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Dorel R, Sun D, Carruthers N, Castanedo GM, Ung PMU, Factor DC, Li T, Baumann H, Janota D, Pang J, Salphati L, Meklemburg R, Korman AJ, Harper HE, Stubblefield S, Payandeh J, McHugh D, Lang BT, Tesar PJ, Dere E, Masureel M, Adams DJ, Volgraf M, Braun MG. Discovery and Optimization of Selective Brain-Penetrant EBP Inhibitors that Enhance Oligodendrocyte Formation. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 38470227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The inhibition of emopamil binding protein (EBP), a sterol isomerase within the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, promotes oligodendrocyte formation, which has been proposed as a potential therapeutic approach for treating multiple sclerosis. Herein, we describe the discovery and optimization of brain-penetrant, orally bioavailable inhibitors of EBP. A structure-based drug design approach from literature compound 1 led to the discovery of a hydantoin-based scaffold, which provided balanced physicochemical properties and potency and an improved in vitro safety profile. The long half-lives of early hydantoin-based EBP inhibitors in rodents prompted an unconventional optimization strategy, focused on increasing metabolic turnover while maintaining potency and a brain-penetrant profile. The resulting EBP inhibitor 11 demonstrated strong in vivo target engagement in the brain, as illustrated by the accumulation of EBP substrate zymostenol after repeated dosing. Furthermore, compound 11 enhanced the formation of oligodendrocytes in human cortical organoids, providing additional support for our therapeutic hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Dorel
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Dawei Sun
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Nicholas Carruthers
- Convelo Therapeutics, 11000 Cedar Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | | | - Peter M-U Ung
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Daniel C Factor
- Convelo Therapeutics, 11000 Cedar Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Tianbo Li
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Hannah Baumann
- Convelo Therapeutics, 11000 Cedar Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Danielle Janota
- Convelo Therapeutics, 11000 Cedar Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Jodie Pang
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Laurent Salphati
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Robert Meklemburg
- Convelo Therapeutics, 11000 Cedar Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Allison J Korman
- Convelo Therapeutics, 11000 Cedar Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Halie E Harper
- Convelo Therapeutics, 11000 Cedar Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | | | - Jian Payandeh
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Daniel McHugh
- Convelo Therapeutics, 11000 Cedar Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Bradley T Lang
- Convelo Therapeutics, 11000 Cedar Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Paul J Tesar
- Convelo Therapeutics, 11000 Cedar Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Edward Dere
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Matthieu Masureel
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Drew J Adams
- Convelo Therapeutics, 11000 Cedar Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Matthew Volgraf
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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Seifert G, Fagnocchi L, Edozie M, Herrmann S, Baumann H, Panzeri I, Mewes S, Aicher D, Runkel M, Lässle C, Fink J, Marjanovic G, Fichtner-Feigl S, Pospisilik JA. The DECON pilot project investigates predictive markers for successful bariatric surgery. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13401. [PMID: 37591977 PMCID: PMC10435485 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40452-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic, multifactorial disease which is linked to a number of adverse endocrinological and metabolic conditions. Currently, bariatric surgery is one of the most effective treatments for individuals diagnosed with severe obesity. However, the current indications for bariatric surgery are based on inadequate metrics (i.e., BMI) which do not account for the complexity of the disease, nor the heterogeneity among the patient population. Moreover, there is a lack of understanding with respect to the biological underpinnings that influence successful and sustained weight loss post-bariatric surgery. Studies have implicated age and pre-surgery body weight as two factors that are associated with favorable patient outcomes. Still, there is an urgent medical need to identify other potential factors that could improve the specificity of candidate selection and better inform the treatment plan of patients with obesity. In this report, we present and describe the cohort of the DECON pilot project, a multicenter study which aims to identify predictive biomarkers of successful weight loss after bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Seifert
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg,, Germany.
| | | | | | - Stephan Herrmann
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg,, Germany
| | - Hannah Baumann
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg,, Germany
| | - Ilaria Panzeri
- Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Mewes
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg,, Germany
| | - David Aicher
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg,, Germany
| | - Mira Runkel
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg,, Germany
| | - Claudia Lässle
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg,, Germany
| | - Jodok Fink
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg,, Germany
| | - Goran Marjanovic
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg,, Germany
| | - Stephan Fichtner-Feigl
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg,, Germany
| | - J Andrew Pospisilik
- Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA.
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, 79108, Freiburg, Germany.
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Singh S, Lamichhane A, Rafsanjani Nejad P, Heiss J, Baumann H, Gudneppanavar R, Leipzig ND, Konopka M, Luker GD, Tavana H. Therapeutic Targeting of Stromal-Tumor HGF-cMET Signaling in an Organotypic Triple Negative Breast Tumor Model. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:1166-1177. [PMID: 35348758 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) promotes proliferation, drug resistance, and invasiveness of cancer cells. Therapeutic targeting of the TME is an attractive strategy to improve outcomes for patients, particularly in aggressive cancers such as triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) that have a rich stroma and limited targeted therapies. However, lack of preclinical human tumor models for mechanistic understanding of tumor-stromal interactions has been an impediment to identify effective treatments against the TME. To address this need, we developed a three-dimensional (3D) organotypic tumor model to study interactions of patient-derived cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) with TNBC cells and explore potential therapy targets. We found that CAFs predominantly secreted hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and activated MET receptor tyrosine kinase in TNBC cells. This tumor-stromal interaction promoted invasiveness, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and activities of multiple oncogenic pathways in TNBC cells. Importantly, we established that TNBC cells become resistant to monotherapy and demonstrated a design-driven approach to select drug combinations that effectively inhibit pro-metastatic functions of TNBC cells. Our study also showed that HGF-MET from lung fibroblasts promotes colony formation by TNBC cells, suggesting that blocking HGF-MET signaling potentially could target both primary TNBC tumorigenesis and lung metastasis. Overall, we established the utility of our organotypic tumor model to identify and therapeutically target specific mechanisms of tumor-stromal interactions in TNBC toward the goal of developing targeted therapies against the TME. Implications: Leveraging a state-of-the-art organotypic tumor model, we demonstrated that CAFs-mediated HGF-MET signaling drive tumorigenic activities in TNBC and presents a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Singh
- University of Akron, Akron, OH, United States
| | | | | | - Jacob Heiss
- University of Akron, Akron, OH, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Gary D Luker
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Schwemmer TG, Baumann H, Murray CS, Molina AI, Nye JA. Acidification and hypoxia interactively affect metabolism in embryos, but not larvae, of the coastal forage fish Menidia menidia. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb228015. [PMID: 33046569 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.228015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Ocean acidification is occurring in conjunction with warming and deoxygenation as a result of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. Multistressor experiments are critically needed to better understand the sensitivity of marine organisms to these concurrent changes. Growth and survival responses to acidification have been documented for many marine species, but studies that explore underlying physiological mechanisms of carbon dioxide (CO2) sensitivity are less common. We investigated oxygen consumption rates as proxies for metabolic responses in embryos and newly hatched larvae of an estuarine forage fish (Atlantic silverside, Menidia menidia) to factorial combinations of CO2×temperature or CO2×oxygen. Metabolic rates of embryos and larvae significantly increased with temperature, but partial pressure of CO2 (PCO2 ) alone did not affect metabolic rates in any experiment. However, there was a significant interaction between PCO2 and partial pressure of oxygen (PO2 ) in embryos, because metabolic rates were unaffected by PO2 level at ambient PCO2 , but decreased with declining PO2 under elevated PCO2 For larvae, however, PCO2 and PO2 had no significant effect on metabolic rates. Our findings suggest high individual variability in metabolic responses to high PCO2 , perhaps owing to parental effects and time of spawning. We conclude that early life metabolism is largely resilient to elevated PCO2 in this species, but that acidification likely influences energetic responses and thus vulnerability to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- T G Schwemmer
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - H Baumann
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut Avery Point, 1080 Shennecossett Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - C S Murray
- Washington Ocean Acidification Center, School of Marine and Environmental Affairs, University of Washington, 3710 Brooklyn Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - A I Molina
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - J A Nye
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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Baumann H, Katsaouni S, Lapaire O, Hösli I. Low-dose Aspirin for all? – A case report identifying potential maternal side effects. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1717713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Baumann
- Frauenklinik, Universitätsspital Basel, Klinik für Geburtshilfe und Schwangerenmedizin
| | - S Katsaouni
- Frauenklinik, Universitätsspital Basel, Klinik für Geburtshilfe und Schwangerenmedizin
| | - O Lapaire
- Frauenklinik, Universitätsspital Basel, Klinik für Geburtshilfe und Schwangerenmedizin
| | - I Hösli
- Frauenklinik, Universitätsspital Basel, Klinik für Geburtshilfe und Schwangerenmedizin
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Schindler CEM, Baumann H, Blum A, Böse D, Buchstaller HP, Burgdorf L, Cappel D, Chekler E, Czodrowski P, Dorsch D, Eguida MKI, Follows B, Fuchß T, Grädler U, Gunera J, Johnson T, Jorand Lebrun C, Karra S, Klein M, Knehans T, Koetzner L, Krier M, Leiendecker M, Leuthner B, Li L, Mochalkin I, Musil D, Neagu C, Rippmann F, Schiemann K, Schulz R, Steinbrecher T, Tanzer EM, Unzue Lopez A, Viacava Follis A, Wegener A, Kuhn D. Large-Scale Assessment of Binding Free Energy Calculations in Active Drug Discovery Projects. J Chem Inf Model 2020; 60:5457-5474. [PMID: 32813975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c00900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Accurate ranking of compounds with regards to their binding affinity to a protein using computational methods is of great interest to pharmaceutical research. Physics-based free energy calculations are regarded as the most rigorous way to estimate binding affinity. In recent years, many retrospective studies carried out both in academia and industry have demonstrated its potential. Here, we present the results of large-scale prospective application of the FEP+ method in active drug discovery projects in an industry setting at Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany. We compare these prospective data to results obtained on a new diverse, public benchmark of eight pharmaceutically relevant targets. Our results offer insights into the challenges faced when using free energy calculations in real-life drug discovery projects and identify limitations that could be tackled by future method development. The new public data set we provide to the community can support further method development and comparative benchmarking of free energy calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hannah Baumann
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Andreas Blum
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Dietrich Böse
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Lars Burgdorf
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Eugene Chekler
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc., 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Paul Czodrowski
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Dieter Dorsch
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Bruce Follows
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc., 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Thomas Fuchß
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Ulrich Grädler
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jakub Gunera
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Theresa Johnson
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc., 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Catherine Jorand Lebrun
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc., 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Srinivasa Karra
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc., 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Markus Klein
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Tim Knehans
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Lisa Koetzner
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Mireille Krier
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | | | - Liwei Li
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc., 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Igor Mochalkin
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc., 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Djordje Musil
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Constantin Neagu
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc., 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | | | - Kai Schiemann
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Robert Schulz
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Straße 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Eva-Maria Tanzer
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc., 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | | | - Ariele Viacava Follis
- EMD Serono Research and Development Institute Inc., 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Ansgar Wegener
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Daniel Kuhn
- Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Strasse 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
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Giere W, Baumann H. Zur Erfassung und Verarbeitung medizinischer Daten mittels Computer. Methods Inf Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1635960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Es wird ein Programmsystem (DUSP) beschrieben, das die Dokumentation beliebiger Inhalte — kodiert und/oder frei formuliert — mit variablen Wortlängen bei rascher Wiederauffindbarkeit (direkter Zugriff) erlaubt. Die Eingabe erfolgt mit unterschiedlichen, dem Untersuchungsgang angepaßten Erhebungs-bögen über eine Korrespondenzschreibmaschine mit angescblossenem Lochstreifenstanzer. DUSP ermög-licht auch kleineren Abteilungen oder Praktikern in Zusammenarbeit mit einem Rechenzentrum preis-giinstige elektronische Datenverarbeitung. Fachkräfte sind zur Anwendung nicht: erforderlich.Die wesentlichen Charakteristika von DUSP sind:1.) Steuerung der Speicherungsart durch den Benutzer, unabhangig vom Inhalt,2.) Beliebiger Inhalt und beliebige Reihenfolge der Formulare,3.) Zeilenweise Speidierung mit Trennung von evtl. kodiertem »Inhalt« und klartextlichem »Zusatz«,4.) Wirksame Priitung auf formale Riditigkeit beim Einlesen,5.) Nachträgliche Möglichkeit der Korrektur des gespeicherten Inhalts,6.) Wirtschaftlichkeit.
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Abstract
The heparan sulfates (HS) are structurally the most complex but information rich biopolymers known. They are composed of polysaccharides containing regioselectively distributed carboxyl, sulfate ester, acetyl, amino, and N-sulfonyl groups with sequence- and domain-like arrangements. HS are found ubiquitously on cell surfaces and in extracellular matrices where they are covalently anchored via restricted protein cores. They modulate numerous development cell processes and the pathology of living organisms. HS concentration is extremely low on endothelial cell surfaces (1 pmol/cm2), therefore, they are difficult to isolate and evaluate. Furthermore, their sequence variability is extremely high and the sequence analysis is in its infancy. HS acts as a low affinity receptor which plays a central role in the reception and modulation of a wide range of effector proteins such as growth factors, morphogens, chemokines, enzymes, protease inhibitors. Water soluble fragments of HS and heparin (HE) enzymatically released or synthetic sequences, analogs of heparinoids and heparanoids (HH) mimetics regioselectively modified oligo- and polysaccharides with HE/HS like functional groups, and nonsaccharide containing structures can modulate effector proteins and influence some of the development and pathological processes. Modulation effects are described for anticoagulant antiproliferative properties, for reducing platelet and plasma protein adhesion as well as inhibition or activating growth factors by the influence of HH mimetics. The advantage of defined high molecular weight substrates are discussed and compared to the low molecular weight mimetics. The potential of HH mimetics opens new approaches and strategies for therapeutic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Baumann
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry Hemocompatible and Biocompatible Biomaterials RWTH Aachen, Worringer Weg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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Jiang Z, Pálinkáš V, Francis O, Merlet S, Baumann H, Becker M, Jousset P, Mäkinen J, Schulz HR, Kessler-Schulz KU, Svitlov S, Coulomb A, Tisserand L, Hu H, Rothleitner C. Accurate Gravimetry at the BIPM Watt Balance Site. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-37222-3_49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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Wagner F, Henze C, Baumann H, Biscoping J. Vom Badezimmer in die Druckkammer. Notf Rett Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10049-012-1665-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tracy EC, Bowman MJ, Henderson BW, Baumann H. Interleukin-1α is the major alarmin of lung epithelial cells released during photodynamic therapy to induce inflammatory mediators in fibroblasts. Br J Cancer 2012; 107:1534-46. [PMID: 22996613 PMCID: PMC3493767 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) causes tissue damage that initiates a local inflammatory response. Post-PDT reactions are considered to assist in mobilising the immune system thereby affecting tumour recurrence. The initiating process of the PDT-dependent tissue reaction remains to be determined. Methods: Primary cultures of human lung cells were established. The photoreaction mediated by pyropheophorbide-a, at specific subcellular sites and levels resulting in the release of alarmins by epithelial cells (Eps), was defined by immunoblot analyses and expression profiling. The activity of Ep-derived factors to stimulate expression of proinflammatory mediators, including IL-6, and to enhance neutrophil binding by fibroblasts (Fbs) was determined by functional bioassays. Results: Epithelial cells release IL-1β as the primary Fb-stimulatory activity under basal conditions. Intracellular IL-1α, externalised following photoreaction, accounts for most of the PDT-mediated Fb activation. Expression of IL-1 is subject to increase or loss during oncogenic transformation resulting in altered alarmin functions mobilisable by PDT. Photoreaction by a cell surface-bound photosensitiser (PS) is 10-fold more effective than PSs localised to mitochondria or lysosomes. High-dose intracellular, but not cell surface, photoreaction inactivates IL-1 and reduces Fb stimulation. Conclusion: These in vitro data suggest that the subcellular site and intensity of photoreaction influence the magnitude of the stromal cell response to the local damage and, in part, support the relationship of PDT dose and level of post-PDT inflammatory response observed in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Tracy
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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Schleich A, Baumann H. [Disease with generalized pain. Guillain-Barré syndrome]. Praxis (Bern 1994) 2011; 100:487-489. [PMID: 21484714 DOI: 10.1024/1661-8157/a00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A 43-year-old women is suffering from immobilizing generalized muscular pain. Initial diagnostic course doesn't lead to diagnosis. Some days later after appearing of a facial palsy a Guillain-Barré syndrome is diagnosed after lumbar puncture showing a increased protein and normal white-cell count. Because the patient is seriously affected with immobilization a treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin is established, leading to a quick improvement. Pain as a leading symptom of Guillain- Barré syndrome and has a potential for leading to misdiagnosis effecting delay in therapy in possible harmful disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schleich
- Abteilung für Innere Medizin, Stadtspital Waid.
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Jawa RS, Anillo S, Huntoon K, Baumann H, Kulaylat M. Interleukin-6 in Surgery, Trauma, and Critical Care Part II: Clinical Implications. J Intensive Care Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/0885066610395679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Walter G, Stahl B, Nagel R, Gellert R, Rück DM, Müller M, Klingelhöfer G, Kankeleit E, Soltani-Farshi M, Baumann H. A Depth Selective Mössbauer Study of ion Implanted Stainless Steel. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-504-277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTHigh austenitic stainless steel of composition Fe62Ni2OCrl8 was implanted with Eu ions and analyzed with Depth Selective Conversion Electron Mössbauer Spectroscopy (DCEMS). DCEMS gives information about the depth profile of phases, in this case about implantation induced changes in phase composition as function of depth. The samples were complementary analyzed with Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) to get the element profile of the implanted ions. The main experimental result is a martensitic transformed depth region that coincides with the Eu depth distribution. The potential of DCEMS for application in the field of materials modification by implantation techniques is demonstrated.
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Jelinek B, Uhl G, Paß P, Baumann H, Mesenholl-Strehler E, Endler P. Balint and supervision groups in a Master's Program for Complementary Health Sciences. Evaluation research based on a standardised questionnaire. Eur J Integr Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2010.09.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Schröfel H, Schymik G, Baumann H, Elsner V, Gonska BD, Schmitt C, Posival H. Transcatheter aortic heart valve-in-valve implantation of Edwards Sapien™-bioprothesis – revalving a former bioprothesis in redo cases. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1246618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hennigs J, Baumann H, Kluge S, Honecker F, Brümmendorf T, Bokemeyer C, Klose H. Schwere PAH unter der Therapie mit zwei Multityrosinkinase-Inhibitoren Imatinib und Dasatinib – Fallbericht. Pneumologie 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1213888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- H Baumann
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263
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Abstract
The case reports of late primiparae greater than 35 years of age were analysed in respect of the change of anamnestic risks, of the course of pregnancy, birth and puerperium, as well as of infant data. The incidence of late primiparae rose in our clinic from A 1.8% (n = 292, infants n = 294), via B 2.6% (n = 210, infants n = 213) to C 3.7% (n = 222, infants n = 225.) Previous history of internistic diseases was rare during all periods. In period C, the anamnestic risk "Status after sterility treatment" attains increasing importance (17%). The incidence of pre-eclamptic toxaemia (toxaemia associated with oedema, proteinuria and hypertension) with blood pressure levels greater than 140/90 mgHg and proteinuria greater than 1 0/00 is 5-7% for all periods. Preeclampsia and eclampsia are rare. During the C period, almost every tenth late primigravida received tocolytics. In 1979, 31% of the late primiparae were subjected to genetic amniocentesis, whereas in 1982 the percentage was 51% of the late primiparae. Spontaneous deliveries decreased from 81% (A) to 50% (C). The rates of Caesarean sections increased from 11% (A) via 21% (B) to 35% (C); hence, they were twice as high during all periods than among the entirety of hospital patients included in this study. The increase in the quota of Caesarean sections is due to the indications "foetal distress ante partum", "breech presentation" and the liberal use of Caesarean section in underweight infants. For example, the category of newborn with a bodyweight below 2500 g, the rate of Caesarean sections increased from 7% (A) to 56% (C).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Doyle D, Baumann H. Transfer of Plasma Membrane Proteins Between Cells Using Reconstituted Membrane Vesicles as Shuttle Vehicles. Ciba Foundation Symposium 103 - Cell Fusion 2008; 103:129-49. [PMID: 6561133 DOI: 10.1002/9780470720844.ch9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Purified membrane glycoproteins from liver or hepatoma tissue culture cells were incorporated in a right-side-out orientation into reconstituted phospholipid vesicles by a detergent dialysis method. The phospholipids were purified from membrane preparations of rat liver. The protein:phospholipid ratio of the reconstituted vesicles was optimized for efficient transfer of vesicle contents to the recipient cells, usually mouse L cells. Fluoresceinated albumin incorporated into the lumen of reconstituted vesicles was used as a marker for transfer after polyethylene glycol-mediated fusion. The redistribution and fate of both the lipids and the transferred membrane proteins were analysed by microscopic and biochemical methods. A hepatocyte-specific binding protein for galactose- or galactosamine-terminated serum glycoproteins and a set of hepatoma cell plasma membrane glycoproteins were successfully transferred to the plasma membrane of mouse fibroblasts by these methods. The biological function of the hepatic binding protein, namely delivery of the galactose-terminated glycoprotein ligand to the lysosome for degradation, was imparted to the mouse fibroblast after transfer. Further, both the polypeptide and the carbohydrate moieties of a set of membrane proteins were degraded at about the same relative rates as they had in the original donor cells, after transfer to the plasma membrane of recipient mouse fibroblasts. These studies show that the technique of inserting membrane constituents into the plasma membrane of another cell can help to elucidate the route and mechanism of membrane protein function and turnover.
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Kluge S, Baumann H, Klose H, Maier C, Nierhaus A, Kreymann G. Gegenwärtiger Stand der Tracheotomie auf der Intensivstation – Eine Umfrage auf deutschen Intensivstationen. Pneumologie 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1074213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Baumann H, Meyer P, Zippel R. Untersuchungen zum IgA-, IgG-, Lysozym- und Albumingehalt des Nasen- und Tracheobronchialsekretes beim Laryngektomierten. Laryngorhinootologie 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1008920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Baumann H, Meyer P, Winter K, Lorenz G. Sialochemische und morphologische Untersuchungen der Glandula submandibularis des Diabetikers - ein Beitrag zur diabetischen Sialadenose. Laryngorhinootologie 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1008201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Baumann H, Marinkovic-Pajovic S, Won KA, Jones VE, Campos SP, Jahreis GP, Morella KK. The action of interleukin 6 and leukaemia inhibitory factor on liver cells. Ciba Found Symp 2007; 167:100-14; discussion 114-24. [PMID: 1425008 DOI: 10.1002/9780470514269.ch7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The hepatic action of cytokines has generally been analysed in terms of the acute-phase response of the liver. The qualitative and quantitative changes in the expression of plasma proteins serve as defining criteria for cytokine function. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) are representatives of a group of cytokines which display strikingly similar effects in both human and rodent liver cells. Hallmarks of the action of these cytokines are the stimulation of type 2 acute-phase plasma proteins and enhancement of the effect of interleukin 1 (IL-1) or tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) on type 1 acute-phase plasma proteins. The transcriptional activation of the various acute-phase plasma protein genes involves common cis-acting regulatory elements whose sequences and location relative to the transcription start site vary from gene to gene. The activity of the IL-6- and LIF-responsive genes depends in part on transcription factors including several members of the C/EBP family, JunB and the glucocorticoid receptor. The expression of these transcription factors is in turn under cytokine-specific control. In a few cases, expression is temporally correlated with the activation of 'late' acute-phase protein genes. The finding that structurally distinct cytokines interact with separate receptors but elicit an almost identical liver cell response demands a reassessment of the contribution of each factor to the in vivo acute-phase response.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Baumann
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263
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Baumann H, Biscoping J. [Intended and actual paths of epidural needles. Investigations with a test tissue model]. Anaesthesist 2007; 56:780-4. [PMID: 17492261 DOI: 10.1007/s00101-007-1193-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Peridural anaesthesia needles (PDA) do not only differ in calibre or gauge but also vary in the design of the needle tip, which shows a special configuration to place a catheter in the epidural space. A laboratory model was performed to determine the influence of different types of virgin epidural needles concerning their path through tissue. In an additional test run we analysed the influence of a previous use on the path through tissue. We investigated 16 G and 18 G Tuohy needles for epidural anaesthesia and two different 18 G Tuohy needles for combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia. The experiments were performed in a standardised way using a precision drill press in order to make the test independent of the investigator. The test tissue was selected because of its close similarity to human tissue of the lumbar region. Every needle tested revealed a distinct deviation even after a 6 cm passage through the test tissue and regularly deviated away from the concave side of the needle tip. The comparison of the CSE needles tested revealed a significant deviation from the axis due to differences in cross-section and configuration of the needle tip. As expected, the average deviation of PDA needles depended on the diameter. No differences in the degree of deviation for virgin needles compared to previously used needles could be found. Thus, more than one application of the same needle in one patient is considered to be safe as long as the needle is not deformed in any way.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Baumann
- Klinik für Anaesthesie und Operative Intensivmedizin, St. Vincentius-Kliniken gAG, Steinhäuserstrsse 18, 76137 Karlsruhe
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Kluge S, Baumann H, Nierhaus A, Kröger N, Meyer A, Kreymann G. Nutzen und Sicherheit der perkutanen dilatativen Tracheotomie bei langzeitbeatmeten Patienten nach Knochenmarkstransplantation. Pneumologie 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-973371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Von Czetsch‐Lindenwald
- Frankenthal/Pfalz Aus dem Privatlaboratorium für galenische Pharmazie (Prof. Dr. H. von Czetsch‐Lindenwald, Baden bei Wien)
| | - A. R. Alexandrai/U.
- Frankenthal/Pfalz Aus dem Privatlaboratorium für galenische Pharmazie (Prof. Dr. H. von Czetsch‐Lindenwald, Baden bei Wien)
| | - H. Baumann
- Frankenthal/Pfalz Aus dem Privatlaboratorium für galenische Pharmazie (Prof. Dr. H. von Czetsch‐Lindenwald, Baden bei Wien)
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Kemmler W, Roloff I, Baumann H, Schöffl V, Weineck J, Kalender W, Engelke K. Effect of exercise, body composition, and nutritional intake on bone parameters in male elite rock climbers. Int J Sports Med 2006; 27:653-9. [PMID: 16586335 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-872828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A low body mass index is considered essential for high performance in rock climbing; however its effect on bone may be negative. In this study we compared the BMD of competitive male rock climbers (n = 20) and age- and BMI-matched non-training controls (n = 11). Subjects with any medication or illness affecting bone metabolism or a family history of osteoporosis were not included in the analysis. Total body BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Quantitative computed tomographic scans were made from the femoral neck and the lumbar spine. Dietary intake was assessed by a 5-day protocol. BMD of the TB-scan was significantly higher in the climbers group for all sub-regions except the skull (p = 0.191) and the lower extremities (p = 0.079). Trabecular and cortical BMD of the LS were significantly higher (p = 0.036 and p = 0.004) in the climbers. The same was true for total (p = 0.005) and cortical (p = 0.002) BMD of the FN. Trabecular BMD (p = 0.054), CSA (p < 0.343) and cortical thickness (p = 0.065) of the FN was non-significantly higher for the climbers. Our study indicates that the effect of climbing on bone parameters PER SE is not detrimental in elite male athletes. Contrarily climbers demonstrated significantly higher BMD values at all loaded regions without "steal effects" at skeletal sites with low mechanical impact. Although we determined a moderately negative effect of low BMI on BMD we could not decide whether a low BMI value should be used as an exclusion criterion in high level climbing competitions as practized by the Austrian Sportclimbing Organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Kemmler
- Institute of Medical Physics, University of Erlangen, Germany
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Jawa R, Wang Y, Chattopadhyay S, Dayton M, Baumann H. Expression and regulation of receptors for interleukin 31, a novel cytokine. J Surg Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2005.11.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wetzler M, Brady MT, Donohue KA, Lee SH, Tighe SM, Ford LA, Wang ES, Baer MR, Baumann H. Targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 protein with arsenic trioxide: A phase I clinical trial. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.6538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - S.-H. Lee
- Roswell Park Cancer Inst, Buffalo, NY
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Herrmann BL, Baumann H, Janssen OE, Görges R, Schmid KW, Mann K. Impact of disease activity on thyroid diseases in patients with acromegaly: basal evaluation and follow-up. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2005; 112:225-30. [PMID: 15146366 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-817967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In patients with acromegaly, the exact incidence of thyroid disorders is still controversial and less is known about the impact of disease activity and successful treatment. To address this issue, we investigated 73 acromegalic patients (age 55 +/- 13 yr; mean +/- SD) by ultrasonography in comparison to an age-matched control group (54 +/- 1 yr) in the same moderate iodine deficient area (retrospective study). These non-acromegalic volunteers (n = 199) were examined in the same clinic during a thyroid screening test. At the time of examination, 52 (71.2 %) of the acromegalic patients were active, 17 (23.3 %) were cured, and 4 (5.5 %) were controlled with somatostatin analogues. The prevalence of goiter (normal range < 18 ml female, < 25 ml male) was significantly higher (82.2 %) in the mixed group of acromegalics (active, well controlled, cured; n = 73) and in the active group (90.4 %) than in the control group (n = 199, 18.1 %, p < 0.001). Thyroid nodules were found in 63.0 % of the mixed group of acromegalics and in 71.2 % of patients with active disease (33.1 % in controls, p < 0.001). (99 m)Tc scintigraphy revealed thyroid autonomy in 9/73 (12.3 %) and cold nodules in 19/73 (26.0 %) patients. Thyroid cancer was diagnosed in 4 (5.5 %) of acromegalic patients (3 papillary and 1 follicular carcinoma). We found a weak correlation between the disease duration and the initial thyroid volume (r = 0.54, p < 0.0056). Thirty-seven newly diagnosed acromegalics were followed over a period of 7.3 +/- 4.1 years. 5 (13.5 %) of these patients remained active, 8 (21.6 %) were controlled with somatostatin analogues, and 24 (64.9 %) were cured. The mean age, sex distribution, disease duration, prevalence of TSH-deficiency, and initial thyroid volume (46 +/- 11 ml in active, 42 +/- 7 ml in controlled, and 45 +/- 5 ml in cured patients) did not differ statistically between the three groups. In patients with active acromegaly, thyroid volume increased by 19.5 +/- 8.1 %. In contrast, thyroid volume decreased in the group of medically controlled and cured acromegalics (- 21.5 +/- 7.1 %; p < 0.005 and - 24.2 +/- 5.7 %; p < 0.002, respectively). No correlation was found between thyroid volume and TSH levels, levothyroxine and/or iodide administration neither in TSH sufficient nor in TSH insufficient patients. In conclusion, successful treatment of patients with active acromegaly decreases thyroid volume. Cold nodules and thyroid cancer frequently occur in acromegalic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L Herrmann
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Center of Internal Medicine, University of Essen, Germany.
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Baumann H, Müller U, Pfeifer D, Timpe HJ. Lichtinitiierte Polymer- und Polymerisationsreaktionen. III. Photoinduzierte Zersetzung von Aryldiazoniumsalzen durch Benzoinderivate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/prac.19823240206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Berendes A, Galesic I, Mertens R, Bock W, Oechsner H, Warbichler P, Hofer F, Theodossiu E, Baumann H, Kolbesen BO. Vanadium Nitride Films Formed by Rapid Thermal Processing (RTP): Depth Profiles and Interface Reactions Studied by Complementary Analytical Techniques. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.200300128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Gollnick SO, Evans SS, Baumann H, Owczarczak B, Maier P, Vaughan L, Wang WC, Unger E, Henderson BW. Role of cytokines in photodynamic therapy-induced local and systemic inflammation. Br J Cancer 2003; 88:1772-9. [PMID: 12771994 PMCID: PMC2377133 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of tumour results in the rapid induction of an inflammatory response that is considered important for the activation of antitumour immunity, but may be detrimental if excessive. The response is characterised by the infiltration of leucocytes, predominantly neutrophils, into the treated tumour. Several preclinical studies have suggested that suppression of long-term tumour growth following PDT using Photofrin((R)) is dependent upon the presence of neutrophils. The inflammatory pathways leading to the PDT-induced neutrophil migration into the treated tumour are unknown. In the following study, we examined, in mice, the ability of PDT using the second-generation photosensitiser 2-[1-hexyloxyethyl]-2-devinyl pyropheophorbide-a (HPPH) to induce proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as well as adhesion molecules, known to be involved in neutrophil migration. We also examined the role that these mediators play in PDT-induced neutrophil migration. Our studies show that HPPH-PDT induced neutrophil migration into the treated tumour, which was associated with a transient, local increase in the expression of the chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2 and KC. A similar increase was detected in functional expression of adhesion molecules, that is, E-selectin and intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and both local and systemic expression of interleukin (IL)-6 was detected. The kinetics of neutrophil immigration mirrored those observed for the enhanced production of chemokines, IL-6 and adhesion molecules. Subsequent studies showed that PDT-induced neutrophil recruitment is dependent upon the presence of MIP-2 and E-selectin, but not on IL-6 or KC. These results demonstrate a PDT-induced inflammatory response similar to, but less severe than obtained with Photofrin((R)) PDT. They also lay the mechanistic groundwork for further ongoing studies that attempt to optimise PDT through the modulation of the critical inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Gollnick
- PDT Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - S S Evans
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - H Baumann
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - B Owczarczak
- PDT Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - P Maier
- PDT Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - L Vaughan
- PDT Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - W C Wang
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - E Unger
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - B W Henderson
- PDT Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
- PDT Center, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton St, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA. E-mail:
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Arredouani M, Matthijs P, Van Hoeyveld E, Kasran A, Baumann H, Ceuppens JL, Stevens E. Haptoglobin directly affects T cells and suppresses T helper cell type 2 cytokine release. Immunology 2003; 108:144-51. [PMID: 12562322 PMCID: PMC1782886 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2567.2003.01569.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
T helper cell type 1 (Th1) and type 2 (Th2) immune responses are characterized by a different pattern of cytokine expression following T-cell activation. Alterations of the ratio of Th1 to Th2 cells are important determinants of susceptibility to viral and parasitic infections, allergies, anti-tumour responses, and autoimmunity. In this work we bring new evidence for an effect of haptoglobin (Hp), a positive acute-phase protein, on T-lymphocyte functions. We show that Hp specifically interacts with both resting and activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. This specific binding results in a strong suppression of induced T-cell proliferation. In addition, Hp exhibits a strong in vitro inhibitory effect on Th2 cytokine release, while the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) is only slightly inhibited at high Hp doses. As a result, the presence of Hp promotes Th1 activation over Th2 activation in vivo as evidenced in Hp-deficient mice. Anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody injection indeed resulted in predominant IL-4 production in Hp-/- mice, in contrast to predominant IFN-gamma production in Hp+/+ mice. We conclude that Hp plays a modulating role on the Th1/Th2 balance by promoting a dominant Th1 cellular response. This points to a role of acute-phase proteins in balancing immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arredouani
- Laboratory for Experimental Immunology, Gasthuisberg University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium
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Schmidt H, Fielitz P, Borchardt G, Weber S, Scherrer H, Baumann H. Diffusion studies in non-oxide ceramics: analytical aspects of the use of ion implanted stable tracers and SIMS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2002; 374:588-91. [PMID: 12397474 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-002-1536-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2002] [Revised: 08/06/2002] [Accepted: 08/06/2002] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The physical and chemical properties of complex non-oxide ceramic materials require advanced methods of diffusivity determination. In this study, we present a method based on the high-dose ion implantation of stable tracers in combination with secondary ion mass spectroscopy for depth profiling. The analytical basics, advantages and problems of the method are discussed for two examples of complex materials, the Si-B-C-N precursor ceramics and the Ti-based transition metal diborides. We demonstrate that is possible to measure the temperature dependence of diffusivities, especially for ceramic systems with low diffusivities, for systems that contain elements for which no suitable radioactive tracers exist for extended measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Schmidt
- Abt Thermochemie und Mikrokinetik, FB Physik, Metallurgie und Werkstoffwissenschaften, TU Clausthal, Robert-Koch-Str 42, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany.
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Hochepied T, Wullaert A, Berger FG, Baumann H, Brouckaert P, Steidler L, Libert C. Overexpression of alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein in transgenic mice leads to sensitisation to acute colitis. Gut 2002; 51:398-404. [PMID: 12171963 PMCID: PMC1773348 DOI: 10.1136/gut.51.3.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2002] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND alpha(1)-Acid glycoprotein (alpha(1)-AGP) is an acute phase protein in most mammalian species whose concentration rises 2-5-fold during an acute phase reaction. Its serum concentration has often been used as a marker of disease, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). High alpha(1)-AGP levels were found to have a prognostic value for an increased risk of relapse in IBD. AIMS To investigate a possible role for increased serum levels of alpha(1)-AGP in the development of IBD. METHODS Dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) 2% was added to the drinking water of transgenic mice, overexpressing the rat alpha(1)-AGP gene, to induce acute colitis, thus mimicking the conditions of relapse. Clinical parameters, inflammatory parameters, and histological analyses on colon sections were performed. RESULTS Homozygous alpha(1)-AGP-transgenic mice started losing weight and showed rectal bleeding significantly earlier than heterozygous transgenic or wild-type mice. Survival time of homozygous transgenic mice was significantly shorter compared with heterozygous and wild-type mice. The higher susceptibility of homozygous alpha(1)-AGP-transgenic mice to DSS induced acute colitis was also reflected in higher local myeloperoxidase levels, higher inflammation scores of the colon, and higher systemic levels of interleukin 6 and serum amyloid P component. Local inflammatory parameters were also significantly different in heterozygous transgenic mice compared with wild-type mice, indicating a local dosage effect. In homozygous transgenic mice, significantly higher amounts of bacteria were found in organs but IgA levels were only slightly lower than those of control mice. CONCLUSION Sufficiently high serum levels of alpha(1)-AGP result in a more aggressive development of acute colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hochepied
- Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology and University of Ghent, Department of Molecular Biology, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Abstract
Sterile tissue injury or infection initiates a local inflammatory response that mobilizes a systemic acute phase reaction resulting in, among other things, the induction of genes encoding the acute phase plasma proteins (APPs). In all vertebrates, a common set of APPs is increased and exerts essential protective functions. Haptoglobin (HP), one of the major APPs, acts as a high-affinity hemoglobin-binding protein and antioxidant. Liver is the major site of HP synthesis; however, regulated, low level expression is also detected in other organs. Induction of the Hp gene is mediated by interleukin-6-type cytokines and is synergistically enhanced by glucocorticoids. Growth stimulation of hepatic cells in vivo or in vitro suppresses the Hp gene-inducing effects of inflammatory cytokines. Receptors for IL-6 cytokines mediate induction of the Hp gene by the transcription factors signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) and CAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBPbeta), but attenuate the stimulation through co-activated STAT5 and mitogen-activated protein kinases, ERK-1 and ERK-2. The specificity by which the related cytokines, IL-6, oncostatin M, and leukemia inhibitory factor, regulate Hp gene transcription is determined by the profile of the cytokine receptor subunits expressed on the target cells and the relative extents by which these receptors activate the intracellular signaling pathways. The current hypothesis is that HP exerts an anti-inflammatory activity and that by the degree with which HP attenuates the inflammatory process, including the production of IL-6 cytokines, it determines the level and duration of acute phase expression of the Hp gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA
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48
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Abstract
We have determined that the MIN mouse, which is predisposed to adenomas of the small and large intestine, exhibits chronic inflammation characterized by the induction of haptoglobin (HP), as well as other acute phase proteins. Inflammation is initiated at about 40-70 days of age, and is maintained throughout the life of the animal. Delayed onset of inflammation brought on by dietary means is associated with a reduction in tumor number and longer life-span. Knockout mice that lack haptoglobin exhibit an increase in tumor number, indicating that the acute phase reactant suppresses tumorigenesis, perhaps through inhibition of the inflammatory response. The MIN mouse is, therefore, a useful model for studying the roles of HP and inflammation in tumorigenesis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- K W Barbour
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208, USA
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49
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Abstract
A variety of immunomodulatory effects have previously been attributed to haptoglobin (Hp). These are supposed to be partly mediated through binding of Hp to CD11b. In the present study, we assessed its effects on T-helper (Th) cytokine production following both in vitro and in vivo stimulation of T-cells. Hp exhibits a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on human T lymphocyte release of the Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10 and IL-13) in vitro, whereas it has no clear effect on Th1 cytokine (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) release. When administered an anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody, Hp knockout mice produced more IL-4 and less IFN-gamma than did their wild-type litter-mates. Our findings imply that Hp may be regarded as a regulator of the Th1/Th2 balance in both human and murine immune systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arredouani
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Gasthuisberg University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium.
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50
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Pfosser MF, Baumann H. Phylogeny and geographical differentiation of zucchini yellow mosaic virus isolates (Potyviridae) based on molecular analysis of the coat protein and part of the cytoplasmic inclusion protein genes. Arch Virol 2002; 147:1599-609. [PMID: 12181678 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-002-0839-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
DNA sequences for the coat protein (CP) and part of the cytoplasmic inclusion (CI) protein genes after reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were reported for the first time for isolates of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) from Austria, Germany, Italy and Slovenia. Comparison of the DNA sequences of 30 isolates from different geographical regions worldwide revealed highest similarities of the Austrian isolates to those from Slovenia and Hungary. Isolates from Germany and Italy were only distantly related and clustered with isolates from other parts of the world. Our results indicate that a specific isolate can spread rapidly to geographically adjacent areas but may not be directly related to isolates found in other neighboring countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin F Pfosser
- Institute of Botany, Department of Higher Plant Systematics and Evolution, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.
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