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Khan SU, Aslam R, Ashraf M, Ali S, Saqib M, Khattak MA, Khattak US, Amanullah H, Wuryastuty H, Wasito R, Haryanto A, Ullah F, Ma M, Ali S. Prevalence of antibiotic resistance pattern in shigella isolates procured from pediatric patients at Faisalabad - Pakistan. Pak J Pharm Sci 2022; 35:41-48. [PMID: 35221271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Shigella infection (shigellosis) is an intestinal disease caused by a shigella isolates belongs to a family Enterobacteriacea. Watery diarrhea, abdominal pain and tenesmus are the prominent symptoms of shigella infection. The present study was designed to determine period prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Shigella species recovered from stool specimens obtained from diarrheal paediatric patients under 5 years of age. This cross-sectional study was carried out for a period of six months (Jan to June, 2016). All Shigella isolates were identified based on colony morphology, microscopic characteristics, and biochemical characteristics. After applying Kirby Baur disc diffusion method only 22 (18.96%) stool specimens were found positive for Shigella isolates among the 116 stool specimens. The isolates were also found susceptible to Levofloxacin (72.72%), Azithromycin (59.09%), and Cefotaxime (40.90%). However, the said isolates were resistant to Lincomycin (100%) and Penicillin-G (100%), followed by Amoxicillin (95.45%) and Oxacillin (95.45%). The chi-square test was used to check the close association among antimicrobial agents used and as highly significant (p-value < 2.2e-16). Based on antimicrobial susceptibility findings, Levofloxacin, Azithromycin and Cefotoxime were found effective for the control of shigellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Ullah Khan
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Aslam
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sultan Ali
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Umer Sadique Khattak
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Sciences (FAHVS) The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Haq Amanullah
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Sciences (FAHVS) The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Hastari Wuryastuty
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - R Wasito
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Aris Haryanto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biologi, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Farman Ullah
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, National Center for Livestock Breeding Genetics and Genomics LUAWMS, Uthal, Pakistan
| | - Menggen Ma
- Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Sardar Ali
- Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, PR China
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Mobashar M, Aqeel Q, Khan MT, Shah AA, Abdel-Wareth AA, Khan S, Ahmad N, Ullah S, Amanullah H. Dietary Supplementation Effect of Alfalfa and Prangos pabularia Hay on Feed Intake, Growth, and Nutrient Degradability in Kari Sheep. PAK J ZOOL 2021. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20200323040349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Iqbal N, Khan MT, Amanullah H, Din I, Khan H, Shah M, Mushtaq M. Effect of feeding different levels of discarded date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) on digestibility, milk yield, and composition in Damani sheep. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 51:2181-2186. [PMID: 31115749 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-01919-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Poor quality feed and lack of feed resource conservation in Pakistan are the major constraints influencing livestock production systems in the country. In the current study, we endeavored to ascertain the most favorable utilization of discarded date palm in sheep nutrition. Sixteen multiparous Damani sheep (average weight = 26 Kg) in the 2nd month of lactation were randomly distributed into four equal groups i.e., A, B, C, and D. They were fed with experimental rations supplemented with 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% discarded date palm on dry matter (DM) basis, respectively, to investigate its impact on feed intake, digestibility coefficient, milk yield, and composition. The dry matter intake (DMI) significantly increased (P < 0.05) in groups C and D. Significant differences in dry matter digestibility (DMD) were noted among groups with mean values 50.2%, 56.4%, 65.2%, and 72.2%, respectively. Daily milk yield recorded for the groups was 842.00, 854.50, 921.00, and 960.00 (ml/day), respectively, showing a significant increase in groups C and D. However, investigating the mineral profile of milk, only calcium (Ca) and copper (Cu) were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in dates fed groups. In conclusion, significant utilization of discarded date palm can be achieved through incorporation of these wastes in small ruminant rations to get significant increases in DMI, DMD, and milk yield (MY), calcium (Ca) and copper (Cu) levels of milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Iqbal
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tahir Khan
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Haq Amanullah
- Department of Animal Health, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
| | - Israru Din
- Department of Livestock and Dairy Development, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hamayun Khan
- Department of Animal Health, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muqader Shah
- Department of Animal Health, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mushtaq
- Department of Poultry Science, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Shah M, Zaneb H, Masood S, Khan I, Sikandar A, Ashraf S, Rehman H, Usman M, Khan F, Amanullah H, Rehman H. Effect of zinc and probiotics supplementation on performance and immune organs morphology in heat stressed broilers. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v48i6.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Zakirullah Z, Khan H, Gohar A, Amanullah H, Younas M, Tunio MT, Khan MS, Khan IM, Khan N. L-Cysteine Addition in Tris-Citric Acid Extender Enhances Functional Characteristics of Post-Thaw Spermatozoa in Achai and Holstein Friesian Bulls under Subtropical Environment. PAK J ZOOL 2019. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/2019.51.6.2193.2198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Khattak I, Mushtaq MH, Ayaz S, Ali S, Sheed A, Muhammad J, Sohail ML, Amanullah H, Ahmad I, Ur Rahman S. Incidence and Drug Resistance of Zoonotic Mycobacterium bovis Infection in Peshawar, Pakistan. Adv Exp Med Biol 2018; 1057:111-126. [PMID: 29453670 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Prevalence of zoonotic Mycobacterium bovis (bTB) disease in human population is underreported from the North of Pakistan. Here, we report on the proportion of human bTB disease among the overall TB patients, drug resistance pattern of bTB isolates, and knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP)-based analysis of bTB disease. For this purpose, sputum samples from a total of 300 clinically diagnosed TB patients and 100 randomly selected school children suspected of pulmonary TB were processed by culture as well as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for isolation, identification, and confirmation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (mTB) and bTB species. Isolates of bTB were processed for drug susceptibility tests. Data on KAP regarding TB were obtained on a pretested questionnaire. Sputum-based PCR results indicated that 288/300 (96%) were confirmed as mTB, while 12/300 (4%) were found as bTB diseases. Interestingly, none of the school child was declared positive for either mTB or bTB. Notably, 274/300 (91.3%) positively cultured samples were identified as mTB, 13/300 (4.3%) as bTB, while 5/300 (1.7%) as mixed containing both. Importantly, except one, all of the bTB isolates were found resistant to pyrazinamide. Surprisingly, most of the bTB isolates (~70%) were found resistant to a broad range of first- and second-line anti-TB drugs. SplitsTree and recombination analysis indicated no evidence of intergenic recombination. Finally, residence, occupation, presence of animals at home, and sleeping alongside animals were found significantly associated with occurrence of bTB disease. To the best of our knowledge, we report for the first time on the high (4%) burden of bTB disease in human TB patients in Peshawar, Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Khattak
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.,College of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sultan Ayaz
- College of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Ali
- Provincial Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Sheed
- Provincial Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Javed Muhammad
- University Diagnostic Lab, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Luqman Sohail
- University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia university of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Haq Amanullah
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sadeeq Ur Rahman
- College of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan.
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