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Nazir H, Muthuswamy N, Louis C, Jose S, Prakash J, Buan MEM, Flox C, Chavan S, Shi X, Kauranen P, Kallio T, Maia G, Tammeveski K, Lymperopoulos N, Carcadea E, Veziroglu E, Iranzo A, M Kannan A. Is the H 2 economy realizable in the foreseeable future? Part III: H 2 usage technologies, applications, and challenges and opportunities. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2020; 45:28217-28239. [PMID: 32863546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.03.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Energy enthusiasts in developed countries explore sustainable and efficient pathways for accomplishing zero carbon footprint through the H2 economy. The major objective of the H2 economy review series is to bring out the status, major issues, and opportunities associated with the key components such as H2 production, storage, transportation, distribution, and applications in various energy sectors. Specifically, Part I discussed H2 production methods including the futuristic ones such as photoelectrochemical for small, medium, and large-scale applications, while Part II dealt with the challenges and developments in H2 storage, transportation, and distribution with national and international initiatives. Part III of the H2 economy review discusses the developments and challenges in the areas of H2 application in chemical/metallurgical industries, combustion, and fuel cells. Currently, the majority of H2 is being utilized by a few chemical industries with >60% in the oil refineries sector, by producing grey H2 by steam methane reforming on a large scale. In addition, the review also presents the challenges in various technologies for establishing greener and sustainable H2 society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Nazir
- US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Navaneethan Muthuswamy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands Vei 4, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Cindrella Louis
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, 620015, TN, India
| | - Sujin Jose
- School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Palkalai Nagar, Madurai 625021, TN, India
| | - Jyoti Prakash
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Marthe E M Buan
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Cristina Flox
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Sai Chavan
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Xuan Shi
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Pertti Kauranen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Tanja Kallio
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Gilberto Maia
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, University City, Senador Filinto Müller Avenue No. 1555, 79074-460, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Kaido Tammeveski
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nikolaos Lymperopoulos
- Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking, Avenue de La Toison D'Or 56-60, B-1060, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elena Carcadea
- National Center for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells, National R&D Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies - ICSI, 4 Uzinei Street, Ramnicu Valcea, 240050, Romania
| | - Emre Veziroglu
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, International Association for Hydrogen Energy, USA
| | - Alfredo Iranzo
- School of Engineering, Universidad de Sevilla, Camino de Los Descubrimientos, S/n, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Arunachala M Kannan
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
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Nazir H, Muthuswamy N, Louis C, Jose S, Prakash J, Buan MEM, Flox C, Chavan S, Shi X, Kauranen P, Kallio T, Maia G, Tammeveski K, Lymperopoulos N, Carcadea E, Veziroglu E, Iranzo A, M Kannan A. Is the H 2 economy realizable in the foreseeable future? Part III: H 2 usage technologies, applications, and challenges and opportunities. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2020; 45:28217-28239. [PMID: 32863546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.05.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Energy enthusiasts in developed countries explore sustainable and efficient pathways for accomplishing zero carbon footprint through the H2 economy. The major objective of the H2 economy review series is to bring out the status, major issues, and opportunities associated with the key components such as H2 production, storage, transportation, distribution, and applications in various energy sectors. Specifically, Part I discussed H2 production methods including the futuristic ones such as photoelectrochemical for small, medium, and large-scale applications, while Part II dealt with the challenges and developments in H2 storage, transportation, and distribution with national and international initiatives. Part III of the H2 economy review discusses the developments and challenges in the areas of H2 application in chemical/metallurgical industries, combustion, and fuel cells. Currently, the majority of H2 is being utilized by a few chemical industries with >60% in the oil refineries sector, by producing grey H2 by steam methane reforming on a large scale. In addition, the review also presents the challenges in various technologies for establishing greener and sustainable H2 society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Nazir
- US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Navaneethan Muthuswamy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands Vei 4, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Cindrella Louis
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, 620015, TN, India
| | - Sujin Jose
- School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Palkalai Nagar, Madurai 625021, TN, India
| | - Jyoti Prakash
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Marthe E M Buan
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Cristina Flox
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Sai Chavan
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Xuan Shi
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Pertti Kauranen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Tanja Kallio
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Gilberto Maia
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, University City, Senador Filinto Müller Avenue No. 1555, 79074-460, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Kaido Tammeveski
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nikolaos Lymperopoulos
- Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking, Avenue de La Toison D'Or 56-60, B-1060, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elena Carcadea
- National Center for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells, National R&D Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies - ICSI, 4 Uzinei Street, Ramnicu Valcea, 240050, Romania
| | - Emre Veziroglu
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, International Association for Hydrogen Energy, USA
| | - Alfredo Iranzo
- School of Engineering, Universidad de Sevilla, Camino de Los Descubrimientos, S/n, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Arunachala M Kannan
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
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Nazir H, Muthuswamy N, Louis C, Jose S, Prakash J, Buan MEM, Flox C, Chavan S, Shi X, Kauranen P, Kallio T, Maia G, Tammeveski K, Lymperopoulos N, Carcadea E, Veziroglu E, Iranzo A, M Kannan A. Is the H 2 economy realizable in the foreseeable future? Part III: H 2 usage technologies, applications, and challenges and opportunities. Int J Hydrogen Energy 2020; 45:28217-28239. [PMID: 32863546 PMCID: PMC7442163 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.07.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Energy enthusiasts in developed countries explore sustainable and efficient pathways for accomplishing zero carbon footprint through the H2 economy. The major objective of the H2 economy review series is to bring out the status, major issues, and opportunities associated with the key components such as H2 production, storage, transportation, distribution, and applications in various energy sectors. Specifically, Part I discussed H2 production methods including the futuristic ones such as photoelectrochemical for small, medium, and large-scale applications, while Part II dealt with the challenges and developments in H2 storage, transportation, and distribution with national and international initiatives. Part III of the H2 economy review discusses the developments and challenges in the areas of H2 application in chemical/metallurgical industries, combustion, and fuel cells. Currently, the majority of H2 is being utilized by a few chemical industries with >60% in the oil refineries sector, by producing grey H2 by steam methane reforming on a large scale. In addition, the review also presents the challenges in various technologies for establishing greener and sustainable H2 society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Nazir
- US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Navaneethan Muthuswamy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands Vei 4, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Cindrella Louis
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, 620015, TN, India
| | - Sujin Jose
- School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Palkalai Nagar, Madurai 625021, TN, India
| | - Jyoti Prakash
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Marthe E M Buan
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Cristina Flox
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Sai Chavan
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Xuan Shi
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
| | - Pertti Kauranen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Tanja Kallio
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Gilberto Maia
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, University City, Senador Filinto Müller Avenue No. 1555, 79074-460, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Kaido Tammeveski
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nikolaos Lymperopoulos
- Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking, Avenue de La Toison D'Or 56-60, B-1060, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elena Carcadea
- National Center for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells, National R&D Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies - ICSI, 4 Uzinei Street, Ramnicu Valcea, 240050, Romania
| | - Emre Veziroglu
- International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, International Association for Hydrogen Energy, USA
| | - Alfredo Iranzo
- School of Engineering, Universidad de Sevilla, Camino de Los Descubrimientos, S/n, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Arunachala M Kannan
- The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA
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Khan MN, Hamdani SU, Chiumento A, Dawson K, Bryant RA, Sijbrandij M, Nazir H, Akhtar P, Masood A, Wang D, Wang E, Uddin I, van Ommeren M, Rahman A. Evaluating feasibility and acceptability of a group WHO trans-diagnostic intervention for women with common mental disorders in rural Pakistan: a cluster randomised controlled feasibility trial. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2019; 28:77-87. [PMID: 28689511 PMCID: PMC6998939 DOI: 10.1017/s2045796017000336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this feasibility trial was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the locally adapted Group Problem Management Plus (PM+) intervention for women in the conflict affected settings in Swat, Pakistan. METHODS This mixed-methods study incorporated a quantitative component consisting of a two arm cluster randomised controlled feasibility trial, and qualitative evaluation of the acceptability of the Group PM+ to a range of stakeholder groups. For the quantitative component, on average from each of the 20 Lady Health Workers (LHWs) catchment area (20 clusters), six women were screened and recruited for the trial with score of >2 on the General Health Questionnaire and score of >16 on the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule. These LHW clusters were randomised on a 1 : 1 allocation ratio using a computer-based software through a simple randomisation method to the Group PM+ intervention or Enhanced Usual Care. The Group PM+ intervention consisted of five weekly sessions of 2 h duration delivered by local non-specialist females under supervision. The primary outcome was individual psychological distress, measured by levels of anxiety and depression on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale at 7th week after baseline. Secondary outcomes include symptoms of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), general psychological profile, levels of functioning and generalised psychological distress. Intervention acceptability was explored through in-depth interviews. RESULTS The results show that lay-helpers with no prior mental health experience can be trained to achieve the desired competency to successfully deliver the intervention in community settings under supervision. There was a good intervention uptake, with Group PM+ considered useful by participants, their families and lay-helpers. The outcome evaluation, which was not based on a large enough study to identify statistically significant results, indicated statistically significant improvements in depression, anxiety, general psychological profile and functioning. The PTSD symptoms and depressive disorder scores showed a trend in favour of the intervention. CONCLUSION This trial showed robust acceptance in the local settings with delivery by non-specialists under supervision by local trained females. The trial paves the way for further adaptation and exploration of the outcomes through larger-scale implementation and definitive randomised controlled trials in the local settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. N. Khan
- Khyber Medical University, Institute of Public Health & Social Sciences (IPH&SS), 10-B, Near ICMS, Phase V, Hayatabad, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - S. U. Hamdani
- Human Development Research Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - K. Dawson
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - R. A. Bryant
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - H. Nazir
- Human Development Research Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - P. Akhtar
- Human Development Research Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A. Masood
- Human Development Research Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - D. Wang
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - E. Wang
- Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - I. Uddin
- Bacha Khan Medical College, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - M. van Ommeren
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, World Health Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A. Rahman
- Human Development Research Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Nazir H, Lowe D, Rogers S. Patients’ experience of the monitoring of free flaps after reconstruction for oral cancer. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 55:1008-1012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Hijazi I, Faisal M, Mahmood A, Muzaffar H, Nazir H, Hussain J. Higher expression of Micro-RNA and Wnt signaling cascade in RNASEL candidate gene in prostate cancer. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx679.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Nazir H, Kelly J, Sah S. Midfacial trauma: subtarsal lower-eyelid incision to access and repair orbital floor fractures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.02.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Nazir H, Zhang W, Liu Y, Chen X, Wang L, Naseer MM, Ma G. Silicone oil emulsions: strategies to improve their stability and applications in hair care products. Int J Cosmet Sci 2013; 36:124-33. [PMID: 24279388 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Silicone oils have wide range of applications in personal care products due to their unique properties of high lubricity, non-toxicity, excessive spreading and film formation. They are usually employed in the form of emulsions due to their inert nature. Until now, different conventional emulsification techniques have been developed and applied to prepare silicone oil emulsions. The size and uniformity of emulsions showed important influence on stability of droplets, which further affect the application performance. Therefore, various strategies were developed to improve the stability as well as application performance of silicone oil emulsions. In this review, we highlight different factors influencing the stability of silicone oil emulsions and explain various strategies to overcome the stability problems. In addition, the silicone deposition on the surface of hair substrates and different approaches to increase their deposition are also discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nazir
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; Department of Biochemistry, Pir Mehr Ali Shah-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Imran M, Saeed MT, Mahmood S, Mohsin S, Sohail S, Munir A, Nazir H. A strategy for carrier detection in Pakistani haemophilia B families. Haemophilia 2012; 18:e348-9. [PMID: 22642557 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2012.02860.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ülkü D, Tahir MN, Nazir H, Yilmaz H. [2,3-Bis(salicylideneamino- O, N)pyridinato]nickel(II). Acta Crystallogr C 1998. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270197019379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Ülkü D, Tahir MN, Atakol O, Nazir H. Bis{(μ-acetato)[μ-bis(salicylidene)-1,3-propanediaminato](N,N-dimethylformamide)nickel(II)}cadmium(II). Acta Crystallogr C 1997. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270197002047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Tahir MN, Ülkü D, Yilmaz H, Nazir H. Ethyl {[N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)amino](2-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)methyl}phosphonate. Acta Crystallogr C 1996. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270196009304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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