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Oshikata C, Watanabe M, Saito A, Yasueda H, Akiyama K, Kamata Y, Tsurikisawa N. Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis caused by Penicillium luteum. Med Mycol Case Rep 2016; 15:9-11. [PMID: 28053852 PMCID: PMC5198797 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A 65-year-old Japanese male had severe bronchial asthma had increased mold-containing sputum. Serum total IgE level had increased to 798 IU/mL and antigen-specific precipitating antibodies to P. luteum and P. notatum were present but not those reactive toward any species of Aspergillus. Chest computed tomography revealed central bronchiectasis and bronchial wall thickness. After antigen-specific provocation with 10 mg/mL of P. luteum, the patient developed asthma exacerbation, but not with A. fumigatus. We present a rare case of Penicillium-induced allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis caused by P. luteum. Penicillium-induced allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis caused by P. luteum Antigen-specific precipitating antibodies to P. luteum and P. notatum were present but not to any species of Aspergillus. Patient had experienced asthma exacerbation after provocation with of P. luteum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiyako Oshikata
- National Hospital Organization Saitama National Hospital, Department of Respirology, 2-1 Suwa, Wako, Saitama 351-0102, Japan; National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital, Department of Allergy and Respirology, Sakuradai 18-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0392, Japan
| | - Maiko Watanabe
- Division of Microbiology, National Institute of Health Science, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan
| | - Akemi Saito
- National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara National Hospital, Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0392, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yasueda
- National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara National Hospital, Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0392, Japan
| | - Kazuo Akiyama
- National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital, Department of Allergy and Respirology, Sakuradai 18-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0392, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kamata
- Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
| | - Naomi Tsurikisawa
- National Hospital Organization Saitama National Hospital, Department of Respirology, 2-1 Suwa, Wako, Saitama 351-0102, Japan; National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital, Department of Allergy and Respirology, Sakuradai 18-1, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0392, Japan
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Tanimoto H, Fukutomi Y, Yasueda H, Takeuchi Y, Saito A, Watai K, Sekiya K, Tsuburai T, Asano K, Taniguchi M, Akiyama K. Molecular-based allergy diagnosis of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in Aspergillus fumigatus-sensitized Japanese patients. Clin Exp Allergy 2016; 45:1790-800. [PMID: 26118958 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distinguishing between patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) and Aspergillus fumigatus (Af)-sensitized asthmatic patients without ABPA is sometimes difficult owing to the IgE-cross-reactivity between Af and other fungal allergens. OBJECTIVE To establish the usefulness of molecular-based allergy diagnostics using allergen components from Af in distinguishing ABPA from Af-sensitized asthma without ABPA. METHODS Sera from Japanese patients with ABPA (n = 53) and Af-sensitized asthma without ABPA (n = 253) were studied. The levels of IgE and IgG antibodies to allergen components from Af and IgE antibodies to different fugal allergen extracts were measured by ImmunoCAP. Comorbid atopic dermatitis (AD) was taken into consideration in the sensitization profile analysis. RESULTS Patients with ABPA possessed significantly higher levels of IgE antibodies to Asp f 1, and Asp f 2 than asthmatic patients without ABPA. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the levels of IgE to Asp f 1 and Asp f 2 as diagnostic markers of ABPA were 0.75 and 0.78, respectively. The presence of IgE positivity to Asp f 1 and/or Asp f 2 resulted in increased sensitivity while losing little specificity. Comorbid AD was associated with higher levels of IgE to Asp f 6 (manganese superoxide dismutase from Af, a ubiquitous pan-allergen in fungi) and low but positive levels of IgE to other Af-components, which hampered the serological discrimination of ABPA. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The levels of IgE to Asp f 1 and/or Asp f 2 can effectively differentiate ABPA from Af-sensitized asthma, suggesting that the amounts of IgE specific for these molecules are markers for genuine Af-sensitization in ABPA. However, comorbid AD must be taken into consideration in the interpretation of high IgE to Asp f 6. Establishing of IgE-sensitization profiles using panel of Af-allergen components provides valuable information for distinguishing genuine vs. cross-reactive sensitization in Af-sensitized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tanimoto
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Y Fukutomi
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - H Yasueda
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Y Takeuchi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Allergy, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - A Saito
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - K Watai
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - K Sekiya
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - T Tsuburai
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - K Asano
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - M Taniguchi
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - K Akiyama
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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Miyaji K, Okamoto N, Saito A, Yasueda H, Takase Y, Shimakura H, Saito S, Sakaguchi M. Cross-reactivity between major IgE core epitopes on Cry j 2 allergen of Japanese cedar pollen and relevant sequences on Cha o 2 allergen of Japanese cypress pollen. Allergol Int 2016; 65:286-92. [PMID: 26916996 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cry j 2 and Cha o 2 are major allergens in Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica; CJ) and Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa; CO) pollen, respectively. Here, we assessed the epitopes related to the cross-reactivity between Cry j 2 and Cha o 2 using in vitro analyses. METHODS Peptides were synthesized based on Cry j 2 sequential epitopes and relevant Cha o 2 amino acid sequences. Four representative monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against Cry j 2 were used according to their epitope recognitions. Serum samples were collected from 31 patients with CJ pollinosis. To investigate cross-reactivity between Cry j 2 and Cha o 2, ELISA and inhibition ELISA were performed with mAbs and sera from patients with CJ pollinosis. RESULTS Two of four mAbs had reactivity to both Cry j 2 and Cha o 2. Of these two mAbs, one mAb (T27) recognized the amino acid sequence (169)KVVNGRTV(176) on Cha o 2. This is related to the core epitope (169)KWVNGREI(176) on Cry j 2, which is an important IgE epitope. In addition, we found that these correlative sequences and purified allergens showed cross-reactivity between Cry j 2 and Cha o 2 in IgE of CJ patients. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the importance of (169)KVVNGRTV(176) in Cha o 2 for cross-reactivity with the Cry j 2 epitope (169)KWVNGREI(176), which plays an important role in allergenicity in CJ pollinosis. Our results are useful for the development of safer and more efficient therapeutic strategies for the treatment of CJ and CO pollen allergies.
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Tsurikisawa N, Saito A, Oshikata C, Yasueda H, Akiyama K. Effective allergen avoidance for reducing exposure to house dust mite allergens and improving disease management in adult atopic asthmatics. J Asthma 2016; 53:843-53. [PMID: 27049597 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2016.1155218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the best strategy for adult asthmatics to avoid exposure to Dermatophagoides group (Der-1) allergens. METHODS Adult atopic asthmatics (n = 111) followed a 32-item checklist for avoiding Der-1 allergen exposure. Twenty-five patients were excluded through incomplete sampling; 50 remaining patients encased their pillows/futons/mattresses in microfine-fiber covers, 13 used vacuum cleaners with dust-mite-collection nozzles, and 23 acted as non-intervention controls. During August-October 2010 and August-October 2011, dust samples were collected in Petri dishes placed in bedrooms for 2 weeks and from mattresses/futons by using adhesive tape on one morning. A Der-1 level decrease was defined as a mean 2011 Der-1 level of <1 as a ratio of the 2010 level on tape or Petri dish samples. We analyzed the associations between Der-1 level change (by ELISA) and % weekly variability in peak expiratory flow (PEF) or fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) after intervention. RESULTS Der-1 levels decreased significantly in the covers group but not the vacuuming group. FeNO levels and PEF variability were unchanged in both groups. In patients whose Petri dish or tape samples showed decreased Der-1 levels, the % PEF variability was lower in 2011 than in 2010, but FeNO levels were unchanged. Three interventions (vacuuming all family members' mattress/futon surfaces at least weekly or after exposure of the futons to sunlight, and floor wiping before vacuuming), plus using covers, were the most effective management strategy in reducing Der-1 levels. CONCLUSIONS This environmental and bedding maintenance program may help manage adult atopic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Tsurikisawa
- a Department of Allergy and Respirology , National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital , Kanagawa , Japan.,c Department of Respirology , National Hospital Organization Saitama Hospital , Saitama , Japan
| | - Akemi Saito
- b Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital , Kanagawa , Japan
| | - Chiyako Oshikata
- a Department of Allergy and Respirology , National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital , Kanagawa , Japan.,c Department of Respirology , National Hospital Organization Saitama Hospital , Saitama , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yasueda
- b Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital , Kanagawa , Japan
| | - Kazuo Akiyama
- a Department of Allergy and Respirology , National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital , Kanagawa , Japan
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Tanimoto H, Fukutomi Y, Yasueda H, Takeuchi Y, Saito A, Watai K, Sekiya K, Tsuburai T, Asano K, Taniguchi M, Akiyama K. Molecular-based allergy diagnosis of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis inAspergillus fumigatus-sensitized Japanese patients. Clin Exp Allergy 2016; 46:381. [DOI: 10.1111/cea.12698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fukutomi Y, Tanimoto H, Yasueda H, Taniguchi M. Serological diagnosis of allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis: Progress and challenges. Allergol Int 2016; 65:30-6. [PMID: 26740298 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2015.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prompt diagnosis of allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis (ABPM) is an important clinical issue in preventing irreversible lung damage. Therefore, a good serological marker for the diagnosis of ABPM is desired in clinical practice. The measurement of IgE antibody to crude Aspergillus fumigatus allergen is considered the first step in screening asthmatic patients for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). However, presence of IgE to A. fumigatus does not always indicate genuine sensitization to A. fumigatus because of cross-reactivity between crude extracts from different fungal sources. The application of molecular-based allergy diagnosis can solve this problem. The specificity of testing can be greatly improved by measuring the IgE antibody to Asp f 1 and f 2, specific allergen components for genuine A. fumigatus allergy. The problem of cross-reactivity between crude fungal extracts is also true for the identification of genuine causal fungi in each ABPM patient. Some patients with ABPM induced by fungi other than Aspergillus may be consistent with ABPA diagnostic criteria because current criteria depend on IgE/IgG reactivity to crude extracts. Accurate identification of genuine causal fungi for ABPM is of clinical importance, considering that clinical presentation, anti-fungal treatment strategies and disease prognosis can be influenced by different causal fungi. The diagnosis of causal fungi can be robustly validated by the confirmation of genuine sensitization to fungi after measuring IgE to specific allergen components, as well as repeated microbiological isolation of the fungi from their airway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Fukutomi
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Hidenori Tanimoto
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yasueda
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masami Taniguchi
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
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Takai T, Okamoto Y, Okubo K, Nagata M, Sakaguchi M, Fukutomi Y, Saito A, Yasueda H, Masuyama K. Japanese Society of Allergology task force report on standardization of house dust mite allergen vaccines - secondary publication. Allergol Int 2015; 64:181-6. [PMID: 25838095 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the 1990s, the Japanese Society of Allergology (JSA) standardized Japanese cedar pollen allergen vaccines. In the present study, the task force for house dust mite (HDM) allergen standardization of the Committee for Allergens and Immunotherapy of JSA reports the standardization of HDM allergen vaccines in Japan. METHODS In vivo allergenic potency was determined by intradermal testing of 51 Japanese adults with positive serum specific IgE to HDM allergens. In vitro total IgE binding potency was analyzed by competition ELISA using a pooled serum, with sera obtained from 10 allergic patients. The amounts of HDM group 1 (Der 1) and group 2 major allergens in eight HDM allergen extracts were measured by sandwich ELISAs. Correlation between the in vitro total IgE binding potency and major allergen levels was analyzed. RESULTS We selected a JSA reference HDM extract and determined its in vivo allergenic potency. The in vitro total IgE binding potency significantly correlated with Der 1 content, group 2 allergen content, and their combined amount, indicating that measurement of major allergen contents can be used as a surrogate in vitro assay. CONCLUSIONS The task force determined the in vivo allergenic potency (100,000 JAU/ml) and Der 1 content (38.5 μg/ml) of the JSA reference HDM extract, selected the measurement of Der 1 content as the surrogate in vitro assay, and decided that manufacturers can label a HDM allergen extract as having a titer of 100,000 JAU/ml if it contains 22.2-66.7 μg/ml of Der 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiro Takai
- Task Force for House Dust Mite Allergen Standardization of the Committee for Allergens and Immunotherapy of the Japanese Society of Allergology, Tokyo, Japan; Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Okamoto
- Task Force for House Dust Mite Allergen Standardization of the Committee for Allergens and Immunotherapy of the Japanese Society of Allergology, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Okubo
- Task Force for House Dust Mite Allergen Standardization of the Committee for Allergens and Immunotherapy of the Japanese Society of Allergology, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Head and Neck Sensory Organ Science (Otolaryngology), Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Nagata
- Task Force for House Dust Mite Allergen Standardization of the Committee for Allergens and Immunotherapy of the Japanese Society of Allergology, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sakaguchi
- Task Force for House Dust Mite Allergen Standardization of the Committee for Allergens and Immunotherapy of the Japanese Society of Allergology, Tokyo, Japan; Laboratory of Microbiology I, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuma Fukutomi
- Task Force for House Dust Mite Allergen Standardization of the Committee for Allergens and Immunotherapy of the Japanese Society of Allergology, Tokyo, Japan; Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akemi Saito
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yasueda
- Task Force for House Dust Mite Allergen Standardization of the Committee for Allergens and Immunotherapy of the Japanese Society of Allergology, Tokyo, Japan; Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Masuyama
- Task Force for House Dust Mite Allergen Standardization of the Committee for Allergens and Immunotherapy of the Japanese Society of Allergology, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.
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Minami T, Fukutomi Y, Lidholm J, Yasueda H, Saito A, Sekiya K, Tsuburai T, Maeda Y, Mori A, Taniguchi M, Hasegawa M, Akiyama K. IgE Abs to Der p 1 and Der p 2 as diagnostic markers of house dust mite allergy as defined by a bronchoprovocation test. Allergol Int 2015; 64:90-5. [PMID: 25572562 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited information is available regarding the clinical usefulness of measuring the levels of IgE to allergen components from house dust mites (HDMs) in the diagnosis of genuine HDM allergy. METHODS To evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of measuring levels of serum IgE antibodies (Abs) to allergen components from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP) as a predictor of immediate asthmatic response (IAR) to bronchoprovocation, we studied 55 DP-sensitized asthmatic patients who underwent a bronchoprovocation test using crude DP extract. The levels of IgE Abs to crude DP, nDer p 1, rDer p 2, and rDer p 10 in patients who showed IAR (n = 41) were compared with those in patients who showed no IAR (n = 14). RESULTS While the frequencies of positivity for IgE Abs to nDer p 1 and rDer p 2 among the entire study population were 89 and 86%, respectively, all patients with IAR tested positive for both of them with high IgE concentrations. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for IgE to nDer p 1 and rDer p 2 as predictors of IAR were 0.913 and 0.906, respectively. The specificity of IgE to nDer p 1 and rDer p 2 was higher than IgE to crude DP even at low cut-off points. CONCLUSIONS IgE to nDer p 1 and/or rDer p 2 was highly predictive of allergen-induced IAR. These findings validate the clinical usefulness of measuring the levels of IgE to nDer p 1 and rDer p 2 as a diagnostic tool for genuine HDM allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Minami
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuma Fukutomi
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | | | - Hiroshi Yasueda
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akemi Saito
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Sekiya
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsuburai
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuji Maeda
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akio Mori
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masami Taniguchi
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Maki Hasegawa
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kazuo Akiyama
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
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Takai T, Okamoto Y, Okubo K, Nagata M, Sakaguchi M, Fukutomi Y, Saito A, Yasueda H, Masuyama K. [Japanese Society of Allergology Task Force Report on standardization of house dust mite allergen vaccines]. Arerugi 2014; 63:1229-1240. [PMID: 25492878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the 1990s, the Japanese Society of Allergology (JSA) standardized Japanese cedar pollen allergen vaccines. In the present study, the task force for house dust mite (HDM) allergen standardization of the Committee for Allergens and Immunotherapy of JSA reports the standardization of HDM allergen vaccines in Japan. METHODS In vivo allergenic potency was determined by intradermal testing of 51 Japanese adults with positive serum specific IgE to HDM allergens. In vitro total IgE binding potency was analyzed by the competitive ELISA using a pooled serum, with sera obtained from 10 allergic patients. Concentrations of HDM group 1 (Der 1) and group 2 major allergens in eight HDM allergen extracts were measured by sandwich ELISAs. Correlation between the in vitro total IgE binding potency and major allergen levels was analyzed. RESULTS We selected a JSA reference HDM extract and determined its in vivo allergenic potency. The in vitro total IgE binding potency significantly correlated with Der 1 content, group 2 allergen content, and their combined amount, indicating that measurement of major allergen contents can be used as a surrogate in vitro assay. CONCLUSIONS The task force determined the in vivo allergenic potency (100000 JAU/ml) and Der 1 content (38.5 μg/ml) of the JSA reference HDM extract, selected the measurement of Der 1 content as the surrogate in vitro assay, and decided that manufacturers can label a HDM allergen extract as having a titer of 100000 JAU/ml if it contains 22.2-66.7 μg/ml of Der 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiro Takai
- Task Force for House Dust Mite Allergen Standardization of the Committee for Allergens and Immunotherapy of the Japanese Society of Allergology; Atpoy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yoshitaka Okamoto
- Task Force for House Dust Mite Allergen Standardization of the Committee for Allergens and Immunotherapy of the Japanese Society of Allergology; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University
| | - Kimihiro Okubo
- Task Force for House Dust Mite Allergen Standardization of the Committee for Allergens and Immunotherapy of the Japanese Society of Allergology; Department of Head & Neck Sensory Organ Science (Otolaryngology), Graduate School, Nippon Medical School
| | - Makoto Nagata
- Task Force for House Dust Mite Allergen Standardization of the Committee for Allergens and Immunotherapy of the Japanese Society of Allergology; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University; Allergy Center, Saitama Medical University
| | - Masahiro Sakaguchi
- Task Force for House Dust Mite Allergen Standardization of the Committee for Allergens and Immunotherapy of the Japanese Society of Allergology; Laboratory of Microbiology I, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University
| | - Yuma Fukutomi
- Task Force for House Dust Mite Allergen Standardization of the Committee for Allergens and Immunotherapy of the Japanese Society of Allergology; Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital
| | - Akemi Saito
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital
| | - Hiroshi Yasueda
- Task Force for House Dust Mite Allergen Standardization of the Committee for Allergens and Immunotherapy of the Japanese Society of Allergology; Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital
| | - Keisuke Masuyama
- Task Force for House Dust Mite Allergen Standardization of the Committee for Allergens and Immunotherapy of the Japanese Society of Allergology; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi
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Oshikata C, Tsurikisawa N, Saito A, Yasueda H, Akiyama K. Occupational asthma from exposure to rye flour in a Japanese baker. Respirol Case Rep 2014; 2:102-4. [PMID: 25473582 PMCID: PMC4184739 DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Three years after beginning employment at a bakery, a 32-year-old Japanese man began experiencing acute asthma exacerbations after exposure to rye flour. Antigen-specific serum IgE antibodies were detected to the albumin and globulin, gliadin, prolamin, and glutenin protein fractions of rye flour purified from the crude antigen, but only to the albumin and globulin fraction of wheat flour. The histamine concentration producing one-half maximal effect was lower for all four rye flour fractions than for the wheat flour fractions. After inhalation of the albumin and globulin fraction of rye flour, forced expiratory volume in 1 sec decreased to 77.7% of that pre-provocation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of baker’s asthma due to rye flour in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiyako Oshikata
- Department of Allergy and Respirology, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Naomi Tsurikisawa
- Department of Allergy and Respirology, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Akemi Saito
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yasueda
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kazuo Akiyama
- Department of Allergy and Respirology, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital Sagamihara, Japan
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Tsurikisawa N, Saito A, Oshikata C, Nakazawa T, Yasueda H, Akiyama K. Encasing bedding in covers made of microfine fibers reduces exposure to house mite allergens and improves disease management in adult atopic asthmatics. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2013; 9:44. [PMID: 24499343 PMCID: PMC3829998 DOI: 10.1186/1710-1492-9-44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of avoidance of exposure to group 1 allergens of the Dermatophagoides group (Der p 1) have not yielded consistent improvements in adult asthma through avoidance. We explored whether the use of pillow and bed covers and allergen-avoidance counseling resulted in Der 1-level reduction, as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and thus improved asthma symptoms in adult patients. METHODS Twenty-five adult patients with moderate or severe atopic asthma were randomized into intervention and control groups. Intervention patients slept on pillows and mattresses or futons encased in microfine-fiber covers and were counseled in allergen avoidance through bedroom cleaning. Control patients received neither special covers nor counseling. In the period August to October in 2009 (pre-intervention) and 2010 (post-intervention), dust samples were collected in open Petri dishes placed in bedrooms for 2 weeks and by rapid lifting of dust from bedding and skin using adhesive tape on the morning of 1 day of Petri dish placement. We examined the associations between changes in Der 1 level (as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and clinical symptom score, minimum % peak expiratory flow, and fraction of exhaled nitric oxide. RESULTS Der 1 allergen levels on the mattress/futon covers and near the floor of the bedrooms of intervention patients, but not controls, were lower in 2010 than in 2009. From 2009 to 2010, asthma symptom scores decreased significantly, and minimum % peak expiratory flow increased significantly, in intervention patients. The fall in Der p 1 concentration was correlated with a reduction in the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide. CONCLUSIONS Minimization of Der 1 allergen exposure by encasing pillows and mattresses or futons and receiving counseling on avoiding exposure to indoor allergens improved asthma control in adult patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Tsurikisawa
- Department of Allergy and Respirology, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0392, Japan.
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12
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Oshikata C, Tsurikisawa N, Saito A, Watanabe M, Kamata Y, Tanaka M, Tsuburai T, Mitomi H, Takatori K, Yasueda H, Akiyama K. Fatal pneumonia caused by Penicillium digitatum: a case report. BMC Pulm Med 2013; 13:16. [PMID: 23522080 PMCID: PMC3614886 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2466-13-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Penicillium species are among the most common fungi present in the environment and are usually considered non-pathogenic to humans. However, in immunocompromised hosts they can be virulent pathogens and can cause death. Penicillium digitatum is a plant pathogen that commonly causes a postharvest fungal disease of citrus called green mould; it very rarely causes systemic mycosis in humans. Here, we report a case of fatal pneumonia due to P. digitatum infection, as confirmed by repeated examination of cultured sputum. Case presentation A cavity was found in the left upper lung on routine chest X-ray in a 78-year-old undernourished male who had been diagnosed at age 66 with bronchial asthma and pulmonary emphysema. No increased sputum production was present. The presence of antigen-specific precipitating antibodies to Aspergillus flavus and P. digitatum was confirmed in the patient’s serum and also later pleural fluid by using Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion testing with A. flavus and P. digitatum antigens. The patient was treated over a period of months with itraconazole, micafungin, voriconazole, amphotericin B, and antibacterials. However, the cavity enlarged, the pleural effusion increased, and the patient began producing purulent sputum. He died from progressive renal failure. From sputum culture only one fungus was isolated repeatedly on potato-dextrose agar in large quantities. This fungus was confirmed to be P. digitatum by molecular identification. Partial sequences of the beta-tubulin gene were determined by using the primers Bt2a and Bt2b for PCR amplification and sequencing and underwent a BLAST search at the National Centre for Biotechnology Information, these results confirmed that the isolated fungus was P. digitatum. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first report of pulmonary infection with P. digitatum. Our patient had pulmonary emphysema and was elderly, and undernourished. These factors might have facilitated the infection. In his case, antimycotics were ineffective in treating the lung involvement. Although human infection with P. digitatum is considered rare, it appears that this organism can be very virulent and resistant to antimycotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiyako Oshikata
- Clinical Research Centre for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara Hospital, 18-1 Sakuradai, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0392, Japan
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13
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Miyaji K, Yurimoto T, Saito A, Yasueda H, Takase Y, Shimakura H, Okamoto N, Kiuchi A, Saito S, Sakaguchi M. Analysis of conformational and sequential IgE epitopes on the major allergen Cry j 2 of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen in humans by using monoclonal antibodies for Cry j 2. J Clin Immunol 2013; 33:977-83. [PMID: 23504147 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-013-9880-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica; CJ) pollinosis is a type I allergy induced by CJ pollen, and Cry j 2 is one of the major allergens in this pollen. In a previous study, we analyzed IgE epitopes on Cry j 2 in humans by using synthetic peptides. The main purpose of this study was to identify B-cell epitopes on Cry j 2 in patients with CJ pollinosis by using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for Cry j 2. METHODS We used ELISA with mAbs for the epitope analysis. Sera samples were collected from 80 patients with CJ pollinosis, and allergenic epitopes for mAbs and human IgE were identified using ELISA with synthetic peptides. The importance of the epitopes for human IgE was analyzed using an inhibition ELISA. RESULTS Four independent epitopes (epitope #1, #2, #3, and #4) were identified on Cry j 2 with the use of mAbs. Epitope #3 and #4, corresponding to peptides No. 25 and No. 33, respectively, were newly determined as epitopes for mAbs and human IgE. Inhibition ELISA showed that not only epitope #2 (sequential) but epitope #1 (conformational) may play an important role in the CJ pollinosis. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed 4 epitopes, including two new ones, on Cry j 2. We also found that inhibition ELISA with appropriate mAbs could be a viable method of evaluating the importance of the conformational and sequential epitopes for human IgE. These results are beneficial for the development of safer and more efficient therapeutic strategies for treating CJ pollinosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Miyaji
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
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Saito A, Tsurikisawa N, Oshikata C, Nakazawa T, Yasueda H, Akiyama K. [Evaluation of Petri dish sampling for assessment of airborne dust mite allergen in Japan]. Arerugi 2012; 61:1657-1664. [PMID: 23328222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several allergen sampling methods are available for the assessment of personal or indirect exposure to indoor allergens. As an index of exposure to inhalant allergens, assays of the amount of airborne allergens directly reflect personal exposure. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the Petri dish sampling method of assessing the level of airborne Dermatophagoides dust mite group 1 (Der 1) allergens. METHODS We collected settling dust samples from one person's bedroom over a period of 2 years by using a Petri dish, adhesive tape, and a vacuumed reservoir. We also collected settling dust samples from the bedrooms of 42 asthma patients by using a Petri dish and adhesive tape. The amounts of Der 1 collected on the Petri dishes and adhesive tapes were measured by sensitive fluorometric ELISA. RESULTS Der 1 was detected in all samples by using a Petri dish. The mean coefficient of variation was approximately 15%. We found that Petri dishes set at lower sampling heights contained more Der 1 than those higher up. There were also seasonal changes in the amounts of Der 1 collected, with the highest amounts collected from summer to autumn, and the lowest amounts collected in winter. CONCLUSION The Petri dish sampling method for collecting settling Der 1 is very simple and can be used as an alternative to personal air sampling, especially in large-scale studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akemi Saito
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Sagamihara Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan
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15
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Shirai T, Yasueda H, Saito A, Taniguchi M, Akiyama K, Tsuchiya T, Suda T, Chida K. Effect of exposure and sensitization to indoor allergens on asthma control level. Allergol Int 2012; 61:51-6. [PMID: 21918365 DOI: 10.2332/allergolint.11-oa-0313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reducing risk factors, such as exposure to allergens, and stepwise pharmacotherapy to achieve and maintain control of asthma are the mainstay of asthma care. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of exposure and sensitization to indoor allergens, including house dust mites, cats, and dogs, on the asthma control level. METHODS Dust samples were collected from the mattresses of 101 adult asthma patient homes and the Dermatophagoides mite group 1 (Der 1), Fel d 1, and Can f 1 concentrations were measured using ELISA. Sensitization was determined by positive specific IgE antibodies. The Asthma Control Test (ACT), lowest peak expiratory flow (PEF) during 1 week expressed as a percentage of the highest PEF (Min%Max PEF), and spirometry were measured for the assessment of asthma control. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to assess the relationships. RESULTS Sixty-nine patients were exposed to high levels (>10μg/g dust for Der 1 and Can f 1 and >8μg/g dust for Fel d 1) of 1 or more allergens and 39 patients were sensitized to at least one allergen. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the FEV(1) (% of predicted value) was associated with low ACT scores (≤19) and that the number of highly exposed allergens and inhaled corticosteroid dose were associated with a low level of Min%Max PEF (<80%). CONCLUSIONS The level of exposure to multiple indoor allergens, but not sensitization, is associated with the asthma control level determined by PEF variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Shirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka General Hospital, Aoi, Shizuoka, Japan. tmjkshi@general−hosp.pref.shizuoka.jp
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16
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Fukutomi Y, Sjölander S, Nakazawa T, Borres MP, Ishii T, Nakayama S, Tanaka A, Taniguchi M, Saito A, Yasueda H, Nakamura H, Akiyama K. Clinical relevance of IgE to recombinant Gly m 4 in the diagnosis of adult soybean allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 129:860-863.e3. [PMID: 22285279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 12/30/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Fukutomi Y, Itagaki Y, Taniguchi M, Saito A, Yasueda H, Nakazawa T, Hasegawa M, Nakamura H, Akiyama K. Rhinoconjunctival sensitization to hydrolyzed wheat protein in facial soap and induce wheat-dependant exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Clin Transl Allergy 2011. [PMCID: PMC3354179 DOI: 10.1186/2045-7022-1-s1-p49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Fukutomi Y, Sjölander S, Borres M, Nakazawa T, Ishii T, Nakayama S, Tanaka A, Taniguchi M, Saito A, Yasueda H, Nakamura H, Akiyama K. Soybean allergy in a population with a low prevalence of betulacae pollen allergy and a high soybean consumption. Clin Transl Allergy 2011. [PMCID: PMC3354223 DOI: 10.1186/2045-7022-1-s1-p89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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19
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Fukutomi Y, Kawakami Y, Taniguchi M, Saito A, Fukuda A, Yasueda H, Nakazawa T, Hasegawa M, Nakamura H, Akiyama K. Allergenicity and cross-reactivity of booklice (Liposcelis bostrichophila): a common household insect pest in Japan. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2011; 157:339-48. [PMID: 22123223 DOI: 10.1159/000329853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Booklice (Liposcelis bostrichophila) are a common household insect pest distributed worldwide. Particularly in Japan, they infest 'tatami' mats and are the most frequently detected insect among all detectable insects, present at a frequency of about 90% in dust samples. Although it has been hypothesized that they are an important indoor allergen, studies on their allergenicity have been limited. METHODS To clarify the allergenicity of booklice and the cross-reactivity of this insect allergen with allergens of other insects, patients sensitized to booklice were identified from 185 Japanese adults with allergic asthma using skin tests and IgE-ELISA. IgE-inhibition analysis, immunoblotting and immunoblotting-inhibition analysis were performed using sera from these patients. Allergenic proteins contributing to specific sensitization to booklice were identified by two-dimensional electrophoresis and two-dimensional immunoblotting. RESULTS The booklouse-specific IgE antibody was detected in sera from 41 patients (22% of studied patients). IgE inhibition analysis revealed that IgE reactivity to the booklouse allergen in the sera from one third of booklouse-sensitized patients was not inhibited by preincubation with extracts from any other environmental insects in this study. Immunoblotting identified a 26-kD protein from booklouse extract as the allergenic protein contributing to specific sensitization to booklice. The amino acid sequence of peptide fragments of this protein showed no homology to those of previously described allergenic proteins, indicating that this protein is a new allergen. CONCLUSIONS Sensitization to booklice was relatively common and specific sensitization to this insect not related to insect panallergy was indicated in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Fukutomi
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Fujimura T, Yonekura S, Horiguchi S, Taniguchi Y, Saito A, Yasueda H, Inamine A, Nakayama T, Takemori T, Taniguchi M, Sakaguchi M, Okamoto Y. Increase of regulatory T cells and the ratio of specific IgE to total IgE are candidates for response monitoring or prognostic biomarkers in 2-year sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) for Japanese cedar pollinosis. Clin Immunol 2011; 139:65-74. [PMID: 21300571 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2010.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Revised: 12/29/2010] [Accepted: 12/31/2010] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to examine the therapeutic effects of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) and to identify potential biomarkers that would predict the therapeutic response in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The trial was carried out over two pollinosis seasons in 2007 and 2008. Carry-over therapeutic effects were analyzed in 2009. SLIT significantly ameliorated the symptoms of pollinosis during the 2008 and 2009 pollen seasons. Cry j 1-specific cytokine production in a subgroup of patients with mild disease in the SLIT group was significantly attenuated. The ratio of specific IgE to total IgE before treatment correlated with the symptom-medication score in the SLIT group in 2008. Patients with increased Cry j 1-iTreg in the SLIT group had significantly improved QOL and QOL-symptom scores. In summary, the specific IgE to total IgE ratio and upregulation of Cry j 1-iTreg are candidates for biomarker of the clinical response to SLIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Fujimura
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohara, Chiba, Japan
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Fukutomi Y, Taniguchi M, Nakayama S, Tanaka A, Saito A, Yasueda H, Nakazawa T, Hasegawa M, Nakamura H, Akiyama K. Sensitization to Profilin in Japanese Patients with Pollen-Food Allergy Syndrome: Its Source of Sensitization and Clinical Relevance. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.12.937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Okano M, Fujiwara T, Higaki T, Makihara S, Haruna T, Noda Y, Kanai K, Kariya S, Yasueda H, Nishizaki K. Characterization of pollen antigen–induced IL-31 production by PBMCs in patients with allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 127:277-9, 279.e1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Revised: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kaburaki Y, Fujimura T, Kurata K, Masuda K, Toda M, Yasueda H, Chida K, Kawarai S, Sakaguchi M. Induction of Th1 immune responses to Japanese cedar pollen allergen (Cry j 1) in mice immunized with Cry j 1 conjugated with CpG oligodeoxynucleotide. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2010; 34:157-61. [PMID: 20638725 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2010.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2010] [Accepted: 06/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We determined whether a major Japanese cedar pollen allergen (Cry j 1) conjugated with CpG oligodeoxynucleotide would enhance allergen-specific Th1 responses in mice. Cry j 1 conjugated with CpG (Cry j 1-CpG) induced IL-12 in the spleen cells of naïve mice. Cry j 1-CpG immunization of BALB/c mice suppressed anti-Cry j 1 IgE response and enhanced anti-Cry j 1 IgG(2a) to subsequent Cry j 1 and alum adjuvant injection. CD4(+)T cells isolated from the spleens in mice immunized with Cry j 1-CpG produced higher IFN-γ levels than did CD4(+)T cells obtained from mice as negative controls. Our results suggested that Cry j 1-CpG immunization can induce Cry j 1-specific Th1 immune responses, thereby inhibiting IgE response to the pollen allergen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kaburaki
- Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Fujimura T, Yonekura S, Taniguchi Y, Horiguchi S, Saito A, Yasueda H, Nakayama T, Takemori T, Taniguchi M, Sakaguchi M, Okamoto Y. The induced regulatory T cell level, defined as the proportion of IL-10(+)Foxp3(+) cells among CD25(+)CD4(+) leukocytes, is a potential therapeutic biomarker for sublingual immunotherapy: a preliminary report. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2010; 153:378-87. [PMID: 20559004 DOI: 10.1159/000316349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2009] [Accepted: 03/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollinosis is one of the most prevalent allergies in Japan. Recently, two reports described the positive effects of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) against Japanese cedar pollinosis. However, the therapeutic biomarkers for SLIT are still unclear. We performed this unblinded, nonrandomized, open-label study to identify therapeutic biomarkers for SLIT against Japanese cedar pollinosis. METHODS We performed an open-label study during one pollinosis season in 2007, enrolling 19 patients from in-house volunteers suffering from Japanese cedar pollinosis. Peripheral blood was obtained from all participants before SLIT treatment as well as before and after the pollen season. The plasma levels of an immunoglobulin specific to a major allergen (Cry j 1) were determined. We analyzed the induction of regulatory T cells (iTregs), namely IL-10(+)Foxp3(+) cells in CD25(+)CD4(+) leukocytes, by flow cytometry. The Th2-type responses were analyzed by cytokine production from peripheral blood mononuclear cells after stimulation with Cry j 1. Clinical symptoms were estimated using a quality of life questionnaire in the middle of the pollen season. RESULTS The difference in numbers of iTregs between the medium-only control cell culture and cells stimulat- ed with Cry j 1 was significantly decreased in the non-SLIT group but was unchanged in the SLIT group after the pollen season. The subgroup of the SLIT group with increased iTregs showed more attenuated Th2-type cytokine profiles, and symptom scores in the subgroup with increased iTregs were significantly lower than those in the subgroup with decreased iTregs. CONCLUSION The antigen-specific iTreg level is a potential therapeutic biomarker that correlates with clinical pollinosis symptoms and may be involved in the therapeutic mechanisms of SLIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Fujimura
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
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Kondoh M, Fukada K, Shimada T, Kitamura Y, Yasueda H, Enomoto T. [Highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the quantification of allergens from Dermatophagoides, DER p 1 and DER f 1]. Arerugi 2010; 59:109-116. [PMID: 20212352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM In order to specifically quantify the two major Dermatophagoides spp. allergens, Der p 1 and Der f 1, separately, we tried to establish a highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). METHODS Ninety-six-well ELISA plates were coated with mouse monoclonal antibodies specific against Der p 1 or Der f 1. Allergen samples were incubated in the wells for 2 hours at 37 degrees C. After washing with PBS-T, biotinylated rabbit anti-Der 1 polyclonal antibody was added to the wells. The allergens were detected using horse radish peroxidase-conjugated streptavidin, an enzyme substrate (TMB/H2O2) and a microplate reader. RESULTS The working range of both ELISA systems for Der p 1 and Der f 1 was 40-2500 pg/ml. The intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation for reproducibility were 0.99-4.38% and 0.68-3.02%, respectively, in Der p 1 ELISA and 1.54-3.65% and 0.39-4.77%, respectively, in Der f 1 ELISA. Moreover, these ELISA systems showed that there was no cross-reactivity between Der p 1 and Der f 1 allergens. CONCLUSION These ELISA systems may be useful for measuring less than 1 ng/ml of major mite allergens in house dust samples, various pharmaceutical studies such as evaluation of an allergen-inactivating agent, and standardizing recombinant/natural Dermatophagoides spp. allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Kondoh
- Central Research Laboratories, Nichinichi Pharmaceutical Corporation Ltd.
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Enomoto T, Morita H, Saito A, Yasueda H. [A case presenting anaphylaxis shock after intake of capsule packing cedar pollen]. Arerugi 2009; 58:39-44. [PMID: 19234383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2008] [Accepted: 11/07/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of Japanese cedar pollinosis is high to 26.5%, and it is properly remarked as "national disease" in Japan. General therapy strategies are composed of self-care by using mask or glasses to avoid antigen, and medical-care by using second-generation antihistamines or nasal corticosteroid spray. Meanwhile, there are other so-called self-medication patients who utilize health foods but do not consult to any physician. Papilla, commercial name of one kind of those health foods, is a capsular packed with cedar pollen. In February 2007, we experienced a 49-year-old female patient who presented anaphylaxis shock after intake of Papilla capsular. In this case, her special-IgE antibody and histamine release test were both positive to cedar pollen. Although Cry j 1, the major allergen in the Papilla capsular is a small amount, the cause of anaphylaxis can not be reasoned as anything except the pollen contents in this product. In conclusion, it is appropriate to consider it exercise induce anaphylaxis shock due to playing tennis after intake of the capsular.
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Suzuki M, Takahashi Y, Yasueda H, Saito A. [Measurement of airborne cladosporium spp antigens by aeroallergen immnoblotting and the seasonal fluctuation]. Arerugi 2008; 57:1175-1181. [PMID: 19052512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2008] [Accepted: 08/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airborne Cladosporium spp (Clad) antigens were measured by aeroallergen immnoblotting, and analyzed the seasonal fluctuation of the antigens. METHODS Airborne Clad antigens (Clad) were transferred onto nitrocellulose membrane and treated with anti-Clad rabbit antiserum, then alkaline phosphatase-conjugated rabbit IgG. Finally, the spots from Clad antigens were visualized with BCIP/NBT substrate. RESULTS Clear purple spots from Clad antigens were seen on the airborne samples. Two peaks of spring and autumn were observed on the study of daily examination of the spots. Many spots from Clad antigens were mainly observed from afternoon to midnight at daily basis. No correlation between the number of the spots and the four weather elements was seen. CONCLUSION Spots from airborne Clad antigens can be obtained easily by use of an immunochemical technique. The great numbers of spores were seen in spring and autumn out of one year and from afternoon to midnight out of one day.
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Kawase M, He F, Kubota A, Hiramatsu M, Saito H, Ishii T, Yasueda H, Akiyama K. Effect of fermented milk prepared with two probiotic strains on Japanese cedar pollinosis in a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical study. Int J Food Microbiol 2008; 128:429-34. [PMID: 18977549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2008] [Revised: 08/21/2008] [Accepted: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
There has been much interest in the potential of using probiotic bacteria for treating allergic diseases. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of Lactobacillus GG (LGG) and L. gasseri TMC0356 (TMC0356) in alleviating Japanese cedar pollinosis (JCP), a seasonal allergic rhinitis caused by Japanese cedar pollen. Fermented milk prepared with the tested bacteria or placebo yoghurt was administered to 40 subjects with a clinical history of JCP for 10 weeks. Subjective symptoms, self-care measures and blood samples were compared between the two groups. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from seven patients with JCP and in vitro cytokine production by the isolated PBMCs was analysed in the presence of heat-killed lactic acid bacteria. Consumption of the fermented milk significantly decreased the mean symptom score for nasal blockage after 9 weeks (P<0.05) and mean symptom-medication scores after 9 and 10 weeks when compared with the placebo group (P<0.01 and P<0.05 respectively). The tested strains of lactic acid bacteria affected cytokine production by isolated PBMCs in vitro in a strain-dependent manner. LGG significantly inhibited IL-4 and IL-5 production by PBMCs stimulated by both Cry j 1 and PHA. TMC0356 only suppressed IL-5 production stimulated by PHA. The fermented milk prepared with LGG and TMC0356 might be beneficial in JCP because of its effect on nasal blockage. The effects of LGG and TMC0356 might arise at least partly from their specific down-regulation of the human Th2 immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Kawase
- Technical Research Laboratory, Takanashi Milk Products Co., Ltd., Yokohama, Kanagawa 241-0023, Japan
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Yasueda H. [Immunobiology of dust mite allergens and allergic disease]. Arerugi 2008; 57:807-815. [PMID: 18688180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yasueda
- National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital.
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Takahashi Y, Takano K, Suzuki M, Nagai S, Yokosuka M, Takeshita T, Saito A, Yasueda H, Enomoto T. Two routes for pollen entering indoors: ventilation and clothes. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2008; 18:382-388. [PMID: 18973103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The route by which pollen enters dwellings has not been clarified. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the amount of pollen entering dwellings by ventilation and adhesion to textile products. METHODS The amount of pollen clinging to fabrics (clothes, laundry, and futon bedding) out of doors was measured by quantification of Japanese cedar pollen antigen Cry j 1. The effect of air ventilation on the amount of pollen indoors was also investigated using several neighboring unoccupied apartments with an identical layout while controlling the ventilation conditions. RESULTS The amount of pollen adhering to futons was especially high. More than half of the pollen on futons or laundry remained on the surface, even after being brushed off by hand or shaken off. Vacuuming laundry and futons after airing out would be an effective way to decrease the amount of indoor pollen. A large amount of pollen entered dwellings through air ducts when the windows were closed and the ventilation fans working. Since most pollen that entered by ventilation remained near the windows, cleaning carefully and frequently near windows could reduce the amount of pollen indoors. CONCLUSIONS To decrease the amount of pollen indoors, special attention must be paid to textile products and ventilation systems during the pollen season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Takahashi
- Fabric and Home Care Research Center, Household Products Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Wakayama, Japan.
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31
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Horiguchi S, Okamoto Y, Yonekura S, Okawa T, Yamamoto H, Kunii N, Sakurai D, Fujimura T, Nakazawa K, Yasueda H. A randomized controlled trial of sublingual immunotherapy for Japanese cedar pollinosis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2007; 146:76-84. [PMID: 18087165 DOI: 10.1159/000112506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2007] [Accepted: 09/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Japanese cedar pollen represents an important and unique allergen. Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) has been suggested to be a highly effective route of desensitization against a variety of allergens. However, little information is available about its use in cedar pollen allergy. METHODS A blinded randomized, placebo-controlled trial employing SLIT for cedar pollinosis was conducted over a period of 6 months. Sixty-seven subjects were enrolled and the symptom scores during the pollen season were evaluated by a symptom diary, measurement of cedar-specific IgE and IgG4, and determination of Cry j-specific Th2 clones before SLIT and before and after the pollen season. RESULTS No major adverse effects were observed in either group. The serum-specific IgG4 activity increased significantly after SLIT in the active group. The active group also exhibited significantly lower symptom scores compared to the placebo. The specific Th2 clone sizes were not significantly different between the groups before the pollen season. However, an increase in the clone size was observed after the pollen season in the placebo group, but not in the active group. CONCLUSION Use of SLIT for Japanese cedar pollinosis was found to be safe and associated with an increase in cedar-specific IgG4 levels. Such therapy inhibited the increase in Cry j-specific Th2 clone size induced by pollen exposure. Finally, use of SLIT resulted in significant improvement of the clinical symptoms of cedar pollinosis in this patient population. These observations suggest that SLIT may offer another safe approach to the management of cedar pollinosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigetoshi Horiguchi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Yasueda H. [Characterization of allergens and their clinical application]. Arerugi 2007; 56:1249-1253. [PMID: 17982285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yasueda
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Sagamihara National Hospital, Japan.
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Goto-Fukuda Y, Yasueda H, Saito A, Kondo T. [Investigation of the variation of Cry j 2 concentration in pollen among sugi (Cryptomeria japonica d. Don) trees using a newly established extraction method]. Arerugi 2007; 56:1262-1269. [PMID: 17982287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2006] [Accepted: 04/27/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selection of low-allergen trees is under consideration for the reduction of Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) pollinosis. The extraction method of Cry j 2 was established and then the variation of Cry j 2 concentrations in pollen among Sugi trees was investigated. METHODS The extraction efficiency of Cry j 2 was compared among buffers with different pH, ionic species and NaCl concentration. The Cry j 2 concentration in the pollen of 140 trees was measured using the most efficient buffer. RESULTS NaHCO3 (0.125 M) + 0.5 M NaCl buffer showed the highest Cry j 2 extraction efficiency. The mean and standard deviation of Cry j 2 concentration among 140 trees was 404 +/- 189 microg/g pollen, which was equivalent to that of Cry j 1 (435 +/- 169 microg). CONCLUSION We revealed that the variation of Cry j 2 concentrations was as large as that of Cry j 1 in the pollen among trees using the newly developed extraction method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Goto-Fukuda
- Hokkaido Regional Breeding Office, Forest Tree Breeding Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Japan.
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Fujimura T, Futamura N, Midoro-Horiuti T, Togawa A, Goldblum RM, Yasueda H, Saito A, Shinohara K, Masuda K, Kurata K, Sakaguchi M. Isolation and characterization of native Cry j 3 from Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen. Allergy 2007; 62:547-53. [PMID: 17441795 PMCID: PMC2587458 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01331.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollinosis is the most prevalent allergy in Japan. Recently, the Japanese cedar pollen allergen Cry j 3 was cloned as a homologue of Jun a 3, which is a major allergen from mountain cedar (Juniperus ashei) pollen. However, native Cry j 3 has not been isolated and there are no reports on its allergenic activity. The aims of this study were to isolate native Cry j 3 and assess its immunoglobulin E (IgE)-binding capacity in patients with Japanese cedar pollinosis. METHODS Native Cry j 3 was purified from Japanese cedar pollen by multidimensional chromatography. We assessed the IgE-binding capacity using sera from patients allergic to Japanese cedar pollen by immunoblot analysis and ELISA. Moreover, we assayed the capacity of Cry j 3 to induce histamine release from the patients' leukocytes. We cloned cDNA corresponding to purified Cry j 3 from a cDNA library of Japanese cedar pollen. RESULTS We isolated native Cry j 3 as a 27-kDa protein. The IgE-binding frequency of Cry j 3 from the sera of patients allergic to Japanese cedar pollen was estimated as 27% (27/100) by ELISA. Cry j 3 induced the release of histamine from leukocytes. We cloned the cDNA and named it Cry j 3.8. Cry j 3.8 cDNA encoded 225 amino acids and had significant homology with thaumatin-like proteins. CONCLUSIONS Cry j 3 is a causative allergen in Japanese cedar pollinosis and may play crucial roles in the cross-reactivity with oral allergy syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fujimura
- Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Nishioka K, Saito A, Akiyama K, Yasueda H. Effect of home environment control on children with atopic or non-atopic asthma. Allergol Int 2006; 55:141-8. [PMID: 17075250 DOI: 10.2332/allergolint.55.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2005] [Accepted: 10/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although allergen avoidance is known to be important for treating atopic diseases, there is a very limited amount of time for clinical education of patients on this topic. METHODS We compared the effect of the thorough home visit counseling (>60 minutes per visit) for avoiding house dust mites (HDMs) with that of regular guidance in our clinics (10 minutes per patient). We enrolled 36 children with asthma (7 years of age or younger; mean, 3.8) in this study under an informed consent. After enrolling the 24 patients for the home visit, 12 families were enrolled as controls for the regular clinical guidance. Between June 1995 and June 1996, we visited the homes of 24 children with asthma enrolled in this study every month and performed a thorough HDM-avoidance counseling of more than 60 minutes (home visit counsel) at each visit. We compared the effects of this counseling with those of the regular clinical guidance given (10 minutes per patient) to the remaining 12 children with asthma. We also evaluated the effect of home visit counseling on children of two subgroups, i.e., an atopic (with positive IgE antibody against HDM) and a non-atopic (without detectable IgE antibodies against 8 common allergens) subgroup. RESULTS Home visit counseling markedly reduced the frequencies of asthma attacks (p < 0.000001), the required theophylline dosages (p < 0.0005), and the levels of HDM allergens (p < 0.0005) in the atopic subgroups, whereas the effect of regular counseling on these 3 items was relatively less (p < 0.05 or not significant). Surprisingly, home visit counseling also markedly reduced the asthma attacks (p < 0.00001) and theophylline dosages (p < 0.00001) of children with non-atopic asthma. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that thorough allergen avoidance counseling is effective for children with non-atopic asthma as well as atopic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Nishioka
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Abstract
A 50-year-old man with chronic otitis media was admitted to our hospital for investigation of lung cancer. He had received repeated instillations of fibrin sealant (Bolheal) in myringoplasty 7 times over 12 months. During the lower lobectomy, soon after fibrin sealant was applied to seal bronchopleural fistulas, systolic blood pressure decreased to 60 mmHg. Treatment with epinephrine and dopamine was required until his condition improved 2 days later. The specific IgE antibody was detected for the solution for fibrinogen and factor XIII containing bovine aprotinin. Cross-reactivity between purified aprotinin and the solution was noted by competitive ELISA inhibition tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Shirai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fujinomiya City General Hospital
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Takai T, Kato T, Ota M, Yasueda H, Kuhara T, Okumura K, Ogawa H. Recombinant Der p 1 and Der f 1 with in vitro enzymatic activity to cleave human CD23, CD25 and alpha1-antitrypsin, and in vivo IgE-eliciting activity in mice. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2005; 137:194-200. [PMID: 15947475 DOI: 10.1159/000086331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2004] [Accepted: 03/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The major house dust mite group 1 allergens Der p 1 and Der f 1 are the most potent indoor allergens. Der p 1 cleaves human cell surface molecules, the low-affinity IgE receptor (CD23/FcepsilonRII), the alpha-subunit of the IL-2 receptor (CD25), and a protease inhibitor alpha1-antitrypsin, and in vitro and in vivo studies suggested the importance of its proteolytic activity in the pathogenesis of allergy. Recently, we established an efficient system to prepare correctly folded active recombinant Der p 1 and Der f 1 (Der p 1-N52Q and Der f 1-N53Q) with similar molecular sizes, secondary structures and allergenicities as their natural types. To evaluate whether Der p 1-N52Q and Der f 1-N53Q are suitable for use in future in vitro and in vivo studies as alternatives to the natural types, we investigate their proteolytic activity to cleave the human proteins and IgE-eliciting activity in mice. METHODS Proteolytic activities of Der p 1-N52Q and Der f 1-N53Q against a short peptide substrate, a collagen substrate Azocoll, human CD23 and CD25 expressed on the cells and human alpha1-antitrypsin were analyzed by kinetic assays for proteolysis of the fluorogenic or colorimetric substrates, flow cytometry and sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, respectively. Mice were intraperitoneally immunized with Der p 1-N52Q and Der f 1-N53Q adsorbed on Alum, and the serum IgE levels were measured by sandwich ELISA. RESULTS Der p 1-N52Q and Der f 1-N53Q showed proteolytic specificities against the short peptide substrate, Azocoll, human cell surface CD23 and CD25 and human alpha1-antitrypsin, and elicited significant serum IgE levels in immunized mice. CONCLUSION The recombinant forms, Der p 1-N52Q and Der f 1-N53Q, will be useful tools as alternatives to the natural Der p 1 and Der f 1 for various in vitro and in vivo analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiro Takai
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Hongo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Takai T, Kato T, Yasueda H, Okumura K, Ogawa H. Analysis of the structure and allergenicity of recombinant pro- and mature Der p 1 and Der f 1: major conformational IgE epitopes blocked by prodomains. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005; 115:555-63. [PMID: 15753904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2004.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The major house dust mite group 1 allergens Der p 1 and Der f 1, which belong to the papain-like cysteine protease family, are the most potent of indoor allergens. However, little information is available on the location of IgE epitopes. OBJECTIVE We investigated the allergenicities of recombinant proforms and mature forms of Der p 1 and Der f 1 to compare them with natural Der p 1 and Der f 1 and to obtain information on the conformational IgE-binding epitopes. METHODS Secreted pro-Der p 1 and pro-Der f 1 and their mutants without hyperglycosylation expressed in yeast were converted to mature forms. We purified the proforms and mature forms and analyzed their apparent molecular sizes and secondary structures by means of gel-filtration and circular dichroism analysis and their allergenicities by means of assays for IgE binding, IgE-binding inhibition, and basophil histamine release. The tertiary structure of pro-Der f 1 was predicted by molecular modeling. RESULTS The recombinant mature forms exhibited similar molecular sizes, secondary structures, and allergenicities as their natural types. On the other hand, their proforms exhibited different secondary structures and less allergenicities than the mature forms in all sera and volunteers tested. Molecular modeling revealed that the prosegment is anchored at the prosegment-binding loop and the substrate-binding cleft on the surface of the mature portion. CONCLUSIONS Our studies indicate that the prodomains of Der p 1 and Der f 1 reduce allergenicity and that the major conformational IgE epitopes commonly found in a broad population of patients exist within the 2 regions blocked by the prosegments. Recombinant Der p 1 and Der f 1 and the findings in the present study will be the basis for allergen standardization and the design of safer and more effective allergen vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiro Takai
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Takai T, Kato T, Sakata Y, Yasueda H, Izuhara K, Okumura K, Ogawa H. Recombinant Der p 1 and Der f 1 exhibit cysteine protease activity but no serine protease activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 328:944-52. [PMID: 15707969 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although mite major group 1 allergens, Der p 1 and Der f 1, were first isolated as cysteine proteases, some studies reported that natural Der p 1 exhibits mixed cysteine and serine protease activity. Clarifying whether the serine protease activity originates from Der p 1 or is due to contamination is important for distinguishing between the pathogenic proteolytic activities of group 1 allergens and mite-derived serine proteases. Recombinant mite group 1 allergens would be useful tool for addressing this issue, because they are completely free from contamination by mite serine proteases. Recombinant Der p 1 and Der f 1, and highly purified natural forms exhibited only cysteine protease activity. However, commercially available natural forms exhibited both activities, but the two activities were eluted into different fractions in size-exclusion column chromatography. The substrate specificity associated with the serine protease activity was similar to that of Der f 3. These results indicate that the serine protease activity does not originate from group 1 allergens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiro Takai
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
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Takai T, Takaoka M, Yasueda H, Okumura K, Ogawa H. Dilution method to refold bacterially expressed recombinant Der f 2 and Der p 2 to exhibit the secondary structure and histamine-releasing activity of natural allergens. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2005; 137:1-8. [PMID: 15785076 DOI: 10.1159/000084607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2004] [Accepted: 01/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structurally refolded recombinant forms of major house dust mite group 2 allergens, Der f 2 and Der p 2, expressed in Escherichia coli, were prepared by solubilizing the insoluble products with urea and subsequently dialyzing against buffer. In this study, we determined conditions for refolding the urea-denatured recombinant Der f 2 and Der p 2 by one-step dilution as an alternative to dialysis, which requires several steps of handling and much time and cost. METHODS The insoluble bacterial product containing recombinant Der f 2 was solubilized with a buffer containing 8 M urea, and the solution was diluted to various urea concentrations. The refolding efficiency in each dilution was estimated from the height of the peak corresponding to the folded recombinant Der f 2 and that containing the aggregated form on anion exchange chromatography. The structure and allergenicity of the purified recombinant Der f 2 and Der p 2 refolded using the dilution method were analyzed based on circular dichroism and a basophil histamine-releasing assay, respectively. RESULTS Although the refolding efficiency decreased as the urea concentration in the dilution increased, experimental conditions whereby the protein and urea concentrations in the dilution were less than 0.5 mg/ml and 0.8 M, respectively, achieved maximum refolding efficiency. The recombinant allergens prepared by the dilution method exhibited the secondary structure and histamine-releasing activity of natural allergens purified from mite culture. CONCLUSIONS The dilution method established in this study is more convenient in terms of handling, time, and cost than the dialysis method and will be useful for large-scale production and for the preparation of numbers of mutants to analyze IgE epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiro Takai
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Hongo, Tokyo Japan.
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Yasueda H. [Quantitative analysis of environmental allergens and its significance]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 93:2130-6. [PMID: 15552913 DOI: 10.2169/naika.93.2130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Miyazawa H, Sakaguchi M, Yasueda H, Saito S, Tanaka K, Nagata K, Inouye S. Non-IgE,-IgG4 Antibody to Japanese Cedar Pollen Allergens:Comparison of Its Prevalence and Titers between Pollinosis Patients and Non-Patients. Allergol Int 2005. [DOI: 10.2332/allergolint.54.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Oishi T, Morisawa Y, Yasueda H, Akiyama K, Wakiguchi H. [Mother and two siblings with cockroach asthma]. Arerugi 2004; 53:1163-7. [PMID: 15719654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
We report 2 siblings, an 11 year-old girl and a 10 year-old boy, with cockroach asthma who developed the symptoms in May and October, 1999, respectively. Both children were considered as psychogenic asthma because of poor familial environment and late onset. Their mother also had asthmatic attacks since September, 2001. It became clear in the detailed clinical history that their rooms had not been cleaned up at all for a long period, and a lot of cockroaches had lived in the house. A significantly high titer of cockroach specific IgE-antibody (CAP-RAST) was detected in all three patients, and cockroach was considered as the main allergen of asthma in these patients. Although many cases with cockroach allergy including asthma have been reported in United States, it has not been recognized well in Japan yet. We would like to emphasize that cockroach should be kept in one' s mind as an important allergen of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Oishi
- Department of Pediatrics, Ooida Hospital.
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Masuda K, Sakaguchi M, Saito S, Yasueda H, Iwabuchi S, Tsukui T, Hayashi N, Nakao Y, Kurata K, Maeda S, Ohno K, Tsujimoto H. Identification of peptides containing T-cell epitopes of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen allergen (Cry j 1) in dogs. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2004; 102:45-52. [PMID: 15451614 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2004.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2003] [Revised: 04/27/2004] [Accepted: 06/08/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica, CJ) pollen has been known to cause atopic dermatitis in dogs in Japan. However, since the mechanism of the CJ antigen recognition is not well understood in dogs, it is difficult to develop effective immunotherapy for atopic dermatitis caused by sensitization to CJ pollen. In order to aim at development of a peptide immunotherapy, we tried to identify T-cell epitopes of a major allergen of CJ pollen, Cry j 1, in dogs sensitive to CJ pollen allergen. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from 22 dogs experimentally sensitized to CJ pollen allergen and 5 atopic dogs sensitive to CJ pollen allergen were used for mapping of T-cell epitopes of Cry j 1 using 35 kinds of synthesized overlapping peptides of Cry j 1. Reactive peptides were identified based on the results of blastogenic responses of PBMCs against the peptides when the stimulation indices were beyond 2.0. Three reactive peptides were identical in a relatively high population of experimental dogs, which were Nos. 8 (p71-90) (41%), 10 (p91-110) (50%), and 11 (p101-120) (41%). It was considered that these synthesized peptides should contain T-cell epitopes of Cry j 1 in the dogs. However, there were no reactive peptides identical among the five atopic dogs spontaneously sensitive to CJ pollen. The population of dogs experimentally sensitized to CJ pollen antigen will be used in order to investigate effects of a peptide immunotherapy using the reactive peptides. The results in atopic dogs sensitive to CJ pollen antigen will also provide useful information on necessity to develop a tailor-made immunotherapy using reactive peptides in each dog.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Masuda
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyou-ku, 113-8657, Japan
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Shimada T, Cheng L, Yamasaki A, Ide M, Motonaga C, Yasueda H, Enomoto K, Enomoto T, Shirakawa T. Effects of lysed Enterococcus faecalis FK-23 on allergen-induced serum antibody responses and active cutaneous anaphylaxis in mice. Clin Exp Allergy 2004; 34:1784-8. [PMID: 15544605 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.02092.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous studies have presented evidence that lysed Enterococcus faecalis FK-23 (LFK), a lysozyme and heat-treated probiotic product, can inhibit allergen-induced local accumulation of eosinophils in mice. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this experimental study was to evaluate the influence of orally administrated LFK on the host immune responses. METHODS BALB/c mice were sensitized subcutaneously, and challenged intraperitoneally by cedar pollen allergen. Blood and spleen samples were collected after oral administration of LFK 60 mg/day for 21 days. The serum levels of total and allergen-specific IgE and IgG2a antibodies and the production of IL-4, IL-5 and IFN-gamma generated by allergen-stimulated cultured splenocytes were determined. Additionally, the effect of LFK on active cutaneous anaphylaxis (ACA) induced by ovalbumin (OVA) challenge in mice was measured after 28 days LFK treatment. RESULTS No significant differences in serum immunoglobulin levels, as well as in cytokine production of splenocytes were observed between LFK-treated and control mice (P>0.05). There was, however, an increasing tendency of allergen-specific IgG2a level in mice after LFK treatment for 21 days compared with controls (P=0.060). Furthermore, the serum ratio of specific IgE to IgG2a was found to be significantly decreased in the LFK group (P=0.005). In addition, a significant inhibition of OVA-induced ACA reaction was observed in mice that had been fed for 28 days with LFK compared with control mice (P=0.008). CONCLUSION These results suggest that LFK shows an anti-inflammatory effect, which may be part of the mechanism for protection against IgE-mediated allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Shimada
- Central Research Laboratories, Nichinichi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Mie, Japan.
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Goto Y, Kondo T, Ide T, Yasueda H, Kuramoto N, Yamamoto K. Cry j 1 isoforms derived from Cryptomeria japonica trees have different binding properties to monoclonal antibodies. Clin Exp Allergy 2004; 34:1754-61. [PMID: 15544601 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.02108.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We identified five Cryptomeria japonica trees producing Cry j 1 isoforms that cannot be detected in a sandwich ELISA using two monoclonal antibodies, J1B01 and J1B07, suggesting that the binding affinity of these isoforms for both monoclonal antibodies is low. OBJECTIVES The binding properties of the Cry j 1 isoforms produced by five trees to J1B07 and J1B01 were examined. The complementary DNA (cDNA) sequences of the Cry j 1 isoforms were also determined. METHODS To clarify the binding properties of these Cry j 1 isoforms to J1B01 and J1B07, Cry j 1 was quantified in pollen samples collected from each of the five trees, by sandwich ELISAs using polyclonal antibodies and either J1B01 or J1B07. The cDNA sequences of isoforms with different binding properties were determined. To test the assumption that amino acid substitutions affect the binding affinities of Cry j 1 isoforms for monoclonal antibodies, cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPS) markers representing the putative polymorphisms were used to analyse additional trees. RESULTS Four of the five trees produced Cry j 1 isoforms with extremely low binding affinity for J1B07, whereas the other tree produced two different isoforms with low binding affinity for either J1B01 or J1B07. Cry j 1-encoding cDNA sequences for one of the four trees and for the exceptional fifth tree indicate that amino acid substitutions at positions 55 and 352 in mature Cry j 1 affect its binding to J1B01 and J1B07, respectively. This was supported by the results of CAPS analysis. CONCLUSION The existence of Cry j 1 isoforms with low binding affinity for either J1B01 or J1B07 was established. Furthermore, a single amino acid substitution is involved in this difference in binding affinity for each monoclonal antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Goto
- Forest Tree Breeding Center, Taga, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Takeno M, Yoshikawa H, Kurokawa M, Takeba Y, Kashiwakura JI, Sakaguchi M, Yasueda H, Suzuki N. Th1-dominant shift of T cell cytokine production, and subsequent reduction of serum immunoglobulin E response by administration in vivo of plasmid expressing Txk/Rlk, a member of Tec family tyrosine kinases, in a mouse model. Clin Exp Allergy 2004; 34:965-70. [PMID: 15196287 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.01981.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Th1 and Th2 cells, resulting from antigenic stimulation in the presence of IL-12 and IL-4, respectively, are implicated in the pathology of various diseases including allergic and autoimmune diseases. Txk/Rlk is a member of Tec family tyrosine kinases. We reported that Txk acts as a Th1-specific transcription factor in the T lymphocytes. OBJECTIVE In this study we have asked whether administration of txk expression plasmid brings about a Th1/Th2 shift in vivo of the mice, and subsequent reduction of circulating IgE. METHODS Mice were administered a txk expression plasmid with hemagglutinating virus of Japan (HVJ) envelope vector. Txk expressions in spleen cells were assessed by immunoblotting and immunocytochemical staining. Cytokine productions by the spleen cells and serum Ig concentrations were studied by ELISA. RESULTS Administration of a txk expression plasmid with HVJ vector induced expression of Txk in the spleen cells. The spleen cells showed enhanced Th1-specific cytokine production; spleen cells from the txk administered mice produced more IFN-gamma as compared with those from control plasmid-administered mice in an antigen-specific manner. IL-2 and IL-4 secretions of the spleen cells were comparable between the two mouse groups. Txk administration did not reduce serum IgG concentration. It markedly reduced total IgE level and an IgG1/IgG2a ratio, reflection of Th1/Th2 balance, in sera. Furthermore, txk administration reduced ovalbumin (OVA)-specific IgE levels in sera of the OVA sensitized mice. CONCLUSION Thus, Txk enhances IFN-gamma secretion and thus modulates Th1/Th2 cytokine balance, leading to reduction of serum IgE.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Takeno
- Department of Immunology, St Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
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Goto Y, Kondo T, Hayashi E, Kuramoto N, Takahashi M, Yasueda H. Influences of genetic and environmental factors on the concentration of the allergen Cry j 1 in sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen. Tree Physiol 2004; 24:409-14. [PMID: 14757580 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/24.4.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Pollen from sugi (Japanese cedar, Cryptomeria japonica D. Don), a forest tree species that is widely grown in Japan, causes serious allergic disease. The major allergens from sugi pollen, Cry j 1 and Cry j 2, have been isolated and characterized. It has been reported that Cry j 1 concentration in pollen varies considerably among trees. If Cry j 1 concentration is genetically controlled, the planting of trees with low Cry j 1 concentrations would reduce pollinosis. We investigated genetic and environmental effects on Cry j 1 concentration in eight clones growing at four sites. Concentrations of Cry j 1 in pollen were measured with a monoclonal antibody-based Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The Cry j 1 concentrations differed significantly among clones and sites, but the site x clone interaction was not significant, suggesting that the Cry j 1 concentration is controlled primarily by genetic factors. We examined correlations between Cry j 1 concentration and temperature and precipitation from July through February. Temperature was not significantly related to Cry j 1 concentration, whereas cumulative precipitation during the 8 months and mean daily precipitation in September showed significant negative correlations with Cry j 1 concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Goto
- Forest Tree Breeding Center, 3809-1 Ishi, Juo, Taga, Ibaraki, 319-1301, Japan.
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Yasueda H, Takeuchi Y. [Molecular cloning of fungal allergens and clinical applications of recombinant allergens in fungal allergy]. Nihon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi 2004; 45:71-6. [PMID: 15118662 DOI: 10.3314/jjmm.45.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
A large number of fungi are associated with allergic disorders. There are many problems in using non-standardized fungal extracts for diagnosis of fungal allergy. These problems can be solved by using genetically engineered recombinant allergens. At present, more than 70 fungal allergens have been cloned and sequenced, and the recombinant forms of several of these are commercially available. Measurement of IgE antibodies to these commercially available recombinant allergens could provide the tools useful for characterizing the differential sensitization pattern in relation to a particular disease and the allergenic cross-reactivity among fungi. Only a limited number of recombinant allergens are available at present, thus further studies on the molecular biology of fungal allergens are needed so that more recombinant allergens can be used in the clinical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yasueda
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Sagamihara Hospital, 18-1 Sakuradai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 228-8522, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The level of the Dermatophagoides mite group 1 (Der 1) allergens in reservoir dust has been used as an index of exposure in most studies. However, the mite allergen level in reservoir dust cannot directly reflect the personal exposure level. OBJECTIVE We sought to develop a new method for quantifying the Der 1 allergens on bedding and human skin surfaces as an index of exposure to mite allergens. METHODS Samples were obtained with a small adhesive tape from the forearm skin of 30 healthy volunteers and from their regularly used mattresses. The level of Der 1 allergens collected onto the adhesive tape was measured by a newly developed sensitive fluorometric ELISA for Der p 1 and Der f 1. RESULTS The Der 1 allergens could be detected in all the samples from bedding surfaces and in 28 of the 30 samples from skin surfaces. The Der 1 levels by adhesive tape sampling from the mattresses correlated with those by reservoir dust sampling. The sampling of the skin and bedding surface with adhesive tape correlated, but skin sampling did not correlate with reservoir sampling. CONCLUSION The Der 1 allergens on bedding surfaces and on human skin surfaces could be quantified with a very simple sampling technique. The system developed in this study will provide a new tool for the assessment of mite allergen exposure in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yasueda
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Sagamihara Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan.
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