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Alvanou MV, Kyriakoudi A, Makri V, Lattos A, Feidantsis K, Papadopoulos DK, Georgoulis I, Apostolidis AP, Michaelidis B, Mourtzinos I, Asimaki A, Karapanagiotidis IT, Giantsis IA. Effects of dietary substitution of fishmeal by black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) meal on growth performance, whole-body chemical composition, and fatty acid profile of Pontastacus leptodactylus juveniles. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1156394. [PMID: 37051021 PMCID: PMC10083249 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1156394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Freshwater crayfish are considered as aquatic products of high quality and high nutritional value. The increasing demand has led to populations reduction in several locations throughout their range. Thus, the development of appropriate rearing conditions is considered necessary, among which, optimization of their diet is a basic part. Towards this direction, in the present study, a 98-day feeding trial was carried out to evaluate the impact of dietary fishmeal substitution by Hermetia illucens meal on Pontastacus leptodactylus juveniles kept under laboratory conditions. Insect meals represent an environmentally friendly alternative solution, considered as a high-value feed source, rich in nutrients such as protein and fat. Three dietary regimens were utilized with a fishmeal-based without Hermetia meal (HM) defined as the control diet (HM0), and two diets, the first with 50% (HM50) and the second with 100% (HM100) of fishmeal substitution by HM, respectively. Growth performance, whole-body composition, and fatty acid profiles of individuals were studied in the different treatments. At the end of the feeding trial, statistically significant differences were observed in the mean survival rate (SR), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and weight gain (WG) values. More specifically, animals fed with HM-based diets had higher mean SR, while the control group performed better regarding FCR and SGR. The HM inclusion in the diet significantly altered the whole-body chemical composition of the crayfish signifying a different metabolic utilization compared to fishmeal (FM). The fatty acid analysis revealed that 16:0 (palmitic acid) was the predominant saturated fatty acid (SFA), 18:1ω9 (oleic acid) was found to be the main monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), while 18:2ω6 (linoleic acid) represented the major polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) followed by C20:3 cis ω3 (cis-11-14-17-eicosatrienoate) and C22:6 cis ω3 (cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-Docosahexaenoic) fatty acids. The inclusion of dietary HM significantly reduced the contents of ∑SFAs, ∑PUFAs and ∑ω6 fatty acids, as well as those of C22:6 cis ω3 and increased the ω6/ω3 and hypocholesterolemic to hypercholesterolemic ratios in the body. In parallel with improvements in balanced diets and in culture conditions that need to be optimised for rearing of freshwater crayfish, our study provides new data that enlighten the suitability of insect meals in the nutrition of P. leptodactylus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V. Alvanou
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Western Macedonia, Florina, Greece
| | - Anastasia Kyriakoudi
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Makri
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasios Lattos
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Feidantsis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios K. Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Georgoulis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Apostolos P. Apostolidis
- Laboratory of Ichthyology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Basile Michaelidis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Mourtzinos
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Adamantia Asimaki
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | | | - Ioannis A. Giantsis
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Western Macedonia, Florina, Greece
- *Correspondence: Ioannis A. Giantsis,
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Rumbos CI, Mente E, Karapanagiotidis IT, Vlontzos G, Athanassiou CG. Insect-Based Feed Ingredients for Aquaculture: A Case Study for Their Acceptance in Greece. Insects 2021; 12:insects12070586. [PMID: 34203332 PMCID: PMC8303123 DOI: 10.3390/insects12070586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Since 2017, insects can be used as ingredients in aquafeeds in the EU. However, insect-based aquafeeds are still not broadly accepted by European aquaculture companies. Understanding the beliefs of people associated with the aquaculture sector on the use of insect-based fish diets could assist their adoption. In the present study, we ran a survey among the participants of an aquaculture conference held in Greece, in order to ask them what they think regarding the inclusion of insect meal in aquafeeds. Furthermore, we inquired nine Greek aquaculture and aquafeed companies about this issue. Greece is among the largest farmed fish producers in the EU; however, there are currently no data available on the acceptance of insect-based aquafeeds in Greece. Based on our results, the majority of the respondents were aware and in favor of the inclusion of insects in aquafeeds, mainly due to their potential to lower fishing pressure on wild fish stocks used for fishmeal production and enhance the ecological footprint and sustainability of aquaculture. Moreover, six out of nine companies were favorably disposed towards the use of insects in fish diets and four of them were willing to produce or use such diets. Further studies are warranted towards this direction. Abstract Although the inclusion of insects in fish diets is officially allowed in the EU since 2017, insect-based aquafeeds have not been widely adopted by the European aquaculture sector. In order to investigate the perceptions related with adoption trends, it is critical to explore the beliefs of people associated with the aquaculture sector on the use of insects in farmed fish diets. A survey was conducted among 228 participants of an aquaculture conference to explore their perceptions on the inclusion of insect meal in fish diets. Additionally, we investigated the attitudes of nine companies operating in the aquaculture and aquafeed sector in Greece that attended the conference towards this direction. The findings of the conference survey provide evidence that there is a wide-range awareness and acceptance regarding the use of insect-based feeds in farmed fish diets among the respondents. This is mainly driven by the expectations for the decline in fishing pressure on wild fish stocks, the reduction of the ecological footprint and the enhancement of the sustainability of the aquaculture sector. The results of the stakeholder survey show that six out of the nine companies that participated in the survey are favorably disposed towards the use of insect-based feeds. Specifically, four of them stated that they would produce or use aquafeeds based on insects. However, the results highlight the need for further research on the implementation of the wider adoption of insect-based feeds in aquaculture. The present study provides some first insights into the use of insect-based aquafeeds in Greece, for which there are no data available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos I. Rumbos
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str., N. Ionia, 38446 Volos, Greece;
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str., N. Ionia, 38446 Volos, Greece; (E.M.); (I.T.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Eleni Mente
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str., N. Ionia, 38446 Volos, Greece; (E.M.); (I.T.K.)
| | - Ioannis T. Karapanagiotidis
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str., N. Ionia, 38446 Volos, Greece; (E.M.); (I.T.K.)
| | - Georgios Vlontzos
- Laboratory of Agricultural Economy and Consumer’s Behaviour, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str., N. Ionia, 38446 Volos, Greece;
| | - Christos G. Athanassiou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str., N. Ionia, 38446 Volos, Greece;
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Parlapani FF, Kelepouri A, Psofakis P, Kokioumi D, Kokokiris LE, Karapanagiotidis IT, Boziaris IS. Microbiological Changes, Shelf-Life and Nutritional Value of Ice-Stored Thicklip Grey Mullet ( Chelon labrosus). Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2021.1900968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Foteini F. Parlapani
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Kelepouri
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Pier Psofakis
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Despoina Kokioumi
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Lambros E. Kokokiris
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, Sindos, Greece
| | - Ioannis T. Karapanagiotidis
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Ioannis S. Boziaris
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
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Ntantali O, Malandrakis EE, Abbink W, Golomazou E, Karapanagiotidis IT, Miliou H, Panagiotaki P. Whole brain transcriptomics of intermittently fed individuals of the marine teleost Sparus aurata. Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics 2020; 36:100737. [PMID: 32890972 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A major challenge in fish physiology is to understand the mechanisms underlying the transcriptomic responses of fish brain to food deprivation. Differential gene expression analysis identified in total 2240 transcripts that presented >2-fold change (adjusted p < 0.01) between each treatment and the control group (C). The identity of the transcripts was obtained with annotation against multiple public databases and they were grouped according to their expression patterns. The gene ontology terms that were substantially affected were identified by functional annotation analysis. Genes related to ion transport, cell cycle and cell adhesion were mainly regulated during fasting and refeeding. These findings contribute to identify key indicators for the molecular basis of brain functions during periods of starvation in gilthead seabream.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Ntantali
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, Fitokou str., 38445 Volos, Greece.
| | - E E Malandrakis
- Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - W Abbink
- Animal Breeding & Genomics, Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - E Golomazou
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, Fitokou str., 38445 Volos, Greece
| | - I T Karapanagiotidis
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, Fitokou str., 38445 Volos, Greece
| | - H Miliou
- Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - P Panagiotaki
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, Fitokou str., 38445 Volos, Greece
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Rumbos CI, Karapanagiotidis IT, Mente E, Psofakis P, Athanassiou CG. Evaluation of various commodities for the development of the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11224. [PMID: 32641803 PMCID: PMC7343874 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67363-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the suitability of forty-four commodities (i.e., cereal flours and meals, non-flour, cereal commodities, legumes and various commodities of vegetative and animal origin) as oviposition and feeding substrates for the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor. Τen T. molitor adults were introduced in plastic vials containing 30 g of each commodity. At the end of the 1 week period, all adults were removed, and mortality was determined; then the vials were further incubated for additional 9 weeks. After this time, the vials were opened, and the larvae of each vial were separated from the feeding substrate, counted and weighed as a group. The efficiency of ingested food conversion was calculated for each substrate. Finally, proximate composition was calculated to determine the nutrient components of the feeding substrates tested and the T. molitor larvae that fed on various selected substrates. In general, adult reproduction was clearly favoured by most amylaceous substrates tested, which was in contrast to the tested legumes on which fewer offspring were produced. Similar effects were observed for larval development. Feeding on selected substrates exerted an impact on the nutrient composition of T. molitor larvae, with a high protein content of the substrate usually resulting in a high protein content of the larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos I Rumbos
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Str., 38446, Volos, Greece.,Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Str., 38446, Volos, Greece
| | - Ioannis T Karapanagiotidis
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Str., 38446, Volos, Greece
| | - Eleni Mente
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Str., 38446, Volos, Greece
| | - Pier Psofakis
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Str., 38446, Volos, Greece
| | - Christos G Athanassiou
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Str., 38446, Volos, Greece.
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Chalvatzi S, Papadopoulos GA, Tsiouris V, Giannenas I, Karapanagiotidis IT, Theodoridis A, Georgopoulou I, Fortomaris PD. Dimethylglycine Supplementation in Reduced Energy Broilers' Diets Restores Performance by Improving Nutrient Digestibility. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10050789. [PMID: 32370175 PMCID: PMC7277919 DOI: 10.3390/ani10050789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Nutritional emulsifiers are used to counteract any negative impact on birds’ performance by improving fat digestibility. Reducing the energy content of broiler diets, which can be achieved by decreasing the quantity of supplemented fat, could contribute to the formulation of diets with a lower production cost. Dimethylgycine (DMG) is a bioactive compound with multiple applications and functions, which has been used as a dietary supplement in the feed of monogastric animals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of DMG supplementation in reduced-energy diets in broilers on performance and nutrient digestibility. It was shown that DMG supplementation in reduced energy broiler diets restored performance indicators to the levels obtained with a standard diet. This effect was probably mediated by the positive effects on the gastrointestinal function of the broilers after DMG supplementation, as evidenced by the improved nutrient digestibility. It is essential for the digestive system in broilers to function optimally, in order to correspond to increased feed consumption and their high production potential. The dietary supplementation of DMG and ingredients with similar emulsifying properties could be used as supportive means for sustainable broiler production. Abstract Reducing the energy content of broiler diets could lead to the formulation of diets with reduced production cost. Dimethylgycine (DMG) has been used as a dietary supplement to enhance dietary fat utilization in poultry. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of DMG supplementation in reduced energy diets on performance and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens. Four hundred and eighty day-old broilers were randomly allocated to three dietary treatments: a standard energy diet (PC treatment), a reduced energy diet by 66 kcal/kg (NC treatment) and the reduced energy diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg of DMG (DMG treatment). Fat digestibility was significantly higher in DMG group, compared to PC and NC groups. Intestines and gizzard lesion scores were found to be lower in the DMG group compared to PC. DMG supplementation resulted in lower jejunum pH and ileum viscosity in broilers. Overall, the present study showed that DMG supplementation in reduced energy broiler diets restored growth performance to the levels obtained with a standard diet. This result was probably mediated by the positive effects on the gastrointestinal function of the broilers after DMG supplementation, as evidenced by the improved nutrient digestibility, the reduced gross lesion scores and the lower values in intestinal pH and viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Chalvatzi
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.C.); (P.D.F.)
| | - Georgios A. Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.C.); (P.D.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2310999907
| | - Vasilios Tsiouris
- Unit of Avian Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Stavrou Voutyra 11, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece; (V.T.); (I.G.)
| | - Ilias Giannenas
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Ioannis T. Karapanagiotidis
- Aquaculture Laboratory, Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Street, 38446 Volos, Greece;
| | - Alexandros Theodoridis
- Laboratory of Animal Production Economics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Ioanna Georgopoulou
- Unit of Avian Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Stavrou Voutyra 11, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece; (V.T.); (I.G.)
| | - Paschalis D. Fortomaris
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (S.C.); (P.D.F.)
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Gkafas GA, Hatziioannou M, Malandrakis EE, Tsigenopoulos CS, Karapanagiotidis IT, Mente E, Vafidis D, Exadactylos A. Heterozygosity fitness correlations and generation interval of the Norway lobster in the Aegean Sea, eastern Mediterranean. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 26:14. [PMID: 31728339 PMCID: PMC6842237 DOI: 10.1186/s40709-019-0103-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Comprehensively detailed information on population dynamics for benthic species is crucial since potential admixture of individuals could shift the genetic subdivision and age structure during a full breeding period. The apparent genetic impact of the potential recruitment strategy of Norway lobster Nephrops norvegicus is still under research. For this reason the present study was focused on genetic variation of the species over a given continuous year period in a semi-enclosed gulf of the Aegean Sea. Results Analyses revealed that the relative smaller size class in females and the apparent faster growth of males may represent a key-role differential strategy for the two sexes, whereas females tend to mature slower. Heterozygosity fitness correlations (HFCs) showed substantially significant associations suggesting that inbreeding depression for females and outbreeding depression for males are the proximate fitness mechanisms, respectively. Conclusions Nephrops norvegicus uniformal genetic composition (background of high gene flow), could be attributed to potential population recolonization, due to a hypothesized passive larval movement from deeper waters, which may suggest that some offspring of local residents and potential male non-breeders from other regions admixture randomly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios A Gkafas
- 1Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Marianthi Hatziioannou
- 1Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Emmanouil E Malandrakis
- 1Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Costas S Tsigenopoulos
- 2Institute of Marine Biology and Genetics, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Crete Greece
| | - Ioannis T Karapanagiotidis
- 1Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Elena Mente
- 1Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Vafidis
- 1Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Athanasios Exadactylos
- 1Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
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Metsoviti MN, Papapolymerou G, Karapanagiotidis IT, Katsoulas N. Comparison of Growth Rate and Nutrient Content of Five Microalgae Species Cultivated in Greenhouses. Plants (Basel) 2019; 8:plants8080279. [PMID: 31405170 PMCID: PMC6724116 DOI: 10.3390/plants8080279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The effect of different environmental conditions on the growth rate, biomass production, nutrient composition, and phenolic content of the microalgae species Chlorella vulgaris, Botryococcus braunii, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Euglena gracilis, and Nannochloropsis oculata was investigated. The experiments were conducted in open bioreactors in a greenhouse in three different periods (during October, March, and June), and in a controlled environment in a closed plant growth chamber. It was found that the growth rate and production of C. vulgaris and B. braunii was higher during March, C. reinhardtii and N. oculata grew better in June, and the growth of E. gracilis was similar in March and June. The lipid content of the biomass of all five species increased with increasing light intensity and temperature, while the nitrogen free extractable (NFE) content decreased and the protein, fiber, moisture, and ash content remained relatively unaffected. The phenolic content varied from species to species with E. gracilis having the highest and N. oculata the lowest content among the species studied. The results can be taken into account when cultivating the different microalgae studied in full scale applications, such as in open raceway bioreactors, where conditions could be adjusted to obtain the most favorable growth conditions, depending on the particular species cultivated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria N Metsoviti
- Laboratory of Agricultural Constructions and Environmental Control, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Street, 38446 Volos, Greece
| | | | - Ioannis T Karapanagiotidis
- Aquaculture Laboratory, Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Street, 38446 Volos, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Katsoulas
- Laboratory of Agricultural Constructions and Environmental Control, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Street, 38446 Volos, Greece.
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Parlapani FF, Boziaris IS, Meziti A, Michailidou S, Haroutounian SA, Argiriou A, Karapanagiotidis IT. Microbiological status based on 454-pyrosequencing and volatilome analysis of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) fed on diets with hydrolyzed feather meal and poultry by-product meal as fishmeal replacers. Eur Food Res Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-019-03270-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Karapanagiotidis IT, Yakupitiyage A, Little DC, Bell MV, Mente E. The nutritional value of lipids in various tropical aquatic animals from rice–fish farming systems in northeast Thailand. J Food Compost Anal 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2009.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Karapanagiotidis IT, Bell MV, Little DC, Yakupitiyage A. Replacement of dietary fish oils by alpha-linolenic acid-rich oils lowers omega 3 content in tilapia flesh. Lipids 2007; 42:547-59. [PMID: 17473942 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-007-3057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2006] [Accepted: 03/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A 20-week feeding trial was conducted to determine whether increasing linolenic acid (18:3n-3) in vegetable oil (VO) based diets would lead to increased tissue deposition of 22:6n-3 in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were supplemented with 3% of either linseed oil (LO), a mixture of linseed oil with refined palm olein oil (PO) (LO-PO 2:1) and a mixture of refined palm olein oil with linseed oil (PO-LO 3:2) or with fish oil (FO) or corn oil (CO) as controls. The PO-LO, LO-PO and LO diets supplied a similar amount of 18:2n-6 (0.5% of diet by dry weight) and 0.5, 0.7 and 1.1% of 18:3n-3, respectively. Increased dietary 18:3n-3 caused commensurate increases in longer-chain n-3 PUFA and decreases in longer-chain n-6 PUFA in the muscle lipids of tilapia. However, the biosynthetic activities of fish fed the LO-based diets were not sufficient to raise the tissue concentrations of 20:5n-3, 22:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 to those of fish fed FO. The study suggests that tilapia (O. niloticus) has a limited capacity to synthesise 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 from dietary 18:3n-3. The replacement of FO in the diet of farmed tilapia with vegetable oils could therefore lower tissue concentrations of 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3, and consequently produce an aquaculture product of lower lipid nutritional value for the consumer.
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Karapanagiotidis IT, Bell MV, Little DC, Yakupitiyage A, Rakshit SK. Polyunsaturated fatty acid content of wild and farmed tilapias in Thailand: effect of aquaculture practices and implications for human nutrition. J Agric Food Chem 2006; 54:4304-10. [PMID: 16756360 DOI: 10.1021/jf0581877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The total lipid content and fatty acid composition of the muscle tissue of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and of hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) from different culture systems and from the natural and artificial environment of Thailand were compared. Wild fish and fish reared under the most extensive conditions had a more favorable fatty acid profile for human consumption as they contained higher proportions of 18:3n-3, 20:5n-3, and 22:6n-3, higher n-3/n-6 PUFA ratios, and lower proportions of 18:2n-6. The muscle tissue of intensively cultured fish was characterized by increased fat deposition that was mainly saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and 18:2n-6. It is undesirable for the consumer to reduce 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 in farmed tilapia and replace them with elevated 18:2n-6. It is recommended that the amount of 18:2n-6 in the feed of the intensively reared tilapia should be reduced by substituting vegetable oils rich in 18:2n-6 with oils rich in 18:1n-9 and/or 18:3n-3.
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