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Zhou HJ, Zhang A, Wei J, Wu J, Luo N, Wang P. Psychometric performance of EQ-5D-5L and SF-6DV2 in measuring health status of populations in Chinese university staff and students. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2314. [PMID: 37993793 PMCID: PMC10664374 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17208-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To compare measurement properties of EQ-5D-5L and SF-6DV2 in university staff and students in China. METHODS A total of 291 staff and 183 undergraduates or postgraduates completed the two instruments assigned in a random order. The health utility scores (HUS) of EQ-5D-5L and SF-6DV2 were calculated using the respective value sets for Chinese populations. The agreement of HUSs was examined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman plot. Convergent validity of their HUSs and similar dimensions were assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficient. Known-group validity of the HUSs and EQ-VAS score was assessed by comparing the scores of participants with and without three conditions (i.e., disease, symptom or discomfort, and injury), as well as number of any of the three conditions; their sensitivity was also compared. RESULTS The ICCs between the two HUSs were 0.567 (staff) and 0.553 (students). Bland-Altman plot found that EQ-5D-5L HUSs were generally higher. Strong correlation was detected for two similar dimensions (pain/discomfort of EQ-5D-5L and pain of SF-6DV2; anxiety/depression of EQ-5D-5L and mental health of SF-6DV2) in both samples. The correlation between the two HUSs were strong (0.692 for staff and 0.703 for students), and were stronger than their correlations with EQ-VAS score. All the three scores could discriminate the difference in three known-groups (disease, symptom or discomfort, number of any of the three conditions). The two HUSs were more sensitive than EQ-VAS score; and either of them was not superior than the other. CONCLUSIONS Both EQ-5D-5L and SF-6DV2 HUSs have acceptable measurement properties (convergent validity, known-groups validity, sensitivity) in Chinese university staff and students. Nevetheless, only EQ-5D-5L (PD and AD) and SF-6DV2 (PN and MH) showed indicated good convergent validity as expected. Two types of HUSs cannot be used interchangeably, and each has its own advantages in sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jun Zhou
- Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Aixue Zhang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Department of TCM Manipulative Orthopedics, PLA Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Nan Luo
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pei Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China (Fudan University), Shanghai, China.
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Guo YH, He ZL, Ji QL, Zhou HJ, Meng FL, Hu XF, Wei XY, Ma JC, Yang YH, Zhao W, Long LJ, Wang X, Fan JM, Yu XJ, Zhang JZ, Hua D, Yan XM, Wang HB. [Population structure of food-borne Staphylococcus aureus in China]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2023; 44:982-989. [PMID: 37380423 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20221206-01043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the population structure of food-borne Staphylococcus (S.) aureus in China. Methods: Whole genome sequencing was used to analyze 763 food-borne S. aureus strains from 16 provinces in China from 2006 to 2020. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST), staphylococcal protein A gene (spa) typing, and staphylococcal chromosome cassettemec (SCCmec) typing were conducted, and minimum spanning tree based on ST types (STs) was constructed by BioNumerics 7.5 software. Thirty-one S. aureus strains isolated from imported food products were also included in constructing the genome phylogenetic tree. Results: A total of 90 STs (20 novel types) and 160 spa types were detected in the 763 S. aureus isolates. The 72 STs (72/90, 80.0%) were related to 22 clone complexes. The predominant clone complexes were CC7, CC1, CC5, CC398, CC188, CC59, CC6, CC88, CC15, and CC25, accounting for 82.44% (629/763) of the total. The STs and spa types in the predominant clone complexes changed over the years. The methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) detection rate was 7.60%, and 7 SCCmec types were identified. The ST59-t437-Ⅳa (17.24%, 10/58), ST239-t030-Ⅲ (12.07%, 7/58), ST59-t437-Ⅴb (8.62%, 5/58), ST338-t437-Ⅴb (6.90%, 4/58) and ST338-t441-Ⅴb (6.90%, 4/58) were the main types in MRSA strains. The genome phylogenetic tree had two clades, and the strains with the same CC, ST, and spa types clustered together. All CC7 methicillin sensitive S. aureus strains were included in Clade1, while 21 clone complexes and all MRSA strains were in Clade2. The MRSA strains clustered according to the SCCmec and STs. The strains from imported food products in CC398, CC7, CC30, CC12, and CC188 had far distances from Chinese strains in the tree. Conclusions: In this study, the predominant clone complexes of food-borne strains were CC7, CC1, CC5, CC398, CC188, CC59, CC6, CC88, CC15, and CC25, which overlapped with the previously reported clone complexes of hospital and community-associated strains in China, suggesting that close attention needs to be paid to food, a vehicle of pathogen transmission in community and food poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Guo
- Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014040, China State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Z L He
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Interdisciplinary Innovation Institute of Medicine and Engineering, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Q L Ji
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100020, China
| | - H J Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - F L Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X F Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100032, China
| | - X Y Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - J C Ma
- Microbial Resource and Big Data Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Y H Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - W Zhao
- Institute of Microbiology, Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun 130051, China
| | - L J Long
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Xi'an 712100, China
| | - J M Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X J Yu
- Hainan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - J Z Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - D Hua
- Hainan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - X M Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - H B Wang
- Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014040, China Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100020, China
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Fan YF, Li ZP, Yu XJ, Li Z, Zhou HJ, Zhang YL, Gan XT, Hua D, Lu X, Kan B. [Study of the urban-impact on microbial communities and their virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genomes in the Nandu River, Haikou]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2023; 44:974-981. [PMID: 37380422 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20221229-01090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the changes in bacterial community structure, antibiotic resistance genome, and pathogen virulence genome in river water before and after the river flowing through Haikou City and their transmission and dispersal patterns and to reveal anthropogenic disturbance's effects on microorganisms and resistance genes in the aquatic environment. Methods: The Nandu River was divided into three study areas: the front, middle and rear sections from the upstream before it flowed through Haikou City to the estuary. Three sampling sites were selected in each area, and six copies of the sample were collected in parallel at each site and mixed for 3 L per sample. Microbial community structure, antibiotic resistance, virulence factors, and mobile genetic elements were analyzed through bioinformatic data obtained by metagenomic sequencing and full-length sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Variations in the distribution of bacterial communities between samples and correlation of transmission patterns were analyzed by principal co-ordinates analysis, procrustes analysis, and Mantel test. Results: As the river flowed through Haikou City, microbes' alpha diversity gradually decreased. Among them, Proteobacteria dominates in the bacterial community in the front, middle, and rear sections, and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the middle and rear sections was higher than that in the front segment. The diversity and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes, virulence factors, and mobile genetic elements were all at low levels in the front section and all increased significantly after flow through Haikou City. At the same time, horizontal transmission mediated by mobile genetic elements played a more significant role in the spread of antibiotic-resistance genes and virulence factors. Conclusions: Urbanization significantly impacts river bacteria and the resistance genes, virulence factors, and mobile genetic elements they carry. The Nandu River in Haikou flows through the city, receiving antibiotic-resistant and pathogen-associated bacteria excreted by the population. In contrast, antibiotic-resistant genes and virulence factors are enriched in bacteria, which indicates a threat to environmental health and public health. Comparison of river microbiomes and antibiotic resistance genomes before and after flow through cities is a valuable early warning indicator for monitoring the spread of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Fan
- Department of Diarrheal Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Z P Li
- Department of Diarrheal Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X J Yu
- Inspection and Testing Institute, Hainan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - Z Li
- Department of Diarrheal Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - H J Zhou
- Department of Diarrheal Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Y L Zhang
- Inspection and Testing Institute, Hainan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - X T Gan
- Inspection and Testing Institute, Hainan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - D Hua
- Inspection and Testing Institute, Hainan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou 570203, China
| | - X Lu
- Department of Diarrheal Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - B Kan
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China
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Zhang HY, Tian Z, Tang S, Zhou HJ, Fan FX, Kan B. [Establishment and evaluation of a method for phages enrichment by ferric trichloride-polyvinylidene fluoride membrane filter]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:443-450. [PMID: 36655356 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20221115-01110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To establish and evaluate a method of enriching bacteriophages in natural water based on ferric trichloride-polyvinylidene fluoride (FeCl3-PVDF)membrane filter. Methods: Based on the principle of flocculation concentration, the method of recovering bacteriophage from water sample was established by using iron ion flocculation combined with membrane filter. The titer of phage was determined by Agar double layer method. The recovery efficiency of phage was detected by phage fluorescence staining and real-time fluorescence PCR reaction. Water samples from different sources were collected for simulation experiment to evaluate the enrichment effect. At the same time, the sewage discharged from hospitals was taken as the actual water sample, and the common clinical drug-resistant bacteria were used as the host indicator bacteria to further analyze the enrichment effect of FeCl3-PVDF membrane filter rapid enrichment method on the bacteriophage in natural water samples. Results: The method of enrichment of bacteriophages in natural water by iron ion concentration 50 mg/L and PVDF membrane filter was established. The recovery rate of this method for bacteriophage was 93%-100%. Under the multi-functional microscope, it was found that the bacteriophage of the enriched water sample increased significantly and the fluorescence value of the enriched water sample determined by the enzyme labeling instrument was about 13 times as high as that before enrichment. After concentration of the actual water samples from the hospital drainage, the positive rate of bacteriophage isolation in the concentrated group and the non-concentrated group was 23% and 4%, and the fluorescence value in the concentrated group was 2-24 times as high as that of the non-concentrated group. Conclusion: The method of FeCl3-PVDF membrane filter is a simple, efficient and rapid method for enriching bacteriophages in different water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Z Tian
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Beijing 100085, China
| | - S Tang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, Beijing 100021, China
| | - H J Zhou
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China
| | - F X Fan
- Department of Diarrheal Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China
| | - B Kan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China
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Li Y, Pang B, Du XL, Hu JR, Li ZP, Chen YY, Wang Y, Cui ZG, Zhou HJ, Kan B. [Drug resistance and genomic characteristics of a strain of O139 Vibrio cholerae isolated from human bloodstream infection]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:93-100. [PMID: 36854443 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20230119-00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the drug resistance and genomic characteristics of a strain of serogroup O139 Vibrio cholerae producing cholera toxin isolated from the bloodstream of a person with bacteremia. Methods: The broth dilution method and automatic drug sensitivity analyzer were used to determine the antibiotic sensitivity of the strain. The complete genome sequence of the strain was obtained by using second-generation gene sequencing and nanopore sequencing. BLAST software was used for comparison and analysis with CARD, Resfinder, ISfinder, VFDB, and other databases. The drug-resistant genes, insertion sequences and virulence genes carried by the strain were identified. MEGA 5.1 software was used to construct a genetic phylogenetic tree based on the core genomic single nucleotide polymorphisms. Results: V. cholerae SH400, as the toxigenic strain, carried multiple virulence-related genes and four virulence islands. The strain was resistant to streptomycin, tetracycline and cotrimoxazole, carrying corresponding drug-resistant genes. The strain also carried IncA/C plasmid with the size of 172914 bp and contained 10 drug-resistant genes. Combined with the genomic evolutionary relationship, this study found that the drug-resistant genes and drug-resistant plasmids carried among strains showed certain aggregation. The traditional ST type of strain SH400 was ST69, and the cgMLST type was a new type highly similar to cgST-252. Conclusion: This strain of serogroup O139 V. cholerae carries the ctxAB gene, multiple drug-resistant genes and IncA/C plasmid, and there are multiple drug-resistant islands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Li
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China
| | - B Pang
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X L Du
- Laboratory Central Laboratory of Chinese Pathogen Identification Net, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - J R Hu
- Laboratory Central Laboratory of Chinese Pathogen Identification Net, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Z P Li
- National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Y Y Chen
- Laboratory Central Laboratory of Chinese Pathogen Identification Net, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Y Wang
- Laboratory Central Laboratory of Chinese Pathogen Identification Net, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Z G Cui
- Laboratory Central Laboratory of Chinese Pathogen Identification Net, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - H J Zhou
- Laboratory Central Laboratory of Chinese Pathogen Identification Net, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - B Kan
- School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention/State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 102206, China
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Wu TT, Cen ZK, Zhou HJ, Sun C, Tang P, Zhang Y, Ding QL. [Clinical features and survival analysis of microscopic polyangiitis-associated interstitial lung disease:a retrospective study of 28 patients]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2022; 45:1022-1030. [PMID: 36207959 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20220208-00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the clinical features, laboratory examination and imaging features of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA)-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD), and to perform survival analysis. Methods: The records of 28 patients with MPA-ILD who were treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University were reviewed retrospectively from August 2014 to November 2021. The patients' clinical features, laboratory parameters, pulmonary function test, echocardiography, chest CT scan findings and therapeutic regimen were analyzed, and the relevant data were statistically analyzed. Results: There were 18 males and 10 females, with an average age of (70.1±9.3) years. Among them, 13 patients had a history of smoking. The main clinical manifestations were cough (14/28), fever (12/28), chest tightness, shortness of breath (12/28) and hemoptysis (3/28). Sixteen patients had renal involvement, and 78.57% (22/28) and 89.28% (25/28) of the patients had elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) and ESR respectively. Sixteen (16/28) patients had increased rheumatoid factor (RF), and the positive rate of myeloperoxidase antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (MPO-ANCA) was 82.12% (23/28). 96.43% (27/28) of ILDs were diagnosed before or at the same time as MPA. The chest radiological pattern was mainly usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) or UIP-like (15/28), followed by nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) (8/28). Compared with non-UIP-like patients, UIP or UIP-like patients were older (P=0.018), and had higher serum LDH level (P=0.041), but serum creatinine level was significantly lower (P=0.041). Univariate and multivariate survival analysis showed that inappropriate treatment (HR=9.81, 95%CI: 1.68-57.29, P=0.011) and elevated serum LDH (HR=4.11, 95%CI: 0.99-17.00, P=0.051) were independent risk factors for shortened survival of MPA-ILD, while elevated RF (HR=0.22, 95%CI: 0.06-0.91, P=0.037) was a protective factor for prolonged survival. Conclusions: MPA-ILD patients had fewer systemic vasculitis symptoms. Most of the ILD patients were diagnosed before or at the same time as MPA. The chest radiological pattern was mainly UIP or UIP-like, followed by NSIP. Early use of glucocorticoids combined with immunosuppressant or rituximab could improve the survival rate of MPA-ILD. The elevated serum LDH was an independent risk factor for shortened survival of MPA-ILD, while elevated RF was a protective factor for prolonged survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - Z K Cen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - H J Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - C Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - P Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
| | - Q L Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China
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Zhou HJ, Pan L, Shi H, Luo JW, Wang P, Porter HK, Bi Y, Li M. Willingness to pay for and willingness to vaccinate with the COVID-19 vaccine booster dose in China. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1013485. [PMID: 36204240 PMCID: PMC9530802 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1013485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study aims to assess the willingness to pay (WTP) for and willingness to vaccinate (WTV) with the Coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine booster dose in China when the pandemic is under adequate control and the majority of the population is vaccinated. This study is also to identify significant factors associated with the WTP. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on adults with no past or present COVID-19 infection. An online questionnaire was distributed to collect data on vaccination status, quarantine experience, and factors related to health beliefs on vaccination. The WTV was assessed through the vaccination preference. The WTP was examined by payment scale (PS) and iterative bidding game (IBG) administered in random order. Three IBG algorithms with different starting-price were presented randomly. The average WTP of PS and IBG were analyzed as primary outcomes using univariate and multivariate analyses. Multivariate ordered logistic regression was performed to identify significant factors for the WTP. Results: The survey recruited 543 participants with a mean age of 32 years and 57.80% being female. The WTV rate was 86.74%, while 94.66% of participants completed full-schedule or enhanced vaccination. The mean WTP was CNY 149 (±CNY 197) and the median WTP was CNY 80. Regarding significant factors for the WTP, urban residents were 57% more likely (95% CI: 1.11-2.22) to pay for a high-priced vaccine than rural residents. Respondents who completed full-schedule vaccination were 46% more likely (95% CI: 1.03–2.07) to pay for a high-priced vaccine than those who completed enhanced vaccination. Respondents with a low household income of CNY 40k or lower were 62% less likely (95% CI: 0.21–0.66) to pay for a high-priced vaccine than those with a middle household income of CNY 110k–210k. Other significant factors associated with the WTP included the perceived benefit of vaccination and peer environmental pressure in the health belief model. Conclusion: The WTV with the COVID-19 vaccine booster dose was high in China. The WTP was influenced by the place of residence, vaccination status, household income, perceived benefit of vaccination, and environmental peer pressure. Study findings can inform policymakers to better design vaccination programs and financial schemes involving out-of-pocket payments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jun Zhou
- Department of Public Administration, Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Pan
- Department of Public Administration, Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Public Administration, Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Wei Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Zengcheng Branch, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hannah K. Porter
- College of Pharmacy, Univesity of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Ye Bi
- I.Baby Preconception Care, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghui Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Translational Science, Univesity of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- *Correspondence: Minghui Li,
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Ma X, Li F, Liu WL, Wang XJ, Wang XB, Zhou HJ, Shi GQ. [Combined application of field epidemiology and laboratory etiology analysis in the investigation of a foodborne disease outbreak in Xinjiang uygur Autonomous Region, 2016]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 56:448-452. [PMID: 35488541 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20210427-00421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: To analyze the causes of a foodborne outbreak in rural areas of Xinjiang between April 2 and April 5 in 2016. Methods: Cases and the relevant background information were obtained by consulting outpatient records of local health centers and regional people's hospitals and interviewing doctors and residents. All samples were collected by the laboratory test through epidemiological and food hygiene investigations. The χ2 test (Fisher's exact probability method) was used to compare differences in incidence rates. Molecular typing, virulence genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPS) were analyzed by using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS). Results: A total of 142 cases were found in this study, with incidence rate at 5.7‰ (142/24 979). Among all cases, the main symptoms were nausea (94%), vomiting (92%) and abdominal pain (67%), and the incubation period was about 2 h (1-7.5 h). There were 16 Staphylococcus aureus isolates identified and all of them could produce A+C+E mixed enterotoxin. PFGE showed 100% homology. WGS further revealed that there were 9 and 1 strains contained by Sequence Type 1 (ST1) and ST5405, respectively. All ST1 strains were in the same clade on the genome tree. Among these, 7 strains shared close proximity (74 SNPs) and 2 strains shared close relationships as well (127 SNPs). The S. aureus isolates that caused the outbreak were introduced by a mutant isolate from the milk supply station. Conclusions: This foodborne outbreak was mainly caused by Staphylococcus aureus contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Ma
- Institute of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - F Li
- Health Monitoring and Testing Center, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - W L Liu
- Laboratory Management Office, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - X J Wang
- Tuberculosis and leprosy prevention and treatment center, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830002, China
| | - X B Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control/National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - H J Zhou
- Institute of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830002, China State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control/National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - G Q Shi
- Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
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Zhou HJ, Cui ZG, Kan B. [Application and reflection of laboratory-based monitoring in early warning of infectious diseases]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 56:401-404. [PMID: 35488535 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220225-00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fact that our cognition towards infectious disease prevention, the advanced technology and the economic status of the whole society has made a great progress in the last decade, the outbreak of COVID-19 pneumonia has again enabled the public to acquire more about super-challenges of infectious diseases, epidemics and the relevant preventive measurements. In order to identify the epidemic signals in early stage or even before the onset of epidemic, the data research and utilization of a series of factors related to the occurrence and transmission of infectious diseases have played a significant role in research of prevention and control during the whole period of surveillance and early warning. Laboratory-based monitoring for the etiology has always been an important part of infectious disease warning system due to pathogens as the direct cause of such diseases. China has initially established a laboratory-based monitoring and early warning system for bacterial infectious diseases based on the Chinese Pathogen Identification Network with an aim to identify pathogens, outbreaks and sources. This network has played an essential role in early detection, tracking and precise prevention and control of bacterial infectious diseases, such as plague, cholera, and epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis. This issue focuses on the function of laboratory-based monitoring during the period of early warning, prevention, and control of bacterial infectious diseases, and conducted a wide range of researches based on the analysis of the epidemic and outbreak isolates, together with field epidemiological studies and normal monitoring systems. All of these could illustrate the effect of laboratory surveillance in the infectious disease risk assessment and epidemic investigation. At the same time, we have put forward our review and expectation of scenarios about laboratory-based monitoring and early warning technologies to provide innovative thoughts for promoting a leapfrog development of infectious disease monitoring and early warning system in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control/National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Z G Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control/National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - B Kan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control/National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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10
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Zhou HJ, Kan B. [Advance on research and application of laboratory pathogen monitoring and early warning technology of bacterial infectious diseases]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 56:525-532. [PMID: 35488554 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220212-00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Human beings are still facing the public health challenges from bacterial infectious diseases. Carrying out systematic infectious disease monitoring and early warning is the most direct solution to prevent and control infectious diseases. Etiology is an important part of infectious disease monitoring and early warning. Effective pathogen monitoring can identify pathogens, outbreaks and sources at the first time. In this study, we have reviewed the research and application of etiology monitoring and early warning technology of bacterial infectious diseases and summarized the importance and application scenarios of etiology in infectious disease monitoring and early warning, as well as the research progress of etiology monitoring and early warning technology. Based on the work of existing laboratory monitoring networks, such as Chinese Pathogen Identification Network, the development trend and prospect of infectious disease laboratory network monitoring are put forward to provide a reference for establishing and perfecting the infectious disease monitoring and early warning system.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control/National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
| | - B Kan
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control/National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
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Zhou HJ, Cao J, Shi H, Naidoo N, Semba S, Wang P, Fan YF, Zhu SC. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Pan-Genotypic Sofosbuvir-Based Regimens for Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Genotype 1 Infection in China. Front Public Health 2021; 9:779215. [PMID: 34957030 PMCID: PMC8695807 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.779215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 is the most prevalent HCV infection in China. Sofosbuvir-based direct antiviral agent (DAA) regimens are the current mainstays of treatment. Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) and sofosbuvir/ledipasvir (SOF/LDV) regimens became reimbursable in China in 2020. Thus, this study aimed to identify the optimal SOF-based regimen and to inform efficient use of healthcare resources by optimizing DAA use in treating HCV genotype 1. Methods and Models: A modeling-based cost-utility analysis was conducted from the payer's perspective targeting adult Chinese patients with chronic HCV genotype 1 infection. Direct medical costs and health utilities were inputted into a Markov model to simulate lifetime experiences of chronically infected HCV patients after receiving SOF/LDV, SOF/VEL or the traditional strategy of pegylated interferon (pegIFN) + ribavirin (RBV). Discounted lifetime cost and quality adjusted life years (QALYs) were computed and compared to generate the incremental cost utility ratio (ICUR). An ICUR below the threshold of 31,500 $/QALY suggests cost-effectiveness. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the robustness of model findings. Results: Both SOF/LDV and SOF/VEL regimens were dominant to the pegIFN + RBV regimen by creating more QALYs and incurring less cost. SOF/LDV produced 0.542 more QALYs but cost $10,390 less than pegIFN + RBV. Relative to SOF/LDV, SOF/VEL had an ICUR of 168,239 $/QALY which did not meet the cost-effectiveness standard. Therefore SOF/LDV was the optimal strategy. These findings were robust to linear and random variations of model parameters. However, reducing the SOF/VEL price by 40% would make this regimen the most cost-effective option. Conclusions: SOF/LDV was found to be the most cost-effective treatment, and SOF/VEL was also economically dominant to pegIFN + RBV. These findings indicated that replacing pegIFN + RBV with DAA regimens could be a promising strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jun Zhou
- Department of Public Administration, Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Public Administration, Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Shi
- Department of Public Administration, Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Nasheen Naidoo
- Department of Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sherehe Semba
- Department of Public Administration, Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Science, Dar es Salaam University College of Education, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Pei Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of China (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Fan Fan
- Department of Public Administration, Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shui Cheng Zhu
- Department of Public Administration, Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Xie ZJ, Xin SL, Chang C, Zhou HJ, Zhao XF, Liu LJ, Jiao FH, Chen C, Li T. [Efficacy and safety of ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in Chinese patients with acute coronary syndrome treated with glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa receptor antagonist]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2021; 60:544-551. [PMID: 34058811 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20200814-00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) Chinese patients using glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa inhibitor (GPI). Methods: The data from CCC-ACS (Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-ACS) project were systematically reviewed in ACS patients with GPI. The patients were divided into ticagrelor and clopidogrel groups. A logistic analysis and propensity score matching (PSM) were performed to compare occurrences of major cardiovascular events (MACE) and bleeding events between the two groups during hospitalization. Results: A total of 63 641 ACS patients were collected from 150 hospitals. Logistic regression analyses showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the reduction of MACE between ticagrelor and clopidogrel when using GPI (OR=0.881, 95%CI 0.599-1.296; P=0.521). However, major bleeding rate was higher in the ticagrelor group than that in the clopidogrel group (OR=1.401, 95%CI 1.075-1.852; P=0.013). Similar results were observed after PSM. No statistic difference in MACE between the ticagrelor and clopidogrel group (OR=0.919, 95%CI 0.613-1.376; P=0.681). Major bleeding rate was higher in the ticagrelor group (OR=1.559, 95%CI 1.130-2.150; P=0.007). Conclusion: In ACS patients with GPI, ticagrelor did not reduce MACE, but increased the major bleeding risk compared with clopidogrel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z J Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Handan First Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056002, China
| | - S L Xin
- Department of Cardiology, Handan First Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056002, China
| | - C Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Handan First Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056002, China
| | - H J Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Handan First Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056002, China
| | - X F Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Handan First Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056002, China
| | - L J Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Handan First Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056002, China
| | - F H Jiao
- Department of Cardiology, Handan First Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056002, China
| | - C Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Handan First Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056002, China
| | - T Li
- Department of Cardiology, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056001, China
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13
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Wang L, Li HZ, Zhu C, Wang YQ, Zhou HJ, Sun XH, Zhang MZ, Jin L, Du LB. [Results and cost-effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening program among urban residents in Zhejiang province, 2013-2018]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2021; 41:2080-2086. [PMID: 33378820 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200324-00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the results and cost-effectiveness of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program among Zhejiang urban residents so as to provide evidence for further optimization of CRC screening strategies. Methods: Based on the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China which was conducted in Zhejiang province from 2013-2018, data related to the rates on compliance and detection through the CRC screening program among the 40-74 year-old residents were analyzed. Chi-square tests were used to compare the differences among groups, and multivariate logistic regression models were applied to explore the potential risk factors. Cost-effectiveness ratio (CER) was calculated by using the cost per lesion detected as the indicator. Results: Among all the 166 285 participants who completed the risk assessment questionnaire, 21 975 (13.2%) were recognized as under the high risk of CRC and 4 389 (20.0%) of them received the colonoscopy. The detection rates of CRC, advanced adenoma, and non-advance adenoma were 0.3% (11 cases), 2.7% (119 cases), and 5.2% (229 cases), respectively. Results from the multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that factors as age, gender, education level, smoking, drinking alcohol, previous fecal occult blood test (FOBT), polyp history, and family history of CRC were significantly associated with the compliance rate of colonoscopy while age, smoking and polyp history were significantly associated with the detection rate of advanced neoplasms (CRC and advanced adenoma). The costs were ¥22 355.74 Yuan for every CER advanced neoplasm detection and ¥264 204.18 Yuan per CRC detection, respectively. The CER decreased along with ageing. Sensitivity analysis showed that CERs were expected to decrease when the compliance rate of colonoscopy was increasing. Conclusions: The current screening program seems effective in detecting the precancerous colorectal lesions, but the relatively low compliance rate of colonoscopy restricting both the diagnostic yields and economic benefits. It is necessary to improve the awareness and acceptance of colonoscopy among the high-risk CRC population.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital)/Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - H Z Li
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital)/Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - C Zhu
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital)/Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Y Q Wang
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital)/Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - H J Zhou
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital)/Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - X H Sun
- Hwa Mei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - M Z Zhang
- Kecheng District People's Hospital of Quzhou of Zhejiang Province, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - L Jin
- Zhejiang Jinhua Guangfu Hospital, Jinhua 321000, China
| | - L B Du
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital)/Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
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Zhou HJ, Kong LL, Zhu LX, Hu XY, Busye J, Song ZG. Effects of cold stress on growth performance, serum biochemistry, intestinal barrier molecules, and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase in broilers. Animal 2020; 15:100138. [PMID: 33573943 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2020.100138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The homeostasis dysfunctions caused by cold stress remain a threat to intestinal health, particularly for young broiler chickens. We hypothesized that adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was involved in the regulation of cold stress on intestinal health. This study aimed to examine the effect of cold stress for 72 h on growth performance, serum biochemistry, intestinal barrier molecules, and AMPK in broilers. A total of 144 10-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were subjected to temperature treatments (control 28 ± 1 °C vs cold stress 16 ± 1 °C) for 72 h. Growth performance was monitored, serum was collected for the analysis of physiological parameters, and jejunal mucosa was sampled for the determination of tight junction (TJ) proteins, heat shock proteins, and AMPK signaling molecules. Results showed that 72 h cold treatment reduced average BW gain and increased the feed conversion ratio of the broilers (P < 0.05). Cold stress for 72 h increased blood endotoxin, aspartate aminotransferase, glucose, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P < 0.05). Moreover, 72 h cold treatment up-regulated jejunal Occludin, zonula occludin 1, inducible nitric oxide synthase, heat shock factor 1, and AMPKα1 gene expression (P < 0.05) but had no obvious effect on total AMPK protein expression (P > 0.05). In conclusion, cold stress significantly reduced the growth performance of broiler chickens. The intestinal barrier function might be impaired, and enhanced bacterial translocation might occur. The unregulated gene expression of TJ proteins implied the remodeling of intestinal barrier. The change of AMPK suggested the possible relationship between intestinal energy metabolism and barrier function under cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Zhou
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - L L Kong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - L X Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - X Y Hu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - J Busye
- Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Z G Song
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China.
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Gong J, Zhou BY, Liang CB, Zhou HJ, Wang HY, Tan YY, Liu DL. Comparison between tunneling and standard endoscopic submucosal dissection for treatment of large esophageal superficial neoplasm. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2019; 82:469-474. [PMID: 31950800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been established as a standard endoscopic method for treating esophageal superficial neoplasms, and it can be performed using a conventional or a tunneling method. The aim of the present study was to compare the safety and efficacy of tunneling ESD (t-ESD) and standard ESD (s-ESD) for treating large esophageal superficial neoplasms and to explore the risk factors for postoperative strictures. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty-five consecutive patients with large esophageal superficial neoplasms were treated by t-ESD or s-ESD. Demographics, lesion characteristics, procedure-related parameters, and follow-up results were retrospectively collected to compare the efficacy and safety of these procedures. Multivariate analyses were conducted to determine the potential risk factors for postoperative strictures. RESULTS Of the 55 patients, 13 underwent t-ESD and 42 underwent s-ESD. The dissection speed of t-ESD was significantly faster than that of s-ESD (7.42±1.99 min/cm2 vs. 9.01±2.11 min/cm2, P<0.05). En bloc resection was achieved in 98.2% (54/55) of the cases, while R0 resection was achieved in 92.7% (51/55). Curative resection was achieved in 78.2% (43/55) of the cases. Fourteen patients (25.5%) had postoperative strictures, which resolved with endoscopic dilation and/or stent insertion. Circumferential involvement of >3/4 and lesion length of >3 cm were independent risk factors for strictures. CONCLUSIONS T-ESD is a safe and effective method for treating large esophageal superficial neoplasms with a faster dissection speed than s-ESD, but postoperative strictures may be encountered for lesions involving more than three-fourths of the circumference or longer than 3 cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - B Y Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - C B Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - H J Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - H Y Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Y Y Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - D L Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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16
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Teng M, Zhou HJ, Lin L, Lim PH, Yeo D, Goh S, Tjan SY, Lim BP. Cost-effectiveness of hydrotherapy versus land-based therapy in patients with musculoskeletal disorders in Singapore. J Public Health (Oxf) 2019. [PMID: 29534234 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdy044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of hydrotherapy versus land-based therapy in patients with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in Singapore. METHODS A decision-analytic model was constructed to compare the cost-effectiveness of hydrotherapy to land-based therapy over 3 months from societal perspective. Target population comprised patients with low back pain (LBP), osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), total hip replacement (THR) and total knee replacement (TKR). Subgroup analyses were carried out to determine the cost-effectiveness of hydrotherapy in individual MSDs. Relative treatment effects were obtained through a systematic review of published data. RESULTS Compared to land-based therapy, hydrotherapy was associated with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of SGD 27 471 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained, which was below the willingness-to-pay threshold of SGD 70 000 per QALY (one gross domestic product per capita in Singapore in 2015). For the respective MSDs, hydrotherapy were dominant (more effective and less costly) in THR and TKR, cost-effective for LBP and RA, and not cost-effective for OA. Treatment adherence and cost of hydrotherapy were key drivers to the ICER values. CONCLUSIONS Hydrotherapy was a cost-effective rehabilitation compared to land-based therapy for a population with MSDs in Singapore. However, the benefit of hydrotherapy was not observed in patients with OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Teng
- Pharmacy and Therapeutics Office, Group Health Informatics, National Healthcare Group, 3 Fusionopolis Link, #03-08 Nexus@one-north, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui Jun Zhou
- Pharmacy and Therapeutics Office, Group Health Informatics, National Healthcare Group, 3 Fusionopolis Link, #03-08 Nexus@one-north, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Liang Lin
- Pharmacy and Therapeutics Office, Group Health Informatics, National Healthcare Group, 3 Fusionopolis Link, #03-08 Nexus@one-north, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pang Hung Lim
- Rehabilitation Centre Allied Health Services, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Doreen Yeo
- Rehabilitation Centre Allied Health Services, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Suzanne Goh
- Allied Health Services and Pharmacy Operations Division, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Soon Yin Tjan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Boon Peng Lim
- Pharmacy and Therapeutics Office, Group Health Informatics, National Healthcare Group, 3 Fusionopolis Link, #03-08 Nexus@one-north, Singapore, Singapore
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17
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Chen DK, Zhou HJ. [Molecular epidemiology of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in a hospital in Beijing]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 51:896-902. [PMID: 29036991 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To reveal the molecular epidemiological characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) isolated from a three level teaching hospital in Beijing. Methods: Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was carried out to subtyping 375 CRKP isolated in that hospital between May 2010 and October 2015. Fifteen strains were chose based on the PFGE patterns to be analyzed by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) and detection of carbapenem-resistance genes. One strain (A1502) was selected for whole genome sequencing and analyzing. Results: The 375 CRKP were divided into 140 PFGE types, among which five types contained more than five strains. The dominant types were distributed in different time periods and wards. Among the 15 strains tested by MLST and carbapenem-resistance genes detection, 13 were ST11 strains carrying KPC-2 gene. By genome-based typing, A1502 was clustered together with strains from other hospitals of Beijing but far from the strains from Shanghai and Hangzhou. Conclusion: The CRKP epidemic clone (ST11 clone carrying KPC-2) has been spreading within single hospital and across different hospitals in Beijing.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
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Chua HW, Zhou HJ, Khoo CM, Shabbir A, Lomanto D, So JB. Attitudes and Concerns of Diabetic Patients towards Bariatric Surgery as Treatment of Diabetes. Ann Acad Med Singap 2016; 45:495-506. [PMID: 27922143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bariatric surgery is increasingly recognised as an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes that significantly improves glycaemic control, even achieving remission. This study examined perceptions and concerns of diabetic patients towards bariatric surgery as a treatment option for diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 150 patients were recruited from a specialised diabetic outpatient clinic and completed a questionnaire (items were rated on a Likert scale from slightly important [lowest score of 1] to extremely important [maximum score of 5]). Logistic regression was performed to identify factors influencing decision for surgery. RESULTS The 74 males and 76 females had mean age of 50 (range 20 to 78) and body mass index (BMI) of 29.6 kg/m2 (range 18.1 to 51); 61% considered surgery favourably. Predictive factors for interest in surgery: higher educational levels (OR = 2.3; 95% CI, 1.2 to 4.4), duration of diabetes (OR = 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2 to 1.0) and use of insulin (OR = 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1 to 4.1). Reasons for surgery: desire for remission (Likert scale 4.7 ± 0.7), to prevent complications (Likert scale 4.5 ± 0.9) and to reduce medications (Likert scale 4.3 ± 1.1). For those not keen on surgery, main reasons were fear of surgery (Likert scale 4 ± 1.5) and satisfaction with current therapy (Likert scale 3.7 ± 1.6). CONCLUSION Many diabetic patients would consider surgery as an option to improve their metabolic disorder (greater interest in patients with higher educational levels, currently using insulin and with shorter duration of diabetes). Surgical complications, length of recovery and duration of benefits were the main concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wen Chua
- Department of General Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore
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Qian MY, Li RH, Li J, Wedwitschka H, Nelles M, Stinner W, Zhou HJ. Industrial scale garage-type dry fermentation of municipal solid waste to biogas. Bioresour Technol 2016; 217:82-89. [PMID: 26970693 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study was to through monitoring the 1st industrial scale garage-type dry fermentation (GTDF) MSW biogas plant in Bin County, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, China, to investigate its anaerobic digestion (AD) performance and the stability of process. After a monitoring period of 180days, the results showed that the volumetric biogas production of the digesters and percolate tank was 0.72 and 2.22m(3) (m(3)d)(-1), respectively, and the specific biogas yield of the feedstock was about 270m(3)CH4tVS(-1), which indicated that the GTDF is appropriate for the Chinese MSW. This paper also raised some problems aimed at improving the process stability and AD efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Qian
- Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum - Beijing (CUPB), No. 18, Fuxue Road, Changping District, Beijing 102200, China; Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - R H Li
- Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum - Beijing (CUPB), No. 18, Fuxue Road, Changping District, Beijing 102200, China
| | - J Li
- Heilongjiang Longneng Weiye Environment and Technology Shares Co., LTD, Floor 17, Science & Technology Plaza, Songbei District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - H Wedwitschka
- Biochemical Conversion Department, Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gGmbH (DBFZ), Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany
| | - M Nelles
- Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum - Beijing (CUPB), No. 18, Fuxue Road, Changping District, Beijing 102200, China; Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, 18059 Rostock, Germany; Biochemical Conversion Department, Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gGmbH (DBFZ), Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany
| | - W Stinner
- Biochemical Conversion Department, Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gGmbH (DBFZ), Torgauer Straße 116, D-04347 Leipzig, Germany
| | - H J Zhou
- Institute of New Energy, China University of Petroleum - Beijing (CUPB), No. 18, Fuxue Road, Changping District, Beijing 102200, China.
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Wu JT, Zhou J, Naidoo N, Yang WY, Lin XC, Wang P, Ding JQ, Wu CB, Zhou HJ. Determining the cost-effectiveness of endoscopic surveillance for gastric cancer in patients with precancerous lesions. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2016; 12:359-368. [PMID: 27452189 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM To identify the optimal strategy for gastric cancer (GC) prevention by evaluating the cost-effectiveness of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)-based preventive strategies. METHODS We conducted a model-based cost-effectiveness analysis. Adopting a healthcare payer's perspective, Markov models simulated the clinical experience of the target population (Singaporean Chinese 50-69 years old) undergoing endoscopic screening, endoscopic surveillance and usual care of do-nothing. The screening strategy examined the cohort every alternate year whereas the surveillance strategy provided annual EGD only to people with precancerous lesions. For each strategy, discounted lifetime costs ($) and quality adjusted life years (QALY) were estimated and compared to generate incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify influential parameters and quantify the impact of model uncertainties. RESULTS Annual EGD surveillance with an ICER of $34 200/QALY was deemed cost-effective for GC prevention within the Singapore healthcare system. To inform implementation, the models identified six influential factors and their respective thresholds, namely discount rate (<4.20%), age of starting surveillance (>51.6 years), proportion of program cost in delivering endoscopy (<65%), cost of follow-up EGD (<$484), utility of stage 1 GC patients (>0.72) and odds ratio of GC for high-risk subjects (>3.93). The likelihood that surveillance is the most cost-effective strategy is 69.5% accounting for model uncertainties. CONCLUSION Endoscopic surveillance of gastric premalignancies can be a cost-effective strategy for GC prevention. Its implementation requires careful assessment on factors influencing the actual cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Tong Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Fuzhou General Hospital, Pu Tian City Fu Jian province, PR China
| | - Jun Zhou
- First Affiliated Hospital of Fuzhou General Hospital, Pu Tian City Fu Jian province, PR China
| | - Nasheen Naidoo
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Wen Yu Yang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Fuzhou General Hospital, Pu Tian City Fu Jian province, PR China
| | - Xiao Cheng Lin
- First Affiliated Hospital of Fuzhou General Hospital, Pu Tian City Fu Jian province, PR China
| | - Pei Wang
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jin Qin Ding
- First Affiliated Hospital of Fuzhou General Hospital, Pu Tian City Fu Jian province, PR China
| | - Chen Bin Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Fuzhou General Hospital, Pu Tian City Fu Jian province, PR China
| | - Hui Jun Zhou
- Pharmacy and Therapeutics Office, Group Corporate Development, National Healthcare Group, Singapore
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Wang YJ, Zhou HJ, Wei B, Liu GL, Zheng Y, Zhang Y, Hao CX, Kang HQ, Yuan Y, Lu XL. [Clinical characteristics analysis of 120 cases of pediatric spinal cord injury without radiologic abnormality]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 96:122-5. [PMID: 26792695 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the epidemiologic characteristics of pediatric spinal cord injury without radiologic abnormality. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed and 120 cases of children with spinal cord injury without radiologic abnormality were admitted in China Rehabilitation Research Center from January 2005 to December 2014.The gender, age, causes of injury, injury condition and complication were analyzed. All cases were divided into two groups (0-7 years old and 8-13 years old) according to age. RESULTS One hundred and twenty cases included 31 boys (25.8%) and 89 girls (74.2%). Most of the children were 0-7 years old (96 cases, 80.0%). The top 3 causes of spinal cord injury were sports activities (60 cases, 50.0%), traffic accident (25 cases, 29.2%) and other trauma (11 cases, 12.5%). Seventy-one cases were low-energy injury (59.2%) and 49 cases were high-energy trauma (40.8%), most of low-energy injury were completely injured (56 cases, 78.9%). The complication rate was 59.2% and the top 3 complications were urinary infection (35 cases, 29.2%), hydronephrosis (12 cases, 10.0%) and pressure ulcers (10 cases, 8.3%). CONCLUSION It is needed to pay more attention to pediatric spinal cord injury without radiologic abnormality caused by low-energy injury, especially children aged 0-7 years old with history of slight injury, and be careful about spinal cord injury without radiologic abnormality result from high-energy damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Wang
- Department of Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing Charity Hospital, School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100068, China
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Lin L, Lim WS, Zhou HJ, Khoo AL, Tan KT, Chew AP, Foo D, Chin JJ, Lim BP. Clinical and Safety Outcomes of Oral Antithrombotics for Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015; 16:1103.e1-19. [PMID: 26527225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) expanded the options for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF). Earlier studies comparing their relative effectiveness and safety typically do not incorporate age-related differences or postmarketing studies. This study aimed to summarize and compare clinical and safety outcomes of oral antithrombotics for stroke prevention in AF in younger (65-74 years) and older (≥75 years) elderly. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, and The Cochrane Library from inception through May 1, 2015, for randomized and nonrandomized studies comparing NOACs, warfarin, and aspirin in elderly with AF. Stroke and systemic embolism (SSE) and major bleeding (MB) are the main outcomes. We also studied secondary outcomes of ischemic stroke, all-cause mortality, intracranial bleeding, and gastrointestinal bleeding. RESULTS Of 5255 publications identified, 25 randomized controlled trials and 24 nonrandomized studies of 897,748 patients were included. NOACs reduced the risk of SSE compared with warfarin (rate ratios [RRs] range from 0.78-0.82). Relative to SSE, NOACs demonstrated a smaller benefit for ischemic stroke (dabigatran 110 mg, RR 1.08; edoxaban, 1.00; apixaban, 0.99). On the contrary, aspirin was associated with a significantly higher risk of SSE, ischemic stroke, and mortality than warfarin or NOACs (RR > 1), particularly in older elderly. Regarding safety, medium-dose aspirin (100-300 mg daily) and aspirin/clopidogrel combination showed an increased risk of MB compared with warfarin (RR 1.17 and 1.15, respectively), as per dabigatran 150 mg and rivaroxaban in older elderly (RR 1.17 and 1.12, respectively). Among the NOACs, dabigatran 150 mg conferred greater gastrointestinal bleeding risk compared with warfarin (RR 1.51), whereas rivaroxaban (RR 0.73) demonstrated less benefit of reduced intracranial bleeding than other NOACs (RRs range 0.39-0.46). CONCLUSIONS Lower rates of SSE and intracranial bleeding were observed with the NOACs compared with warfarin. Dabigatran 150 mg and rivaroxaban were associated with higher rates of MB in older elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Lin
- Pharmacy and Therapeutics Office, Group Corporate Development, National Healthcare Group, Singapore.
| | - Wee Shiong Lim
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Geriatrics and Active Aging, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Hui Jun Zhou
- Pharmacy and Therapeutics Office, Group Corporate Development, National Healthcare Group, Singapore
| | - Ai Leng Khoo
- Pharmacy and Therapeutics Office, Group Corporate Development, National Healthcare Group, Singapore
| | - Keng Teng Tan
- Department of Pharmacy, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Aik Phon Chew
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Geriatrics and Active Aging, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - David Foo
- Department of Cardiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jing Jih Chin
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Geriatrics and Active Aging, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Boon Peng Lim
- Pharmacy and Therapeutics Office, Group Corporate Development, National Healthcare Group, Singapore
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Zheng Q, Liu Y, Zhou HJ, Du YT, Zhang BP, Zhang J, Miao GY, Liu B, Zhang H. X-ray radiation promotes the metastatic potential of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells via modulation of biomechanical and cytoskeletal properties. Hum Exp Toxicol 2015; 34:894-903. [PMID: 25586002 DOI: 10.1177/0960327114561664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the metastatic potential of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) cells after X-ray irradiation as well as radiation-induced changes in the biomechanical properties and cytoskeletal structure that are relevant to metastasis. Tca-8113 TSCC cells were X-ray-irradiated at increasing doses (0, 1, 2, or 4 Gy), and 24 h later, migration was evaluated with the wound healing and transwell migration assays, while invasion was assessed with the Matrigel invasion assay. Confocal and atomic force microscopy were used to examine changes in the structure of the actin cytoskeleton and Young's modulus (cell stiffness), respectively. X-ray radiation induced dose-dependent increases in invasive and migratory potentials of cells relative to unirradiated control cells (p < 0.05). The Young's modulus of irradiated cells was decreased by radiation exposure (p < 0.05), which was accompanied by alterations in the integrity and organization of the cytoskeletal network, as evidenced by a decrease in the signal intensity of actin fibers (p < 0.05). X-ray irradiation enhanced migration and invasiveness in Tca-8113 TSCC cells by altering their biomechanical properties and the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. A biomechanics-based analysis can provide an additional platform for assessing tumor response to radiation and optimization of cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Zheng
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - H J Zhou
- School of Stomatology, Northwest University for Nationalities, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Y T Du
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - B P Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - J Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - G Y Miao
- Department of Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - B Liu
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China Corresponding authors with equal contribution
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, People's Republic of China Corresponding authors with equal contribution
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Zhang GG, Yang ZB, Wang Y, Yang WR, Zhou HJ. Effects of dietary supplementation of multi-enzyme on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, small intestinal digestive enzyme activities, and large intestinal selected microbiota in weanling pigs. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:2063-9. [PMID: 24663197 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-6672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of dietary supplementation of an exogenous multi-enzyme (EME) preparation to 35- to 65-d-old piglets on apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD), growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, and selected microbial populations in feces. In Exp.1, twenty eight 35-d-old piglets were randomly assigned to 7 dietary treatments (corn-soybean based diet supplemented with 0, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, or 350 mg EME/kg) in a 14-d digestibility study. Piglets fed the diets supplemented with EME had greater ATTD of DM, CP, and GE (P = 0.001, 0.005, and 0.009, respectively) than those fed the diet without EME supplementation, and those ATTD values increased linearly and quadratically (P < 0.001) as the levels of supplemented EME increased. In Exp. 2, two hundred 35-d-old weanling piglets were randomly allocated to 20 pens. The pens were then randomly assigned to 5 dietary treatments (corn-soybean based diet supplemented with 0, 100, 150, 250, or 350 mg EME/kg) with 4 pens per treatment in a 30-d feeding experiment. Piglets has ad libitum access to diets and water, and they were weighed at the beginning (35-d-old), middle (50-d-old), and end (65-d-old) of the experiment. Fecal samples were grabbed directly from the rectum and digesta samples from duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were taken at the end of the experiment for the analysis of selected bacteria populations and digestive-enzyme activities. The ADG and ADFI tended to be greater with the increasing levels of supplemented EME in both periods, whereas G:F was improved (P = 0.012 and 0.017) by EME in the period of 35 to 50 d of age and during the overall experimental period. Furthermore, inclusion of EME in diet increased the counts of Lactobacilli spp. and Bacillus subtilis spp., but reduced the populations of Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli spp. in the feces. The EME supplementation also enhanced (P < 0.05) the activities of amylase, lipase, and protease in the small intestine. The growth performance-enhancing effects of EME appeared to be mediated by the age of the piglet and the dose of EME used. Supplementation of corn-soybean meal diets for 35- to 65-d-old piglets with EME has a potential to enhance gut health condition, increase nutrient digestion, and increase growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- G G Zhang
- Animal Sciences and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-an, Shandong, 271018, P. R. China
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Zhou HJ, Dan YY, Naidoo N, Li SC, Yeoh KG. A cost-effectiveness analysis evaluating endoscopic surveillance for gastric cancer for populations with low to intermediate risk. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83959. [PMID: 24386314 PMCID: PMC3873968 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) surveillance based on oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) appears to be a promising strategy for GC prevention. By evaluating the cost-effectiveness of endoscopic surveillance in Singaporean Chinese, this study aimed to inform the implementation of such a program in a population with a low to intermediate GC risk. METHODS USING A REFERENCE STRATEGY OF NO OGD INTERVENTION, WE EVALUATED FOUR STRATEGIES: 2-yearly OGD surveillance, annual OGD surveillance, 2-yearly OGD screening and 2-yearly screening plus annual surveillance in Singaporean Chinese aged 50-69 years. From a perspective of the healthcare system, Markov models were built to simulate the life experience of the target population. The models projected discounted lifetime costs ($), quality adjusted life year (QALY), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) indicating the cost-effectiveness of each strategy against a Singapore willingness-to-pay of $46,200/QALY. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were used to identify the influential variables and their associated thresholds, and to quantify the influence of parameter uncertainties respectively. RESULTS With an ICER of $44,098/QALY, the annual OGD surveillance was the optimal strategy while the 2-yearly surveillance was the most cost-effective strategy (ICER = $25,949/QALY). The screening-based strategies were either extendedly dominated or cost-ineffective. The cost-effectiveness heterogeneity of the four strategies was observed across age-gender subgroups. Eight influential parameters were identified each with their specific thresholds to define the choice of optimal strategy. Accounting for the model uncertainties, the probability that the annual surveillance is the optimal strategy in Singapore was 44.5%. CONCLUSION Endoscopic surveillance is potentially cost-effective in the prevention of GC for populations at low to intermediate risk. Regarding program implementation, a detailed analysis of influential factors and their associated thresholds is necessary. Multiple strategies should be considered in order to recommend the right strategy for the right population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jun Zhou
- School of Public Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yock Young Dan
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nasheen Naidoo
- School of Public Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shu Chuen Li
- Discipline of Pharmacy & Experimental Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Khay Guan Yeoh
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
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Zhou HJ, Li SC, Naidoo N, Zhu F, Yeoh KG. Empirical evidence of the continuing improvement in cost efficiency of an endoscopic surveillance programme for gastric cancer in Singapore from 2004 to 2010. BMC Health Serv Res 2013; 13:139. [PMID: 23587354 PMCID: PMC3637081 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6963-13-139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endoscopic surveillance has been proven effective in prolonging the survival of gastric cancer (GC) patients. However, there is limited evidence on the cost efficiency of delivering this intervention, especially on a national level in spite of cost efficiency being a major determinant of the actual cost-effectiveness of a cancer prevention programme. The Singapore Gastric Cancer Epidemiology Clinical and Genetic Programme (GCEP) is a demonstration project offering scheduled endoscopy to the Chinese population aged 50 years or older in Singapore. By assessing the cost efficiency of the GCEP, this study aimed to provide empirical evidence on the cost structure and mechanisms underlying cost generation in conducting GC surveillance, thus informing resource allocation and programme budgeting for the Singapore government. Methods From a societal perspective, we reported on the direct cost (resource consumption) of conducting endoscopic surveillance through the GCEP network. We retrospectively collected individual-level data of 216 subjects recruited at the National University Hospital, Singapore from 01/04/2004 to 31/10/2010. The Overall Cost, Clinical Cost, GCEP Cost and Personal Cost incurred in serving one subject was computed and discounted as 2004 US dollar (US$) per capita for every year. The Generalized Estimation Equation (GEE) was used to model the data. Results All cost indices continuously declined over the 6.5-year costing period. For the total sample, Overall Cost, Clinical Cost, GCEP Cost and Personal Cost declined by 42.3%, 54.1%, 30% and 25.7% respectively. This downward trend existed for age and gender subgroups and the high risk group only with cost reductions varying between 3.5% and 58.4%. The GEE models confirmed statistical significance of the downward trend and of its association with risk profile, where the moderate risk group had cost indices at most 77% of the high risk group. Conclusions Our study offered empirical evidence of improved cost efficiency of a surveillance programme for GC in the early phase of programme implementation. Mechanisms such as economies of scale and self-learning were found to be involved in the cost reduction. Our findings highlighted the importance of assessing the cost efficiency and offered valuable insights for future programme budgeting and policy making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jun Zhou
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, MD3, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore, Singapore
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Zhou HJ, So JBY, Yong WP, Luo N, Zhu F, Naidoo N, Li SC, Yeoh KG. Validation of the functional assessment of cancer therapy-gastric module for the Chinese population. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2012. [PMID: 23194009 PMCID: PMC3520860 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-10-145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Quality of life (QoL) assessment has become an important aspect of the clinical management of gastric cancer (GC), which poses a greater health threat in Chinese populations around the world. Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Gastric Module (FACT-Ga), a questionnaire developed specifically to measure QoL of patients with GC, has never been validated in Chinese subjects. The current study was designed to examine the psychometric properties of FACT-Ga as a GC specific QoL instrument for its future use in Chinese populations. Methods A sample of 67 Chinese patients with GC in the National University Hospital, Singapore was investigated cross-sectionally. The participants independently completed either English or Chinese versions of the FACT-Ga and the European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D). Reliability was measured as the Cronbach’s α for EQ-5D, and five subscale scores and two total scores of FACT-Ga. The sensitivity to patients’ clinical status was evaluated by comparing EQ-5D and FACT-Ga scores between clinical subgroups classified by Clinical Stage and Treatment Intent. The construct validity of FACT-Ga was assessed internally by examining the item-to-scale correlations and externally by contrasting the FACT-Ga subscales with the EQ-5D domains. Results For both FACT-Ga and EQ-5D, patients treated with curative intent rated their QoL higher than those treated for palliation, and early stage patients scored higher than those in the late stage. The sensitivity to clinical status of FACT-Ga scores were differential as four of seven FACT-Ga scores were significant for Treatment Intent while only one subscale score was significant for Clinical Stage. Six FACT-Ga scores had Cronbach’s α of 0.8 or above indicating excellent reliability. For construct validity, 45 of 46 items converged about their respective subscales. The monotrait-multimethod correlations between QoL constructs of FACT-Ga and EQ-5D were stronger than the multitrait-multimethod correlations as theoretically hypothesized, suggesting good convergent and discriminant validities. Conclusions Given the excellent reliability and good construct validity, FACT-Ga scores are able to distinguish patient groups with different clinical characteristics in the expected direction. Therefore FACT-Ga can be used as a discriminative instrument for measuring QoL of Chinese patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jun Zhou
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, Block MD3, Singapore 117597, Singapore
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Li XY, Swaggerty CL, Kogut MH, Chiang HI, Wang Y, Genovese KJ, He H, Pevzner IY, Zhou HJ. Caecal transcriptome analysis of colonized and non-colonized chickens within two genetic lines that differ in caecal colonization by Campylobacter jejuni. Anim Genet 2011; 42:491-500. [PMID: 21906100 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2010.02168.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common causes of human bacterial enteritis worldwide. The molecular mechanisms of the host responses of chickens to C. jejuni colonization are not well understood. We have previously found differences in C. jejuni colonization at 7-days post-inoculation (pi) between two genetic broiler lines. However, within each line, not all birds were colonized by C. jejuni (27.5% colonized in line A, and 70% in line B). Therefore, the objective of the present experiments was to further define the differences in host gene expression between colonized and non-colonized chickens within each genetic line. RNA isolated from ceca of colonized and non-colonized birds within each line was applied to a chicken 44K Agilent microarray for the pair comparison. There were differences in the mechanisms of host resistant to C. jejuni colonization between line A and line B. Ten times more differentially expressed genes were observed between colonized and non-colonized chickens within line B than those within line A. Our study supports the fact that the MAPK pathway is important in host response to C. jejuni colonization in line B, but not in line A. The data indicate that inhibition of small GTPase-mediated signal transduction could enhance the resistance of chickens to C. jejuni colonization and that the tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily genes play important roles in determining C. jejuni non-colonization in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Li
- Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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30
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Lin LY, Wong VWS, Zhou HJ, Chan HY, Gui HL, Guo SM, Wang H, Huang L, Bao SS, Xie Q, Chan HLY. Relationship between serum hepatitis B virus DNA and surface antigen with covalently closed circular DNA in HBeAg-negative patients. J Med Virol 2010; 82:1494-500. [PMID: 20648602 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) is responsible for viral persistence. This study aimed to investigate the serum surrogate markers for cccDNA and to evaluate the intrahepatic viral events associated with disease activity in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B patients. Thirty-three treatment-naïve patients with a negative HBeAg who had a liver biopsy were studied. Active disease was defined as a serum alanine aminotransferase >40 IU/L and a serum HBV DNA >10,000 copies/ml. This study showed significant correlation between serum HBV DNA and both log cccDNA (r = 0.41, P = 0.018) and log total intrahepatic HBV DNA (r = 0.71, P < 0.0001). No significant correlation was observed between serum HBsAg and log cccDNA (P = 0.15) or log total intrahepatic HBV DNA (P = 0.97). Fourteen and 19 patients had inactive and active disease, respectively. The median log cccDNA and log total intrahepatic HBV DNA (copies/10(6) cells) were significantly higher in patients with active disease compared with those with inactive disease (4.11 vs. 3.53, P = 0.03 and 5.46 vs. 4.64, P < 0.001, respectively). The HBV replicative efficiency, defined as the ratio of serum HBV DNA to cccDNA, was approximately 20% higher in patients with active disease. No significant difference was observed in the HBsAg levels and the ratio of serum HBsAg to cccDNA between the two groups. In conclusion, serum HBV DNA, but not HBsAg, reflects the amount of cccDNA and the replication efficiency of HBV in patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Yang J, Hu XP, Xu P, Lv XJ, Zhang C, Zhao G, Zhou HJ, Zhu SN. Chirped-quasi-periodic structure for quasi-phase-matching. Opt Express 2010; 18:14717-14723. [PMID: 20639957 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.014717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We propose in this paper a chirped-quasi-periodic structure using the projection method. This type of new structure combines the advantages of chirped and quasi-periodic structures, and can be used for both multiple quasi-phase-matching and multiple bandwidths control. Numerical simulation of second-harmonic generation performance is in good agreement with the Fourier spectrum of the structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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Gui HL, Wang H, Yang YH, Wu YW, Zhou HJ, Guo SM, Lin LY, Wang L, Cai W, Chen R, Guo Q, Zhou XQ, Bao SS, Xie Q. Significant histopathology in Chinese chronic hepatitis B patients with persistently high-normal alanine aminotransferase. J Viral Hepat 2010; 17 Suppl 1:44-50. [PMID: 20586933 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2010.01270.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Current guidelines recommend antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and high viral load. Scant histological data exist for CHB patients with persistently normal ALT (PNALT) because disease progression is thought to be rare. To identify potential predictors of significant histology in the presence of PNALT, we compared the clinical characteristics and histology of Chinese CHB PNALT patients to those in patients with elevated ALT. Percutaneous liver biopsy was performed in 522 CHB patients with Chinese ethnicity who had not had antiviral treatment. Differences in age, ALT, viral load, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) status and liver histology were compared between eligible PNALT (252) and elevated ALT (270) patients. Of the PNALT patients, 38.5% had normal liver histology, 25.4% had significant necroinflammation and/or fibrosis and 8.4% had established cirrhosis. Furthermore, histopathological differences between patients with high-normal ALT (0.5-1.0 x the upper limit of normal (ULN)) and low-normal ALT (≤ 0.5 x ULN) were evaluated. There was a significantly greater prevalence of histopathology in the high-normal group (40.0%) than in the low-normal group (16.6%) (P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression identified that significant histopathology findings in PNALT patients correlated with age (P < 0.001) and ALT level (P < 0.001), with age >40 years and ALT >0.5 x ULN predicting significant histopathology. Our data indicate that liver biopsy is recommended in CHB patients >40 years of age, particularly when their ALT is 0.5-1.0 x ULN. The findings above provide evidence for indication of antiviral therapy in patients with PNALT and significant histopathological change.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Gui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Pan JW, Zhou HJ, Zhan RY, Wan S, Yan M, Fan WJ, Wu ZX, Zheng SS. Supratentorial Brain AVM Embolization with Onyx-18 and Post-Embolization Management. A Single-Center Experience. Interv Neuroradiol 2009; 15:275-82. [PMID: 20465910 DOI: 10.1177/159101990901500304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Accepted: 06/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY Onyx is increasingly used in endovascular therapy of intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). However, the embolic effect and post-embolization management are still under discussion. We report our experience in the treatment of supratentorial brain arteriovenous malformations (SBAVMs) with Onyx and discuss post-embolic management. From June 2006 to July 2008, 20 patients with SBAVM were embolized with Onyx. There were 14 men and six women ranging from 14 to 64 years of age (mean 38.3 years). Initial symptoms included spontaneous hemorrhage (n=12), headaches (n=4), seizure (n=3) and incidentally disclosed after head trauma (n=1). After the endovascular procedure, all had subsequent treatment (follow-up angiogram, stereotactic radiosurgery or microsurgery) according to the obliteration degree. At angiography, seven patients (35%, 7/20) were completely obliterated (over 95% closure) after embolization while one suffered a small subarachnoid hemorrhage without permanent clinical sequelae. Four patients (20%, 4/20) were subtotally obliterated (over 80% closure), one patient who suffered severe cerebral edema after embolization underwent decompressive craniectomy, two patients had additional radiosurgery and one patient had follow-up angiogram. Nine patients (45%, 9/20) were partially obliterated (20-80% closure), five patients had additional surgery, two patients had additional radiosurgery and two patients had follow-up angiogram (one patient had intraventricular hemorrhage three months after embolization). Of all 20 AVMs, an average of 2.2 ml Onyx was used per patient and average volume reduction was 80% (range, 30%-99%). Onyx is suitable for embolization of SBAVMs because of its diffuse controllable properties. We suggest clinical follow-up after complete obliteration, additional radiosurgery or angiographic follow-up after subtotal obliteration and additional surgery after partially obliteration. More cases with long-term follow-up are needed to evaluate the long-term prognosis of our post-embolization management.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; Hangzhou, China - or
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Ye XJ, Zhao RB, Hou DL, Zhao XY, Meng HJ, Zhou HJ, Li XL, Zhen CM, Tang GD. Magnetic properties in Co and Mn-doped ZnO powders and thin films. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2009; 9:951-954. [PMID: 19441429 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2009.c061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Zn0.86Co0.14O powder and thin films were prepared by standard solid-state reaction processes and radio-frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. Magnetic measurements indicate that the powder is paramagnetic for temperatures above 3 K, while the thin films annealed in vacuum are ferromagnetic at room temperature. The saturated magnetization was found to be about 0.6 microB/Co, while the coercive force was found to be 200 Oe at room temperature. The very similar results were also obtained in Zn0.96Mn0.04O powder and thin films. Such different results for the powder and thin films indicate that growth conditions and defects play an important role in producing ferromagnetism.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Ye
- Department of Physics, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050016, Hebei, China
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Yin L, Chen CQ, Peng CH, Chen GM, Zhou HJ, Han BS, Li HW. Primary small-bowel non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a study of clinical features, pathology, management and prognosis. J Int Med Res 2007; 35:406-15. [PMID: 17593870 DOI: 10.1177/147323000703500316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The records of 34 patients diagnosed with primary small bowel non-Hodgkin's lymphoma during a 10-year period between January 1996 and December 2005, including 27 cases for which complete follow-up records were available, were studied. Abdominal pain (70.6% of patients) was the main presenting symptom, followed by intestinal obstruction (38.2%). The most common primary site was the ileum (58.8%), followed by the jejunum (26.5%) and duodenum (17.6%); one case had tumours at two sites in the small bowel. Twenty-seven patients had small bowel B-cell lymphoma (24 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; three mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue B-cell lymphoma) and seven patients had small bowel T-cell lymphoma. Cumulative survival in patients with small bowel B-cell lymphoma was higher than that in patients with small bowel T-cell lymphoma. Data on 16 male and eight female patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma showed that 62.5% of these patients presented with disease stages I or II and 37.5% with stages III or IV. Cumulative survival in patients at stages IE or IIE was significantly higher than that of patients at stages IIIE or IVE. Four of five patients who died from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma had abnormal levels of lactate dehydrogenase and serum albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Wang SP, Zhou HJ, Chen XP, Ren GY, Ruan XX, Zhang Y, Zhang RL, Chen J. Loss of expression of Kruppel-like factor 6 in primary hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoma cell lines. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2007; 26:117-24. [PMID: 17550140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
KLF6 (Zf9, COPEB), an ubiquitous transcription factor, maps to chromosome 10p. Recently, KLF6 was found to have a more generalized role in tumorigenesis as a candidate tumor suppressor gene for some tumors. However, results from other published studies seem not to be in agreement with data from previous studies. Gene-expression analysis is increasingly important in biological research. Loss of expression is one of the mechanisms to functionally inactivate a tumor suppressor gene. To investigate the expression change of KLF6 gene associated with HCC as a step toward a better understanding of the molecular pathophysiology, and to provide the basis for analysis of KLF6 gene in HCC carcinogenesis. We analyzed the expression of KLF6 mRNA in 26 samples of HCC tissues and hepatoma cell lines(Hep3B and HepG2) detected by Real-Time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and conventional RT-PCR assay. To confirm and extend the data obtained at RNA level, we performed detailed immunoblotting analysis on HCC tissues and hepatoma cell lines using a rabbit polyclonal antibody specific for KLF6. NKLF6 detected by qRT-PCR from HCC and corresponding noncancerous tissues was 0.04+/-0.038 and 0.116+/-0.101, respectively. These data demonstrated that KLF6 mRNA level was significantly decreased in HCC, compared with corresponding noncancerous tissues (t =3.683 , P<0.001). The frequency of Hepatoma Cell Lines with KLF6 down-regulation detected by conventional PT-PCR, seems to be consistent with a previous study using real-time PCR assays in tumor samples. KLF6 expression levels were determined by Western blot. Compared to the matched surrounding tissues, a clear decrease of KLF6 protein levels in tumor tissues was observable (t=13.59, P<0.001). Hepatoma cell lines also showed low-level of KLF6 protein (P<0.01) expression. Immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry showed a faint diffused staining in the HCC tissues and hepatoma cell lines, and endogenous KLF6 protein was detected mostly in the cytoplasm. KLF6 gene appeared markedly reduced in HCC tissues and hepatoma cell lines. Frequent down-regulation of KLF6 strongly suggested that it is a candidate of tumor suppressor gene for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Wang
- Center of Hepatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, PR China
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Zhang Y, Ji SR, Wu CY, Fan XH, Zhou HJ, Liu GL. Observation of locomotor functional recovery in adult complete spinal rats with BWSTT using semiquantitative and qualitative methods. Spinal Cord 2007; 45:496-501. [PMID: 17211462 DOI: 10.1038/sj.sc.3102013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Experimental rat model of spinal cord transection . SETTING China rehabilitation research center. OBJECTIVE To investigate locomotor functional recovery in spinal rats with BWSTT using semiquantitative and qualitative methods. METHODS Five-day postoperative (dpo), adult female complete spinal rats (at T(8) level) received 40 days of body weight-supported treadmill training (BWSTT). Signs of functional recovery were examined with average combined scores (ACOS) and Basso Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) scales at different time points. RESULTS At 1-dpo, none of the spinal rats exhibited hindlimb movements. The spinal rats displayed functional progress with time, but the rare could recover to full weight-bearing hindlimb at 45-dpo. BBB and ACOS scores in the BWSTT group obtained better scores than those in the spinal cord injury (SCI) group at 30- and 45-dpo. Furthermore, all BBB and ACOS scores of spinal rats reached statistical significance between 7- and 30-dpo, and between 15- and 30-dpo. However, only ACOS but not BBB scores in the SCI and BWSTT groups showed statistics differences between 15- and 45-dpo, and between 30- and 45-dpo. The Spearman correlation coefficients of BBB and ACOS scores were 0.913 and 0.972 for the SCI and BWSTT groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The results confirmed the existence of partial spontaneous hindlimb functional recovery in adult chronically spinal cord-transected rats, and that BWSTT can improve motor performance. In addition, our study suggests that qualitative and semiquantiative methods are strongly correlated with locomotor recovery in spinal rats, and the latter may be more sensitive in reflecting minor variance at different time points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Capital Medical University, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Boai Hospital, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Intestinal transplantation (IT), unlike other solid-organ transplantations, such as liver, kidney, and heart, has relatively disappointing results in humans. Significant advances have been made during the past 40 years, but rejection, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and infection remain the major obstacles to successful IT. These aspects may be studied using a rat model of IT. Without a microscope and traditional suture for vascular reconstruction, we simplified the procedure using a "three cuffs" technique for orthotopic intestinal transplantation (OIT). Technical modifications of our OIT model that induced good results included (1) adopting a "double cuffs" technique on the graft aorta, (2) using a portal cuff anastomosis to reconstitute the natural and physiologic portal graft drainage with the cuff fixed to the recipient first, and (3) administering a large volume of crystalloid or whole blood to maintain blood pressure and reduce ischemic injury to the graft during operation. In our group, the survival rate of recipients was 87.5% (21 of 24 rats), the average volume of bleeding in the recipient operation was less than 1 mL, and the cold ischemic time, 50 +/- 11 minutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Zhou
- Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, College of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
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Chia SE, Zhou HJ, Yap E, Tham MT, Dong NV, Hong Tu NT, Chia KS. Association of renal function and delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase polymorphism among Vietnamese and Singapore workers exposed to inorganic lead. Occup Environ Med 2006; 63:180-6. [PMID: 16497859 PMCID: PMC2078142 DOI: 10.1136/oem.2005.021154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) polymorphisms on the association between blood lead and renal function among Vietnamese and Singaporean workers who were exposed to low to medium levels of inorganic lead, and to study the distribution of ALAD polymorphism among Vietnamese, Chinese, Malays and Indians. METHODS A total of 459 male and female workers were studied. Blood and urine were collected for each worker in order to determine ALAD genotype, blood lead, and urinary delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALAU). Renal function tests included urine albumin (Ualb), urine beta2 microglobulin (Ubeta2m), urinary alpha1 microglobulin (Ualpha1m), N-acetyl-glucosaminidas (NAG), and urine retinol blinding protein (RBP). A multiple regression model with interaction term was applied to fit the entire data and to explore the modifying effect of ALAD polymorphism on the relation of blood lead to each renal function parameter. RESULTS ALAD1-1 was the predominant genotype for all the ethnic groups while ALAD2-2 was the rarest. The frequency of ALAD2 allele was higher among Malays (8.8%) and Indians (10.6%) compared to the Chinese (5.0%) and Vietnamese (4.3%). The geometric mean of blood lead for all workers was 19.0 microg/dl. The models for Ubeta2m, Ualpha1m, and NAG showed that the ALAD1-2/2-2 group had higher beta coefficients than the ALAD1-1 group. Corresponding to 10 microg/dl blood lead, ALAD1-1 homozygotes had an increment of 1.288 microg/g Cr, 1.175 mg/g Cr, and 1.995 U/g Cr for Ubeta2m, Ualpha1m, and NAG, respectively. ALAD1-2/2-2 subjects had higher increments of 3.802 microg/g Cr, 2.138 mg/g Cr, and 3.89 U/g Cr for Ubeta2m, Ualpha1m, and NAG, respectively. CONCLUSION The frequency of the ALAD2 allele is as low in Vietnamese workers as in Chinese. Workers with the ALAD2 allele appeared more susceptible to the effects of lead (especially at higher levels) on renal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-E Chia
- Department of Community, Occupational & Family Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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Zhou HJ, Liu SD, Cheng MT, Wang QQ, Li YY, Xue QK. Rabi oscillation damped by exciton leakage and Auger capture in quantum dots. Opt Lett 2005; 30:3213-5. [PMID: 16342724 DOI: 10.1364/ol.30.003213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The decoherence of Rabi oscillation (RO) caused by biexciton, population leakage to the wetting layer (WL), and Auger capture in semiconductor quantum dots is theoretically analyzed with multilevel optical Bloch equations. The corresponding effects on the quality factor of RO are also discussed. We have found that the biexciton effect is relatively trifling, as the pulse duration is longer than 5 ps. The population leakage to the WL leads to a decrease of the RO average even though the damping rate is similar to that observed in the experiment. Auger capture in quantum dots results in RO damping that is consistent with the experimental data, which implies that Auger capture is an important decoherence process in quantum dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Zhou
- Department of Physics, Wuhan University, China
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Wang QQ, Muller A, Cheng MT, Zhou HJ, Bianucci P, Shih CK. Coherent control of a V-type three-level system in a single quantum dot. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 95:187404. [PMID: 16383947 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.187404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In a semiconductor quantum dot, the IIx and IIy transitions to the polarization eigenstates, |x> and |y>, naturally form a three-level V-type system. Using low-temperature polarized photoluminescence spectroscopy, we have investigated the exciton dynamics arising under strong laser excitation. We also explicitly solved the density matrix equations for comparison with the experimental data. The polarization of the exciting field controls the coupling between the otherwise orthogonal states. In particular, when the system is initialized into \Y>, a polarization-tailored pulse can swap the population into |x>, and vice versa, effectively operating on the exciton spin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Q Wang
- Department of Physics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China.
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Cui JQ, Shi YF, Zhou HJ, Li JQ. The changes of gene expression profiles in hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma with hyperplasia of trophoblasts. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2004; 14:984-97. [PMID: 15361213 DOI: 10.1111/j.1048-891x.2004.14539.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate changes of gene expression profiles in hydatidiform moles (HM) and choriocarcinoma and to explore causes of trophoblastic hyperplasia. Using cDNA microarray, 4,096 genes were analyzed in two pairs of the tissues of HM versus normal villi and in two pairs of normal primary culture trophoblasts versus JAR cell line of choriocarcinoma. The expressions of two genes in normal villi and HM, as well as in JAR and JEG-3, were examined with the help of immunohistochemistry, immunoblot, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in order to confirm the findings of cDNA microarray. Twenty-four genes were upregulated and 65 genes were downregulated in all HM. Four hundred thirty-three genes were upregulated and 380 genes were downregulated in JAR. Forty-six genes were upregulated in both HM and choriocarcinoma, whereas 13 genes were downregulated. Genes associated with the inhibition of cell proliferation were significantly downregulated, whereas genes associated with cell proliferation, malignant transformation, metastasis, and drug resistance were upregulated. Thymidine kinase-1 (TK-1) and small subunit ribonucleotide reductase (RRM-2) were overexpressed in HM, JAR, and JEG-3. The expressions of TK-1 and RRM-2 in moles were positively correlated with proliferative index of trophoblasts. Our results suggest that altered expression of genes exist in HM and choriocarcinoma. Trophoblastic hyperplasia may be involved in the overexpression of DNA synthetic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Q Cui
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Zhou HJ, Wong CM, Chen JH, Qiang BQ, Yuan JG, Jin DY. Inhibition of LZIP-mediated transcription through direct interaction with a novel host cell factor-like protein. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:28933-8. [PMID: 11384994 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m103893200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Host cell factor 1 (HCF-1) is a cellular transcriptional coactivator which coordinates the assembly of enhancer complex through direct interactions with viral and cellular trans-activators such as VP16, Oct-1, LZIP, and GA-binding protein. These interactions are mediated by the beta-propeller domain comprising the first 380 residues of HCF-1 with six kelch repeats. Here we describe the identification and characterization of a novel HCF-like kelch repeat protein, designated HCLP-1. HCLP-1 is a ubiquitously expressed nuclear protein which is composed almost entirely of a six-bladed beta-propeller. HCLP-1 selectively interacts with LZIP but not with VP16. The physical interaction between HCLP-1 and LZIP leads to the repression of the LZIP-dependent transcription. The HCLP-1-binding domain of LZIP maps to residues 109-315, which contain the bZIP DNA-binding motif. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay demonstrates that HCLP-1 indeed interferes with the binding of LZIP to its DNA target. Thus, HCLP-1 serves a transcriptional co-repressor function mediated through its inhibitory interaction with the LZIP transcription factor. Our findings suggest a new mechanism for transcriptional regulation by HCF-like proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Zhou
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
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Lou XE, Zhou HJ. [Effects of artesunate on progestrone estrogen content and decidua in rats]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2001; 36:254-7. [PMID: 12580051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM To observe the effect of artesunate on content of progesterone, estrogen and decidua of pregnant rats and study the efficacy and mechanism of artesunate for termination of early pregnancy. METHODS Serum content of progesterone, estrogen and TNF-alpha were measured with RIA. The effects of artesunate on the ovary, decidua and fetus of pregnant rats were studied using histochemistry techniques. Decidual cells were estimated using cell culture. RESULTS Artesunate 40 mg.kg-1 s.c. on day 6-10 of gestation significantly decreased the concentration of serum progesterone in early pregnant rats; decidual cells and fetus of treated groups were found to be degenerated at d 11. Artesunate was shown to directly damage the decidual cells. Cultured human decidual cells were exposed to artesunate for 48 h, the LC50 was found to be 25 +/- 3 mL.L-1. CONCLUSION The damage of artesunate on decidua and placenta may be the mechanisms of its contragestational action.
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Affiliation(s)
- X E Lou
- College of Pharmacy, Hubin Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310031, China
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Abstract
The effectiveness of DL111-IT and RU486 given alone and in combination for terminating early pregnancy was tested in the rat, mouse, and hamster. In the mouse and rat, the combination of RU486 and DL111-IT is much more effective in terminating pregnancy than either of the two compounds used alone (single or multiple treatment). A low-effective dose of DL111-IT in combination with a non-effective or a sub-effective dose of RU486, exerted additive or synergistic effects resulting in resorption of embryos and termination of pregnancy. The serum progesterone concentrations were significantly suppressed by these combinations when pregnancy was terminated. In the hamster, single treatment with DL111-IT plus RU486 exhibited a strong effect on interrupting early pregnancy. The ED50 of RU486 in combination of a non-effective dose of DL111-IT was decreased to 163-fold lower dose than RU486 given alone. It is concluded that in mouse, rat, and hamster, the synergistic action between DL111-IT and RU486 not only greatly enhances efficacy in terminating pregnancy but also reduces substantially the dose required to produce this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Hubin Campus, Zhejiang University, 310031, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Zhou HJ, Li HD, Li XC, Ruan HZ, Zhao BY. Intrathecal injection of corticotropin inhibited nitric-oxide synthase-positive neuron increase in rat spinal cord after formalin-induced hyperalgesia. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao 1999; 20:737-40. [PMID: 10678109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study the effects of corticotropin (Cor) on formalin-induced hyperalgesia and the change of nitric-oxide synthase (NOS)-positive neurons in spinal dorsal horn in rats. METHODS Measurement of pain intensity rating (PIR), NADPH-d histochemistry, and Fos immunohistochemistry were adopted. RESULTS The increases of NOS-positive neurons, Fos, NOS/Fos double labelling neurons of the spinal dorsal horn and the PIR after formalin injection were markedly inhibited by intrathecal injecting (ith) Cor (0.5-1.5 U), which were obviously attenuated by L-arginine (Arg, 5-15 nmol, ith), the substrate of NOS. CONCLUSION Cor inhibits formalin-induced hyperalgesia by the decrease of NOS-positive neurons in the spinal dorsal horn of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Zhou HJ, Morozov V, Neff J, Fedor A. Analysis of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser-based bidirectional free-space optical interconnect. Appl Opt 1997; 36:3835-3853. [PMID: 18253411 DOI: 10.1364/ao.36.003835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The design of a bidirectional free-space optical interconnect system is presented. Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) arrays as a coherent light source and VCSEL beam collimation are described. Hologram array design and a way to improve the diffraction efficiency by use of a copying technique utilizing Dupont photopolymers are presented. Scattering from the hologram as a noise source is measured. An optical model for the design of system parameters such as the VCSEL beam diameter, size and apodization of the hologram, and size of the detector is given on the basis of cross-talk analysis of the system. The effect of VCSEL wavelength variation on system design is considered. Aberrations caused by the Fourier lens in the system are calculated, and ways for correction of the aberrations are discussed.
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Zhou HJ, Morozov V, Neff J. Characterization of Dupont photopolymers in infrared light for free-space optical interconnects. Appl Opt 1995; 34:7457-7459. [PMID: 21060619 DOI: 10.1364/ao.34.007457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Dupont photopolymer as a potential holographic material for an optical interconnect system was studied. The optimized conditions of recording plane-wave holograms with ∼99% effective diffraction efficiency for infrared reconstruction were obtained by testing different Dupont photopolymers and different copying parameters. The scattering ratios of the holograms recorded with Dupont photopolymers HRF600-10, HRF600-20, and HRF600-38 were measured and compared.
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Zhou HJ, Fang RY, Yang BZ, Zhang YP. Embryotoxicity and teratogenicity of DL111-IT, an early pregnancy-terminating agent, in the subsequent gestation following administration in rats. Contraception 1991; 43:287-93. [PMID: 2036798 DOI: 10.1016/0010-7824(91)90147-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
DL 111-IT is a new non-hormonal early pregnancy-terminating agent. The subsequent embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of DL111-IT were studied in the rats whose first pregnancy had been terminated by the agent. The secondary pregnancy of the treated rats were allowed to initiate at 30-, 45-, and 90-day intervals, respectively, after the termination of the first pregnancy. The toxicities primed with DL111-IT, such as resorbed embryos and nephrohydrosis fetuses, were found to be 8.0% and 8.5%, respectively, in the rats with pregnancy at 30-day interval. This is significantly different from 4.0% resorbed embryos and 2.4% nephrohydrosis fetuses in vehicle control (P less than 0.05). However, the rate of resorbed embryos decreased to 7.0% or 6.0% in the rats with pregnancy at 45- or 90-day intervals, respectively. No other significant embryotoxicity and teratogenicity were observed in those rats initiating their pregnancy 45 days later after first-pregnancy termination by DL111-IT. Thus, DL111-IT appears to have very low subsequent toxicity in the course of rat pregnancy cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Medical University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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Lin ZG, Zhou HJ. [Latin square vs twin crossover design for mouse blood glucose assay to estimate insulin potency]. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao 1990; 11:454-7. [PMID: 2130603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
According to parallel line analysis, a Latin square design was used for estimating insulin potency in mouse blood glucose assay. Four to six groups of 4 x 4 Latin squares were used to estimate 80%, 100% and 120% standard preparations and the recovery rates were 95-106%. Meanwhile, in comparison with twin crossover design, 13 batches of variant preparations including some beyond expiry dates were checked by Latin square design. The results showed that the potencies were about the same in two designs. The average fiducial limit rates were still less than 25% but 40% or so of animal numbers were saved. Therefore, Latin square design in a precise and accurate assay for the estimation of insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z G Lin
- National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products, Beijing, China
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