Association between Epstein-Barr Virus and Oral Carcinoma: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

The purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We searched the electronic scientific databases of PubMed and Scopus and included a total of 53 studies that were published from 1990 to 2019. The analysis yielded a 45.37% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 38.90-51.84; p < 0.001) overall pooled prevalence of EBV. Studies that used the applied methods of in situ hybridization, polymerase chain reaction, immunology, or RNA microarray showed the following pooled prevalence: 46.08%, 40.32, 54.97%, and 74.89%, respectively. EBV-infected individuals have a 2.5 higher risk for developing OSCC (odds ratio: 2.57; 95% CI: 1.23% to 5.36%; p < 0.001). The present meta-analysis supports the hypothesis of EBV association with OSCC, pointing to this virus as a risk factor for neoplasia. Our findings also suggest that EBV latent transcripts (latent membrane protein 1, EBV nuclear antigen 1 and 2, and EBV-encoded small RNAs) have an important role in this process. Furthermore, novel advancements could arise from large and standardized studies that are constructed to probe for other latent gene expression, eliminate confounding factors (tobacco, alcohol, and high-risk human papillomavirus infection), and define the relationship between EBV and oral carcinomas.

PERSPECTIVAS DE DOCENTES DE ENFERMAGEM DOS DOMÍNIOS DO CORE COMPETENCIES FRAMEWORK FOR HEALTH PROMOTION

Objetivo: verificar as perspectivas de docentes de um curso de graduação em enfermagem acerca dos domínios do Core Competencies Framework for Health Promotion, e como estes estão presentes em sua prática. Método: o estudo foi realizado no ano de 2017, em uma instituição pública de ensino superior da Região Nordeste. Foram convidados 62 docentes que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão estabelecidos, dos quais 15 participaram da pesquisa. Os resultados foram analisados a partir da análise de conteúdo. Resultados: emergiram as categorias: “Saberes dos docentes acerca da promoção da saúde: reconhecendo os domínios” e “Práticas dos docentes em promoção da saúde: aplicabilidade dos domínios do Core Competencies Framework for Health Promotion”. Divergências encontradas a respeito dos saberes e práticas podem influenciar a formação dos enfermeiros em relação às competências necessárias à promoção da saúde. Conclusão: é importante oportunizar estratégias de qualificação e formação continuada em tornoda temática em questão.

Interpretive description: a viable methodological approach for nursing research

Abstract Objective: To present a theoretical reflection about the origin and the assumptions of the "Interpretive Description" method, and to discuss its applicability in Nursing and Health research. Method: Theoretical-reflective study, based on articles and books published by proponent of this approach, as well as scientific articles in which the authors reported having used this method in their studies. Results: It was evidenced that the "Interpretive Description" arose from the need to generate a better understanding of clinical practices in Nursing. This approach has its roots in the methodological traditions of the Social Sciences, although it differs from them in terms of its excessive rigidity and essentially theoretical objectives. The proposed method has been applied in several studies either in Nursing as other areas of Health. Conclusion: The "Interpretive Description" is considered a feasible approach for the production of knowledge in Applied Sciences such as Nursing.