1
|
Litwin NS, Van Ark HJ, Hartley SC, Michell KA, Vazquez AR, Fischer EK, Melby CL, Weir TL, Wei Y, Rao S, Hildreth KL, Seals DR, Pagliassotti MJ, Johnson SA. Impact of Red Beetroot Juice on Vascular Endothelial Function and Cardiometabolic Responses to a High-Fat Meal in Middle-Aged/Older Adults with Overweight and Obesity: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial. Curr Dev Nutr 2019; 3:nzz113. [PMID: 31737860 PMCID: PMC6848269 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-fat meal (HFM) consumption may induce transient postprandial atherogenic responses, including impairment of vascular endothelial function, in individuals with overweight/obesity. Red beetroot juice (RBJ) may modulate endothelial function and other measures of cardiometabolic health. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the impact of acute and chronic RBJ consumption, including nitrate-dependent and -independent effects, on postprandial endothelial function and other cardiometabolic responses to a HFM. METHODS Fifteen men and postmenopausal women with overweight/obesity were enrolled in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 4-period, crossover clinical trial. Following an overnight fast, participants underwent baseline assessment of endothelial function (reactive hyperemia index; RHI) and hemodynamics, and biological sample collection. In random order, participants consumed 70 mL (acute visit) of: 1) RBJ, 2) nitrate-free RBJ (NF-RBJ), 3) placebo + nitrate (PBO + NIT), or 4) placebo (PBO), followed by a HFM. RHI was remeasured 4 h post-HFM, and hemodynamic assessment and biological sample collection were performed 1, 2, and 4 h post-HFM consumption. Participants consumed treatments daily for 4 wk (chronic visit), and assessments were repeated before/after the HFM (without consuming treatments). RESULTS HFM consumption did not induce significant impairment of postprandial RHI. No significant differences in RHI were detected across treatment groups following acute or chronic exposure, despite increases in circulating nitrate/nitrite (NOx) concentrations in the RBJ and PBO + NIT groups compared with PBO and NF-RBJ (P < 0.0001 for all time points at the acute visit; P < 0.05 for all time points at the chronic visit). Although the HFM led to significant alterations in several secondary outcomes, there were no consistent treatment effects on postprandial cardiometabolic responses. CONCLUSIONS HFM consumption did not impair postprandial endothelial function in this population, and RBJ exposure did not alter postprandial endothelial function or other outcomes despite increasing NOx concentrations. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02949115.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole S Litwin
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Hannah J Van Ark
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Shannon C Hartley
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Kiri A Michell
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Allegra R Vazquez
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Emily K Fischer
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Christopher L Melby
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Tiffany L Weir
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Yuren Wei
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Sangeeta Rao
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Kerry L Hildreth
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Douglas R Seals
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Michael J Pagliassotti
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Sarah A Johnson
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Santos-Parker JR, Lubieniecki KL, Rossman MJ, Van Ark HJ, Bassett CJ, Strahler TR, Chonchol MB, Justice JN, Seals DR. Curcumin supplementation and motor-cognitive function in healthy middle-aged and older adults. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 4:323-333. [PMID: 29951592 PMCID: PMC6004902 DOI: 10.3233/nha-170029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggest curcumin is a promising nutraceutical for improving important clinical and physiological markers of healthy aging, including motor and cognitive function. OBJECTIVE: To determine if curcumin supplementation improves motor and cognitive function in healthy middle-aged and older adults. METHODS: 39 healthy men and postmenopausal women (45–74 yrs) were randomized to 12 weeks of placebo (n = 19) or curcumin supplementation (2000 mg/day Longvida®; n = 20) with motor and cognitive function assessed at week 0 and 12. RESULTS: Using measures of the NIH Toolbox and other standardized tests, there were no changes in muscle strength and rate of torque development, dexterity, fatigability, mobility, endurance, and balance between the placebo and curcumin groups after 12 weeks (all P > 0.05). Additionally, there were no changes after 12 weeks of placebo and curcumin supplementation in measures of fluid cognitive ability, a cognitive domain that declines with age, including processing speed, executive function, working memory, and episodic memory (all P > 0.3). There were marginal changes in language, a measure of crystallized cognitive ability that is stable with age, following the intervention, wherein reading decoding increased 3% in the curcumin group (post: 2428±35 vs. pre: 2357±34, P = 0.003), but was unchanged in the placebo group (post: 2334±39 vs. pre: 2364±40, P = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS: Overall, 12 weeks of curcumin supplementation does not improve motor and cognitive functions in healthy middle-aged and older adults. It is possible that curcumin may enhance these functions in groups with greater baseline impairments than those studied here, including adults greater than 75 years of age and/or patients with clinical disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kara L Lubieniecki
- Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Matthew J Rossman
- Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Hannah J Van Ark
- Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Candace J Bassett
- Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Talia R Strahler
- Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Michel B Chonchol
- Medicine (Renal Diseases and Hypertension), University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jamie N Justice
- Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Douglas R Seals
- Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|