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Kim JY, Lee S, Kim G, Shin HJ, Lee EJ, Lee CS, Yoon S, Lee E, Lim A, Kim SH. Ameliorating effect of 2'-Fucosyllactose and 6'-Sialyllactose on lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal inflammation. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)00568-X. [PMID: 38490539 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2024-24325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) affect gut microbiota during neonatal development, particularly with respect to the immune system. Bovine milk-based infant formulas have low oligosaccharide contents. Thus, efforts to fortify infant formulas with HMO are being undertaken. Two major HMO, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) and 6'-sialyllactose (6'-SL), exert anti-inflammatory effects; however, the associations between anti-inflammatory effects induced by 2'-FL and 6'-SL co-treatment and gut microbiota composition and metabolite modulation remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the effects of a mixture of these HMO. To determine the optimal HMO ratio for anti-inflammatory effects and elucidate its mode of action, LPS-induced inflammatory HT-29 epithelial cells and intestinal inflamed suckling mice were treated with various mixtures of 2'-FL and 6'-SL. 2'-FL:6'-SL ratio of 5:1 was identified as the most effective pre-treatment HMO mixture in vitro; thus, this ratio was selected and used for low, middle, and high-dose treatments for subsequent in vivo studies. In vivo, high-dose HMO treatment restored LPS-induced inflammation symptoms, such as body weight loss, colon length reduction, histological structural damage, and intestinal gene expression related to inflammatory responses. High-dose HMO was the only treatment that modulated the major phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes and the genera Ihubacter, Mageeibacillus, and Saccharofermentans. These changes in microbial composition were correlated with intestinal inflammation-related gene expression and short-chain fatty acid production. To our knowledge, our study is the first to report the effects of Ihubacter, Mageeibacillus, and Saccharofermentans on short chain fatty acid levels, which can subsequently affect inflammatory cytokine and tight junction protein levels. Conclusively, the HMO mixture exerted anti-inflammatory effects through changes in microbiota and metabolite production. These findings suggested that supplementation of infant formula with HMO may benefit formula-fed infants by forming unique microbiota contributing to neonatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-Y Kim
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - S Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - G Kim
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Shin
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - E J Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - C S Lee
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - S Yoon
- Lotte R&D Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E Lee
- Lotte R&D Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A Lim
- Lotte R&D Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Kim
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Kim JY, Hyun DY, Nam D, Shin HJ, Jung J, Cho SY, Jung K, Hwang D, Lee SW, Kim JY. Proteogenomic Analysis of Human Uterine Cervical Cancer (UCC) Reveals Treatment-Resistant Subtypes of UCC. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S22. [PMID: 37784455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Locally advanced uterine cervical cancer (UCC) is treated by radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy, but heterogenous treatment responses are frequently observed. To better optimize therapeutic options based on molecular signatures, we performed proteogenomic analysis of UCC. MATERIALS/METHODS UCC tissue and blood samples were collected from patients who underwent primary radiotherapy ± chemotherapy at the National Cancer Center (NCC) in Korea from July 2004 to March 2020. Most samples were obtained via biopsy. Genomic DNA for WES was isolated from frozen biopsy tumor tissues and peripheral blood buffy-coat of patients. Both global proteome and phosphoproteome were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Whole exome sequencing, RNA sequencing, global proteomics and phosphoproteomics were performed using 253, 337, and 147 cervical cancer samples, respectively. Patient-derived xenograft were established using intratongue implantation using 2 primary cell lines from sub3 and sub5, and flow cytometric analysis was performed. RESULTS Fourteen significantly mutated genes (SMG) were found in our study cohort which include 5 newly identified SMGs. Mutation-phosphorylation analysis revealed association with apoptosis and actin cytoskeleton pathway. Proteogenomic analysis defined 6 molecular subtypes of UCC. Of those, 3 subtypes (i.e., Sub3, Sub5 and Sub6) were associated with treatment-resistant phenotypes. The cell-type deconvolution analysis suggested activated stroma with activation of cancer-associated fibroblast in Sub 3, while Sub5 showed low levels of activated stroma and high levels of myeloid immune cells. FACS analysis of UCC mouse models established from these 2 radio-resistant primary cell lines showed high component of PDGFRA+CAF infiltration in Sub 3, and high level of PVR+CD45+ immune cells mainly composed of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC) in Sub5. For Sub6, genes and/or protein signatures represented mucin-related processes (e.g., mucin glycosylation/sugar metabolism), which are linked to metastasis-associated Tn antigen production. CONCLUSION The proteogenomic analysis thus suggests potential targets for radiotherapy-resistant subtypes of UCC; secretory factors from activated stroma and cancer-associated fibroblast (Sub3); RHOA signaling, PVR, and PMN-MDSCs (Sub5), and keratin/chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan and Tn antigen production (Sub6). Our study shows the importance of proteogenomic analysis in unveiling the subtype specific molecular pathways of UCC that are beyond reach by genomic data alone. The validity of our molecular pathway and cellular signatures linking these pathways should be further validated through detailed functional experiments and in larger UCC cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Kim
- National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - D Y Hyun
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - D Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - H J Shin
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Korea, Goyang, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - S Y Cho
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Korea, Goyang-si, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - K Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - D Hwang
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - S W Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Korea, Goyang-si, Korea, Republic of (South) Korea
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Shin HJ, Son NH, Hwang SH, Song K. Reliability of synthetic diffusion-weighted imaging with a high b-value for paediatric abdominal MRI. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:616-621. [PMID: 37149417 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the reliability of synthetic diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) using a high b-value in comparison to conventional DWI for paediatric abdominal MRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Paediatric patients (<19 years old) who underwent liver or pancreatobiliary MRI with DWI using 10 b-values (b = 0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1,500 s/mm2) from March to October 2021 were included in this retrospective study. Using the software, synthetic DWI using b = 1,500 s/mm2 was generated automatically by selecting the b-value required as output. Conventional and synthetic DWI values for b = 1,500 s/mm2 were measured at the liver, spleen, paraspinal muscle, and mass lesions, if present, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were calculated using the mono-exponential model. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to assess the reliability of conventional and synthetic DWI and ADC values with b = 1,500 s/mm2. RESULTS Thirty paediatric patients (M:F = 22:8, mean 10.8 ± 3.1 years old) were included and four had tumours on abdominal MRI. ICC values were 0.906-0.995 between conventional and synthetic DWI and ADC with b = 1,500 s/mm2 in the liver, spleen and muscle. For mass lesions, ICC values were 0.997-0.999 for both synthetic DWI and ADC images. CONCLUSIONS Synthetic DWI and ADC values obtained using a high b-value showed excellent agreement with conventional DWI for the liver, spleen, muscle, and mass in paediatric MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Shin
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science and Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 363, Dongbaekjukjeon-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16995, Republic of Korea.
| | - N-H Son
- Department of Statistics, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science and Center for Clinical Imaging Data Science, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 363, Dongbaekjukjeon-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16995, Republic of Korea
| | - K Song
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 363, Dongbaekjukjeon-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16995, Republic of Korea
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Woodward SH, Jamison AL, Souter T, Shin HJ, Loew DE, Armontrout JA. 1068 Using Sleep to Avoid Inpatient PTSD Treatment. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
During inpatient psychiatric treatment, mattress actigraphy can be used to track nightly sleep in a zero-burden fashion to examine its relationships with other markers of treatment progress. We report here on associations between actigraphic sleep parameters and treatment markers in combat veteran engaged in inpatient treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder. We focus first on sleep scheduling, the best-validated outcome available from actigraphic data.
Methods
140 combat veteran inpatients provided between 5 and 164 nights of mattress actigraphy over the course of their inpatient psychiatric hospitalizations. The sample was characterized by multiple traumas and a high prevalence of comorbid mood and substance use disorders. Approximately one-half of the sample had undergone objective screening for OSA and for this subsample AHI < 20 was used as an inclusion criterion. Unscreened participants were required to have a BMI < 35. Inclusion also required mean actigraphic SE > 60%. The PTSD Checklist and Combat Exposure Scale were obtained at admission, from which a trauma load index was created by adding z-scores obtained from standardizing these scales.
Results
In a multiple regression analysis, after accounting for secular change in LOS, higher trauma loads (p < 0.001) and earlier bed times (p = 0.001) were both significantly associated with shorter lengths of stay (LOS; F(3,137) = 10.4, p < 0.001; adj. R-squared = 0.17). Trauma load and bed time did not interact (p = 0.7).
Conclusion
Avoidance is a criterial symptom of PTSD. Early bed times and early exits from treatment may both reflect the impact of syndromal avoidance on treatment, limiting its dosage and benefit. If so, prescribing later bed times may have utility in inpatient treatment programming.
Support
Award W81XWH-15-2-0005 from the Department of Defense, Military Operational Medicine Research Program and the Department of Veterans Affairs. This material is the result of work supported with resources and the use of facilities at the Palo Alto VA Medical Center.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - T Souter
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA
| | - H J Shin
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA
| | - D E Loew
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA
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Shin HJ, Yoo H, Lee JH, Lee SR, Jeong K, Moon HS. 1542 Robotic Single Port Laparoscopy Using the Da Vinci Sp® Surgical System For Benign Gynecologic Disease; Preliminary Report. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Jang J, Lee HS, Shin HJ, Cho M, Oh DS. Nephroprotective effect by the regulation of the renal organic anion transporter function by herbal medicines, K-06 and TJ-68. Advances in Integrative Medicine 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aimed.2019.03.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Lee DH, Hasanuzzaman M, Kwon D, Choi HY, Kim SM, Kim DJ, Kang DJ, Hwang TH, Kim HH, Shin HJ, Shin JG, Oh S, Lee S, Kim SW. 10-Phenyltriazoyl Artemisinin is a Novel P-glycoprotein Inhibitor that Suppresses the Overexpression and Function of P-glycoprotein. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:5590-5597. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190222155700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The effect of drugs on ATP-binding cassette transporters, especially permeabilityglycoprotein
(P-gp), is an important consideration during new anti-cancer drug development.
Objective:
In this context, the effects of a newly synthesized artemisinin derivative, 10-(4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-
triazol)-artemisinin (5a), were evaluated on P-gp expression and function.
Methods:
Reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting techniques were used to determine
the effect of 5a on P-gp expression in LS174T cells. In addition, the ability of 5a to work as either a substrate or
an inhibitor of P-gp was investigated through different methods.
Results:
The results revealed that 5a acts as a novel P-gp inhibitor that dually suppresses the overexpression and
function of P-glycoprotein. Co-treatment of LS174T cell line, human colon adenocarcinoma cell line, with 5a and
paclitaxel recovered the anticancer effect of paclitaxel by controlling the acquired drug resistance pathway. The
overexpression of P-gp induced by rifampin and paclitaxel in a colorectal cell line was suppressed by 5a which
could be a novel inhibitory substrate inhibiting the transport of paclitaxel by P-gp.
Conclusion:
The results revealed that 5a can be classified as a type B P-gp inhibitor (with both substrate and
inhibitor activities) with an additional function of suppressing P-gp overexpression. The results might be clinically
useful in the development of anticancer drugs against cancers with multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hwan Lee
- Hallym Institute for Clinical Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Anyang, 14066, Korea
| | - Md. Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Daeho Kwon
- Department of Microbiology, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 25601, Korea
| | - Hye-Young Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 25601, Korea
| | - So Myoung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 25601, Korea
| | - Dong Jin Kim
- Approval and Review Team, Medical Device Safety Bureau, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju 28159, Korea
| | - Dong Ju Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 25601, Korea
| | - Tae-Ho Hwang
- Gene and Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Hyung-Hoi Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, (Bio) Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 4924, Korea
| | - Ho Jung Shin
- SPMED Co., Ltd., 111 Hyoyeol-ro, Buk-gu, Busan 46508, Korea
| | - Jae-Gook Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Sangtae Oh
- Department of Basic Science, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 25601, Korea
| | - Seokjoon Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 25601, Korea
| | - So Won Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Gangneung 25601, Korea
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Lee HS, Shin HJ, Cho M, Lee SH, Oh DS. Inhibitory effects of Kampo medicines, Keishibukuryogan and Shakuyakukanzoto, on the substrate uptake activities of solute carrier organic anion transporters. J Pharmacol Sci 2018; 138:279-283. [PMID: 30424926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of Keishibukuryogan (K-06) and Shakuyakukanzoto (TJ-68), commercial herbal medicines, on the substrate uptake activities of renal organic anion transporters. We performed transporter uptake and cell viability assays in Xenopus oocytes and HEK293 human kidney embryonic cells treated with K-06 or TJ-68. K-06 and TJ-68 markedly inhibited the substrate uptake activities of URAT1, OAT1, and OAT3, while they did not exhibit non-cytotoxic effects. Our findings demonstrated that K-06 and TJ-68 inhibited the substrate uptake activities of renal transporters, suggesting their mechanism of action as nephroprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Sung Lee
- The K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jung Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea; SPMED Co., Ltd., Busan 46508, Republic of Korea
| | - Munju Cho
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Lee
- The K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Dal-Seok Oh
- The K-herb Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
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Shin HJ, Park JM, Kim KH, Shin DW, Park JS, Roh JY, Kim H. Comparison of the Analgesic Effect of an Ice Cube versus 4% Lidocaine Cream in Intradermal Antibiotic Skin Testing. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791201900505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was performed to compare the analgesic effect of an ice cube with that of 4% lidocaine cream (L.M.X.4®) for intradermal skin testing. Methods In this prospective randomised study, healthy adult volunteers were divided into ice cube and lidocaine analgesic pretreatment groups. Randomisation was performed using a randomisation table in blocks of four. Intradermal skin testing was performed after applying ice in the ice cube group and 5 mg of lidocaine cream in the lidocaine group. After the intradermal skin test, the pain intensity was investigated using the visual analog scale (VAS) on questionnaires. We calculated that a minimum of 24 subjects were required for statistical power of 80% at a significance level of 0.05 (two-sided). The groups' VAS scores were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Results The study population consisted of 35 volunteers: 17 in the ice cube group and 18 in the lidocaine group. There were no differences in demographic characteristics between the two groups. The median VAS score was 20 (interquartile range: 0-35) in the ice cube group and 70 (interquartile range: 50-80) in the lidocaine group (p<0.001). Conclusions The results suggested the utility of an ice cube as analgesic pretreatment for intradermal skin testing in the emergency department.
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Lee WJ, Kang HJ, Shin HJ, Won CH, Chang SE, Choi JH, Lee MW. Neutrophilic urticarial dermatosis and Sweet-like neutrophilic dermatosis: under-recognized neutrophilic dermatoses in lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2017; 27:628-636. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203317736145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W J Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Shin
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - C H Won
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S E Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M W Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Hur H, Ahn CW, Byun CS, Shin HJ, Kim YB, Son SY, Han SU. A Novel Roux-en-Y Reconstruction Involving the Use of Two Circular Staplers after Distal Subtotal Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer. J Gastric Cancer 2017; 17:255-266. [PMID: 28970956 PMCID: PMC5620095 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2017.17.e32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although Roux-en-Y (R-Y) reconstruction after distal gastrectomy has several advantages, such as prevention of bile reflux into the remnant stomach, it is rarely used because of the technical difficulty. This prospective randomized clinical trial aimed to show the efficacy of a novel method of R-Y reconstruction involving the use of 2 circular staplers by comparing this novel method to Billroth-I (B-I) reconstruction. Materials and Methods A total of 118 patients were randomly allocated into the R-Y (59 patients) and B-I reconstruction (59 patients) groups. R-Y anastomosis was performed using two circular staplers and no hand sewing. The primary end-point of this clinical trial was the reflux of bile into the remnant stomach evaluated using endoscopic and histological findings at 6 months after surgery. Results No significant differences in clinicopathological findings were observed between the 2 groups. Although anastomosis time was significantly longer for the patients of the R-Y group (P<0.001), no difference was detected between the 2 groups in terms of the total surgery duration (P=0.112). Endoscopic findings showed a significant reduction of bile reflux in the remnant stomach in the R-Y group (P<0.001), and the histological findings showed that reflux gastritis was more significant in the B-I group than in the R-Y group (P=0.026). Conclusions The results of this randomized controlled clinical trial showed that compared with B-I reconstruction, R-Y reconstruction using circular staplers is a safe and feasible procedure. This clinical trial study was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov (registration No. NCT01142271).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoon Hur
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | | | - Cheul Su Byun
- Department of Surgery, Dongsuwon Hospital, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ho Jung Shin
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Young Bae Kim
- Department of Pathology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sang-Yong Son
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sang-Uk Han
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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Parvez MDM, Jung JA, Kim JE, Shin HJ, Lim SJ, Cho MJ, Yoon YJ, Lee DJ, Kim DH, Shin JG. Characterization of 22 anti-tuberculosis drugs for the inhibitory effect on OAT and OCT transporters mediated uptake; possibility of drug-drug interactions. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2016.10.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Shin HJ, Lee YJ, Lim SJ, Cho MJ, Lee DJ, Parvez MM, Shin JG. Functional characterization and genetic effects on ethambutol uptake by organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2). Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2016.10.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Parvez MM, Kaisar N, Shin HJ, Jung JA, Shin JG. Inhibitory Interaction Potential of 22 Antituberculosis Drugs on Organic Anion and Cation Transporters of the SLC22A Family. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:6558-6567. [PMID: 27550354 PMCID: PMC5075059 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01151-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty-two currently marketed antituberculosis drugs were comprehensively evaluated for their inhibitory effect on organic anionic transporter (OAT)- and organic cation transporter (OCT)-mediated uptake using stably transfected HEK293 cells in vitro We observed moderate to strong inhibitory effects on OAT1- and OAT3-mediated para-aminohippurate (PAH) uptake and OCT1- and OCT2-mediated N-methyl-4-phenylpylidinium acetate (MPP+) uptake. Ciprofloxacin, linezolid, para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS), and rifampin were observed to have strong inhibitory effects, with the concentrations for a 50% inhibitory effect (IC50s) being 35.1, 31.1, 37.6, and 48.1 μM, respectively, for OAT1 and >100, 21.9, 24.6, and 30.2 μM, respectively, for OAT3. Similarly, pyrazinamide, rifabutin, and levofloxacin were observed to have inhibitory effects, with IC50 values being 36.5, 42.7, and 30.3 μM, respectively, for OCT1 and with the IC50 value for PAS being 94.2 μM for OCT2. In addition, we used zidovudine and metformin as clinically prescribed substrates of OATs and OCTs, respectively, and zidovudine and metformin uptake was also strongly inhibited by the antituberculosis drugs. Among the tested drugs, the highest drug-drug interaction (DDI) indexes were found for PAS, which were 9.3 to 13.9 for OAT1 and 12.0 to 17.7 for OAT3, and linezolid, which were 1.18 to 2.15 for OAT1 and 1.7 to 3.01 for OAT3. Similarly, the DDI indexes of pyrazinamide and levofloxacin were 0.57 and 0.30, respectively, for OCT1, and the DDI index of PAS was 3.8 for OCT2, suggesting a stronger possibility (DDI index value cutoff, >0.1) of in vivo DDIs. This is the first comprehensive report of the inhibitory potential of anti-TB drugs on OAT- and OCT-mediated uptake of prototype and clinically prescribed substrate drugs in vitro, providing an ability to predict DDIs between anti-TB drugs and other coprescribed drugs in clinical studies in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Masud Parvez
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nazia Kaisar
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jung Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ah Jung
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Gook Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Shin HJ, Woo KI, Kim YD. Factors associated with rhinostomy shape after endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy. Clin Otolaryngol 2016; 42:550-556. [PMID: 27727517 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the factors associated with rhinostomy shape after endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in patients with primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction. DESIGN Retrospective comparative study. SETTING University hospital. PARTICIPANTS One hundred and two cases in 70 patients were included in the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE All cases were classified into three groups according to the healed appearance of the rhinostomy: flat, ladle and ice scoop type. The flat shape was characterised by an opening with a flat surrounding and no clear border between the lacrimal sac and the nasal mucosa. The ladle shape had a depressed base without markings of a lacrimal sac. The ice scoop shape had a depressed base with a clear border between the lacrimal sac and the nasal mucosa. Anatomic success was defined as patency with syringing and endoscopic evidence of ostial patency. Functional success was defined as visualisation of fluorescein dye at the ostium and relief from epiphora. Clinical information and intra- and postoperative endoscopic video findings were compared between the three groups. RESULTS Of the 102 cases, 19 flat, 37 ladle and 46 ice scoop type rhinostomies were observed during the follow-up examinations. Among the variables studied, patient demographics and rhinostomy size and location did not differ between the three groups. However, intraoperative lacrimal sac findings (sac size, wall thickness and mobility), postoperative ostial shrinkage and rhinostomy movement were associated with postoperative rhinostomy shape (all P < 0.05). With regard to surgical outcomes, there were no differences in anatomical patency between the three groups. However, the flat group had a worse functional success rate (73.7%) than the ladle (91.9%) and ice scoop (97.8%) groups (P = 0.008). A higher degree of ostial shrinkage and poor rhinostomy movement was observed with the flat shape appearance, which had a small, thick and poorly mobile lacrimal sac. CONCLUSIONS Lacrimal sac characteristics play a prominent role in determining rhinostomy shape after endoscopic DCR. The rhinostomy shape, along with the degree of ostial shrinkage and rhinostomy movement, is predictive of functional success after endoscopic DCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Shin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K I Woo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y-D Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Na HS, Shin HJ, Lee YJ, Kim JH, Koo KH, Do SH. Tranexamic acid, hip replacement and starch--a reply. Anaesthesia 2016; 71:476-7. [PMID: 26994544 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H S Na
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Shin
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y J Lee
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - K H Koo
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Do
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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Kim JE, Ahn JH, Jung KH, Lee HJ, Gong GY, Lee EM, Ha EJ, Son BH, Ahn SH, Ahn SD, Kim HH, Shin HJ, Kim SB. Abstract P1-14-15: A randomized phase lll trial of neoadjuvant sequential chemotherapy with 4 cycles of adriamycin plus cyclophosphamide followed by 4 cycles of docetaxel (AC4-D4) versus shorter 3 cycles of FEC followed by 3 cycles of docetaxel (FEC3-D3) in node-positive breast cancer (Neo-Shorter): First report of efficacy & toxicity profile. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p1-14-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The addition of a taxane to anthracycline-based chemotherapy provided an improved outcome in neoadjuant setting. Two neoadjuvant chemotherapy with 4 cycles of AC followed by 4 cycles of docetaxel (AC4-D4) and 3 cycles of FEC followed by 3 cycles of docetaxel (FEC3-D3) are widely used. Short duration of chemotherapy, 6 cycles rather than 8 cycles might be an attractive approach.
Methods: This is a randomized, single-center, prospective, parallel group, comparative phase III trial (NCT02001506). Patients (pts) with breast cancer of clinically stage II or III, or sized 1.5 cm with histologically proven lymph-node involvement were included. Pts were stratified according to hormone receptor and HER2 expression status and randomized to AC4-D4 and 3 cycles of FEC3-D3 treatment. The primary endpoint was pathological complete response, defined as the absence of invasive disease in the breast and axillary lymph nodes, analyzed by intention to treat.
Results: At the time of submission, a total of 207 pts were enrolled; 1 pt failed screening; 25 pts dropped out (5 pts in AC4-D4 arm and 2 pts in FEC3-D3 arm discontinue treatment due to progressive disease); 39 pts are still receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy; 142 pts, who received surgery, were included for this analysis. In AC4-D4 arm, among 64 pts, 57 pts achieved clinical response (6 complete response [CR] and 51 partial response [PR]) and among them 9 pts achieved pathologic complete response [pCR]. In FEC3-D3 arm, among 78 pts, 66 pts achieved clinical response (7 CR and 59 PR) and among them 11 pts achieved pCR. Addition of docetaxel increased clinical response in both arms. The most common adverse event was febrile neutropenia. Without prophylactic G-CSF, grade ≥3 febrile neutropenia (FN) occurred 23/661 cycles (3.5%) in AC4-D4 arm and 23/552 cycles (4.2%) in FEC3-D3 arm, respectively. Grade 3 and 4 toxicities other than FN were reported at expected levels in both groups. Sixty-one severe adverse events were reported; 33 (including 23 FN) in AC4-D4 arm and 28 (including 23 FN) in FEC3-D3 arm.
Conclusion: Compared to AC4-D4, shorter duration of FEC3-D3 neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed similar efficacy of pCR rate of 14.0% (versus 14.1% in AC4-D4 arm). The most common and important adverse event was febrile neutropenia in both arms. Updated study findings will be provided.
Citation Format: Kim JE, Ahn J-H, Jung KH, Lee HJ, Gong G-Y, Lee E-M, Ha EJ, Son B-H, Ahn S-H, Ahn SD, Kim H-H, Shin HJ, Kim S-B. A randomized phase lll trial of neoadjuvant sequential chemotherapy with 4 cycles of adriamycin plus cyclophosphamide followed by 4 cycles of docetaxel (AC4-D4) versus shorter 3 cycles of FEC followed by 3 cycles of docetaxel (FEC3-D3) in node-positive breast cancer (Neo-Shorter): First report of efficacy & toxicity profile. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-14-15.
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Affiliation(s)
- JE Kim
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Ahn
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - KH Jung
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HJ Lee
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - G-Y Gong
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - E-M Lee
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - EJ Ha
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - B-H Son
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Ahn
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SD Ahn
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H-H Kim
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HJ Shin
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-B Kim
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Cha
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Hye-Eun Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Woo-Young Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Ho Jung Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Ho-Sook Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Korea
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Jae-Gook Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacoGenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Korea
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan 47392, Korea
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Sohn JH, Rha SY, Jeung HC, Shin HJ, Goo YS, Chung HC, Yang WI, Hahn SB, Shin KH, Min JS, Kim BS, Roh JK, Jang WI. Efficacy of Pre- and Postoperative Chemotherapy in Patients with Osteosarcoma of the Extremities. Cancer Res Treat 2015; 33:520-6. [PMID: 26680832 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2001.33.6.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated the treatment efficacy including survival and recurrence, and factors associated with recurrence in osteosarcoma patients treated with preoperative chemotherapy, surgery, and adjuvant chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty nine patients with osteosarcoma were treated with preoperative chemotherapy with intra-arterial cisplatin and adriamycin infusion for 3 cycles, followed by surgery. According to the pathologic response, if tumor was necrotized more than 90%, the same adjuvant chemotherapy was reintroduced for 3 cycles, and if the response was not enough, then the salvage regimen was introduced. Plain chest film and chest CT scan were taken monthly and every 3 months, respectively. When tumor recurred, the metastasectomy was performed whenever possible. RESULTS Forty three patients were evaluable with amedian follow up of 53 months. Five-year disease-free and overallsurvival rate was 47.0% and 66.9%, respectively. The recurrence was observed in 22 patients (51.2%) with median time of 12.5 months. Baseline alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was the only significant factor for recurrence (p=0.03) and the patients with the possibility of metastasectomy recurrence showed higher post-relapse survival compared to other treatment modalities (26 momths vs 5~12 months). CONCLUSION These results indicates that pre- and postoperative chemotherapy with intra-arterial cisplatin and adriamycin infusion showed comparable treatment efficacy and acceptable toxicities.
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Na HS, Shin HJ, Lee YJ, Kim JH, Koo KH, Do SH. The effect of tranexamic acid on blood coagulation in total hip replacement arthroplasty: rotational thromboelastographic (ROTEM®) analysis. Anaesthesia 2015; 71:67-75. [PMID: 26559015 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated changes in rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM(®) ) parameters and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing total hip replacement arthroplasty, with concomitant infusions of tranexamic acid and of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4. Fifty-five patients were randomly assigned to either the tranexamic acid (n = 29) or the control (n = 26) group. Hydroxyethyl starch was administered in the range of 10-15 ml.kg(-1) during the operation in both groups. In the control group, the clot formation time and maximum clot firmness of APTEM showed significant differences when compared with those of EXTEM at one hour postoperatively, suggestive of fibrinolysis. In the tranexamic acid group, there was no significant difference between each postoperative EXTEM and APTEM parameter. In the tranexamic acid and control group, postoperative blood loss was 308 ml (210-420 [106-745]) and 488 ml (375-620 [170-910], p = 0.002), respectively, and total blood loss was 1168 ml (922-1470 [663-2107]) and 1563 ml (1276-1708 [887-1494], p = 0.003). Haemoglobin concentration was higher in the tranexamic acid group on the second postoperative day (10.5 (9.4-12.1 [7.9-14.0]) vs. 9.6 (8.9-10.5[7.3-16.0]) g.dl(-1) , p = 0.027). In patients undergoing total hip replacement arthroplasty, postoperative fibrinolysis aggravated by hydroxyethyl starch was attenuated by co-administration of 10 mg.kg(-1) tranexamic acid, which may have led to less postoperative blood loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Na
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - H J Shin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Y J Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - J H Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - K H Koo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - S H Do
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi, Korea
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Jeong ES, Kim G, Shin HJ, Park SM, Oh JH, Kim YB, Moon KS, Choi HK, Jeong J, Shin JG, Kim DH. Increased serum bile acid concentration following low-dose chronic administration of thioacetamide in rats, as evidenced by metabolomic analysis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015. [PMID: 26222700 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC/TOF-MS)-based metabolomics approach was employed to identify endogenous metabolites as potential biomarkers for thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver injury. TAA (10 and 30mg/kg), a well-known hepatotoxic agent, was administered daily to male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats for 28days. We then conducted untargeted analyses of endogenous serum and liver metabolites. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was performed on serum and liver samples to evaluate metabolites associated with TAA-induced perturbation. TAA administration resulted in altered levels of bile acids, acyl carnitines, and phospholipids in serum and in the liver. We subsequently demonstrated and confirmed the occurrence of compromised bile acid homeostasis. TAA treatment significantly increased serum levels of conjugated bile acids in a dose-dependent manner, which correlated well with toxicity. However, hepatic levels of these metabolites were not substantially changed. Gene expression profiling showed that the hepatic mRNA levels of Ntcp, Bsep, and Oatp1b2 were significantly suppressed, whereas those of basolateral Mrp3 and Mrp4 were increased. Decreased levels of Ntcp, Oatp1b2, and Ostα proteins in the liver were confirmed by western blot analysis. These results suggest that serum bile acids might be increased due to the inhibition of bile acid enterohepatic circulation rather than increased endogenous bile acid synthesis. Moreover, serum bile acids are a good indicator of TAA-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Sook Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics Research Center, Inje University, College of Medicine, Bokjiro 75, Busanjin-Gu, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Gabin Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics Research Center, Inje University, College of Medicine, Bokjiro 75, Busanjin-Gu, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jung Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics Research Center, Inje University, College of Medicine, Bokjiro 75, Busanjin-Gu, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Myo Park
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwa Oh
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Bum Kim
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Sik Moon
- Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Kyoon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayoung Jeong
- Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 361-951, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Gook Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics Research Center, Inje University, College of Medicine, Bokjiro 75, Busanjin-Gu, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics Research Center, Inje University, College of Medicine, Bokjiro 75, Busanjin-Gu, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea.
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Shin HJ, Na HS, Do SH. A reply. Anaesthesia 2015; 70:762-3. [PMID: 25959195 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H J Shin
- Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - H S Na
- Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - S H Do
- Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.
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Na HS, Shin HJ, Kang SB, Hwang JW, Do SH. A reply. Anaesthesia 2015; 70:363-4. [PMID: 25682822 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H S Na
- Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
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Paudel S, Park JE, Jang H, Shin HJ. Comparison of serum neutralization and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on sera from porcine epidemic diarrhea virus vaccinated pigs. Vet Q 2014; 34:218-23. [PMID: 25415042 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2014.979512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an economically important pathogen of swine. OBJECTIVE Serum neutralization (SN) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test results as well as the utility of spike proteins S1, S2, and S3 and entire nucleocapsid protein were compared. ANIMALS AND METHODS Serum samples from 400 pigs vaccinated against PEDV strain SM98P were collected from 78 farms in Korea. SN test and ELISA were performed to confirm the presence of antibodies. For prokaryotic expression of partial fragments of spike protein the size and location of S1, S2, and S3, and full nucleocapsid protein, polymerase chain reaction was performed using specific primers. RESULTS Comparison of these results demonstrated that there was a correlation between the SN and ELISA results. Sera with higher neutralizing activity also had higher IgG titer. The antibody profiling data presented the correlation of neutralizing activity with the level of spike protein antibody. In particular, the S3 region may have an important role in neutralizing activity. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed that the carboxy-terminal region that includes the endodomain of the S protein induced stronger neutralizing activity than the region that includes the ectodomain. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The region of the S protein may have a stronger neutralizing KPEDV-9 epitope and could be useful for the evaluation of future PEDV vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Paudel
- a Laboratory of Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine , Chungnam National University , Daejeon , South Korea
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Paudel S, Park JE, Jang H, Hyun BH, Yang DG, Shin HJ. Evaluation of antibody response of killed and live vaccines against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in a field study. Vet Q 2014; 34:194-200. [PMID: 25398090 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2014.973999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an infectious, highly contagious virus, and is an etiological agent of acute entero-pathogenic diarrhea in swine. OBJECTIVES Evaluation of the antibody response of two types of PEDV vaccines is to be carried out. ANIMALS AND METHODS Sows were vaccinated with either live or killed commercial PEDV SM98 (GenBank: GU937797.1) vaccines. Four different groups of sows with five sows in each group were used in this study: the unvaccinated negative control group, the killed virus vaccination group with killed virus boosting (K/K), the live virus vaccinated group with live virus boosting (L/L), and the combination group vaccinated with live virus and subsequently boosted with killed vaccine (L/K). Sows were vaccinated intramuscularly twice at four and two weeks prior to farrowing with 2ml/head vaccine dose. Antibody titers in sow and piglet serum one week after farrowing and that in colostrum were compared by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and serum neutralization test. RESULTS Vaccination with K/K vaccine induced the highest level of IgG and IgA in sow serum, colostrum, and especially in piglet serum, with the lowest levels found in the L/L group. The major neutralizing activity was also found in the K/K group, particularly in colostrum, with piglets bearing higher neutralizing activity compared to sow sera. Among recombinant spike S1, S2, S3, and nucleocapsid N protein of PEDV, S3 protein presented the highest antibody level in the K/K group. CONCLUSION Killed PEDV SM98 vaccine induced higher antibody levels. CLINICAL IMPORTANCE This study clearly confirms that killed vaccine has induced higher antibody levels and may contribute to the design of future research and vaccine programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Paudel
- a Laboratory of Infectious Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine , Chungnam National University , Daejeon , Korea
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Shin HJ, Na HS, Do SH. The effects of acute normovolaemic haemodilution on peri-operative coagulation in total hip arthroplasty. Anaesthesia 2014; 70:304-9. [PMID: 25266198 DOI: 10.1111/anae.12880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Total hip arthroplasty results in substantial blood loss in the peri-operative period. We evaluated the effects of acute normovolaemic haemodilution on blood coagulation and platelet function in 11 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. We performed acute normovolaemic haemodilution and haematological tests, rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM(®) ) and whole-blood impedance aggregometry. Blood samples were obtained at three time points: (i) before the initiation of acute normovolaemic haemodilution; (ii) 20 min after completion of acute normovolaemic haemodilution; and (iii) 20 min after retransfusion. After acute normovolaemic haemodilution, ROTEM parameters demonstrated hypocoagulability. Clot formation time of INTEM was increased by 31.6% (p = 0.016), whereas the α-angle and maximum clot formation of INTEM decreased by 8.1% (p = 0.032) and 3.0% (p = 0.013) respectively, compared with baseline values. Clotting time and clot formation time of EXTEM were increased by 40.8% (p = 0.042) and 31.3% (p = 0.016), respectively, whereas the α-angle and maximum clot formation of EXTEM were decreased by 11.9% (p = 0.020) and 9.5% (p = 0.013), respectively. The maximum clot formation of FIBTEM decreased by 35.1% compared with the baseline value (p = 0.007). Following retransfusion, ROTEM values returned to baseline; clot formation time decreased and the α-angle and maximum clot formation increased. There were no significant changes in platelet aggregation during the study. At 20 min after the end of acute normovolaemic haemodilution, the international normalised ratio of prothrombin time was increased compared with the baseline value (p = 0.003). We conclude that acute normovolaemic haemodilution resulted in a hypocoagulable state compared with baseline values and that coagulation parameters returned to normal after retransfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Shin
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, South Korea
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Kim H, Kim HH, Park JS, Shin HJ, Cha JH, Chae EY, Choi WJ. Prediction of pathological complete response of breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy: usefulness of breast MRI computer-aided detection. Br J Radiol 2014; 87:20140142. [PMID: 25162970 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20140142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the usefulness of MR computer-aided detection (CAD) in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for prediction of the pathological complete response of tumours. METHODS 148 patients with breast cancer (mean age, 47.3 years; range, 29-72 years) who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy were included in our study. They underwent MRI before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and we reviewed the pathological result as the gold standard. The computer-generated kinetic features for each lesion were recorded, and the features analysed included "threshold enhancement" at 50% and 100% minimum thresholds; degree of initial peak enhancement; and enhancement profiles comprising lesion percentages of washout, plateau and persistent enhancement. The final pathological size and character of tumours were correlated with post-chemotherapy mammography, ultrasonography and MR CAD findings. Kruskal-Wallis test and intraclass correlation coefficient were used to analyse the findings. RESULTS We divided the 148 patients into complete pathological response and non-complete pathological response groups. A complete pathological response was defined as no histopathological evidence of any residual invasive cancer cells in the breast or axillary lymph nodes. 39 patients showed complete pathological response, and 109 patients showed non-complete pathological response. Between enhancement profiles of MR CAD, plateau proportion of tumours was significantly correlated with the pathological response of tumours (mean proportion of plateau on complete pathological response group was 27%, p = 0.007). CONCLUSION When plateau proportion of tumours is high, we can predict non-complete pathological response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE MR CAD can be a useful tool for the assessment of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and prediction of pathological results.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kim
- 1 Department of Radiology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kook SY, Jeong H, Kang MJ, Park R, Shin HJ, Han SH, Son SM, Song H, Baik SH, Moon M, Yi EC, Hwang D, Mook-Jung I. Crucial role of calbindin-D28k in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Cell Death Differ 2014; 21:1575-87. [PMID: 24853300 PMCID: PMC4158683 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Calbindin-D28k (CB), one of the major calcium-binding and buffering proteins, has a critical role in preventing a neuronal death as well as maintaining calcium homeostasis. Although marked reductions of CB expression have been observed in the brains of mice and humans with Alzheimer disease (AD), it is unknown whether these changes contribute to AD-related dysfunction. To determine the pathogenic importance of CB depletions in AD models, we crossed 5 familial AD mutations (5XFAD; Tg) mice with CB knock-out (CBKO) mice and generated a novel line CBKO·5XFAD (CBKOTg) mice. We first identified the change of signaling pathways and differentially expressed proteins globally by removing CB in Tg mice using mass spectrometry and antibody microarray. Immunohistochemistry showed that CBKOTg mice had significant neuronal loss in the subiculum area without changing the magnitude (number) of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) plaques deposition and elicited significant apoptotic features and mitochondrial dysfunction compared with Tg mice. Moreover, CBKOTg mice reduced levels of phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) 1/2 and cAMP response element-binding protein at Ser-133 and synaptic molecules such as N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 (NMDA receptor 1), NMDA receptor 2A, PSD-95 and synaptophysin in the subiculum compared with Tg mice. Importantly, this is the first experimental evidence that removal of CB from amyloid precursor protein/presenilin transgenic mice aggravates AD pathogenesis, suggesting that CB has a critical role in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-Y Kook
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Jeong
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, Korea
| | - M J Kang
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - R Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Shin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-H Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S M Son
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S H Baik
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M Moon
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Mclean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - E C Yi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - D Hwang
- 1] School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, Korea [2] Department of New Biology and Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu, Korea
| | - I Mook-Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Shin HJ, Kim H, Heo RW, Kim HJ, Choi WS, Kwon HM, Roh GS. Tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein haplodeficiency attenuates seizure severity and NF-κB-mediated neuroinflammation in kainic acid-induced seizures. Cell Death Differ 2014; 21:1095-106. [PMID: 24608792 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures followed by neuronal death are associated with neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage. Tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein (TonEBP) is known as a transcriptional factor activating osmoprotective genes, and in brain, it is expressed in neuronal nuclei. Thus dysregulation of TonEBP may be involved in the pathology of KA-induced seizures. Here we used TonEBP heterozygote (+/-) mice to study the roles of TonEBP. Electroencephalographic study showed that TonEBP (+/-) mice reduced seizure frequency and severity compared with wild type during KA-induced status epilepticus. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis showed that KA-induced neuroinflammation and BBB leakage were dramatically reduced in TonEBP (+/-) mice. Similarly, TonEBP-specific siRNA reduced glutamate-induced death in HT22 hippocampal neuronal cells. TonEBP haplodeficiency prevented KA-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 and attenuated inflammation. Our findings identify TonEBP as a critical regulator of neuroinflammation and BBB leakage in KA-induced seizures, which suggests TonEBP as a good therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Research Center for Neural Dysfunction, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Research Center for Neural Dysfunction, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - R W Heo
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Research Center for Neural Dysfunction, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Research Center for Neural Dysfunction, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - W S Choi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Research Center for Neural Dysfunction, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - H M Kwon
- School of Nano-Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - G S Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Research Center for Neural Dysfunction, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
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Kim J, Park JH, Lee S, Shin HJ. Simple and easy DNA mapping method using peptide nucleic acid (PNA) tagging. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2014; 14:2477-2481. [PMID: 24745250 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2014.8494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a simple and easy DNA mapping method using peptide nucleic acid (PNA) on glass cover-slips based on optical detection. PNA and glass cover-slips were used as easy tagging and stretching method, separately. The PNA can be invaded lambda (A) DNA at the sequences we wished to tag without any additional materials. Alexa-488 fluorophore-conjugated PNA was designed to invade at four sites (sequence: AAGAAGAA) of lambda DNA with robust and exact binding. Fluorophore tagged lambda DNA was stretched in electrical layer coated glass cover-slips. The lambda DNA was stretched as 9.2 um in length. It is approximately 60% of theoretical length of lambda DNA and sufficient length to promise optical resolution. The sites of desired sequence tagged by PNA were well detected in stretched lambda DNA.
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Shin HJ, Roh SA, Kim JC, Lee SJ, Kim YP. Temporal variation of volatile organic compounds and their major emission sources in Seoul, Korea. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2013; 20:8717-8728. [PMID: 23728967 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1843-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their major emission sources at the Bulgwang site in Seoul, Korea. The annual levels of VOCs (96.2-121.1 ppb C) have shown a decreasing trend from 2004 to 2008. The most abundant component in Seoul was toluene, which accounted for over 23.5 % of the total VOCs on the parts per billion on a carbon basis, and the portions of alkanes with two to six carbons constituted the largest major lumped group, ranging from 40.1 to 48.4 % (45.3 ± 3.7 %) of the total VOCs. Major components of the solvent (toluene, m/p-xylene, o-xylene, and ethylbenzene) showed high in daytime and summer and low in nighttime and winter due mainly to the variation of the ambient temperature. The species mostly emitted from gasoline vapor (i/n-butane, i/n-pentane, n-hexane, and 2-methylpentane) and vehicular exhaust (ethylene, acetylene, and benzene) showed bimodal peaks in the diurnal variation around the commuting hours because of the high traffic volume. For the 14 out of 15 highest concentration species, the weekend effect was only evident on Sundays because of the stepwise implementation of the 5-day work-week system. Principal components analysis (PCA) was applied in order to identify the sources of the 15 highest concentration VOCs and, as a result, three principal components such as gasoline vapor (48.9 %), vehicular exhaust (17.9 %), and evaporation of solvents (9.8 %) were obtained to explain a total of 76.6 % of the data variance. Most influential contributing sources at the sampling site were traffic-related ones although the use of solvent was the dominant emission source based on the official emission inventory.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Shin
- Air Quality Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Kyungseo-dong, Seo-gu, Incheon, 404-708, Korea
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Shin HJ. Deformation of a Peregrine soliton by fluctuating backgrounds. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2013; 88:032919. [PMID: 24125337 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.88.032919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A generalized Peregrine soliton moving on a fluctuating background is constructed. The agreement with the experimental results is improved compared to the standard Peregrine soliton. It has a deformed shape asymmetric with respect to time, and the peak values are not always 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Shin
- Department of Physics and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea
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Mun HS, Kim HH, Shin HJ, Cha JH, Ruppel PL, Oh HY, Chae EY. Assessment of extent of breast cancer: comparison between digital breast tomosynthesis and full-field digital mammography. Clin Radiol 2013; 68:1254-9. [PMID: 23969151 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2013.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the accuracy of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and full-field digital mammography (FFDM) in preoperative assessment of local extent of breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lesion sizes of breast cancers on DBT and FFDM images were independently evaluated by breast radiologists. Each lesion was flagged as either mis-sized or not depending on whether the assessment of size at imaging was within 1 cm of the lesion size at surgery. Additional analyses were made by mammographic parenchymal density and by lesion size, using 2 cm as the boundary to separate the two subgroups. Statistical comparisons were performed using a repeated measures linear model on the percent mis-sized. P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS The dataset included 173 malignant breast lesions (mean size 23.8 mm, 43% of lesions were ≤2 cm in size) in 169 patients, two-thirds of which had heterogeneously or extremely dense breasts. Overall, the percentage of lesions mis-sized at DBT was significantly lower than at FFDM (19% versus 29%, p = 0.003). There was significantly less mis-sizing at DBT in both heterogeneously dense breasts (11.1% difference between DBT and FFDM, p = 0.016) and extremely dense breasts (15.8% difference, p = 0.024). DBT also had significantly less mis-sizing than FFDM in the subgroup of lesions that were ≤2 cm in size (14.7% difference, p = 0.005). CONCLUSION DBT was significantly superior to FFDM for the evaluation of lesion size overall, and specifically for small lesions and for lesions in dense breasts. The superiority of DBT versus FFDM increased with parenchymal density.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Mun
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea; Severance Check-up, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Shin HJ, Kim JC, Lee SJ, Kim YP. Evaluation of the optimum volatile organic compounds control strategy considering the formation of ozone and secondary organic aerosol in Seoul, Korea. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2013; 20:1468-1481. [PMID: 22886781 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1108-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their annual trends in Seoul, Korea were investigated, with their optimal control strategy suggested. The annual concentration of VOCs (96.2-121.1 ppbC) has shown a decreasing trend from 2004 to 2008, suggesting the control strategy via the "Special Measures for Metropolitan Air Quality Improvement," which was implemented in 2005, has been successful. The contributions of individual VOC to the production of ambient ozone and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) are discussed to assess the adequacy of current control strategies. The contribution of aromatics (C6-C10) to the production of ozone accounted for 38.7-46.3 % of the total ozone production, followed by low carbon alkanes (C2-C6) (27.0-35.9 %). The total SOA formation potential of VOCs was found to range from 2.5 to 3.5 μg m(-3), mainly as a result of aromatics (C6-C10) (over 85 %). Considering the contributions from ozone and SOA production, it was concluded that solvent use was the most important emission source, followed by vehicle exhaust emissions. Thus, the current emission control strategy focused on these two emission sources is appropriate to reduce the VOCs related pollution level of the Seoul Metropolitan Region. Still, an additional control strategy, such as controlling the emissions from meat cooking, which is an emission source of high carbon alkanes (C7-C10), needs to be considered to further reduce the VOCs related pollution level in Seoul.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Shin
- Air Quality Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Kyungseo-dong, Seo-gu, Incheon, 404-708, Korea
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Kim MH, Shin HJ, Lim SJ, Park JS, Lee SS, Song IS, Shin JG. Inter-individual variability in OCT1 expression and its relationship with OCT1 genotype in liver samples from a Korean population. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2012; 27:530-5. [PMID: 22498645 DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.dmpk-11-rg-109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To clarify inter-individual variation in the expression of organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1), the levels of OCT1 mRNA and protein from 65 human liver samples were examined by real-time PCR and Western blot analysis and were associated with OCT1 genotypes. The expression levels of OCT1 mRNA and protein in 65 liver samples of Korean origin were not normally distributed and varied by 23.6- and 15.9-fold, respectively. OCT1 mRNA expression was correlated with OCT1 protein expression with a correlation coefficient of 0.641 (p < 0.0001). However, non-genetic factors, such as age, gender, and cholestasis, were not significantly associated with OCT1 expression. When quantitative expression levels were compared in relation to OCT1 promoter SNPs, there was no significant difference in OCT1 expression levels among the -1795 GG, GA, and AA genotypes. Moreover, expression levels of OCT1 were not changed in relation to the -1756 genotypes. Inter-individual variation in OCT1 mRNA and protein expression levels in the liver did not correlate with OCT1 genotypes or non-genetic factors, such as age, gender, and cholestasis. These results suggest that genetic and non-genetic factors may not be a significant contributing factor of variations in OCT1 expression from liver samples of Korean origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hye Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Shin HJ, Lee CH, Lee SS, Shin JG, Song IS. Rapid genotyping of the genetic variants of organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1), R50H, R23W, R454Q, and 505C>T, by pyrosequencing method. Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-012-0011-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lee JW, Shin EJ, Yi OV, Lee JW, Shin HJ. P5-08-06: Comparison of Mammographic Density between Ductal Carcinoma In Situ and Benign Breast Disease. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p5-08-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: High breast density is an independent risk factor for breast cancer as well as benign breast diseases. However there are few studies about breast density of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and benign breast disease(BBD). In this study, we investigated patterns of breast density of DCIS and BBD, and comparatively analyzed breast densities of DCIS and BBD.
Material and Methods From 2008 to 2009, 345 patients underwent surgery for DCIS at Asan Medical Center, and 295 patients for BBD at 2010. We retrospectively reviewed each groups and estimated cranio-caudal view of digital mammogram of unaffected breast by computer-assisted thresholding methods, using Cumulus 4, version 4.0. For BBD we included atypical ductal hyperplasia, fibroadenoma, papilloma(atypical/intraductal), phyllodes tumor(benign/borderline), and excluded unavailable mammogram(mostly, because of scanned films from outside hospitals and previously diagnosed breast cancer).
Results Mean ages of each group were 46.51 year old in DCIS group and 41.43 year old in BBD group, and the mean percentage density(PD) were 44.89% and 45.27%, respectively.
There was no significant difference between two groups in total population(p=0.79). We categorized into two groups according to the age, ≥50 and <50, for each DCIS and BBD group. Mean percentage density of below 50 year old was 52.92% in DCIS gruop and 49.58% in BBD group(p=0.031). Mean percentage density above 50 year old was 33.67% in DCIS group and 33.29% In BBD group(p=0.867).
Conclusion The mean values and distribution patterns of PD were similar between BBD group and DCIS group. However, in the subgroup aged under 50, the DCIS group has significantly higher breast density than the BBD group. Although the causal association of breast density with breast cancer has been relatively well documented, this kind of cross-sectional study has an inherent limitation. The absolute difference between the DCIS group and the BBD group under age 50 (3.34% in table2) needs more investigation for its clinical implications.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-08-06.
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Affiliation(s)
- JW Lee
- 1Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - EJ Shin
- 1Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - OV Yi
- 1Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - JW Lee
- 1Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - HJ Shin
- 1Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Shin HJ, Takeda M, Enomoto A, Fujimura M, Miyazaki H, Anzai N, Endou H. Interactions of urate transporter URAT1 in human kidney with uricosuric drugs. Nephrology (Carlton) 2011; 16:156-62. [PMID: 21272127 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2010.01368.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Hyperuricaemia is a significant factor in a variety of diseases, including gout and cardiovascular diseases. The kidney plays a dominant role in maintaining plasma urate levels through the excretion process. Human renal urate transporter URAT1 is thought to be an essential molecule that mediates the reabsorption of urate on the apical side of the proximal tubule. In this study the pharmacological characteristics and clinical implications of URAT1 were elucidated. METHODS Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells stably expressing URAT1 (MDCK-URAT1) were established and examined the interactions of URAT1 with various drugs such as benzbromarone and its metabolites including 6-hydroxybenzbromarone, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and urate transport inhibitors including E3040 and probenecid. RESULTS MDCK-URAT1 cells exhibited a time- and dose-dependent increase in urate uptake, with a Km value of 570.7 µmol/L. When an URAT1-green fluorescent protein fusion protein construct was expressed in MDCK cells, the protein was sorted mainly to the apical side of the membrane. The drugs except for captoril dose-dependently inhibited urate uptake mediated by URAT1, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC(50) ) values ranging 0.05-716 µmol/L. CONCLUSION Comparing these IC(50) values with intratubular concentrations of unbound drugs in humans, it is thought that URAT1 is a target molecule of uricosuric drugs, including 6-hydroxybenzbromarone, probenecid, indomethacin and salicylate, to inhibit urate reabsorption in vivo. In addition, a cell line that stably expressing URAT1 could be a useful tool for the development of uricosuric drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Jung Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Yoon JR, Jeon Y, Yoo Y, Shin HJ, Ahn JH, Lim CH. The analgesic effect of remifentanil on prevention of withdrawal response associated with the injection of rocuronium in children: no evidence for a peripheral action. J Int Med Res 2011; 38:1795-800. [PMID: 21309495 DOI: 10.1177/147323001003800526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Remifentanil pre-treatment has been reported to decrease the incidence of rocuronium injection-associated withdrawal movement. This study was designed to explore the site of action of remifentanil for reducing withdrawal response during rocuronium injection in children. Ninety-six paediatric patients were randomly assigned to three groups. After induction of anaesthesia with 5 mg/kg 2.5% thiopental sodium, 2 ml saline (placebo group) or 0.5 microg/kg remifentanil (group R), was injected intravenously 1 min before 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium. In a third group (group R'), the venous retention of 0.5 microg/kg remifentanil was maintained for 30 s followed by tourniquet release and injection of 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium. Withdrawal response was graded using a four-point scale. The incidence of withdrawal movement after rocuronium administration was 94%, 22% and 81% in the placebo, R, and R' groups, respectively. This study demonstrated that the pre-treatment effect of remifentanil for reducing rocuronium-associated withdrawal response occurs mainly through a central action.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Yoon
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
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Shin HJ, Kim HH, Ahn JH, Kim SB, Jung KH, Gong G, Son BH, Ahn SH. Comparison of mammography, sonography, MRI and clinical examination in patients with locally advanced or inflammatory breast cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Br J Radiol 2010; 84:612-20. [PMID: 21081579 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/74430952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the relative accuracies of mammography, sonography, MRI and clinical examination in predicting residual tumour size and pathological response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced or inflammatory breast cancer. Each prediction method was compared with the gold standard of surgical pathology. METHODS 43 patients (age range, 25-62 years; mean age, 42.7 years) with locally advanced or inflammatory breast cancer who had been treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy were enrolled prospectively. We compared the predicted residual tumour size and the predicted response on imaging and clinical examination with residual tumour size and response on pathology. Statistical analysis was performed using weighted kappa statistics and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). RESULTS The ICC values between predicted tumour size and pathologically determined tumour size were 0.65 for clinical examination, 0.69 for mammography, 0.78 for sonography and 0.97 for MRI. Agreement between the response predictions at mid-treatment and the responses measured by pathology had kappa values of 0.28 for clinical examination, 0.32 for mammography, 0.46 for sonography and 0.68 for MRI. Agreement between the final response predictions and the responses measured by pathology had kappa values of 0.43 for clinical examination, 0.44 for mammography, 0.50 for sonography and 0.82 for MRI. CONCLUSION Predictions of response and residual tumour size made on MRI were better correlated with the assessments of response and residual tumour size made upon pathology than were predictions made on the basis of clinical examination, mammography or sonography. Thus, the evaluation of predicted response using MRI could provide a relatively sensitive early assessment of chemotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Shin
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, Korea
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Choi MK, Shin HJ, Choi YL, Deng JW, Shin JG, Song IS. Differential effect of genetic variants of Na+-taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) and organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) on the uptake of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Xenobiotica 2010; 41:24-34. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2010.523736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Shin HJ, Kim HH, Huh MO, Kim MJ, Yi A, Kim H, Son BH, Ahn SH. Correlation between mammographic and sonographic findings and prognostic factors in patients with node-negative invasive breast cancer. Br J Radiol 2010; 84:19-30. [PMID: 20682592 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/92960562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to correlate sonographic and mammographic findings with prognostic factors in patients with node-negative invasive breast cancer. METHODS Sonographic and mammographic findings in 710 consecutive patients (age range 21-81 years; mean age 49 years) with 715 node-negative invasive breast cancers were retrospectively evaluated. Pathology reports relating to tumour size, histological grade, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), extensive intraductal component (EIC), oestrogen receptor (ER) status and HER-2/neu status were reviewed and correlated with the imaging findings. Statistical analysis was performed using logistic regression analysis and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS On mammography, non-spiculated masses with calcifications were associated with all poor prognostic factors: high histological grade, positive LVI, EIC, HER-2/neu status and negative ER. Other lesions were associated with none of these poor prognostic factors. Hyperdense masses on mammography, the presence of mixed echogenicity, posterior enhancement, calcifications in-or-out of masses and diffusely increased vascularity on sonography were associated with high histological grade and negative ER. Associated calcifications on both mammograms and sonograms were correlated with EIC and HER-2/neu overexpression. The ICC value for the disease extent was 0.60 on mammography and 0.70 on sonography. CONCLUSION Several sonographic and mammographic features can have a prognostic value in the subsequent treatment of patients with node-negative invasive breast cancer. Radiologists should pay more attention to masses that are associated with calcifications because on both mammography and sonography associated calcifications were predictors of positive EIC and HER-2/neu overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Shin
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, Korea
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Kim MK, Suh C, Lee DH, Min CK, Kim SJ, Kim K, Moon JH, Yoon SS, Lee GW, Kang HJ, Kim SH, Choi CW, Eom HS, Kwak JY, Kim HJ, Mun YC, Bang SM, Lee K, Shin HJ, Lee JH. Immunoglobulin D multiple myeloma: response to therapy, survival, and prognostic factors in 75 patients. Ann Oncol 2010; 22:411-6. [PMID: 20682550 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdq393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyze the clinical features, outcomes including efficacy of treatment, and prognostic factors of patients with immunoglobulin D multiple myeloma (IgD MM). DESIGN AND METHODS Seventy-five patients diagnosed with IgD MM were selected from the Korean Myeloma Registry database (www.myeloma.or.kr). RESULTS Median age was 57 years and the main presenting features were bone pain (77%). Renal function impairment and hypercalcemia were present in 40 (53%) and 20 (27%) patients. Sixty-seven patients (89%) had lambda light chains. Forty-eight patients (64%) were of stage III by International Staging System. Twenty-six patients (53%) had chromosomal abnormalities mostly by conventional cytogenetics. Thirty-nine patients (54%) were treated with vincristine, adriamycin, and dexamethasone chemotherapy; the overall response rate (ORR) of 56%. Sixteen patients (22%) received first-line chemotherapy including new drugs (bortezomib or thalidomide), with an ORR of 81%. At a median follow-up time of 28.6 months, median overall survival (OS) was 18.5 months. Age, extramedullary plasmacytoma, del(13) or hypoploidy, serum β(2) microglobulin level, and platelet count were significant prognostic factors for OS. CONCLUSIONS IgD MM is an aggressive disease that is usually detected at an advanced stage. Despite a positive initial response, survival after relapse was dismal. Intensive treatment strategies before and following stem cell transplantation may improve outcomes in younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu
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Opachich YP, Comin A, Bartelt AF, Young AT, Scholl A, Feng J, Schmalhorst J, Shin HJ, Engelhorn K, Risbud SH, Reiss G, Padmore HA. Time-resolved demagnetization of Co2MnSi observed using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism and an ultrafast streak camera. J Phys Condens Matter 2010; 22:156003. [PMID: 21389561 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/15/156003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The demagnetization dynamics of the Heusler alloy Co(2)MnSi was studied using picosecond time-resolved x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. The sample was excited using femtosecond laser pulses. In contrast to the sub-picosecond demagnetization of the metal ferromagnet Ni, substantially slower demagnetization with a time constant of 3.5 ± 0.5 ps was measured. This could be explained by a spin-dependent band gap inhibiting the spin-flip scattering of hot electrons in Co(2)MnSi, which is predicted to be half-metallic. A universal demagnetization time constant was measured across a range of pump power levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Opachich
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720-8099, USA.
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Moon JH, Kim SN, Kang BW, Chae YS, Kim JG, Ahn JS, Kim YK, Yang DH, Lee JJ, Kim HJ, Choi YJ, Shin HJ, Chung JS, Cho GJ, Sohn SK. Early onset of acute GVHD indicates worse outcome in terms of severity of chronic GVHD compared with late onset. Bone Marrow Transplant 2010; 45:1540-5. [PMID: 20190848 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2010.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Acute GVHD (aGVHD) is an important risk factor for predicting the incidence or severity of chronic GVHD (cGVHD). Transplant outcome can be influenced by the onset time of aGVHD in patients who have received allogeneic PBSC transplants (PBSCTs). The medical records of 134 patients who survived more than 3 months after myeloablative allogeneic PBSCT were retrospectively reviewed. In all, 38 patients (28.4%) developed grade II-IV aGVHD before day +28 (early aGVHD) and 25 patients (18.7%) after day +28 (late aGVHD). The 5-year cumulative incidence of cGVHD was 78.9% in the early-aGVHD group and 56.6% in the late-aGVHD group (P=0.034). The 5-year OS was 51.0% for the early-aGVHD and 80.8% for the late-aGVHD group (P=0.406). Infection was the primary cause of death for the early-aGVHD group (51.4 vs 16.7%, P=0.017), whereas relapse of the primary disease was higher among the patients with late aGVHD, although this was statistically insignificant (58.3 vs 25.7%, P=0.309). In a multivariate analysis, early aGVHD was identified as a risk factor for developing cGVHD (hazard ratio (HR) 2.278, P=0.004). The development of aGVHD early after allogeneic PBSCT increased the risk of cGVHD and infection-related death rate when compared with the late onset of aGVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Moon
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
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Kim KJ, Lee H, Choi J, Lee H, Jung MC, Shin HJ, Kang TH, Kim B, Kim S. Surface property change of graphene using nitrogen ion. J Phys Condens Matter 2010; 22:045005. [PMID: 21386307 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/4/045005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We introduced nitrogen ions to modify the graphene surface and its property changes were investigated. A graphene layer grown on 6H-SiC(0001) was irradiated with 100 eV nitrogen ions. Surface property changes were studied using photoemission spectroscopy (PES), near edge x-ray adsorption spectroscopy (NEXAFS), and atomic force microscopy(AFM). N 1s core level spectra show that three kinds of nitrogen species, nitrogen gas, graphite-like and pyridine-like nitrogen were induced on the nitrogen ion implanted graphene surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Jeong Kim
- Beamline Research Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL), Pohang, Kyongbuk, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
1. The authors sought to evaluate the contribution of organic cation transporters (OCTs) to the renal tubular transport of metformin using LLC-PK1 cells as an in vitro model for the renal proximal tubule, and to investigate the effects of three non-synonymous genetic variants of OCT2 on the transport activity of metformin in vitro using an oocyte over-expression system. 2. The basolateral-to-apical transport of metformin was significantly greater than the apical-to-basolateral transport and showed concentration dependency with the kinetic parameters: maximum transport rate (V(max)), 922 pmol min(-1) per 5 x 10(5) cells; Michaelis-Menten constant (K(m)), 393 microM; intrinsic clearance (CL(int)), 2.35 microl min(-1) per 5 x 10(5) cells; and diffusion constant (K(d)), 0.33 microl min(-1) per 5 x 10(5) cells. The basolateral-to-apical transport of metformin was inhibited by phenoxybenzamine, an inhibitor of OCTs, but not by cyclosporine A, MK571, or fumitremorgin C, which are inhibitors of P-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs), and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), respectively, suggesting that OCTs play a role in renal tubular secretion of metformin. 3. Metformin uptake was much greater in oocytes expressing OCT2-wild type (OCT2-WT) than OCT1-WT compared with uptake in water-injected oocytes. Uptake was significantly decreased in oocytes expressing OCT2-T199I, -T201M, and -A270S compared with that in OCT2-WT, suggesting that metformin is a better substrate for OCT2 than for OCT1 and that the amino acid-substituted variants of OCT2 cause a functional decrease in metformin uptake. 4. In conclusion, the genetic variants of OCT2 (OCT2-T199I, -T201M, and -A270S) decreased the transport activity of metformin and thus may contribute to the inter-individual variation in metformin disposition as OCT2 plays a pivotal role in renal excretion, the major disposition route of metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Song
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
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Song IS, Shin HJ, Shim EJ, Jung IS, Kim WY, Shon JH, Shin JG. Genetic variants of the organic cation transporter 2 influence the disposition of metformin. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2008; 84:559-62. [PMID: 18401339 DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2008.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Genetic variants of the organic cation transporter 2 (protein, OCT2; gene, SLC22A2) were evaluated for their contribution to the variations in the pharmacokinetics of metformin, especially to its renal elimination. Genetic variants of SLC22A2 (c.596C>T, c.602C>T, and c.808G>T) showed significant differences in metformin pharmacokinetics when compared with the reference genotype, with higher peak plasma concentration (C(max)) and area under the curve (AUC) and lower renal clearance (Cl(renal)), thereby suggesting that a decrease in transport function associated with the SLC22A2 variants results in reduced Cl(renal) of metformin and consequently leads to increased plasma concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Song
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics Research Center, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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Anzai N, Shin HJ, Miyao K, Endou H. Interaction of the multivalent PDZ domain protein PDZK1 with novel liver‐specific organic anion transporter 7 (OAT7). FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.1204.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ho Jung Shin
- Dept Pharmacol ToxicolKyorin Univ Sch MedTokyoJapan
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Kim JG, Sohn SK, Chae YS, Yang DH, Lee JJ, Kim HJ, Shin HJ, Jung JS, Kim WS, Kim DH, Suh C, Kim SJ, Eom HS, Bae SH. Multicenter study of intravenous busulfan, cyclophosphamide, and etoposide (i.v. Bu/Cy/E) as conditioning regimen for autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Bone Marrow Transplant 2007. [PMID: 17846602 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705841.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of a combination of intravenous busulfan, cyclophosphamide and etoposide (i.v. Bu/Cy/E) as a conditioning regimen prior to autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Sixty-four patients with relapsed/refractory (n=36) or high-risk (n=28) lymphoma were enrolled. The high-dose chemotherapy consisted of i.v. Bu (0.8 mg kg(-1) i.v. q 6 h from day -7 to day -5), Cy (50 mg kg(-1) i.v. on day -3 and day -2) and E (400 mg m(-2) i.v. on day -5 and day -4). The median age was 43 (range 18-65) years, and 39 patients were male. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (40.6%) was the most common histological subtype. All evaluable patients achieved an engraftment of neutrophils (median, day 12) and platelets (median, day 13). Hepatic veno-occlusive disease was observed in four patients (three mild, one moderate grade), and two patients (3.1%) died from treatment-related complications. At a median follow-up of 16.4 months, 15 patients (23.4%) exhibited a relapse or progression, while 13 patients (20.3%) had died of disease. The estimated 3-year overall and progression-free survival for all patients was 72.1 and 70.1%, respectively. In conclusion, the conditioning regimen of i.v. Bu/Cy/E was well tolerated and seemed to be effective in patients with aggressive NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Kim
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
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