar
- Purdue University, 1290 Nuclear Engineering, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1290
| | - Justin W. Thomas
- Purdue University, 1290 Nuclear Engineering, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1290
| | - Zhaopeng Zhong
- Purdue University, 1290 Nuclear Engineering, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1290
| | - Jin Young Cho
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute 150 Dukjin-dong, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
| | - Kang Seog Kim
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute 150 Dukjin-dong, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Chun
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute 150 Dukjin-dong, Daejeon 305-600, Korea
| | - Han Gyu Joo
- Seoul National University, San 56-1, Sillim-dong, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Chang Hyo Kim
- Seoul National University, San 56-1, Sillim-dong, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Joo HG, Jeong JJ, Cho BO, Lee WJ, Zee SQ. Analysis of the OECD Main Steam Line Break Benchmark Problem Using the Refined Core Thermal-Hydraulic Nodalization Feature of the MARS/MASTER Code. NUCL TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nt142-166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Gyu Joo
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute 150 Deokjin Dong, Yuseong, Daejeon, 305-353, Korea
| | - Jae-Jun Jeong
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute 150 Deokjin Dong, Yuseong, Daejeon, 305-353, Korea
| | - Byung-Oh Cho
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute 150 Deokjin Dong, Yuseong, Daejeon, 305-353, Korea
| | - Won Jae Lee
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute 150 Deokjin Dong, Yuseong, Daejeon, 305-353, Korea
| | - Sung Quun Zee
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute 150 Deokjin Dong, Yuseong, Daejeon, 305-353, Korea
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Park TK, Joo HG, Kim CH, Lee HC. Multiobjective Loading Pattern Optimization by Simulated Annealing Employing Discontinuous Penalty Function and Screening Technique. NUCL SCI ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nse162-134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Kyu Park
- Seoul National University, San 56-1 Sillim-dong, Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Han Gyu Joo
- Seoul National University, San 56-1 Sillim-dong, Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Chang Hyo Kim
- Seoul National University, San 56-1 Sillim-dong, Seoul 151-744, Korea
| | - Hyun Chul Lee
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 150 Deokjin-dong, Daejeon 305-353, Korea
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Kozlowski T, Miller RM, Downar TJ, Barber DA, Joo HG. Consistent Comparison of the Codes RELAP5/PARCS and TRAC-M/PARCS for the OECD MSLB Coupled Code Benchmark. NUCL TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nt04-a3483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kozlowski
- Purdue University, Department of Nuclear EngineeringWest Lafayette, IN 47907-1290
| | - R. Matthew Miller
- Purdue University, Department of Nuclear EngineeringWest Lafayette, IN 47907-1290
| | - Thomas J. Downar
- Purdue University, Department of Nuclear EngineeringWest Lafayette, IN 47907-1290
| | | | - Han Gyu Joo
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Taejon, Korea
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Park TK, Joo HG, Kim CH. Multicycle Fuel Loading Pattern Optimization by Multiobjective Simulated Annealing Employing Adaptively Constrained Discontinuous Penalty Function. NUCL SCI ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nse12-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Kyu Park
- Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-744, Korea
| | - Han Gyu Joo
- Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-744, Korea
| | - Chang Hyo Kim
- Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-744, Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Jin Park
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 1045 Daedeok-daero Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-353, Korea
| | - Hyung Jin Shim
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Han Gyu Joo
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Chang Hyo Kim
- Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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Jung YS, Lim CH, Joo HG. Temperature dependent subgroup formulation with number density adjustment for direct whole core power reactor calculation. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hursin M, Downar TJ, Yoon JI, Joo HG. Assessment of assembly homogenized two-steps core dynamic calculations using direct whole core transport solutions. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bacha M, Joo HG. Pointwise cross-section-based on-the-fly resonance interference treatment with intermediate resonance approximation. Nuclear Engineering and Technology 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Park BW, Joo HG. Improved stiffness confinement method within the coarse mesh finite difference framework for efficient spatial kinetics calculation. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2014.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Tanaka Y, Amos KD, Joo HG, Eberlein TJ, Goedegebuure PS. Modification of the HER2/NEU-derived tumor antigen GP2 improves induction of GP2-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Int J Cancer 2001; 94:540-4. [PMID: 11745441 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.1508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
GP2 (IISAVVGIL), the p654-662 HER2/neu-derived tumor antigen, induces HLA-A2-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) reactive to various epithelial cancers. The binding affinity of GP2 for HLA-A2, however, is very low. To improve the immunogenicity of GP2, we tested 10 different amino acid substitutions into GP2 at the C- and N- terminus. Five out of 10 modified peptides, especially those containing phenylalanine at position 1 (1F), showed a significantly improved binding affinity to HLA-A2. 1F-based modified peptides were well recognized by GP2-specific CTL. These peptides were used to stimulate peripheral blood lymphocytes from HLA-A2 healthy donors using peptide-pulsed autologous dendritic cells (DC). After 3 or more weekly stimulations, CTL activity against GP2 pulsed T2 (T2-GP2) and HER2/neu-overexpressing tumor cells was measured in (51)Cr release and IFN-gamma secretion assays. The modified peptides significantly enhanced GP2-specific CTL activity in some donors. In particular, the peptide with phenylalanine at position 1, leucine at position 2 and valine at position 10 (1F2L10V) maximized the CTL activity against both T2-GP2 and HER2/neu-positive tumor cells. Peptide 1F2L10V increased not only the binding affinity to HLA-A2 but also improved recognition of GP2. These data suggest that DC + modified GP2 may improve immune therapies for the treatment of HER2/neu overexpressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tanaka
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Biologic Cancer Therapy Program, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Lockhart DC, Chan AK, Mak S, Joo HG, Daust HA, Carritte A, Douville CC, Goedegebuure PS, Eberlein TJ. Loss of T-cell receptor-CD3zeta and T-cell function in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes but not in tumor-associated lymphocytes in ovarian carcinoma. Surgery 2001; 129:749-56. [PMID: 11391375 DOI: 10.1067/msy.2001.114554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired T-cell function has been noted in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). Recently, loss of function was found to be associated with modifications in T-cell receptor complex (TCR)-mediated signaling. A common feature is loss or reduced expression levels of the signaling chain, TCRzeta. We evaluated whether loss of function in TIL and tumor-associated lymphocytes (TAL) from patients with ovarian cancer is associated with changes in TCRzeta expression, and which factors can cause these defects. METHODS TIL and TAL were isolated from multiple patients and evaluated for their proliferative capacity by stimulation with a polyclonal stimulus. In addition, expression of TCRzeta and CD3epsilon was evaluated in fresh TIL and TAL by the Western blot technique. Finally, various conditions within a tumor environment were tested for their effect on TCRzeta and CD3epsilon. RESULTS TIL, but not TAL, were significantly impaired in their proliferative response, even when both populations were derived from the same patient (P <.05). Reduced proliferation levels were associated with loss of expression of TCRzeta but not of CD3epsilon. Exposure of normal T cells to relative ischemia or heat shock, or culture in medium without IL-2, did not significantly reduce expression of TCRzeta compared with CD3epsilon. However, coculture of T cells with tumor-derived macrophages or tumor-derived factors led to a selective loss of TCRzeta compared with CD3epsilon (P <.05). Further analysis suggested that oxides such as hydrogen peroxide secreted by macrophages may be responsible for loss of TCRzeta and high molecular weight factors secreted by certain tumors. CONCLUSIONS TIL but not TAL show impaired T-cell function, which is associated with loss of TCRzeta. In addition to macrophages secreting oxides, loss of TCRzeta may be caused by tumor-derived soluble factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Lockhart
- Laboratory of Biologic Cancer Therapy, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Joo HG, Goedegebuure PS, Sadanaga N, Nagoshi M, von Bernstorff W, Eberlein TJ. Expression and function of galectin-3, a beta-galactoside-binding protein in activated T lymphocytes. J Leukoc Biol 2001; 69:555-64. [PMID: 11310841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A soluble beta-galactoside-binding lectin, galectin-3 has been shown to be involved in cell adhesion and activation of immune cells. Although galectin-3 is known to be expressed in various types of cells, it has not been shown whether galectin-3 is expressed in T lymphocytes. We present evidence here that galectin-3 is expressed in activated murine T lymphocytes including CD4+ and CD8+ T cells but not in resting T cells. Galectin-3 expression was induced by anti-CD3 mAb or mitogen and enhanced by common gamma-chain signaling cytokines, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-7, in activated T lymphocytes, whereas the inflammatory cytokines including TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma did not. Galectin-3 expression and proliferation were down-regulated by withdrawal of IL-2 and gamma irradiation. Antisense but not sense phosphorothioated oligonucleotides for galectin-3 inhibited galectin-3 expression and blocked proliferation of T cells significantly. This study suggests that up-regulation of galectin-3 plays an important role in proliferation of activated T lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Joo
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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Abstract
Galectin-3 was detected immunohistochemically in nine canine gastric carcinomas. In normal gastric tissue adjacent to the neoplasms, the gastric epithelial cells showed faint immunolabelling for galectin-3, but in all the tumours the neoplastic cells showed moderate to strong immunolabelling. Galectin-3 was localized in the cytoplasm of the normal mucosal cells, whereas it was found in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus of the neoplastic cells. Positive cells typically exhibited dark brown coloration of the nucleus or cytoplasm, without background labelling. The results suggest that galactin-3 has a pathophysiological role in canine gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Woo
- Department of Immunology, Seoul National University, Suwon 441-744, Kyounggi-Do, Republic of Korea
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Chan AK, Lockhart DC, von Bernstorff W, Spanjaard RA, Joo HG, Eberlein TJ, Goedegebuure PS. Soluble MUC1 secreted by human epithelial cancer cells mediates immune suppression by blocking T-cell activation. Int J Cancer 1999; 82:721-6. [PMID: 10417771 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19990827)82:5<721::aid-ijc16>3.0.co;2-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Solid tumors may secrete factors that mediate immune suppression in patients. We investigated the effect of supernatants from 25 human tumor cell lines on T-lymphocytes from healthy donors. A profound inhibition of proliferation, cytokine secretion and cytotoxic activity was seen when T-cells were cultured in concentrated tumor supernatants from 6 cell lines fractionated into high (>100 kDa) m.w. molecules. Interestingly, the inhibitory effects were reversed when the tumor supernatant was removed. Cell cycle studies of inhibited T-cells showed most of them were growth arrested in the G(0)/G(1) phase similar to naïve T-cells. In addition, these T-cells did not express IL2-receptors and expression of CD54 (ICAM-1) and CD58 (LFA-3) resembled that of resting T-cells. Protein gel electrophoresis of the tumor supernatants and western blot analysis demonstrated the presence of soluble MUC1 in the inhibitory tumor supernatants but not in control supernatant. Most importantly, depletion of soluble MUC1 by immunoprecipitation from the tumor supernatants neutralized the inhibitory effects on T-lymphocytes. Therefore, our results show that MUC1 shed by cultured epithelial tumor cells mediates inhibition of T-cell proliferation and function by inducing cell growth arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Chan
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Division of Surgical Oncology, Laboratory of Biologic Cancer Therapy, Boston, MA, USA
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Sadanaga N, Nagoshi M, Lederer JA, Joo HG, Eberlein TJ, Goedegebuure PS. Local secretion of IFN-gamma induces an antitumor response: comparison between T cells plus IL-2 and IFN-gamma transfected tumor cells. J Immunother 1999; 22:315-23. [PMID: 10404433 DOI: 10.1097/00002371-199907000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Previously we described that the adoptive transfer of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) + interleukin-2 (IL-2) leads to eradication of established methylcholanthrene (MCA)-105 fibrosarcoma pulmonary metastases in a congenic murine model. The in vivo efficacy of TIL was associated with their ability to secrete interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and to a lesser extent granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. The local secretion of these cytokines resulted in recruitment of naive host immune cells to the tumor and eventually in a successful host antitumor immune response. In the present study, to further evaluate the role of IFN-gamma in the induction of a host antitumor immune response, we compared the treatment efficacy of adoptively transferred T cells and IFN-gamma gene transfected tumor cells (MCA-105/IFN-gamma) as delivery systems of IFN-gamma. Treatment with TIL-IL-2 or irradiated MCA-105/IFN-gamma induced a similar reduction in pulmonary metastases of MCA-105 tumor. In contrast, irradiated wild-type MCA-105 or TIL from IFN-gamma gene knockout mice did not cause tumor eradication. MCA-105 tumor-bearing mice treated with MCA-205/IFN-gamma showed a partial reduction in the number of pulmonary metastases. Histologically, lungs of successfully treated mice showed that initially activated macrophages expressing inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and dendritic cells infiltrated the tumor bed. Subsequently, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells infiltrated tumors. The therapeutic efficacy of IFN-gamma transfected tumor cells was eliminated when either CD4+ T cells or CD8+ T cells were depleted. These results suggest that local secretion of IFN-gamma induces a tumor-specific host antitumor immune response mediated through activated macrophages, dendritic cells, and tumor-specific T cells. This may be a common component of successful immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sadanaga
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Nagoshi M, Sadanaga N, Joo HG, Goedegebuure PS, Eberlein TJ. Tumor-specific cytokine release by donor T cells induces an effective host anti-tumor response through recruitment of host naive antigen presenting cells. Int J Cancer 1999; 80:308-14. [PMID: 9935215 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19990118)80:2<308::aid-ijc22>3.0.co;2-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We recently reported that tumor eradication induced by immunotherapy (IT) in a congenic mouse model using tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) + recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) is dependent on recruitment of naive host immune cells at the tumor sites. The recruitment of host immune cells was induced mainly through a local secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) produced by donor T cells. We now further investigated how a non-specific inflammatory response progresses to a host T-cell-mediated tumor-specific response. In cross-over experiments using MCA-105 and MCA-205 sarcoma tumors, pulmonary metastatic disease was eradicated only in mice treated with tumor-matched TIL + rIL-2. In vitro, TIL stimulated with the tumor of origin secreted relatively high levels of IFN-gamma and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) compared to TIL stimulated with mismatched tumor cells. In lungs of tumor-bearing mice treated with matched TIL + rIL-2, significant increases in the percentages of IFN-gamma, GM-CSF and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) positive cells were detected, as well as of macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells. Depletion of macrophages or NK cells did not inhibit the efficacy. In contrast, depletion of dendritic cells partially inhibited the efficacy of the treatment. Combined depletion of dendritic cells and macrophages abrogated more than 80% of the efficacy. Our data suggest that successful IT may require 3 steps: (1) release of inflammatory cytokines by donor TIL after restimulation by tumor cells; (2) infiltration of host immune cells in response to local cytokine production; and (3) activation of tumor-specific host immune cells by dendritic cells and to a lesser extent by macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nagoshi
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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