Panel-based next-generation sequencing identifies novel mutations in Bulgarian patients with inherited retinal dystrophies

BACKGROUND

Next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based method is being used broadly for genetic testing especially for clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders, such as inherited retinal degenerations (IRDs) but still not routinely used for molecular diagnostics in Bulgaria. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a molecular diagnostic approach, based on targeted NGS for the identification of the disease-causing mutations in 16 Bulgarian patients with different IRDs.

METHODS

We applied a customized NGS panel, including 125 genes associated with retinal and other eye diseases to the patients with hereditary retinopathies.

RESULTS

Systematic filtering approach coupled with copy number variation analysis and segregation study lead to the identification of 16 pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in 12/16 (75%) of IRD patients, 2 of which novel (12.5%): ABCA4-c.668delA (p.K223Rfs18) and RР1-c.2015dupA (p.K673Efs*25). Mutations in the ABCA4, PRPH2, USH2A, BEST1, RР1, CDHR1, and RHO genes were detected reaching a diagnostic yield between 42.9% for Retinitis pigmentosa cases and 100% for macular degeneration, Usher syndrome, and cone-rod dystrophy patients.

CONCLUSION

Our results confirm the usefulness of targeted NGS approach based on frequently mutated genes as a comprehensive and successful genetic diagnostic tool for IRDs with significant impact on patients counseling.