1
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de Jesus AA, Chen G, Yang D, Brdicka T, Ruth NM, Bennin D, Cebecauerova D, Malcova H, Freeman H, Martin N, Svojgr K, Passo MH, Bhuyan F, Alehashemi S, Rastegar AT, Uss K, Kardava L, Marrero B, Duric I, Omoyinmi E, Peldova P, Lee CCR, Kleiner DE, Hadigan CM, Hewitt SM, Pittaluga S, Carmona-Rivera C, Calvo KR, Shah N, Balascakova M, Fink DL, Kotalova R, Parackova Z, Peterkova L, Kuzilkova D, Campr V, Sramkova L, Biancotto A, Brooks SR, Manes C, Meffre E, Harper RL, Kuehn H, Kaplan MJ, Brogan P, Rosenzweig SD, Merchant M, Deng Z, Huttenlocher A, Moir SL, Kuhns DB, Boehm M, Skvarova Kramarzova K, Goldbach-Mansky R. Constitutively active Lyn kinase causes a cutaneous small vessel vasculitis and liver fibrosis syndrome. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1502. [PMID: 36932076 PMCID: PMC10022554 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36941-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophilic inflammation is a hallmark of many monogenic autoinflammatory diseases; pathomechanisms that regulate extravasation of damaging immune cells into surrounding tissues are poorly understood. Here we identified three unrelated boys with perinatal-onset of neutrophilic cutaneous small vessel vasculitis and systemic inflammation. Two patients developed liver fibrosis in their first year of life. Next-generation sequencing identified two de novo truncating variants in the Src-family tyrosine kinase, LYN, p.Y508*, p.Q507* and a de novo missense variant, p.Y508F, that result in constitutive activation of Lyn kinase. Functional studies revealed increased expression of ICAM-1 on induced patient-derived endothelial cells (iECs) and of β2-integrins on patient neutrophils that increase neutrophil adhesion and vascular transendothelial migration (TEM). Treatment with TNF inhibition improved systemic inflammation; and liver fibrosis resolved on treatment with the Src kinase inhibitor dasatinib. Our findings reveal a critical role for Lyn kinase in modulating inflammatory signals, regulating microvascular permeability and neutrophil recruitment, and in promoting hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana A de Jesus
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section (TADS), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Guibin Chen
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dan Yang
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tomas Brdicka
- Laboratory of Leukocyte Signaling, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Natasha M Ruth
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - David Bennin
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dita Cebecauerova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Malcova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Neil Martin
- Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Karel Svojgr
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Murray H Passo
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Farzana Bhuyan
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section (TADS), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sara Alehashemi
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section (TADS), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andre T Rastegar
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section (TADS), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katsiaryna Uss
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section (TADS), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lela Kardava
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bernadette Marrero
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section (TADS), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Iris Duric
- Laboratory of Leukocyte Signaling, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ebun Omoyinmi
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Petra Peldova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - David E Kleiner
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Stephen M Hewitt
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stefania Pittaluga
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carmelo Carmona-Rivera
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Nirali Shah
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Miroslava Balascakova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Danielle L Fink
- Collaborative Clinical Research Branch/Neutrophil Monitoring Laboratory, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Radana Kotalova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Parackova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Peterkova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Kuzilkova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vit Campr
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Sramkova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University/University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Stephen R Brooks
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Rebecca L Harper
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hyesun Kuehn
- Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mariana J Kaplan
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul Brogan
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Melinda Merchant
- AstraZeneca Research Based Biopharmaceutical Company, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Zuoming Deng
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anna Huttenlocher
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Susan L Moir
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Douglas B Kuhns
- Collaborative Clinical Research Branch/Neutrophil Monitoring Laboratory, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Manfred Boehm
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Raphaela Goldbach-Mansky
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section (TADS), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Diab M, Franz M, Hagel S, Guenther A, Struve A, Kuehn H, Ibrahim K, Jahnecke M, Sigusch H, Ebelt H, Faerber G, Lehmann T, Schulze PC, Pletz MW, Doenst T. The impact of establishing a regional infective endocarditis (IE) network on pre-operative IE-related complications and on post-operative outcome. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Infective endocarditis (IE) requires a high degree of suspicion and advanced level of multidisciplinary management. In 2015, the European guidelines recommended the formation of an endocarditis-team (ET) for optimal treatment of IE. In 2011, we already established an ET within the hospital that was only consulted on demand for certain patients. Since 2015, ET has been increasingly involved in the management of almost all patients with IE. In addition, we established in 2015 a statewide endocarditis- (E) network for the referring hospitals.
Purpose
We investigated the effect of E-network on reducing referral latency and pre-operative IE-related complications. We also investigated the adherence to the ET management recommendations in our hospital and its impact on post-operative stroke and mortality.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed data from patients operated for IE in our center between 01/2007 and 03/2018. We conducted univariate analysis using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test, Multivariate logistic regression models for in-hospital mortality and post-operative stroke, and Kaplan-Meier estimate of 5-years survival.
Results
Among 630 patients operated for IE in our center, 409 (65%) underwent surgery in the 1st era before 12/2014. S. aureus IE was more frequent in the second era (34% vs 25%, p<0.001). The median time from the onset of symptoms to referral in the 2nd era was halved compared to the first one [7 days (IQR 2–19) vs 15 days (IQR 6–35)]. Patients in the 2nd era were admitted with less IE-related complications, i.e. less preoperative stroke (14% vs 27%, p<0.001), less heart failure (45% vs 69%, p<0.001) less cardiac abscesses (24% vs 34%, p=0.018), less acute renal insufficiency requiring hemodialysis (8% vs 14%, p=0.026). The lack of ET management recommendations was an independent predictor for in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR: 2.13, 95% CI: 1.27–3.53, p=0.004) and post-operative stroke (adjusted OR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.12–4.39, p=0.02), and was associated with worse 5-years survival (59% compared to 40%, log rank<0.001).
Conclusion
Endocarditis-network led to earlier referral of patients, which resulted in less IE-related complications on admission. Lack of ET management recommendations was an independent predictor for post-operative stroke, in-hospital mortality and was associated with worse 5-years survival.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. Figure 1Figure 2
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Affiliation(s)
- M Diab
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena, Germany
| | - M Franz
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Jena, Germany
| | - S Hagel
- University Hospital Jena, Institute for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena, Germany
| | - A Guenther
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Neurology, Jena, Germany
| | - A Struve
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena, Germany
| | - H Kuehn
- Thueringen-Kliniken Georgius Agricola, Department of Internal Medicine III, Saalfeld, Germany
| | - K Ibrahim
- Hospital Chemnitz, Department of Internal Medicine I, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - M Jahnecke
- St. Georg Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine I, Eisenach, Germany
| | - H Sigusch
- Heinrich-Braun-Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine I, Zwickau, Germany
| | - H Ebelt
- Catholic Hospital St. Johann Nepomuk, Department of Internal Medicine II, Erfurt, Germany
| | - G Faerber
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena, Germany
| | - T Lehmann
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Medical Statistics, Computer Science and Data Science, Jena, Germany
| | - P C Schulze
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Jena, Germany
| | - M W Pletz
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena, Germany
| | - T Doenst
- University Hospital Jena, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Jena, Germany
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Dowdell KC, Howe M, Kuehn H, Hart GT, Hsu A, Su H, Niemela J, Uzel G, Shereck E, Schulz L, Feldman T, Stoddard J, Rosenzweig S, Long EO, Dropulic L, Cohen J. Patients with Natural Killer (NK) Cell Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus Have a Unique Phenotype, With Increased Activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and STAT1 Pathways and Immature NK Cells. The Journal of Immunology 2019. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.202.supp.76.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is usually asymptomatic and latency occurs in B cells. We studied three patients with NK cell chronic active EBV (CAEBV) disease and EBV hepatitis. All patients had an increased number of NK cells, and high levels of EBV in the blood, with EBV predominantly in NK cells; two patients who were tested had an NK cell receptor repertoire consistent with immature cells. All three patients had increased phosphorylation of Akt and ribosomal protein S6 in NK cells and a marked increase in STAT1; two of the patients had increased phosphorylation of STAT1 in their T cells, NK cells, and monocytes. Treatment of one of these patients with sirolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, reduced phosphorylation of S6 in the patient’s T and B cells, but not in her NK cells and did not reduce the level of NK cells or EBV DNA in the peripheral blood. The increased STAT1 activity observed in two of the patients was reduced to normal when the cells were treated with JAK inhibitors in vitro. Unlike other patients with STAT1 gain-of-function (GOF) mutations, no mutations were identified in STAT1 or STAT1 regulatory proteins. Patients with T or B cell CAEBV also had increased phosphorylation of Akt and S6, but not STAT1. In summary, the increase in Akt and S6 phosphorylation, and the increase in STAT1 protein, as well as immature NK cells in our NK cell patients describe a novel phenotype in NK cell CAEBV disease.
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Johnston AM, Niemela J, Rosenzweig SD, Fried AJ, Delmonte OM, Fleisher TA, Kuehn H. A Novel Mutation in IKBKG/NEMO Leads to Ectodermal Dysplasia with Severe Immunodeficiency (EDA-ID). J Clin Immunol 2016; 36:541-3. [PMID: 27368913 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-016-0309-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M Johnston
- Department of Pediatrics, Baystate Medical Center Children's Hospital, Springfield, MA, USA.
| | - Julie Niemela
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sergio D Rosenzweig
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ari J Fried
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Thomas A Fleisher
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hyesun Kuehn
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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5
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Meister J, Kuehn H, Shehata-Dieler W, Kraus F, Hagen R, Kleinsasser N. Zufriedenheit nach Stimmerhöhung bei Transsexualität – Entwicklung eines Therapiealgorithmus. Laryngorhinootologie 2016; 95:774-782. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-103590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Meister
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, plastische und ästhetische Operationen, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg
| | - H. Kuehn
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, plastische und ästhetische Operationen, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg
| | - W. Shehata-Dieler
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, plastische und ästhetische Operationen, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg
| | - F. Kraus
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, plastische und ästhetische Operationen, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg
| | - R. Hagen
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, plastische und ästhetische Operationen, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg
| | - N. Kleinsasser
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, plastische und ästhetische Operationen, Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg
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6
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De Jesus AA, Montealegre G, Liu Y, Marrero B, Kuehn H, Calvo K, Rosenzweig S, Fleisher T, Lee RCC, Brundidge A, Chapelle D, Huang Y, Brooks S, Moir S, Meffre E, Merchant M, Deng Z, Goldbach-Mansky R. A de novo nonsense mutation in the tyrosine kinase lyn in a patient with an early onset autoinflammatory phenotype. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2014. [PMCID: PMC4184148 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-12-s1-o25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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7
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Crank MC, Grossman JK, Moir S, Pittaluga S, Buckner CM, Kardava L, Agharahimi A, Meuwissen H, Stoddard J, Niemela J, Kuehn H, Rosenzweig SD. Mutations in PIK3CD can cause hyper IgM syndrome (HIGM) associated with increased cancer susceptibility. J Clin Immunol 2014; 34:272-6. [PMID: 24610295 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-014-0012-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant gain of function mutations in the gene encoding PI3K p110δ were recently associated with a novel combined immune deficiency characterized by recurrent sinopulmonary infections, CD4 lymphopenia, reduced class-switched memory B cells, lymphadenopathy, CMV and/or EBV viremia and EBV-related lymphoma. A subset of affected patients also had elevated serum IgM. Here we describe three patients in two families who were diagnosed with HIGM at a young age and were recently found to carry heterozygous mutations in PIK3CD. These patients had an abnormal circulating B cell distribution featuring a preponderance of early transitional (T1) B cells and plasmablasts. When stimulated in vitro, PIK3CD mutated B cells were able to secrete class-switched immunoglobulins. This finding implies that the patients' elevated serum IgM levels were unlikely a product of an intrinsic B cell functional inability to class switch. All three patients developed malignant lymphoproliferative syndromes that were not associated with EBV. Thus, we identified a novel subset of patients with PIK3CD mutations associated with HIGM, despite indications of preserved in vitro B cell class switch recombination, as well as susceptibility to non-EBV-associated malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Crank
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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8
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Druey K, Lu Y, Kuehn H, Gilfillan A, Xie Z. Regulation of RGS13 expression by the tumor suppressor p53 in mast cells (86.22). The Journal of Immunology 2010. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.86.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Regulators of G-protein Signaling (RGS) proteins negatively regulate GPCRs by accelerating the GTPase activity of Gα. In recent years, non-GPCR-related functions have also been described for these proteins. We found previously that RGS13 was enriched in mast cells and inhibited anaphylaxis in mice by suppressing IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation. We therefore examined the transcriptional regulation of RGS13 in mast cells. We confirmed the transcriptional start site (TSS) by 5’ RACE in cDNA from the human mast cell line LAD2 and demonstrated promoter activity in a ~ 1 kb element upstream of exon 1 using luciferase reporter assays. We also identified 2 potential p53 response elements (RE) in the region 2 kb upstream of the TSS by bioinformatic analysis. Overexpression and shRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous p53 in LAD2 cells revealed an inverse relationship between p53 levels and RGS13 expression. Endogenous p53 in these cells bound exclusively to oligonucleotides containing the p53 RE most upstream of the TSS. Cells expressing double-stranded oligonucleotides containing this site or a p53 consensus site had enhanced promoter activity. These studies indicate that p53 suppresses RGS13 transcription in mast cells. Thus, upregulation of p53 activity in mast cells exposed to stress could reduce the threshold for degranulation as a result of decreased RGS13 expression.
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9
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Nolen-Walston RD, Kuehn H, Boston RC, Mazan MR, Wilkins PA, Bruns S, Hoffman AM. Reproducibility of Airway Responsiveness in Horses Using Flowmetric Plethysmography and Histamine Bronchoprovocation. J Vet Intern Med 2009; 23:631-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0307.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Hoffman A, Kuehn H, Riedelberger K, Kupcinskas R, Miskovic MB. Flowmetric comparison of respiratory inductance plethysmography and pneumotachography in horses. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2001; 91:2767-75. [PMID: 11717245 DOI: 10.1152/jappl.2001.91.6.2767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory inductance plethysmographic (RIP) and pneumotachographic (Pn) flows were compared dynamically in horses with bronchoconstriction. On a breath-by-breath basis, RIP was normalized to inspiratory volume from Pn, and peak [peak of subtracted final exhalation waveform (SFE(max))] and selected area [integral of subtracted final waveform during first 25% of exhaled volume (SFE(int))] differences between RIP and Pn flows during early expiration were measured in three settings: 1) healthy horses (n = 8) undergoing histamine bronchoprovocation; 2) horses with naturally occurring lower airway obstruction (AO) (n = 7); and 3) healthy horses (n = 6) given lobeline. HCl to induce hyperpnea. In setting 1, histamine challenge induced a dose-dependent increase in SFE(max) and SFE(int) differences. A test index of airway reactivity (interpolated histamine dose that increased SFE(max) by 35%) closely correlated (r(s) = 0.93, P = 0.001) with a conventional index (histamine dose that induced a 35% decrease in dynamic compliance). In setting 2, in horses with AO, SFE(max) and SFE(int) were markedly elevated, and their absolute values correlated significantly (P < 0.005) with pulmonary resistance and the maximum change in transpulmonary pressure. The effects of bronchodilator treatment on the SFE(max) and SFE(int) were also highly significant (P < 0.0001). In setting 3, hyperpnea, but not tachypnea, caused significant (P < 0.01) increases in SFE(max) but not in SFE(int). In conclusion, dynamic comparisons between RIP and Pn provide a defensible method for quantifying AO during tidal breathing, without the need for invasive instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hoffman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA.
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11
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Abstract
Among a number of racemic eicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) investigated, 15-R/S HETE and 11-R/S-HETE were the only ones that enormously potentiated the chronotropic action of isoprenaline on neonatal rat heart myocytes in rocked culture. The effect of the 15-R/S-HETE was exclusively due to the S isomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Wallukat
- Institut für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, Berlin-Buch, Germany
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12
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Wallukat G, Nemecz G, Farkas T, Kuehn H, Wollenberger A. Modulation of the beta-adrenergic response in cultured rat heart cells. I. Beta-adrenergic supersensitivity is induced by lactate via a phospholipase A2 and 15-lipoxygenase involving pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 1991; 102:35-47. [PMID: 1646955 DOI: 10.1007/bf00232156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Incubation of rocker-cultured neonatal rat heart cells with 3 mM L(+)-lactate led to a sharp increase in the sensitivity of cardiomyocytes to the beta-adrenergic agonist isoprenaline, as measured by their chronotropic response. This effect was accompanied by a reduction in the arachidonic acid content of the total phospholipids. The phospholipase A2-activator melittin as well as free arachidonic acid induced this supersensitivity to the same degree. On the other hand, the L(+)-lactate-evoked supersensitivity could be blocked by the phospholipase A2 inhibitors mepacrine and n-bromophenacyl-bromide, suggesting an involvement of phospholipase A2 in the process of beta-adrenergic sensitization. The sensitizing action of arachidonic acid was blocked by the lipoxygenase inhibitors esculetin and nordihydroguaiaretic acid, but not by the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor indomethacin. Supersensitivity was likewise evoked by 15-S-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-S-HETE), but not by 5-S-HPETE or 5-S-HETE. These findings suggest that the phospholipase A2-15-lipoxygenase pathway plays a role in the induction of beta-adrenergic supersensitivity in the cultured cardiomyocytes and point to a new physiological role of the lipoxygenase product 15-S-HETE.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Wallukat
- Central Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Academy of Sciences, Berlin-Buch, Germany
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13
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Wallukat G, Boehmer FD, Engstroem U, Langen P, Hollenberg M, Behlke J, Kuehn H, Grosse R. Modulation of the beta-adrenergic-response in cultured rat heart cells. II. Mammary-derived growth inhibitor (MDGI) blocks induction of beta-adrenergic supersensitivity. Dissociation from lipid-binding activity of MDGI. Mol Cell Biochem 1991; 102:49-60. [PMID: 1646956 DOI: 10.1007/bf00232157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
'Mammary-derived growth inhibitor (MDGI)' is a 14.5 kDa polypeptide with growth-inhibitory activity for various mammary epithelial cells in vitro which is highly homologous to cardiac fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP). Here we describe a new biological activity of MDGI: Inhibition of L(+)-lactate-, arachidonic acid- and 15-S-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid-induced supersensitivity of neonatal rat heart cells for beta-adrenergic stimulation, concerning particularly a small population of beta 2-receptors. Synthetic peptides corresponding to the MDGI-sequence, residue 121-131 mimic the effect of MDGI. Measurements of lipid-binding to MDGI and synthetic peptides excluded the binding of arachidonic acid, 15-S-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid or beta-adrenergic agonists to MDGI or the peptides as the mechanism for this effect. Also, no direct interference of MDGI and the synthetic peptides with the binding of the beta-adrenergic agent CGP 12177 to its receptor on A431 cells could be detected. We suggest that MDGI and the peptides act by interference with the function of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor and that this mechanism might also be relevant for the growth-inhibitory activity of MDGI. Furthermore, the data point to a possible function of H-FABP for the modulation of beta-adrenergic sensitivity of cardiac myocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Wallukat
- Central Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Academy of Sciences, Berlin-Buch, Germany
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