Menghwani H, Piplani R, Yhoshu E, Jagdish B, Sree BS. Delayed Presentation of Malrotation: Case Series and Literature Review.
J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2023;
28:271-277. [PMID:
37635889 PMCID:
PMC10455704 DOI:
10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_2_23]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background
Intestinal malrotation is a congenital anomaly resulting from abnormal or incomplete rotation and fixation of the midgut during embryogenesis. It commonly presents in the neonatal period (75%) with sudden onset bilious vomiting and rarely beyond infancy (<10%).
Aim
The aim of the study was to highlight the clinical features, radiological findings, and treatment outcomes of patients with malrotation presenting beyond infancy.
Materials and Methods
Eleven consecutive cases of delayed presentation of malrotation presented over a period of 5 years (2017-2021). Data were analyzed retrospectively.
Results
Out of the 11 patients, four were female and seven were male. The age of patients ranged from 14 months to 18 years. Patients beyond infancy present usually with diffuse pain abdomen compared to neonates which present with sudden onset bilious vomiting and therefore difficult to diagnose. Five patients had associated abnormalities such as intussusception or nutcracker syndrome or mesenteric cyst or jejunal stricture or mesenteric lymphadenopathy along with malrotation. Patients underwent ultrasonography, upper gastrointestinal contrast study, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography abdomen to confirm the diagnosis. All patients underwent the Ladd procedure with four requiring resection anastomosis and one requiring excision of the mesenteric cyst. Eight out of eleven patients had favorable outcomes, two develop adhesive intestinal obstruction and required re-exploration, and one had persistent complaints of hematochezia.
Conclusion
Malrotation beyond infancy is a rare diagnosis. Malrotation in older children is usually not suspected because of the wide range of symptoms. A high index of suspicion on ultrasound or computed tomography is required to demonstrate the reversal of superior mesenteric artery and superior mesenteric vein position and related conditions. Early intervention and treatment can prevent catastrophic events such as intestinal volvulus and intestinal ischemia in these patients.
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